DK168346B1 - Antenna construction with extendable antenna element - Google Patents
Antenna construction with extendable antenna element Download PDFInfo
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- DK168346B1 DK168346B1 DK049191A DK49191A DK168346B1 DK 168346 B1 DK168346 B1 DK 168346B1 DK 049191 A DK049191 A DK 049191A DK 49191 A DK49191 A DK 49191A DK 168346 B1 DK168346 B1 DK 168346B1
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- antenna
- antenna element
- transmission line
- tube
- rod
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
- H01Q1/244—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas extendable from a housing along a given path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
- H01Q1/10—Telescopic elements
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
i DK 168346 B1in DK 168346 B1
Opfindelsen angår en antennekonstruktion, fortrinsvis til anvendelse i en mobiltelefon. Antennekonstruktionen er af den art, der omfatter et stavformet antenneelement, der kan forskydes mellem to stillinger.The invention relates to an antenna structure, preferably for use in a mobile telephone. The antenna structure is of the kind comprising a rod-shaped antenna element which can be displaced between two positions.
55
Idet udviklingen inden for mobiltelefoner medfører, at modellerne bliver mere håndterlige og samtidig gøres mindre, stiller forbrugerne efterhånden krav om, at en mobiltelefons antenne ikke må bidrage væsentligt til te-10 lefonens samlede størrelse. Dette er især tilfældet, når telefonen ikke anvendes til opkald. Samtidig skal det imidlertid fortsat være muligt, at modtage opkald udefra, selv om mobiltelefonen er i passiv tilstand.As the development in mobile phones makes the models more manageable and at the same time smaller, consumers are gradually demanding that a mobile phone's antenna must not contribute significantly to the overall size of the phone. This is especially the case when the phone is not being used for calls. At the same time, however, it should still be possible to receive outside calls, even if the mobile phone is in a passive state.
15 Det amerikanske patentskrift nr. 4 890 114 søger netop at overvinde disse problemer, ved at angive en antennekonstruktion med et udtrækkeligt antenneelement. Dette antenneelement kan forskydes mellem to yderstillinger, hvor det i en første og for telefonen aktiv stilling befinder 20 sig i hovedsagen uden for mobiltelefonens hus. I en anden og for mobiltelefonen passiv stilling, befinder en væsentlig del af antenneelementet sig inden for mobiltelefonens hus, hvorved kun den yderste, ledende spids rager uden for mobiltelefonens hus. I dette patent angives, at 25 dette er tilstrækkeligt for at opnå en forudbestemt modtagef ølsomhed. Det med antennens korte del modtagne signal vil imidlertid blive forstyrret af refleksioner fra den lange, indtrukne del af antennen. Dette reducerer således antennens modtagefølsomhed i mobiltelefonens pas-30 sive tilstand, hvorved modtageforholdene forringes.15 U.S. Patent No. 4,890,114 seeks precisely to overcome these problems by specifying an antenna structure with a retractable antenna element. This antenna element can be displaced between two outer positions where in a first position and for the telephone active position 20 is substantially outside the housing of the mobile phone. In another and passive position for the mobile phone, a substantial portion of the antenna element is within the mobile phone housing, whereby only the outermost conductive tip protrudes outside the mobile phone housing. This patent states that this is sufficient to achieve a predetermined susceptibility. However, the signal received by the antenna short portion will be disturbed by reflections from the long retracted portion of the antenna. This thus reduces the antenna's receiving sensitivity in the passive state of the mobile phone, thereby deteriorating the reception conditions.
Andre har forsøgt at kompensere for denne uheldige kobling mellem den del af antenneelementet, der er ført ind i mobiltelefonens hus og den del, der rager uden for hu-35 set for at opfange eventuelle opkald. Dette er gjort ved, at antennen er opdelt i to separate antenneelementer, der er anbragt i forlængelse af hinanden og er indbyrdes iso- DK 168346 B1 2 lerede. Et relativt kort antenneelement i antennens yderste ende bibringer så overvågningsfunktionen i mobiltelefonens passive tilstand, mens et længere antenneelement bibringer antennefunktionen ved mobiltelefonens aktive 5 tilstand. Dette har den ulempe, at selve antennen rager længere ud fra mobiltelefonens hus, når mobiltelefonen er i aktiv tilstand, da den yderste del af antennen ikke bidrager til udstrålingen, men er isoleret fra den aktive del af antennen, og således blot kan betragtes som væ-10 rende "dummy" i denne tilstand.Others have attempted to compensate for this unfortunate coupling between the portion of the antenna element inserted into the cell phone housing and the portion extending beyond the housing to intercept any calls. This is done in that the antenna is divided into two separate antenna elements which are arranged in succession and are mutually insulated. A relatively short antenna element at the extreme end of the antenna then provides the monitoring function in the passive state of the mobile phone, while a longer antenna element imparts the antenna function at the active state of the mobile phone. This has the disadvantage that the antenna itself protrudes farther from the cell phone housing when the mobile phone is in active state, since the outermost part of the antenna does not contribute to the radiation, but is isolated from the active part of the antenna and thus can only be considered as -10 running "dummy" in this state.
Opfindelsen har til formål at angive en antennekonstruktion af den i indledningen angivne art, hvor et antenneelement kan forskydes mellem to yderstillinger, hvilken 15 antennekonstruktion skal være indrettet til at kunne modtage opkald i begge disse stillinger, uden at den i sen-de/modtageenheden indførte antennedel forstyrrer den aktive del af antennen.The invention has for its object to provide an antenna structure of the kind specified in the preamble, wherein an antenna element can be displaced between two outer positions, which antenna structure must be arranged to be able to receive calls in both of these positions, without introducing it into the transmitting / receiving unit. antenna part interferes with the active part of the antenna.
20 Dette formål opnås med den i krav l's kendetegnende del angivne antennekonstruktion. Antenneelementets længde afstemmes, så den del, der føres ind i sende/modtageenhe-dens hus fungerer som en koaksial transmissionslinie med en høj impedans set fra fødepunktet for den korte, aktive 25 del af antenneelementet.This object is achieved with the antenna construction specified in claim 1. The length of the antenna element is adjusted so that the portion inserted into the transmitter / receiver unit housing acts as a coaxial transmission line with a high impedance seen from the feed point of the short active portion of the antenna element.
Som angivet i krav 2, kan den elektriske længde af antenneelementet afstemmes, så den lange, indførte del af antenneelementet svarer til en åben halvbølgetransmis-30 sionslinie. Krav 3 angiver en alternativ udførelsesform, hvor den indførte del er udformet som en kvartbølgetrans-missionslinie, der er kortsluttet. Dette kan eksempelvis realiseres ved, at der i en afstand fra antennens fødepunkt svarende til en kvart bølgelængde monteres en gli-35 demuffe, der kan etablere en elektrisk kortslutning mellem antenneelementet og det koaksialt anbragte ledende rør. Herved vil impedansen af den del af antenneelemen- DK 168346 B1 3 tet, der er optaget i sende/modtageenhedens hus have en høj impedans set fra antennens fødepunkt. I indskubbet stilling, vil den i huset optagne del således ikke påvirke den relativt korte del, der rager uden for huset.As set forth in claim 2, the electrical length of the antenna element can be tuned so that the long inserted portion of the antenna element corresponds to an open half-wave transmission line. Claim 3 indicates an alternate embodiment, wherein the introduced portion is configured as a quarter-wave transmission line that is short-circuited. This can be realized, for example, by installing a sliding sleeve at a distance from the antenna feed point corresponding to a quarter wavelength, which can establish an electrical short circuit between the antenna element and the coaxially arranged conductive tube. In this way, the impedance of the part of the antenna element recorded in the housing of the transmitting / receiving unit will have a high impedance as seen from the antenna's feed point. Thus, in the pushed-in position, the portion received in the housing will not affect the relatively short portion projecting outside the housing.
55
Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere i forbindelse med foretrukne udførelsesformer og under henvisning til tegningen, hvor: 10 fig. 1 viser princippet for en foretrukken udførelsesform for en antennekonstruktion ifølge opfindelsen, hvor antennen befinder sig i udtrukket stilling, fig. 2 viser den i fig. 1 viste antennekonstruktion, med 15 antenneelementet i indført stilling, fig. 3 viser et ækvivalentdiagram for den i fig. 1 viste antennekonstruktion, samt tilpasningen af denne, 20 fig· 4 viser en alternativ udførelsesform for en antennekonstruktion ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 5 viser, hvorledes den i fig. 1 viste antennekonstruktion kan realiseres i praksis, og 25 fig. 6 viser skematisk hvorledes en alternativ udførelsesform med et forkortet antenneelement kan realiseres.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained in more detail in connection with preferred embodiments and with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows the principle of a preferred embodiment of an antenna structure according to the invention, wherein the antenna is in the extended position; 2 shows the one in FIG. 1, with the antenna element in the inserted position, FIG. 3 shows an equivalent diagram of the one shown in FIG. 1, and the adaptation thereof, FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of an antenna structure according to the invention; FIG. 5 shows how the embodiment of FIG. 1 antenna construction can be realized in practice, and FIG. 6 shows schematically how an alternative embodiment with a shortened antenna element can be realized.
Principperne ved en foretrukken udførelsesform for opfin-30 delsen er vist i fig. 1 og 2, hvor antennekonstruktionen omfatter et antenneelement 1, der kan forskydes mellem to yderstillinger. Den ene er vist i fig. 1 og antenneelementet 1 er her trukket ud af mobiltelefonens hus, hvorved mobiltelefonen kan sende med maximal effekt og modta-35 ge med maximal følsomhed, hvorved mobiltelefonen er i stand til at opfylde de af myndighederne for godkendelse til NMT-systemet stillede krav. På fig. 2, ses hvorledes DK 168346 B1 4 antenneelementet: 1 er ført ind i mobiltelefonens hus (der ikke er vist på figurerne) og optaget i et elektrisk ledende rør 2, hvorved dette rør 2 danner en koaksial transmissionslinie sammen med antenneelementet 1. Anten-5 neelementet 1 er i sit fødepunkt elektrisk koblet til mobiltelefonens ikke-viste sende/modtagedele gennem et koaksial kabel 4, hvis centerleder er forbundet til et koaksialt med antenneelementet 1 anbragt rørstykke 3, der kobler til antenneelementet 1 gennem en kapacitiv kob-10 ling. Rørstykket 3 er elektrisk isoleret fra røret 2, der er forbundet med jord, hvilket ved den foretrukne udførelsesform sker gennem koaksialkablet 41 s skærm eller yderleder. Herved kan højfrekvenssignalet tilkobles antenneelementet 1 uden anvendelse af fysiske kontaktarran-15 gementer.The principles of a preferred embodiment of the invention are shown in FIG. 1 and 2, wherein the antenna structure comprises an antenna element 1 which can be displaced between two outer positions. One is shown in FIG. 1 and the antenna element 1 are here pulled out of the housing of the mobile phone, whereby the mobile phone can transmit with maximum power and receivers with maximum sensitivity, whereby the mobile telephone is able to meet the requirements set by the approval authority for the NMT system. In FIG. 2, it is seen how DK 168346 B1 4 antenna element: 1 is inserted into the housing of the mobile phone (not shown in the figures) and accommodated in an electrically conductive tube 2, whereby this tube 2 forms a coaxial transmission line together with the antenna element 1. Antenna-5 the neel element 1 is electrically coupled to its non-shown transmit / receive parts of the mobile phone through a coaxial cable 4, the center conductor of which is connected to a coaxial tube piece 3 arranged with the antenna element 1, which connects to the antenna element 1 through a capacitive coupling. The pipe piece 3 is electrically insulated from the pipe 2, which is connected to ground, which in the preferred embodiment takes place through the screen or outer conductor of the coaxial cable 41. Hereby, the high frequency signal can be coupled to the antenna element 1 without the use of physical contact arrangements.
Som det ses af fig. 1 og 2, er antenneelementet 1 afsluttet med en spole 5. Ved den foretrukne udførelsesform er den fra røret 2 udragende del af antenneelementet 1 i 20 mobiltelefonens passive tilstand kortere end en kvart bølgelængde. En sådan antenne er kapacitiv, og kan f.eks. afstemmes ved hjælp af en forlængerspole anbragt i midten eller i toppen af antenne. Anvendelse af en topspole er mest praktisk, da den kan skjules og beskyttes i en an-25 tenneknop, som det vil blive forklaret i forbindelse med fig. 5.As seen in FIG. 1 and 2, the antenna element 1 is terminated by a coil 5. In the preferred embodiment, the portion of the antenna element 1 projecting from the tube 2 in the passive state of the mobile telephone is shorter than a quarter of a wavelength. Such an antenna is capacitive, and may e.g. is tuned using an extension coil located in the center or at the top of the antenna. Use of a top coil is most convenient as it can be concealed and protected in an ignition switch, as will be explained in connection with FIG. 5th
Når antennen er fuldt udtrukket, vil den have en længde + I^, der eksempelvis kan være 5/8 bølgelængde eller 30 3/4 bølgelængde. Ved en samlet antennelængde på 5/8 bøl gelængde, vil antennen have en kapacitiv impedans og kan derfor afstemmes med en seriespole. Ved den foretrukne udførelsesform foretrækkes et antenneelement med en samlet længde på 3/4 bølgelængde, hvorved antenneimpedansen 35 i hovedsagen vil være reel, hvorfor der ikke er behov for et afstemningsled i antennekonstruktionen. Denne antenne vil i udtrukket stilling have strømmaximum ved fødepunk- DK 168346 B1 5 tet.When the antenna is fully extended, it will have a length + 1 ^ which may be, for example, 5/8 wavelength or 3/4 wavelength. At a total antenna length of 5/8 wavelength, the antenna will have a capacitive impedance and can therefore be tuned with a series coil. In the preferred embodiment, an antenna element having a total length of 3/4 wavelength is preferred, whereby the antenna impedance 35 will generally be real, so that a tuning link is not needed in the antenna construction. This antenna will have a current maximum at the extended point at the feed point DK 168346 B1.
Anvendelse af udtrykket kort og lang antenne vil i det efterfølgende referere til den aktive del af antennen, 5 når mobiltelefonen henholdsvis er i passiv og aktiv tilstand .The use of the term short and long antenna will hereafter refer to the active part of the antenna 5 when the mobile phone is in the passive and active state respectively.
Det vil, som det vil fremgå af det følgende, være ønskeligt, at den korte antennedels fødeimpedans er lav, og 10 det vil foretrækkes, at afstemningen udføres med topspolen som tidligere nævnt. Den lange antenne er ved den foretrukne udførelsesform valgt præcis 1/2 bølgelængde længere end den korte antenne og afstemmes med samme topspole. Der er således ikke behov for et afstemningsled i fø-15 depunktet. Den lange antenne vil uden brug af isolering have en elektrisk længde, der svarer til den fysiske længde. Et elektrisk ækvivalentdiagram for antennekonstruktionen ifølge den foretrukne udførelsesform, når antenneelementet 1 er ført ind i røret 2, så kun spidsen 20 rager ud, er vist i fig. 3. Den korte antenne afstemmes som tidligere nævnt med en topspole 5, hvis fysiske ud-forming er vigtig, da spolen ikke fungerer som et simpelt impedans-transformationsled, men som en del af antenne-stråleren, der, som følge af spiraliseringen, har en læn-25 gere elektrisk end fysisk længde. Set fra antennens fodpunkt A, vil antennen have en lav impedans, mens impedansen af den i røret optagne antennedel med en længde svarende til 1/2 bølgelængde, vil være høj. Som det ses, er der ikke andre tilpasningsled til stede i antennekon-30 struktionen.It will be desirable, as will be apparent from the following, that the short impedance feed impedance is low and it is preferable that the tuning be performed with the top coil as previously mentioned. In the preferred embodiment, the long antenna is chosen exactly 1/2 wavelength longer than the short antenna and is aligned with the same top coil. Thus, there is no need for a polling point in the feed point. The long antenna will have an electrical length corresponding to the physical length without the use of insulation. An electrical equivalent diagram of the antenna structure of the preferred embodiment when the antenna element 1 is inserted into the tube 2 so that only the tip 20 protrudes is shown in FIG. 3. As mentioned earlier, the short antenna is aligned with a top coil 5, the physical design of which is important since the coil does not act as a simple impedance transform but as part of the antenna beam which, due to the spiralization, has a longer electrical than physical length. From the point of view of the antenna of the antenna, the antenna will have a low impedance, while the impedance of the antenna part recorded in the tube with a length corresponding to 1/2 wavelength will be high. As can be seen, no other fitting links are present in the antenna structure.
Når antenneelementet er skubbet ind i apparatet, vil en del med længden være optaget i et tyndt og fortrinsvis cylindrisk metalrør, for derved at optage så lidt plads i 35 apparatet som muligt. Antenneelementet kan vælges efter de krav, der stilles til dets funktion og vil fortrinsvis være en ubrudt metaltråd med en vis fleksibilitet. Idet DK 168346 B1 6 den indskubbede del af metaltråden er udformet med en elektrisk længde på 1/2 bølgelængde og sammen med røret 2 danner en åben koaksial halvbølgetransmissionslinie, vil impedansen set fra fodpunktet være høj, hvorfor den korte 5 antennedel med lav impedans ikke påvirkes. For at udnytte dette princip maximalt fødes den korte antenne i et strømmaximum.When the antenna element is pushed into the apparatus, a portion of its length will be accommodated in a thin and preferably cylindrical metal tube, thereby taking up as little space in the apparatus as possible. The antenna element may be selected according to the requirements set for its function and will preferably be an unbroken metal wire with some flexibility. As DK 168346 B1 6 the pushed-in part of the metal wire is designed with an electrical length of 1/2 wavelength and together with the tube 2 forms an open coaxial half-wave transmission line, the impedance seen from the footpoint will be high, so the short 5 antenna part with low impedance is not affected . To take full advantage of this principle, the short antenna is fed into a current maximum.
Et alternativ til den ovenfor nævnte åbne halvbølgetrans-10 missionslinie er at udforme den koaksiale transmissionslinie som en kortsluttet kvartbølgetransmissionslinie. Dette realiseres ved, at der i en afstand fra fødepunktet svarende til en kvart bølgelængde anbringes en slæbekontakt 6 i røret 2, hvilket er vist på fig. 4. Den i røret 15 2 indførte del vil, set fra fødepunktet have en høj impe dans og dermed ikke påvirke den korte antennes funktion. Denne høje impedans vil være uafhængig af den del af antenneelementet, der befinder sig nedenfor slæbekontakten 6, hvorfor man frit kan vælge den fysiske længde af den 20 indskubbede del. Antenneelementet kan f.eks. være udformet som et elastisk element, hvis ende· er forbundet til f.eks. en motor, så antenneelementet automatisk kan føres ind og ud af mobiltelefonens hus under styring af brugeren.An alternative to the above-mentioned open half-wave transmission line is to design the coaxial transmission line as a short-circuited quarter-wave transmission line. This is realized by placing a tow contact 6 in the tube 2 at a distance from the feed point corresponding to a quarter wavelength, as shown in FIG. 4. The portion inserted in the tube 15 2, as seen from the feed point, will have a high impingance and thus not affect the function of the short antenna. This high impedance will be independent of the part of the antenna element which is below the tow contact 6, so that the physical length of the pushed-in part can be freely chosen. The antenna element may e.g. be designed as an elastic member whose end · is connected to e.g. a motor so that the antenna element can be automatically fed in and out of the cell phone housing under the control of the user.
2525
Den del af antenneelementet, der befinder sig i røret 2, vil have samme elektriske og fysiske længde, når antenneelementet ikke er omgivet af et dielektrisk materiale.The portion of the antenna element located in the tube 2 will have the same electrical and physical length when the antenna element is not surrounded by a dielectric material.
Hvis antenneelementet omgives af dielektrikum, vil den 30 fysiske længde være lig med den elektrisk længde multipliceret med kvadratroden af den effektive dielektricitetskonstant. Dette er givet ved følgende udtryk: l2 = O'/ZH'eff)172 35 hvor eef£ findes fra udtrykket: DK 168346 B1 7 eeff = ln(r2/r^er^^ln^rl/r^ + erln(r2/r)^ 2' hvor r2 er radius af røret 2, 5 r er radius af antenneelementet 1, r1 er radius af det dielektrikum, der omgiver antenneelementet 1, og 10 e er den relative dielektricitetskonstant for dielektri-r kumet.If the antenna element is surrounded by dielectric, the physical length will be equal to the electrical length multiplied by the square root of the effective dielectric constant. This is given by the following expression: l2 = O '/ ZH'eff) 172 35 where eef £ is found from the expression: DK 168346 B1 7 eeff = ln (r2 / r ^ is ^^ ln ^ rl / r ^ + erln (r2 / r) ^ 2 'where r2 is the radius of the tube 2, 5 r is the radius of the antenna element 1, r1 is the radius of the dielectric surrounding the antenna element 1, and 10 e is the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric chamber.
Fig. 5 viser en mulig opbygning af en antennekonstruktion ifølge opfindelsen, hvor antennekonstruktionen her omfat-15 ter et antenneelement 1, der omfatter en stav 28 af ledende materiale, der er beklædt med et isoleringslag 29, der f.eks. kan være plast. I toppen af antenneelementet, er der tilvejebragt en knop 30, der indeholder den tidligere omtalte forlængerspole 31. Antenneelementet 1 er 20 næsten trukket helt ud af mobiltelefonens hus, idet antenneelementet 1 kan forskydes igennem en åbning i en væg 10 i nævnte hus. Antennekonstruktionen er forbundet til sende/modtageenheden i mobiltelefonen gennem et koaksial-kabel 20, hvis yderleder 21 er fastgjort til en ring 25, 25 der gennem en forbindelsesdel 26 forbinder yderlederen 21 til et rør 27, der er indrettet til at optage antenneelementet 1, når det føres ind i mobiltelefonens hus. Koak-sialkablet 20's inder leder 23, der er isoleret fra yderlederen 21 gennem isolationen 22, er gennem en anden for-30 bindelsesdel 24 forbundet til det i fig. 1 viste kapaci-tive koblingsrør, der f.eks. kan have form som det tilsvarende i fig. 5 viste koblingsrør 17. Koblingsrøret 17 tjener som tidligere beskrevet til at overføre elektromagnetisk energi til antenneelementet 1, men er her også 35 udformet, så det har til funktion at styre antenneelementet l's bevægelser i forhold til røret 27. Derfor er koblingsrøret 17 udformet med skuldre, der gennem en isole- DK 168346 B1 8 ringsring 14 ligger an mod den indvendige side af husvæggen 10. Den udfra huset ragende del af koblingsrøret 17 tjener som fastgørelsesdel og er derfor forsynet med et udvendigt gevind, ved hjælp af hvilket koblingsrøret 17 5 fikseres i forhold til huset ved tilspænding med en møtrik 15. Antenneelementet 1 er således indrettet til forskydeligt at kunne optages i koblingsrøret 17, hvor en tætningsring 16 sikrer, at der ved forskydning af antenneelementet 1 ikke føres vand ind i røret 27. Den indven-10 dige del af fastgørelsesdelen på koblingsrøret 17 er udformet, så antenneelementet 1 tillades en vis tværgående bevægelse. Antenneelementet 1 er i bunden forsynet med et modhold 19, der, når antenneelementet trækkes ud i udtrukket stilling, bringes til at ligge an mod koblings-15 røret 17's ende. Herved forhindres, at antenneelementet 1 føres helt ud af mobiltelefonens hus.FIG. 5 shows a possible structure of an antenna structure according to the invention, wherein the antenna structure here comprises an antenna element 1 comprising a rod 28 of conductive material coated with an insulating layer 29, e.g. can be plastic. At the top of the antenna element, a knob 30 is provided containing the previously mentioned extension coil 31. The antenna element 1 is almost completely pulled out of the housing of the mobile phone, the antenna element 1 being displaceable through an opening in a wall 10 in said housing. The antenna assembly is connected to the transmit / receive unit of the mobile phone through a coaxial cable 20, the outer conductor 21 of which is attached to a ring 25, 25 which, through a connecting portion 26, connects the outer conductor 21 to a tube 27 adapted to receive the antenna element 1 when it is brought into the cell phone's house. The inner conductor 23 of the coaxial cable 20, which is insulated from the outer conductor 21 through the insulation 22, is connected through a second connecting member 24 to that of FIG. 1, shown in FIG. may have a shape similar to that of FIG. 5, the coupling tube 17 serves as previously described for transmitting electromagnetic energy to the antenna element 1, but is also here designed to control the movements of the antenna element 1 relative to the tube 27. Therefore, the coupling tube 17 is designed with shoulders which, through an insulating ring 14, abuts the inner side of the housing wall 10. The part of the coupling tube 17 projecting from the housing serves as a fastening part and is therefore provided with an external thread by means of which the coupling tube 17 is fixed. relative to the housing by tightening with a nut 15. The antenna element 1 is thus arranged to be slidably accommodated in the coupling tube 17, where a sealing ring 16 ensures that, when displacing the antenna element 1, no water is introduced into the tube 27. The internal 10 This part of the fastening part of the coupling tube 17 is designed so that the antenna element 1 is allowed some transverse movement. The antenna element 1 is provided at the bottom with a counter support 19 which, when the antenna element is pulled out in the extended position, is brought into contact with the end of the coupling tube 17. This prevents the antenna element 1 from being completely extended out of the housing of the mobile phone.
Den i fig. 5 illustrerede antennekonstruktion har en total længde på 3/4 bølgelængde, hvilket ved anvendelse i 20 forbindelse med et NMT-system, medfører en total længde på ca. 20 cm. Den lange antenne (når mobiltelefonen er i aktiv tilstand) vil således være 3/4 bølgelængde lang (incl. topspole). Den korte antenne (når mobiltelefonen er i passiv tilstand) vil være en kvartbølgeantenne med 25 topspole, mens den indførte del af antenneelementet vil fungere som en halvbølgeresonator i røret 27. Der kræves intet afstemningsled til denne antennekonstruktion. Længden af rørdelen 17 vil typisk være i størrelsesordenen 25-50 mm.The FIG. 5 illustrated antenna construction has a total length of 3/4 wavelength which, when used in conjunction with an NMT system, results in a total length of approx. 20 cm. The long antenna (when the mobile phone is in active mode) will thus be 3/4 wavelength long (incl. Top coil). The short antenna (when the mobile phone is in the passive state) will be a quarter-wave antenna with 25 top coils, while the inserted portion of the antenna element will act as a half-wave resonator in tube 27. No tuning link is required for this antenna construction. The length of the pipe portion 17 will typically be in the order of 25-50 mm.
3030
Som omtalt i forbindelse med fig. 4, kan den i fig. 5 viste antennekonstruktion modificeres ved, at der indvendig i røret 27 anbringes en glidekontakt, der så anbringes i en afstand svarende til 1/4 bølgelængde fra anten-35 nens fødepunkt. Den lange antenne vil også her være udformet med en længde på 3/4 bølgelængde (incl. topspole), hvilket svarer til ca. 20 cm. Den korte antenne vil være DK 168346 B1 9 en kvartbølgeantenne med topspole, hvor den i røret 27 optagne del af antenneelementet vil fungere som en kvart-bølgeresonator. For at opnå elektrisk kontakt mellem gli-dekontakten 6 (fig. 4) og den ledende del af antenneele-5 mentet 1, må antenneelementet imidlertid blotlægges for isolation, i det mindste i en del af sin længderetning.As discussed in connection with FIG. 4, the one shown in FIG. 5 is modified by inserting a sliding contact inside the tube 27 which is then placed at a distance corresponding to 1/4 wavelength from the antenna feed point. The long antenna will here also be designed with a length of 3/4 wavelength (incl. Top coil), which corresponds to approx. 20 cm. The short antenna will be a quarter-wave antenna with top coil, where the portion of the antenna element included in the tube 27 will act as a quarter-wave resonator. However, in order to obtain electrical contact between the sliding contact 6 (Fig. 4) and the conductive portion of the antenna element 1, the antenna element must be exposed for isolation, at least in part of its longitudinal direction.
Ved den første af de to ovenstående udførelsesformer, blev det forudsat, at tykkelsen af isolationsmaterialela-10 get 29 var lille i forhold til radius af røret 27. Ved at øge tykkelsen af isolationsmaterialelaget for den i fig.In the first of the two above embodiments, it was assumed that the thickness of the insulating material layer 29 was small relative to the radius of the tube 27. By increasing the thickness of the insulating material layer for the one shown in FIG.
5 viste antennekonstruktion, kan man opnå, at antenneelementets fysiske længde kan reduceres, samtidig med at dets elektriske længde opretholdes. Man kan således af-15 passe de forskellige radier i forhold til den effektive dielektricitetskonstant ifølge udtryk 2, og opnå, at man kan anvende et antenneelement 1 med en fysisk længde på f.eks. 16 cm. Den lange antenne vil således være 5/8 bølgelængder lang, mens den korte antenne fortsat vil være 20 en kvartbølgeantenne med topspole, hvor den i røret 27 optagne del af antenneelementet vil udgøre en forkortet halvbølgeresonater. Nu vil der imidlertid være behov for et afstemningsled mellem koaksialkablet 20's centerleder 23 og forbindelsesdelen 24. Dette led skal kunne skiftes 25 ind og ud af vejen for højfrekvenssignalerne i afhængighed af mobiltelefonens tilstand.5, the physical length of the antenna element can be reduced while maintaining its electrical length. Thus, one can adjust the different radii with respect to the effective dielectric constant of expression 2, and obtain that one can use an antenna element 1 with a physical length of e.g. 16 cm. Thus, the long antenna will be 5/8 wavelengths long, while the short antenna will continue to be a quarter-wave antenna with top coil, where the portion of the antenna element included in the tube 27 will constitute a shortened half-wave resonator. However, a tuning link will now be needed between the center conductor 23 of the coaxial cable 20 and the connection portion 24. This link must be capable of shifting 25 in and out of the path of the high frequency signals depending on the condition of the mobile phone.
Fig. 6 viser hvorledes en sådan antennekonstruktion kan realiseres. På fig. 6 er kun medtaget de allermest nød-30 vendige dele for at illustrere princippet. Mobiltelefonens hus har en væg 110 med en åbning, hvori et koblingsrør 117 er anbragt. I koblingsrøret 117, kan antenneelementet 1, der består af en ledende del 128 med omgivende isoleringsmateriale 129, forskydes mellem to yderstil-35 linger. I forlængelse af antenneelementets ledende del 128, er der anbragt en permanent magnet 140. Denne magnet 140 bidrager ikke til antennens udstrålingsfunktion, og DK 168346 B1 10 er således isoleret fra det ledende antenneelement 128. Magneten 140 bidrager, som det vil blive forklaret senere, til ind- og udkobling af et antenneafstemningsled. Antenneelementet er indrettet til at kunne optages i et 5 elektrisk ledende rør 127, der er forbundet til jord via et koaksialkabel 120's yderleder 122. Koaksialkablet 120 tilkobler højfrekvenssignalet til antenneelementet 1 gennem koblingsrøret 117, som gennem afstemningsledet er forbundet til koaksialkablet 120's centerleder 123. Mel-10 lem koaksialkablet 120 og koblingsrøret 117, er der tilvejebragt et antenneafstemningsled, der omfatter en til koaksialkablet 120's centerleder 123 forbunden induktans Lgl, der igen er forbundet til henholdsvis jord gennem en anden induktans og til koblingsrøret 117 gennem en 15 tredie induktans L^. Parallelt over den første induktans Lg^, er der anbragt en Reedkontakt bestående af en kontaktdel 142 og en permanent magnet 141. Som det ses, har de to magneter 140 og 141 modsat polaritet. Herved sikres det, at kontakten 142 sluttes, når antennen føres ind i 20 mobiltelefonens hus, idet magneten 140 føres væk fra kontakten. Dermed vil magneten 141 dominere Reedkontakten og sikre, at den er sluttet. Når antennen atter trækkes ud, bringes magneten 140 tæt på magneten 141, hvorved magnetfeltet, der påvirker kontaktelement 142, reduceres, som 25 følge af de to magneter 140 og 141's modsatte polaritet. Herved afbrydes kontakten 142. Serieinduktansen di mensioneres, så antenneelementet, der er 5/8 bølgelængder langt, afstemmes i udtrukken stilling. De øvrige afstemningsinduktanser Lg2 og Lg2 afstemmer henholdsvis uund-30 gåelige parallelkapaciteter og seriekapaciteten i koblingsrøret. Disse induktanser dimensioneres i overensstemmelse hermed.FIG. 6 shows how such an antenna construction can be realized. In FIG. 6 are included only the most essential parts to illustrate the principle. The housing of the mobile telephone has a wall 110 with an opening in which a coupling tube 117 is arranged. In the coupling tube 117, the antenna element 1, consisting of a conductive portion 128 with surrounding insulating material 129, can be displaced between two outer positions. In extension of the conductive portion 128 of the antenna element, a permanent magnet 140 is provided. This magnet 140 does not contribute to the radiating function of the antenna, and DK 168346 B1 10 is thus isolated from the conductive antenna element 128. The magnet 140 contributes, as will be explained later, for switching on and off an antenna tuning link. The antenna element is arranged to be accommodated in an electrically conductive tube 127 connected to ground via the outer conductor 12 of a coaxial cable 120. The coaxial cable 120 connects the high frequency signal to the antenna element 1 through the coupling tube 117 which is connected through the tuning joint to the center conductor 12 of the coaxial cable 120. An antenna tuning link is provided which comprises an inductance Lg connected to the center conductor 123 of the coaxial cable 120, which in turn is connected to ground through a second inductance and to the coupling tube 117 through a third inductance L1, respectively. Parallel to the first inductance Lg, a Reed contact consisting of a contact portion 142 and a permanent magnet 141. is disposed. As can be seen, the two magnets 140 and 141 have opposite polarity. This ensures that the switch 142 is closed as the antenna is inserted into the housing of the mobile phone, the magnet 140 being moved away from the switch. Thus, magnet 141 will dominate the Reed switch and ensure it is closed. When the antenna is pulled out again, magnet 140 is brought close to magnet 141, thereby reducing the magnetic field affecting contact element 142, as a result of the opposite polarity of the two magnets 140 and 141. This switches off the switch 142. The series inductance is dimensioned so that the antenna element, which is 5/8 wavelengths long, is tuned in the extended position. The other tuning inductors Lg2 and Lg2 correspond to the inevitable parallel capacities and the serial capacities in the coupling tube, respectively. These inductances are dimensioned accordingly.
3535
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK049191A DK168346B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | Antenna construction with extendable antenna element |
| AU14529/92A AU1452992A (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | An antenna construction with an extensible antenna element |
| DE69201556T DE69201556T2 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | ANTENNA CONSTRUCTION WITH A EXTENDABLE ANTENNA ELEMENT. |
| AT92907567T ATE119318T1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | ANTENNA CONSTRUCTION WITH AN EXTENDABLE ANTENNA ELEMENT. |
| ES92907567T ES2071501T3 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | ANTENNA CONSTRUCTION WITH AN EXTENDABLE ANTENNA ELEMENT. |
| EP92907567A EP0576531B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | An antenna construction with an extensible antenna element |
| PCT/DK1992/000086 WO1992016980A1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1992-03-18 | An antenna construction with an extensible antenna element |
| GR950400839T GR3015692T3 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1995-04-04 | An antenna construction with an extensible antenna element. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK049191A DK168346B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | Antenna construction with extendable antenna element |
| DK49191 | 1991-03-19 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK49191D0 DK49191D0 (en) | 1991-03-19 |
| DK49191A DK49191A (en) | 1992-09-20 |
| DK168346B1 true DK168346B1 (en) | 1994-03-14 |
Family
ID=8094162
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK049191A DK168346B1 (en) | 1991-03-19 | 1991-03-19 | Antenna construction with extendable antenna element |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0576531B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE119318T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1452992A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69201556T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK168346B1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2071501T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3015692T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992016980A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2257835B (en) * | 1991-07-13 | 1995-10-11 | Technophone Ltd | Retractable antenna |
| JP2809365B2 (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1998-10-08 | エヌ・ティ・ティ移動通信網株式会社 | Portable radio |
| DE69409853T2 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1998-12-17 | Anten Corp., Chofu, Tokio | Antenna for a walkie-talkie |
| JP2520557B2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1996-07-31 | 日本電気株式会社 | Radio antenna |
| BR9405603A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1999-09-08 | Motorola Inc | Installation of antenna adapted for wireless communication device |
| EP0650282B1 (en) * | 1993-09-23 | 2001-10-24 | AT&T Corp. | Automatic telescopic antenna mechanism |
| IL110008A (en) * | 1994-06-13 | 1998-04-05 | Galtronics Ltd | Electrical antenna assembly and electrical device including same |
| GB2296603B (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1999-02-17 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Retractable top load antenna |
| US6008765A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1999-12-28 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Retractable top load antenna |
| FI97499C (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-12-27 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Double acting antenna |
| FI99219C (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-10-27 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Antenna that works in two frequency bands |
| US5812093A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1998-09-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna assembly for a wireless-communication device |
| SE507244C2 (en) * | 1996-08-29 | 1998-04-27 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Antenna device and method of portable radio equipment and method of providing such an antenna device |
| SE518575C2 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2002-10-22 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Sliding antenna with alternating electrical length |
| SE9802772D0 (en) * | 1998-08-19 | 1998-08-19 | Allgon Ab | Antenna device comprising sliding connector means |
| JP3347093B2 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2002-11-20 | 埼玉日本電気株式会社 | Portable wireless device and terminal matching switching method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4725845A (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1988-02-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Retractable helical antenna |
| JPS63173934U (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-11-11 | ||
| JP2756672B2 (en) * | 1987-12-25 | 1998-05-25 | 日本アンテナ株式会社 | Multi-frequency antenna |
| JPH01105237U (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-14 | ||
| US4847629A (en) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-07-11 | Alliance Research Corporation | Retractable cellular antenna |
-
1991
- 1991-03-19 DK DK049191A patent/DK168346B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-03-18 ES ES92907567T patent/ES2071501T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-18 DE DE69201556T patent/DE69201556T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-03-18 AU AU14529/92A patent/AU1452992A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-18 WO PCT/DK1992/000086 patent/WO1992016980A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-03-18 AT AT92907567T patent/ATE119318T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-03-18 EP EP92907567A patent/EP0576531B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-04-04 GR GR950400839T patent/GR3015692T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR3015692T3 (en) | 1995-07-31 |
| DK49191A (en) | 1992-09-20 |
| DE69201556T2 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
| EP0576531A1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| AU1452992A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| DE69201556D1 (en) | 1995-04-06 |
| EP0576531B1 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| ES2071501T3 (en) | 1995-06-16 |
| WO1992016980A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| ATE119318T1 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
| DK49191D0 (en) | 1991-03-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |