EP0024246A1 - Collapsible linen cover, such as a shelter, tent or the like - Google Patents

Collapsible linen cover, such as a shelter, tent or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024246A1
EP0024246A1 EP80401175A EP80401175A EP0024246A1 EP 0024246 A1 EP0024246 A1 EP 0024246A1 EP 80401175 A EP80401175 A EP 80401175A EP 80401175 A EP80401175 A EP 80401175A EP 0024246 A1 EP0024246 A1 EP 0024246A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
shelter
shelter according
canvas
cables
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP80401175A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Winant
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0024246A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024246A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/18—Tents having plural sectional covers, e.g. pavilions, vaulted tents, marquees, circus tents; Plural tents, e.g. modular

Definitions

  • Dismountable shelters such as roofs, tents, or the like, are essentially intended to be used for a limited time and then be dismantled and transported. Consequently, one of their essential qualities is to be light and space-saving.
  • the present invention aims to meet this requirement by providing a shelter which allows, with the minimum of material, to cover a maximum of surface or to wrap a maximum of volume.
  • a shelter which comprises canvas panels joined at their upper part along a curvilinear edge whose concavity is turned towards the exterior, making it possible to have a lower edge cut straight, and adapted to receive support posts at the outer extreme points of the upper edge, as well as tensioning means starting from the lower edge of the panels, at two points separated by a distance less than that which separates the reception points of the posts.
  • a shelter can constitute a canvas roof, a marquee, or possibly be supplemented by side walls and form a complete tent. It is particularly suitable for making a tent or a roof having a multiple number of sides, for example to house a space of hexagonal, octagonal or other shape, the panels then being in number equal to or greater than three. Whatever the shape and dimensions of the shelter made, it has no frame but only a small number of posts, all located at its periphery, so that the internal volume is fully available. On the other hand, the material used, that is to say the material to be transported, is reduced.
  • the removable shelter is produced by means of canvas panels, three in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1
  • Each of these panels 1, 2 and 3 has a lower edge 4 between two side edges 5, 6 respectively ; which are slightly curved.
  • These lateral edges are joined together by an upper edge 8, of curvilinear shape, having its concavity facing outwards.
  • this upper edge 8 forms two curves 9 and 11, 11 and 13 or 13 and 9, symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the panel and united in a central apex 10.
  • the panels 1,2,3 are joined two by two along their upper edge 8 by seams, or possibly welds or the like, 9, 11 and 13, and the three vertices 10 form the central point of the shelter.
  • each of the seams 9, 11, 13, situated opposite the central apex 10 is arranged a member, of the eyelet type or the like, for receiving the end of a support post, respectively 15 , 16 or 17.
  • tension cables 18, 19 leave from each of the ends of the lower edge 4 of the panels, while at least one cable 21 provides the painter of the stake.
  • the fabric formed by the three panels 1, 2 and 3 can be placed on the stakes 15, 16, 17 and then stretched by means of the cables 18, 19 to form a protective roof or shelter.
  • a shelter comprising three panels, as shown in fig. 1
  • the whole of the fabric thus protects a portion of the ground of substantially hexagonal shape, delimited by the fixing points of the cables 18, 19 at the lower edge of the panels.
  • This lower edge 4 being shorter than the distance which sapares the outer end points 22, 24 of the corresponding seams 9 and 11, that is to say in fact the adjacent stakes 15 and 16, these stakes are located at the 'outside the panels and thus slightly outside the hexagonal surface which' is completely free for the user.
  • the tensioning action of the cables 18 and 19, combined with the particular shape of the lines 9, 11 and 13 joining the panels, and with the suspension of the fabric at external end points, ensures the whole of the canvas a regular tension and large enough to minimize the height differences between the different points. Consequently, at practically all points of the roof, the tangent with the steepest slope has an inclination which allows the flow of water. Only the central zone, or zone of assembly of all the panels in the case of a shelter comprising at least three panels, does not meet this condition. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a relatively small area around the central apex 10, tends to approach the horizontal position, which risks being an obstacle to the good flow of water.
  • the central apex 10 is preferably straightened by cables or straps stretched between it and each of the end points 22, 24, 25 of the seams 9, 22 and 13.
  • the cables 26 can be stretched outside the tent and attached to the central top 10 by means of a canvas loop or other similar member (not shown).
  • these cables are fixed on a cap 28 on which the canvas is applied, a hole 19 in the latter allowing fixing, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the cables 16 pass through not only the hole 19 but the cup 18 itself, and are blocked below the latter at 31 by a knot, a weld or other similar means, or, according to a variant not shown, the cap itself has a central boss which projects into the hole 19 of the fabric and on which the cables are fixed, which prevents them from escaping and ensures their tension.
  • the central top 10 thus reaches a height slightly lower than that of the top of the stakes 5, 16, 17, which clears the space below the shelter and gives the canvas the desired slope and tension.
  • cables or straps 17 are stretched inside the shelter.
  • the central point 10 is then supported by a small vertical post 30 resting on a plate 32 secured, in its central part, to a centering member 34 constituted, in the embodiment shown, by a tenon on which the stake 3C which is hollow (fig. 4 and 5).
  • the plate 32 preferably comprises three arms, respectively 35, 36 and 37, each pierced with a hole or a slot 38 in which the cable or strap 27 is hung.
  • the cables or straps 27 or 26 are hung on the top of the stakes 15, 16, 17 respectively, that by means of eyelets or the like, independent or integral with those of the fabric.
  • the eyelets are carried only by them as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the straps 27 then have a length greater than that necessary for tensioning and an eyelet 60 is fixed to the end of each of them.
  • the two adjacent canvas panels, 1 and 3, assembled by seam 9, are fixed at the same time on the strap, for example by a seam 62, a weld or any other means, at the end of the junction line 9 but at a certain distance from the end of the strap, so that only the eyelet 60 reaches the top of the post 15 (fig. 1).
  • the straps 26, 27 are thus stretched to the desired value once and for all, and remain adjusted even when the fabric is folded.
  • the stake 30 can even be released from the plate 32, while the cables remain taut, which facilitates the mounting of the shelter.
  • the plate 32 can have any suitable shape.
  • the stake 30 can be supported in any suitable manner and the cables or straps can be hung, welded, glued, or the like as required.
  • the cables, straps or the like are stretched in such a way that they keep the top 10 in its high position and relieve the fabric along the seams 9 and 11 over a great distance.
  • cables 21 for holding the stakes are then replaced by cables 56, 57 fixed at the two ends of the base of the triangle 40, but the tensioning means remain unchanged and the cables 18 and 19 are fixed at two points 45, 46 respectively, distant from the lateral sides of the panel and separated by a distance corresponding to the length of the bottom edge 4 not extended.
  • the central apex 10 is also straightened, either by external cables, or by internal cables.
  • the hooking eyelets on the support posts 15, 16 and 17 can, according to an alternative embodiment, be omitted.
  • Each of the stakes then comprises (FIGS. 7 and 8) a domed and enlarged head 64, which is for example molded in plastic material and fitted, by means of a lower central stud 65, into the stake 15.
  • the upper surface convex of the head widens towards the outside of the shelter and has curvatures such that it adapts to the top of the trihedron formed by the panels and the triangle 40.
  • the canvas is simply placed on this head but it is however securely maintained and can transmit the action of cables 56 and 57 to the stake.
  • the shelter can also be completed with side walls, so as to constitute a complete closed tent (fig. 9).
  • the roof of this tent can be formed by the shelter shown in fig. 1, or be provided with one or more awnings, such as those of the shelter shown in FIG. 2.
  • the side walls 42 extend downwards each of the panels 1, 2 and 3, between the points 45 and 46 for fixing the tension members, while walls 44 connect these walls 42 between the points 46 and 45 from two different roof panels.
  • Tension cables 48, 49 are attached to each of the junction lines between these walls, at an intermediate point between the lower edge of the roof panel and the ground, as indicated at 50 in FIG. 9.
  • each wall 42 or 44 has the general shape of a trapezoid, but these trapezoids are inverted.
  • the small base 51, 53 of a wall 42 is equal to the large base 61, 63 of a wall 44 and is located, like it, at the lower part of the tent which thus has the shape of a regular hexagon .
  • the upper part of the wall 42 is formed by its large base 45, 46, while that of the wall 44 is formed by its small base 66, 67.
  • the trapezoids 42 and 44 are isosceles but their lateral sides each have successively a straight part 68, 69 and a curved part 70- 72
  • the straight parts 68, 69 of all the walls have the same length while the curves have the same radius of curvature, so that the opposite sides of the adjacent walls 42 and 44 have, flat, profiles isometric, angularly offset.
  • the tension cables 48, 49 are fixed at 50 at the transition point between the rectilinear parts 68, 69 and the curved parts 70, 72, which corresponds to the greatest width of the wall 42. It can then be seen that all of the canvas is regularly stretched. The force exerted by the cables 48, 49 is in fact transmitted to the two adjacent walls and, via the wall 42, to the corresponding roof panel.
  • the wall 44 may possibly be extended upwards to the roof, but they are preferably limited to the small base 66, 67 and delimits an opening, protected for example by a canopy 40.
  • the tent may include a second interior or exterior envelope, of the conventional type or produced according to the invention.
  • the two envelopes are of the type of tent shown in FIG. 9, means making it possible to make them permanent or temporary are preferably mounted on them, at different points and mainly at the anointed 50 for fixing the cables of tension, which allows them to be tensioned simultaneously with the same cables.
  • One or the other of these envelopes can moreover be integral with a floor mat.
  • a shelter or tent of this type can have a variable number of sides.
  • the number of roofing panels can be more than three or even possibly be limited to two.
  • the ground surface protected by this shelter has the shape of a polygon whose sides are in double shade from that of the roofing panels and the space thus protected is completely free for the user.
  • the stakes in small numbers, are always located at the periphery and the center of the roof, even when it is raised by the cables and the small stake 30, leaves a significant height free.
  • the amount of canvas needed to make the shelter is much lower than the links usually used to protect a space similar. As a result, the quantity and weight of material to be transported and handled during assembly and disassembly are reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

Cet abri comport au moins un toiture formée par plusieurs panneaux de toile (1, 2, 3) assemblés entre eux à leur partie supérieure le long de bords curvilignes (8). Le bord (8) de chaque panneau forme deux courbes (9) et (11) convergeant en un point central (10) et tous les panneaux sont réunis en ce point central. Le côté inférieur (4) de panneau est muni de deux câbles (18), (19) de tension, séparés par une distance inférieure à celle qui sépare les piquets supportant les extrémités extérieures des coutures. Un abri à trois panneaux recouvre ainsi une surface au sol hexagonale et un espace totalement libre.This shelter comprises at least one roof formed by several canvas panels (1, 2, 3) assembled together at their upper part along curvilinear edges (8). The edge (8) of each panel forms two curves (9) and (11) converging at a central point (10) and all the panels are united at this central point. The lower side (4) of the panel is provided with two cables (18), (19) for tension, separated by a distance less than that which separates the stakes supporting the outer ends of the seams. A shelter with three panels thus covers a hexagonal floor area and a completely free space.

Description

Les abris démontables tels que les toits, tentes, ou analogues, sont essentiellement destinés à être utilisés pendant une durée limitée et être ensuite démontés et transportés. En conséquence, une de leurs qualités primordiales est d'être légers et peu encombrants.Dismountable shelters such as roofs, tents, or the like, are essentially intended to be used for a limited time and then be dismantled and transported. Consequently, one of their essential qualities is to be light and space-saving.

La présente invention a pour but de répondre à cette exigence en réalisant un abri qui permette, avec le minimum de matière, de couvrir un maximum de surface ou d'envelopper un maximum de volume.The present invention aims to meet this requirement by providing a shelter which allows, with the minimum of material, to cover a maximum of surface or to wrap a maximum of volume.

Elle a en effet pour objet un abri qui comporte des panneaux de toile réunis à leur partie supérieure le long d'un bord de forme curviligne dont la concavité est tournée vers l'extéricur, permettant d'avoir un bord inférieur découpé droit, et adaptés à recevoir des piquets de support aux points extrêmes extérieurs du bord supérieur, ainsi que des moyens de tension partant du bord inférieur des panneaux, en deux points séparés par une distance inférieure à celle qui sépare les points de réception des piquets.Its purpose is in fact a shelter which comprises canvas panels joined at their upper part along a curvilinear edge whose concavity is turned towards the exterior, making it possible to have a lower edge cut straight, and adapted to receive support posts at the outer extreme points of the upper edge, as well as tensioning means starting from the lower edge of the panels, at two points separated by a distance less than that which separates the reception points of the posts.

La forme curviligne du bord supérieur des panneaux ainsi que le mode de tension de ceux-ci permettent à la toile de recevoir des efforts de tension très uniformément répartis et, ainsi, de protéger une surface au sol relativement importante. Un te) abri peut constituer un toit de toile, un chapiteau, ou éventuellement être complété par des parois latérales et former une tente complète. II est tout particulièrement adapté à la réalisation d'une tente ou d'un toit comportant un nombre multiple de côtés, par exemple pour abriter un espace de forme hexagonale, octogonale ou autre, les panneaux étant alors en nombre égal ou supérieur à trois. Quelles que soient la forme et les dimensions de l'abri réalisé, celui-ci ne comporte pas d'armature mais seule-ment un petit nombre de poteaux, tous situés à sa périphérie, de sorte que le volume interne est entièrement disponible. Par contre le matériei utilisé, c'est-à-dire le matériel à transporter, est réduit.The curvilinear shape of the upper edge of the panels as well as the method of tensioning them allow the fabric to receive tension forces very uniformly distributed and, thus, to protect a relatively large floor area. A shelter can constitute a canvas roof, a marquee, or possibly be supplemented by side walls and form a complete tent. It is particularly suitable for making a tent or a roof having a multiple number of sides, for example to house a space of hexagonal, octagonal or other shape, the panels then being in number equal to or greater than three. Whatever the shape and dimensions of the shelter made, it has no frame but only a small number of posts, all located at its periphery, so that the internal volume is fully available. On the other hand, the material used, that is to say the material to be transported, is reduced.

La description ci-dessous de modes de réalisation donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et représentés aux dessins annexés, fera d'ailleurs ressortir les avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention.The description below of embodiments given solely by way of nonlimiting examples, and represented in the appended drawings, will moreover highlight the advantages and characteristics of the invention.

  • - la fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'un abri selon l'invention;- fig. 1 is a perspective view of a shelter according to the invention;
  • - la fig. 2 est une vue analogue à la figure 1 d'une variante de réalisation;- fig. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of an alternative embodiment;
  • -la fig. 3 est une vue de détail, à plus grande échelle, d'un mode de fixation des câbtes de maintien du centre de l'abri de la figure 1;- fig. 3 is a detail view, on a larger scale, of a method of fixing the holding cords of the center of the shelter of FIG. 1;
  • - la fig. 4 est une vue de détail à plus grande échelle, d'un dispositif de maintien du centre de l'abri de la figure 2, en coupe verticale, suivant la ligne 4-4. de la figure '5;- fig. 4 is a detail view on a larger scale, of a device for holding the center of the shelter of FIG. 2, in vertical section, along the line 4-4. of Figure '5;
  • - la fîg. 5 est une vue en plan, de dessus. du dispositif de la figure.4;- the fig. 5 is a plan view, from above. of the device of figure.4;
  • - la fig. 6 est une vue de dessus, à échelle agrandie, d'une extrémité extérieure de l'abri de la figure 1 , au point d'accrochage sur le piquet;- fig. 6 is a top view, on an enlarged scale, of an outer end of the shelter of FIG. 1, at the point of attachment to the stake;
  • - la fig. 7 est une vue, à échelle agrandie, du sommet d'un piquet de support de l'abri de la figure 2, en coupe verticale suivant la ligne 7-7 de la figure 8;- fig. 7 is a view, on an enlarged scale, of the top of a support post for the shelter of FIG. 2, in vertical section along the line 7-7 of FIG. 8;
  • - la fig. 8 est une vue de dessus du piquet de la figure 7;- fig. 8 is a top view of the stake of FIG. 7;
  • - la fig. 9 est une vue en perspective c'ur abri selon l'invention, formant une tente complète;- fig. 9 is a perspective view of the shelter according to the invention, forming a complete tent;
  • - les fig. 10 et 11 sont des vues en plan des panneaux latéraux de la tente de la figure 9.- figs. 10 and 11 are plan views of the side panels of the tent in FIG. 9.

L'abri démontable est réalisé au moyen de panneaux de toile, trois dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la fig. 1 Chacun de ces panneaux 1, 2 et 3, présente un bord inférieur 4 entre deux bords latéraux 5, 6 respectivement; qui sont légèrement incurvés. Ces bords latéraux sont réunis entre eux par un bord supérieur 8, de forme curviligne, ayant sa concavité tournée vers l'extérieur. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, ce bord supérieur 8 forme deux courbes 9 et 11, 11 et 13 ou 13 et 9, symétriques par rapport au plan médian du panneau et réunies en un sommet central 10.The removable shelter is produced by means of canvas panels, three in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 Each of these panels 1, 2 and 3 has a lower edge 4 between two side edges 5, 6 respectively ; which are slightly curved. These lateral edges are joined together by an upper edge 8, of curvilinear shape, having its concavity facing outwards. In the embodiment shown, this upper edge 8 forms two curves 9 and 11, 11 and 13 or 13 and 9, symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the panel and united in a central apex 10.

Les panneaux 1,2,3 sont réunis deux à deux le long de leur bord supérieur 8 par des coutures, ou éventuellement des soudures ou autres, 9, 11 et 13, et les trois sommets 10 forment le point central de l'abri.The panels 1,2,3 are joined two by two along their upper edge 8 by seams, or possibly welds or the like, 9, 11 and 13, and the three vertices 10 form the central point of the shelter.

A l'extrémité de chacune des coutures 9, 11, 13, située à l'opposé du sommet central 10, est disposé un organe, du type oeillet ou analogue, de réception de l'extrémité d"un piquet de support, respectivement 15, 16 ou 17.At the end of each of the seams 9, 11, 13, situated opposite the central apex 10, is arranged a member, of the eyelet type or the like, for receiving the end of a support post, respectively 15 , 16 or 17.

Par ailleurx des câbles de tension 18, 19, partent de chacune des extrémités du bord inférieur 4 des panneaux, tandis qu'au moins un câble 21 assure le paintien du piquet.By the way tension cables 18, 19, leave from each of the ends of the lower edge 4 of the panels, while at least one cable 21 provides the painter of the stake.

Grâce à cette disposition, la toile formée par les trois panneaux 1 , 2 et 3, peut être posée sur les piquets 15, 16, 17 puis tendue au moyen des câbles 18, 19 pour constituer une toiture ou ahri de protection. Dans le cas d'un abri comportant trois panneaux, comme représenté sur la fig. 1 , l'ensemble de la toile protège ainsi une portion du sol de forme sensiblement hexagonale, délimitée par les points de fixation des câbles 18, 19 au bord inférieur des panneaux. Ce bord inférieur 4 étant plus court que la distance qui sapare les points 22, 24 d'extrémité extérieurs des coutures 9 et 11 correspondants, c'est-à-dire en fait les piquets adjacents 15 et 16, ces piquets se trouvent à l'extérieur des panneaux et ainsi légèrement à l'extérieu de la surface hexagonale qui 'est totalement libre pour l'usager. En outre, l'action de tension des câbles 18 et 19, combinée avec la forme particulière des lignes 9, 11 et 13 de jonction des panneaux, et avec la suspension de la toile en des points extrêmes extérieurs, assure à la totalité de la toile une tension régulière et suffisamment importante pour réduire à un minimum les différences de hauteur entre les différents points. Par suite, en pratiquement tous les points de la toiture la tangente de plus forte pente a une inclinaison qui permet l'écoulement des eaux. Seule la zone centrale, ou zone de réunion de tous les panneaux dans la cas d'un abri comportant au moins trois panneaux, ne répond pas à cette condition. Par exemple, dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la fig. 1 , une zone relativement petite autour du sommet central 10, tend à se rapprocher de la position horizontale, ce qui risque d'être un obstable au bon écoulement des eaux.Thanks to this arrangement, the fabric formed by the three panels 1, 2 and 3 can be placed on the stakes 15, 16, 17 and then stretched by means of the cables 18, 19 to form a protective roof or shelter. In the case of a shelter comprising three panels, as shown in fig. 1, the whole of the fabric thus protects a portion of the ground of substantially hexagonal shape, delimited by the fixing points of the cables 18, 19 at the lower edge of the panels. This lower edge 4 being shorter than the distance which sapares the outer end points 22, 24 of the corresponding seams 9 and 11, that is to say in fact the adjacent stakes 15 and 16, these stakes are located at the 'outside the panels and thus slightly outside the hexagonal surface which' is completely free for the user. In addition, the tensioning action of the cables 18 and 19, combined with the particular shape of the lines 9, 11 and 13 joining the panels, and with the suspension of the fabric at external end points, ensures the whole of the canvas a regular tension and large enough to minimize the height differences between the different points. Consequently, at practically all points of the roof, the tangent with the steepest slope has an inclination which allows the flow of water. Only the central zone, or zone of assembly of all the panels in the case of a shelter comprising at least three panels, does not meet this condition. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a relatively small area around the central apex 10, tends to approach the horizontal position, which risks being an obstacle to the good flow of water.

En conséquence, le sommet central 10 est de préférence redressé par des câbles ou sangles tendus entre lui et chacun des points 22, 24, 25 d'extrémité des coutures 9, 22 et 13.Consequently, the central apex 10 is preferably straightened by cables or straps stretched between it and each of the end points 22, 24, 25 of the seams 9, 22 and 13.

Ainsi que le montre la fig. 1 des câbles 26 penvent être tendus à l'extérieur de la tente et attachés au sommet central 10 au moyen d'une boucle de toile ou d'un autre organe analogue (non représenté). De préférence, ces câbles sont fixés sur une calotte 28 sur laquelle vient s'appliquer la toile, un trou 19 de cette dernière permettant la fixation, Par exemple, comme le montre la fig. 3, les câbles 16 traversent non seulement le trou 19 mais la coupelle 18 elle-même, et sont bloqués en dessous de cette dernière en 31 par un noeud, une soudure ou un autre moyen analogue, ou, selon une variante non rep résentée, la calotte elle-même comporte un bossage central qui fait saillie dans le trou 19 de la toile et sur lequel sont fixés les câbles, ce qui leur interdit de s'échapper et assure leur tension. Le sommet central 10 atteint ainsi une hauteur légèrement inférieure à celle du sommet des piquets 5, 16, 17, ce qui dégage l'espace en-dessous de l'abri et donne à la toile la pente et la tension désirées.As shown in fig. 1 of the cables 26 can be stretched outside the tent and attached to the central top 10 by means of a canvas loop or other similar member (not shown). Preferably, these cables are fixed on a cap 28 on which the canvas is applied, a hole 19 in the latter allowing fixing, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the cables 16 pass through not only the hole 19 but the cup 18 itself, and are blocked below the latter at 31 by a knot, a weld or other similar means, or, according to a variant not shown, the cap itself has a central boss which projects into the hole 19 of the fabric and on which the cables are fixed, which prevents them from escaping and ensures their tension. The central top 10 thus reaches a height slightly lower than that of the top of the stakes 5, 16, 17, which clears the space below the shelter and gives the canvas the desired slope and tension.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur les fig. 2, 4 et 5, des câbles ou sangles 17 sont tendus à l'intérieur de l'abri. Le point central 10 est alors supporté par un petit piquet vertical 30 reposant sur une plaquette 32 solidaire, dans sa partie centrale, d'un organe de centrage 34 constitué, dans le mode de réalisation représenté, par un tenon sur lequel s'emboîte le piquet 3C qui est creux (fig. 4 et 5). La plaquette 32 comporte de préférence trois bras, respectivement 35, 36 et 37, percés chacun d'un trou ou d'une fente 38 dans laquelle est accroché le câble ou la sangle 27.According to an alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5, cables or straps 17 are stretched inside the shelter. The central point 10 is then supported by a small vertical post 30 resting on a plate 32 secured, in its central part, to a centering member 34 constituted, in the embodiment shown, by a tenon on which the stake 3C which is hollow (fig. 4 and 5). The plate 32 preferably comprises three arms, respectively 35, 36 and 37, each pierced with a hole or a slot 38 in which the cable or strap 27 is hung.

A leur extrémité opposée les câbles ou sangles 27 ou 26 sont accrochés au sommet des piquets 15, 16, 17 respectivement, qu moyen d'oeillets ou analogues, indépendants ou solidaires de ceux de la toile. De préférence, toutefois, lorsque le redressement du sommet 10 est erfectué au moyen de sangles, les oeillets sont portés uniquement par celles-ci ainsi que le montre la fig. 6. Les sangles 27 ont alors une longueur supérieure à celle nécessaire à la tension et un oeillet 60 est fixé à l'extrémité de chacune d'elles. Les deux panneaux de toile adjacents, 1 et 3, assemblés par la couture 9, sont fixés en même temps sur la sangle, par example par une couture 62, une soudure ou tout autre moyen, au droit de d'extrémité de la ligne de jonction 9 mais à une certaine distance du bout de la sangle, de sorte que seul l'oeillet 60 atteint le sommet du piquet 15 (fig. 1). Les sangles 26, 27 sont ainsi tendues à la valeur désirée une fois pour toutes, et restent réglées même lorsaue la toile est repliée. Le piquet 30 peut même etre libéré de la plaquette 32, tandis que les câbles restent tendus, ce qui facilite le montage de l'abri.At their opposite end the cables or straps 27 or 26 are hung on the top of the stakes 15, 16, 17 respectively, that by means of eyelets or the like, independent or integral with those of the fabric. Preferably, however, when the straightening of the crown 10 is erected by means of straps, the eyelets are carried only by them as shown in FIG. 6. The straps 27 then have a length greater than that necessary for tensioning and an eyelet 60 is fixed to the end of each of them. The two adjacent canvas panels, 1 and 3, assembled by seam 9, are fixed at the same time on the strap, for example by a seam 62, a weld or any other means, at the end of the junction line 9 but at a certain distance from the end of the strap, so that only the eyelet 60 reaches the top of the post 15 (fig. 1). The straps 26, 27 are thus stretched to the desired value once and for all, and remain adjusted even when the fabric is folded. The stake 30 can even be released from the plate 32, while the cables remain taut, which facilitates the mounting of the shelter.

Il est bien évident que la plaquette 32 peut avoir toute forme appropriée De même le piquet 30 peut être supporté de toute manière adaptée et les câble ou sangles peuvent être accrochés, soudés, collés, ou autre selon les besuin.It is obvious that the plate 32 can have any suitable shape. Similarly, the stake 30 can be supported in any suitable manner and the cables or straps can be hung, welded, glued, or the like as required.

Quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les câbles, sangles ou analogues, sont tendus de façon telle qu'ils maintiennent le sommet 10 dans sa position haute et soulagent la toile le long des coutures 9 et 11 sur une grande distance.Whatever the embodiment, the cables, straps or the like are stretched in such a way that they keep the top 10 in its high position and relieve the fabric along the seams 9 and 11 over a great distance.

Lorsque l'on veut accroître encore la surface protégée par l'abri, il est avantageux de prolonger les panneaux 1, 2 et 3 de la manière représentée sur la fig. 2, c'est-à-dire de prolonger le bord inférieur 4 au-delà des points de fixation des câbles 18 et 19 et du piquet 15, 16 ou 17 correspondant, par un triangle 52, 54, de préférence d'une seule pièce avec lui. Un triangle de toile 40 réunit alors les deux panneaux adjacents et forme avec les prolongements 52 et 54 un auvent ou tourelle complémentaire.When it is desired to further increase the area protected by the shelter, it is advantageous to extend the panels 1, 2 and 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 2, that is to say to extend the lower edge 4 beyond the fixing points of the cables 18 and 19 and of the corresponding stake 15, 16 or 17, by a triangle 52, 54, preferably in one play with him. A canvas triangle 40 then joins the two adjacent panels and forms with the extensions 52 and 54 a canopy or complementary turret.

Les câbles 21 de maintien des piquets sont alors remplacés par des câbles 56, 57 fixés aux deux extrémités de la base du triangle 40, mais les moyens de tension restent inchangés et les câbles 18 et 19 sont fixés en deux points 45, 46 respectivement, éloignés des côtés latéraux du panneau et séparés par une distance correspondant à la longueur du bord inférieur 4 non prolongé.The cables 21 for holding the stakes are then replaced by cables 56, 57 fixed at the two ends of the base of the triangle 40, but the tensioning means remain unchanged and the cables 18 and 19 are fixed at two points 45, 46 respectively, distant from the lateral sides of the panel and separated by a distance corresponding to the length of the bottom edge 4 not extended.

Le sommet central 10 est également redressé, soit par des câbles extérieurs, soit par des câbles intérieurs. Toutefois, les oeillets d'accrochage sur les piquets de support 15, 16 et 17 peuvent, selon une variante de réalisation, être supprimés. Chacun des piquets comporte alors (fig. 7 et 8) une tête bombée et élargie 64, qui est par exemple moulée en matière plastique et emboitée, par l'intermédiaire d'un tenon central inférieur 65, dans le piquet 15. La surface supérieure bombée de la tête s'élargit vers l'extérieur de l'abri et a des courbures telles qu'elle s'adapte au sommet du trièdre formé par les panneaux et le triangle 40. La toile est simplement posée sur cette tête mais elle est cependant solidementmaintenue et peut transmettre au piquet l'action des câbles 56 et 57.The central apex 10 is also straightened, either by external cables, or by internal cables. However, the hooking eyelets on the support posts 15, 16 and 17 can, according to an alternative embodiment, be omitted. Each of the stakes then comprises (FIGS. 7 and 8) a domed and enlarged head 64, which is for example molded in plastic material and fitted, by means of a lower central stud 65, into the stake 15. The upper surface convex of the head widens towards the outside of the shelter and has curvatures such that it adapts to the top of the trihedron formed by the panels and the triangle 40. The canvas is simply placed on this head but it is however securely maintained and can transmit the action of cables 56 and 57 to the stake.

L'abri peut également être complété par des parois latérales, de façon à constituer une tente complète fermée (fig. 9). La toiture de cette tente peut être formée par l'abri représenté sur la fig. 1, ou être munie d'un ou de plusieurs auvents, tels que ceux de l'abri représenté sur la fig. 2. Dans tous les cas des parois latérales 42 prolongent vers le bas chacun des panneaux 1 , 2 et 3, entre les points 45 et 46 de fixation des organes de tension, tandis que des parois 44 rel ient ces parois 42 entre les points 46 et 45 de deux panneaux de toiture différents. Des câbles de tension 48, 49 sont attachés à chacune des lignes de jonction entre ces parois, en un point intermédiaire entre le bord inférieur du panneau de toit et ie sol, comme indiqué en 50 sur la fig. 9.The shelter can also be completed with side walls, so as to constitute a complete closed tent (fig. 9). The roof of this tent can be formed by the shelter shown in fig. 1, or be provided with one or more awnings, such as those of the shelter shown in FIG. 2. In all cases the side walls 42 extend downwards each of the panels 1, 2 and 3, between the points 45 and 46 for fixing the tension members, while walls 44 connect these walls 42 between the points 46 and 45 from two different roof panels. Tension cables 48, 49 are attached to each of the junction lines between these walls, at an intermediate point between the lower edge of the roof panel and the ground, as indicated at 50 in FIG. 9.

Comme le montrent plus particulièrement les figures 10 et 11, chaque paroi 42 ou 44 a la forme générale d'un trapèze, mais ces trapèzes sont inversés. Ainsi la petite base 51, 53 d'une paroi 42 est égale à la grande base 61, 63 d'une paroi 44 et est située, comme elle, à la partie inférieure de la tente qui a ainsi la forme d'un hexagone régulier. Par contre, la partie supérieure de la paroi 42 est formée par sa grande base 45, 46, tandis que celle de la paroi 44 est constituée par sa petite base 66, 67.As shown more particularly in Figures 10 and 11, each wall 42 or 44 has the general shape of a trapezoid, but these trapezoids are inverted. Thus the small base 51, 53 of a wall 42 is equal to the large base 61, 63 of a wall 44 and is located, like it, at the lower part of the tent which thus has the shape of a regular hexagon . On the other hand, the upper part of the wall 42 is formed by its large base 45, 46, while that of the wall 44 is formed by its small base 66, 67.

Les trapèzes 42 et 44 sont isocèles mais leurs côtés latéraux comportent t chacun successivement une partie rectiligne 68, 69 et une partie courbe 70- 72 Les parties droites 68, 69 de toutes les parois ont la même longueur tandis que les courbes ont le même rayon de courbure, de sorte que les côtés en regard des parois 42 et 44 adjacentes ont, à plat, des profils isométriques, décalés angulairement.The trapezoids 42 and 44 are isosceles but their lateral sides each have successively a straight part 68, 69 and a curved part 70- 72 The straight parts 68, 69 of all the walls have the same length while the curves have the same radius of curvature, so that the opposite sides of the adjacent walls 42 and 44 have, flat, profiles isometric, angularly offset.

Les câbles de tension 48, 49 sont fixés en 50 au point de transition entre les parties rectilignes 68, 69 et les parties courbes 70, 72, ce qui correspond à la plus grande largeur de la paroi 42. On constate alors que la totalité de la toile est régulièrement tendue. L'effort exercé par les câbles 48, 49 est en effet transmis aux deux parois adjacentes et, par l'intermédiaire de la paroi 42, au panneau de toiture correspondant.The tension cables 48, 49 are fixed at 50 at the transition point between the rectilinear parts 68, 69 and the curved parts 70, 72, which corresponds to the greatest width of the wall 42. It can then be seen that all of the canvas is regularly stretched. The force exerted by the cables 48, 49 is in fact transmitted to the two adjacent walls and, via the wall 42, to the corresponding roof panel.

La paroi 44 peut éventuellement être prolongée vers le haut jusqu'au toit, mais elles est de préférence limitée à la petite base 66, 67 et délimite une ouverture, protégée par exemple par un auvent 40.The wall 44 may possibly be extended upwards to the roof, but they are preferably limited to the small base 66, 67 and delimits an opening, protected for example by a canopy 40.

Bien entendu la tente peut comporter une seconde enveloppe intérieure ou extérieure, de type classique ou réalisée selon l'invention. Lorsque les deux enveloppes sont du type de la tente représentée sur la figure 9, des moyens permettant de les rendre solidaires de manière permanente ou momentanée sont de préférence montés sur elles, en différents points et principalement aux r-oints 50 de fixation des câbles de tension, ce qui permet de les tendre simultanément avec les mêmes câbles. L'une ou l'autre de ces enveloppes peut d'ailleurs être solidaire d'un tapis de sol.Of course, the tent may include a second interior or exterior envelope, of the conventional type or produced according to the invention. When the two envelopes are of the type of tent shown in FIG. 9, means making it possible to make them permanent or temporary are preferably mounted on them, at different points and mainly at the anointed 50 for fixing the cables of tension, which allows them to be tensioned simultaneously with the same cables. One or the other of these envelopes can moreover be integral with a floor mat.

Un abri ou tente de ce type peut comporter un nombre variable de côtés. Le nombre des panneaux de toiture peut être supérieur à trois ou même être éventuellement limité à deux. Dans tous les cas la surface de sol protégée par cet abri a la forme d'un polygone dont les côtés sont en r.ombre double de celui des panneaux de toiture et l'espace ainsi protégé est totalement libre pour l'utilisateur.A shelter or tent of this type can have a variable number of sides. The number of roofing panels can be more than three or even possibly be limited to two. In all cases the ground surface protected by this shelter has the shape of a polygon whose sides are in double shade from that of the roofing panels and the space thus protected is completely free for the user.

En effet, les piquets, en petit nombre, sont toujours situés à la périphérie et le centre de la toiture, même lorsqu'il est soulevé par les câbles et le petit piquet 30, laisse libre une hauteur importante. Par contre, en raison notamment de la tension régulière de la totalité de la toile due, entre autres, à la forme particulière des panneaux de toiture et éventuellement des parois, et à l'application des tensions en des points plus rapprochés que les piquets, la quantité de toile nécessaire pour réaliser l'abri est nettement inférieure à relie habituellement employée pour protéger un espace analogue. Par suite, la quantité et le poids de matériel à transporter et à manipuler lors des montages et démontages sont réduits.Indeed, the stakes, in small numbers, are always located at the periphery and the center of the roof, even when it is raised by the cables and the small stake 30, leaves a significant height free. On the other hand, in particular because of the regular tension of the entire fabric due, among other things, to the particular shape of the roof panels and possibly of the walls, and to the application of the tensions at points closer than the stakes, the amount of canvas needed to make the shelter is much lower than the links usually used to protect a space similar. As a result, the quantity and weight of material to be transported and handled during assembly and disassembly are reduced.

Claims (13)

1 - Abri démontable en toile, tel que toit, tente ou analogue, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux panneaux de toile qui sont réunis à leur partie supérieure le long d'un bord de forme curviligne, dont la concavité est tournée vers l'extérieur, et adaptés à recevoir des piquets de support aux points extrêmes extérieurs de ce bord, et des moyens de mise en tension de chacun des panneaux, fixés au bord opposé à la ligne de jonction, en deux points séparés par une distance inférieure à celle des piquets de support coopérant avec ce panneau.1 - Removable canvas shelter, such as roof, tent or the like, characterized in that it comprises at least two canvas panels which are joined at their upper part along an edge of curvilinear shape, the concavity of which is turned outwards, and adapted to receive support posts at the outer extreme points of this edge, and means for tensioning each of the panels, fixed to the edge opposite the junction line, at two points separated by a distance lower than that of the support posts cooperating with this panel. 2 - Abri suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le bcrd supérieur curviligne et le bord opposé de chaque panneau sont reliés par des petits côtés incurvés.2 - Shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper curved bcrd and the opposite edge of each panel are connected by short curved sides. 3 - Abri suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux panneaux adjacents ont des bords inférieurs qui se prolongent au-delà des moyens de mise en tension et sont réunis par un triangle de toile constituant un auvent, à l'extérieur du piquet de support.3 - Shelter according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two adjacent panels have lower edges which extend beyond the tensioning means and are joined by a fabric triangle constituting an awning, outside of the support stake. 4 - Abri suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mise en tension sont des câbles partant de la toile.4 - Shelter according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tensioning means are cables from the canvas. 5 -- Abri suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des parois latérales prolongeant les panneaux de toiture, entre les points de fixation des moyens de mise en tension d'un même panneau et d'autres parois latérales réunissant les premières.5 - Shelter according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises side walls extending the roof panels, between the fixing points of the tensioning means of the same panel and others side walls joining the first. 6 - Abri suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des câbles de tension fixés à la jonction entre deux parois latérales adjacentes, en un point intermédiaire entre les panneaux de toiture et le sol.6 - Shelter according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises tension cables fixed to the junction between two adjacent side walls, at an intermediate point between the roof panels and the ground. 7 - Abri suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins trois panneaux de toiture dont le bord supérieur forme deux courbes de jonction chacune avec le panneau adjacent, tous les bords supérieurs étant réunis en un sommet central.7 - Shelter according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least three roof panels whose upper edge forms two junction curves each with the adjacent panel, all edges superiors being united in a central apex. 8 - Abri suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des organes extérieurs de redressement du sommet central, tendus entre ce sommet et le point extrême extérieur de chacune des ignes de jonction des bords supérieurs des panneaux.8 - Shelter according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises external bodies for straightening the central apex, stretched between this apex and the outer end point of each of the junction lines of the upper edges of the panels. 9 -Abri suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des organes internes de redressement du sommet central, tendus entre chacun s points extrêmes extérieurs des bords supérieurs des panneaux, et une plaquette portant un piquet vertical d'appui du sommet central.9 -A shelter according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises internal organs for straightening the central apex, stretched between each s outer end points of the upper edges of the panels, and a plate carrying a vertical stake supporting the central apex . 10 - Abri suivant l'une des revendication 5 à 9, caractarisé en ce que les parois latérales ont toutes une forme générale trapézoïdale, la petite base des parois de prolongement des panneaux étant sensiblement égale à la grande base des autres parois et étant, comme elle, placée à la partie inférieure de la tente.10 - Shelter according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the side walls all have a generally trapezoidal shape, the small base of the extension walls of the panels being substantially equal to the large base of the other walls and being, as her, placed at the bottom of the tent. 11 - Abri suivant la reverdi cation 10, caractérisé en ce que les côtés latéraux des parois comportent successivement une partie rectiligne et une partie courbe, et sont constitués par des profils isométriques, à plat.11 - Shelter according to the greening 10, characterized in that the lateral sides of the walls successively comprise a rectilinear part and a curved part, and are formed by isometric profiles, flat. 12 - Abri suivant l'une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que les organes de redressement du sommet central sont des sangles fixées sur la toile au voisinage de l'extrémité des panneaux, prolongées au-delà de ces panneaux et munies d'un oeillet d'accrochage sur le piquet de support correspondant.12 - Shelter according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the straightening members of the central top are straps fixed on the canvas in the vicinity of the end of the panels, extended beyond these panels and provided with '' a hooking eyelet on the corresponding support post. 13 - Abri suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le piquet comporte une tête évasée et bombée qui s'emboîte dans lr sommet de l'auvent.13 - Shelter according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the stake has a flared and domed head which fits into the top of the awning.
EP80401175A 1979-08-14 1980-08-11 Collapsible linen cover, such as a shelter, tent or the like Withdrawn EP0024246A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR7920671A FR2463243A1 (en) 1979-08-14 1979-08-14 CANVASABLE CANVAS SHELTER, SUCH AS A ROOF, TENT OR THE LIKE
FR7920671 1979-08-14

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EP (1) EP0024246A1 (en)
AU (1) AU6134180A (en)
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ES252477Y (en) 1981-05-16
AU6134180A (en) 1981-02-19
ES252477U (en) 1980-11-16
FR2463243B1 (en) 1983-04-22
US4367761A (en) 1983-01-11
FR2463243A1 (en) 1981-02-20

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