DK167067B1

DK167067B1 - MACHINE FOR PAINTING FRAMEWORK, PROCEDURE FOR TRANSPORTING AND ESTABLISHING MACHINE FOR RAILING FRAMEWORK AND PROCEDURE FOR ESTABLISHING FOUNDATION BASIS

Info

Publication number: DK167067B1
Application number: DK173489A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Ole Holm Lucassen; Finn Rasmussen
Original assignee: Aarsleff Per As
Priority date: 1989-04-11
Filing date: 1989-04-11
Publication date: 1993-08-23
Also published as: ES2021568A4; DK173489D0; ES2021568T3; ATE98724T1; DK0392310T3; EP0392310B1; EP0392310A3; DE69005175D1; DE69005175T2; EP0392310A2; DK173489A

Abstract

A machine for pile-driving comprises a driving chassis with wheels (5,6) for moving on railway or road, and an upper part (4) pivotally mounted about a swivel axis on the driving chassis. A mast (215) with slide guide for a ram mechanism (16) is connected to the upper part. The mast may be erected to substantially vertical position for the purpose of pile-driving and may be lowered into substantially horizontal position for the purpose of transport. According to the invention the mast is connected to the upper part of the machine by a telescopically extensible and contractible boom having a base part (228) being connected to the upper part of the machine by means of a hinge with axis at right angles to the swivel axis of the upper part, and a telescopically extensible part (229) connected to the base part, said part (229) being connected to the mast by a slide guide so that it is movable along the longitudinal axis of the mast retaining the angle between the axis of the mast and the extension axis of the boom. A very simple erection and dismantling of the mast is hereby achieved as well as the possibility of swivelling said mast through 180 DEG when the machine is standing on one half of a double track, without the mast thereby getting in the way of traffic on the neighbour track. The invention also relates to a method for transport and erection of such a machine and a method for placing of foundations next to a railway track.

Description

i DK 167067 B1in DK 167067 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en maskine til pæleramning, hvilken maskine transporteres på skinner og kan nedramme pæle fra en position på skinnerne. Opfindelsen angår også en fremgangsmåde til transport og opstilling af en sådan maskine og en fremgangsmåde til etabie-5 ring af et fundament ved et spor.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pile-hitting machine, which is transported on rails and can lower piles from a position on the rails. The invention also relates to a method for transporting and setting up such a machine and a method for establishing a foundation by a track.

Der anvendes langs jernbanespor et stort antal fundamenter til diverse udstyr, som anbringes tæt ved jernbanesporet. Til formål såsom signalmaster, master til forskellige elektriske ledninger og master til at bære køretråden ved elektrificerede baner kræves fundamenter af bety-10 delig størrelse på grund af de strenge krav til masternes stabilitet.A large number of foundations are used along various railway tracks for various equipment, which are placed close to the railway track. For purposes such as signal masts, masts for various electrical wiring and masts for carrying the driving wire at electrified tracks, foundations of considerable size are required due to the stringent requirements for the stability of the masts.

Der anvendes for eksempel fundamenter til master for køreledninger i størrelser op til 1,2 tons og med en længde af op til 5,5 meter. Etablering af sådanne fundamenter repræsenterer en betydelig arbejdsopgave, dels ved nyanlæg, men også i forbindelse med renovering af eksisterende 15 anlæg såsom udskiftning af beskadigede fundamenter eller erstatning af eksisterende fundamenter med mere stabile fundamentstyper osv. Fundamenterne skal ofte etableres på steder, hvor terrænet skråner enten op eller ned i forhold til skinnerne, og pladsen kan være stærkt begrænset. Arbejdet vanskeliggøres endvidere af hensynet til, at jernbanetrafikken 20 skal kunne opretholdes med så små forsinkelser som muligt, og af hensynet til sikkerheden for mandskabet. Metoder, som er udviklet til mekaniseret etablering af fundamenter andre steder, kan sjældent anvendes langs banerne på grund af den snævre plads og de vanskelige adgangsforhold, og der anvendes derfor traditionelt fremgangsmåder med et stort 25 indhold af manuelt arbejde. De indebærer ofte støbning af fundamenterne på stedet, hvilket er en meget langsommelig proces, som kræver meget mandskab og mange forskellige slags udstyr på stedet og som kan være vanskelig at udføre til et tilfredsstillende resultat i tilfælde af ik-ke-optimale vejrforhold.For example, foundations are used for masts for overhead lines up to 1.2 tonnes and up to 5.5 meters in length. Establishing such foundations represents a significant task, partly in new plants, but also in the renovation of existing 15 plants, such as replacing damaged foundations or replacing existing foundations with more stable foundation types, etc. The foundations often need to be established in places where the terrain slopes either up or down relative to the rails, and space may be severely limited. The work is further hampered by the need for rail traffic 20 to be maintained with as little delays as possible and for the safety of the crew. Methods developed for mechanized establishment of foundations elsewhere can rarely be used along the lanes due to the narrow space and difficult access conditions, and therefore traditional methods with a high content of manual work are used. They often involve casting the foundations on site, which is a very slow process which requires a lot of manpower and many different types of equipment on site and which can be difficult to perform to a satisfactory result in the event of non-optimal weather conditions.

30 Det er til andre anvendelser kendt at præfabrikere betonpæle, der derpå transporteres ud til stedet og rammes ned. Herved er det muligt at fremstille betonpælene i god kvalitet på økonomisk måde og under helt kontrollerede forhold og indendørs, så produktionen kan gennemføres meget rationelt. Nedramningen af pælene på stedet kan mekaniseres i høj 35 grad og kan udføres forholdsvis hurtigt ved brug af specielt udviklede rammemaskiner. En sådan rammemaskine omfatter normalt et køretøj med en kraftkilde og et førerhus, hvortil der ér forbundet en mast med mægleren, dvs. gi ideføringen til hammermekanismen også kaldet ramslaget. Mas- 2 DK 167067 B1 ten har hejseværk til hammermekanismen og til at hejse pælen. Masten må have en betydelig længde, idet der skal være plads til hele pælen over jord og oven over pælen til rammemekanismen, der i sig selv kan have en højde af for eksempel 2 meter, og til hejseværk. Til pæle med længder af 5 størrelsesordenen 6 meter må der derfor anvendes master af en længde i størrelsesordenen 10 meter, og det er klart, at transport og opstilling af en sådan mast kan være en vanskelig opgave. Masten må i praksis transporteres liggende i horisontal stilling og må oprejses på rammestedet til stort set lodret stilling, hvilket ofte kræver en del montagear-10 bejde.30 For other applications, it is known to prefabricate concrete piles, which are then transported to the site and knocked down. This makes it possible to produce the concrete piles in good quality economically and under completely controlled conditions and indoors, so that production can be carried out very rationally. The piling of the piles on site can be mechanized to a high degree of 35 degrees and can be carried out relatively quickly using specially developed framing machines. Such a frame machine usually comprises a vehicle with a power source and a cab to which a mast is connected to the broker, ie. give the idea of the hammer mechanism also called the frame strike. The machine has hoists for the hammer mechanism and for hoisting the pole. The mast must be of considerable length, with space for the entire pile above ground and above the pile for the frame mechanism, which in itself can have a height of, for example, 2 meters, and for hoists. Therefore, for poles with lengths of the order of 6 meters, masts of a length of the order of 10 meters must be used, and it is clear that transporting and setting up such a mast can be a difficult task. In practice, the mast must be transported in a horizontal position and must be raised at the frame location to a substantially vertical position, which often requires some mounting work.

Der kendes en rammemaskine, hvor der på den krøjbare overdel er monteret en vandret udragende teleskopisk, forskydelig bom kaldet gejde-bommen, hvortil masten er hængselmonteret om en horisontal akse på en sådan måde, at den kan svinges om dette hængsel mellem sin horisontale 15 transportstilling og sin vertikale arbejdsstilling, idet masten afstøttes af to støttestag, som holder masten i området nær midten, og som er forankret foroven og bagtil på køretøjets krøjbare overdel. Der kræves stadig manuel indgriben for opstilling og nedtagning af masten, idet hejseværkerne til hammer og til pæl er monteret på maskinen så linerne, 20 som går fra maskinen og til mastetoppen, må fikseres, henholdsvis løsgøres, manuelt under disse operationer. Masten oprejses ved hydrauliske aktuatorer, og selve ramslaget drives hydraulisk, idet hydraulisk effekt overføres gennem slanger fra maskinen til masten og videre til rammemekanismen.A frame machine is known in which a horizontal projecting telescopic, slidable boom called the guide boom, on which the mast is hingedly mounted on a horizontal axis in such a way that it can be pivoted about this hinge between its horizontal transport position, is known. and its vertical working position, the mast being supported by two support stays which hold the mast in the area near the center and which are anchored to the top and rear of the vehicle's curved upper. Manual intervention is still required for the erection and removal of the mast, since the hoist and pile hoists are mounted on the machine so that the lines 20, which extend from the machine and to the mast, must be fixed or detached, respectively, during these operations. The mast is raised by hydraulic actuators and the frame stroke itself is hydraulically driven, with hydraulic power being transmitted through hoses from the machine to the mast and on to the frame mechanism.

25 Firmaet Atlas-Weyhausen i Delmenhorst, Vesttyskland, fremstiller en maskine, der kan køre på såvel vej som bane, og som kan bære og arbejde med en pælerammemekanisme. Dette køretøj omfatter en undervogn med gummihjul til kørsel på vej samt løstiøbende skinnehjul, der kan hæves og sænkes hydraulisk, således at køretøjet kan hæve sig op på disse hjul 30 for transport på bane. Køretøjet kan indstilles til kombineret understøtning på både skinnehjul og vejhjul, således at skinnehjulene holder det på sporet, mens vejhjulenes anlæg mod skinnerne sætter køretøjet i stand til at overføre og udnytte vejhjulenes normale fremdrivningskraft her. Hvis køretøjet skal forlade sporet, kan dette ske ved, at skinne-35 hjulene svinges op og fri af skinnerne, hvorefter det kan køre alene på gummihjul. Køretøjets overdel, hvori motoren og førerhuset er arrangeret, er monteret på kørechassiset, så den er svingbar omkring en vertikal akse kaldet krøjeaksen, som ligger i kørechassisets langsgående mid- 3 DK 167067 B1 terplan.25 The Atlas-Weyhausen company in Delmenhorst, West Germany, manufactures a machine that can run both on the road and on the track, and which can carry and work with a pile frame mechanism. This vehicle includes an undercarriage with rubber wheels for on-road driving as well as freely raised and hydraulically raised rail wheels so that the vehicle can be raised on these wheels 30 for transport on the track. The vehicle can be set for combined support on both rails and road wheels, so that the rails keep it on track while the road wheels' abutment against the rails enables the vehicle to transmit and utilize the normal propulsion power of the road wheels here. If the vehicle is to leave the track, this can be done by swinging the rails-35 wheels up and free of the rails, after which it can run alone on rubber wheels. The upper part of the vehicle, in which the engine and cab is arranged, is mounted on the driving chassis so that it is pivotable around a vertical axis called the bend axis, which lies in the longitudinal median plane of the driving chassis.

Maskinen kan monteres med mægler og ramslag til pæleramning, idet masten med mægleren da bæres af en gejdebom, der kan svinge om en vandret akse på maskinoverdelen, og hvor mægleren kan svinge i forhold til 5 gejdebommen om en akse parallel med den første akse. For transport vippes mægleren tilbage over maskinen, og gejdebommen rettes fremad nær vandret, men en lille smule skråt opad. Masten kan ved hydrauliske aktu-atorer rejses til arbejdsstillingen, hvor gejdebommen står skråt opad.The machine can be mounted with a broker and frame stroke for pole striking, the mast with the broker being then carried by a guide boom which can swing about a horizontal axis on the machine top and where the broker can swing relative to the guide boom about an axis parallel to the first axis. For transport, the broker is tilted back over the machine, and the guide bar is directed forward near the horizontal, but slightly inclined upwards. The mast can be raised by hydraulic actuators to the working position, where the guide boom is inclined upwards.

Når mægleren er monteret, kan den kun hæves og sænkes ved svingning af 10 gejdebommen, hvorved afstanden imellem maskinen og mægleren samtidig vil blive ændret. Idet placeringshøjden af masten normalt er bestemt, fordi masten støttes på jordoverfladen, kan det blive nødvendigt at flytte maskinen for at ramme en bestemt pæleposition. Hejseværkerne til hammer og pæl sidder på maskinoverdel en og det er derfor nødvendigt manuelt at 15 fiksere henholdsvis løsne linerne for opstilling henholdsvis nedtagning.Once the broker is mounted, it can only be raised and lowered by swinging the 10 guide boom, thereby altering the distance between the machine and the broker. Since the positioning height of the mast is usually determined because the mast is supported on the ground surface, it may be necessary to move the machine to hit a particular pile position. The hoist and pile hoists are located on the machine top one and it is therefore necessary to manually fix and detach the lines for erection and dismounting respectively.

For at kunne gennemføre transport og opstilling, uden at tyngdepunktet forskydes uacceptabelt, må gejdebommen med den valgte opstillingsgeometri være temmelig lang, og maskinen kan derfor vanskeligt arbejde med gejdebommen i vandret stilling, idet tyngdepunktet da kan kom-20 me for langt ud i forhold til maskinens understøtningsflade, selv når der er nedsat støtteben. Tænker man sig en maskine af denne art udrustet med en mast på 10 m's længde og anvendt til at arbejde stående på skinnerne på et sted, hvor der findes parallelt forløbende dobbeltspor i sædvanlig afstand, vil der være det problem, at masten ikke kan oprej-25 ses, når maskinen står på det ene spor uden at blokere også nabosporet.In order to be able to carry out transport and erection without undue displacement of the center of gravity, the guide boom with the chosen set-up geometry must be quite long, and the machine can therefore difficult to work with the guide boom in a horizontal position, since the center of gravity can reach too far out of relation to the support surface of the machine, even when there are reduced support legs. If you consider a machine of this kind equipped with a mast of 10 m in length and used to work standing on the rails in a place where parallel running double tracks are found at the usual distance, there will be the problem that the mast can not erect. 25 is seen when the machine is on one track without blocking also the neighboring track.

Masten kan nemlig ikke rejses op, mens maskinoverdel en er rettet på langs af sporet, idet undervognen da vil være i vejen for den nedad svingende ene ende af masten. Masten kan derfor ikke svinges opad, før maskinoverdelen er krøjet på tværs af sporet. Da dobbeltspor kan være 30 anlagt med en afstand af ned til 4,25 meter fra skinnemidte til skinnemidte, vil en mast på 10 meters længde herved komme til at rage ind over nabosporet. Omend maskinen i sig selv kan køre væk fra sporet, kan dette i praksis kun lade sig gøre, hvis der er jævn og meget fast grund at køre på, hvilket ikke kan påregnes på alle steder, hvor der ønskes 35 nedrammet pæle.The mast cannot be raised, while the machine upper one is aligned longitudinally of the track, since the undercarriage will be in the way of the downwardly swinging one end of the mast. Therefore, the mast cannot be swung upwards until the top of the machine is curved across the track. As the double track can be 30 laid with a distance of down to 4.25 meters from the rail center to the rail center, a mast of 10 meters length will thereby extend over the neighboring track. Although the machine itself can drive off the track, in practice this can only be done if there is smooth and very firm ground to drive, which cannot be expected in all places where 35 piles of frame are desired.

Den særlige geometri gør, at maskinen ikke kan magte en hensigtsmæssig justeringsfunktion, som ellers kan udføres af visse pæleramnings-maskiner, nemlig at rykke en pæl lidt til siden, mens den rammes, såle- 4 DK 167067 B1 des at man kan justere på en pæl, som i starten af ramningen måtte være kommet til at stå lidt forskudt i forhold til den ønskede position. Denne funktion må anses for nødvendig, hvis pæle skal kunne nedrammes i ikke-vandret underlag og med stor præcision. Denne kendte maskine anses 5 derfor ikke for praktisk anvendelig til at udføre nedramning af pæle fra en position stående på sporet.The special geometry means that the machine cannot perform an appropriate adjustment function, which can otherwise be performed by certain pile-hitting machines, namely to move a pile slightly to the side while it is being hit, so that it can be adjusted on a pole which at the beginning of the hit may have been slightly offset relative to the desired position. This function must be considered necessary if piles are to be able to be framed in non-horizontal substrate and with great precision. Therefore, this known machine 5 is not considered practically useful for carrying piles from a position standing on the track.

Det skal her erindres, at der til en maskine, som skal nedramme pæle fra en position stående på sporet, må stilles særlig store krav til hurtighed i arbejdet, herunder opstilling og nedtagning af masten, fordi 10 sportrafikken jo nødvendigvis må være indstillet, så længe maskinen arbejder.It should be remembered here that for a machine that has to knock down piles from a position standing on the track, special demands must be made for speed of work, including erection and dismounting of the mast, because the sports traffic must necessarily be set so long the machine works.

Ifølge opfindelsen tilvejebringes en maskine som angivet i den indledende del af krav 1, hvilken maskine er ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 angivne.According to the invention there is provided a machine as defined in the preamble of claim 1, which is characterized by the feature of the characterizing part of claim 1.

15 Der opnås herved en maskine, som selv i en udførelsesform med for holdsvis stor mast kan fremføres på jernbane og arbejde fra en position på sporet, og det opnås navnlig, at masten kan oprejses og nedfældes med maskinen stående på den ene del af et dobbeltspor, uden at den kommer i vejen for trafikken på den anden del af dobbeltsporet. Der opnås videre 20 en enkel op- og nedfældning af masten til pæleramningen, og der opnås en hensigtsmæssig indstillingsmulighed for masten, således at der kan rammes pælefundamenter ned i forskellige afstande fra sporet.Hereby a machine is obtained which, even in an embodiment with a relatively large mast, can be advanced by rail and work from a position on the track, and in particular the mast can be raised and folded with the machine standing on one part of a double track. , without getting in the way of traffic on the other part of the double track. Furthermore, a simple folding and folding of the mast for the pile frame is achieved, and an appropriate adjustment option for the mast is obtained, so that pile foundations can be struck down at different distances from the track.

Ifølge en hensigtsmæssig udførelsesform er spillene til ophejsning af pæl og af rammemekanisme monteret på den part af bommen, som er for-25 bundet med masten. Der opnås herved en stor lettelse ved op- og nedtagning af masten, idet det ikke som ved de kendte maskiner vil være nødvendigt at træffe særlige foranstaltninger til fastgøring eller løsgørelse af hejselinerne for op- og nedtagningsoperationer. Endvidere opnås, at sideforskydning af masten under en arbejdsoperation kan udføres, 30 uden at det påvirker hejseværkerne.According to a convenient embodiment, the pile lifting and frame lifting means are mounted on the part of the boom connected to the mast. Hereby, a great relief is obtained in the lifting and dismounting of the mast, as it will not be necessary, as with the known machines, to take special measures for fastening or loosening the hoisting lines for lifting and dismounting operations. Furthermore, during a work operation, lateral displacement of the mast can be accomplished without affecting the hoisting operations.

Ifølge hensigtsmæssige udførelsesformer af opfindelsen er styremidlerne til op- og nedtagningsoperationerne forsynet med en spærring, således at masten skal hæves en vis vinkel, før maskinoverdel en kan krø-jes, og så maskinoverdel en kun kan krøjes til den ene side for sporet.According to suitable embodiments of the invention, the control means for the pick-up and drop-off operations are provided with a locking so that the mast must be raised a certain angle before the machine upper one can be curved and so that the machine upper one can be curved only to one side of the track.

35 Den skrå vinkel afpasses således, at mastetoppen her er løftet så meget fri, at den ikke vil kunne komme i vejen for trafik på den anden halvdel af et dobbeltspor uanset krøjning af maskinoverdel en. Gennem sådanne spærreindretninger kan der opnås en særlig betjeningssikkerhed, som er 5 DK 167067 B1 hensigtsmæssig, hvor maskinen skal anvendes på den ene halvdel af et dobbeltspor til etablering af fundamenter på ydersiden af dobbeltsporet, mens der samtidig skal være mulighed for trafik på nabosporet. Samtlige arbejdsoperationer for pælerammemaskinen, dvs. pæleramning, transport og 5 op- eller nedtagning, kan herved udføres under sikkerhed for, at nabosporet holdes frit. Spærringen er naturligvis indrettet, så den valgfrit kan omstilles til den ene eller til den anden side under iagttagelse af passende fors i gti ghedsforanstal tn i nger.35 The inclined angle is adjusted so that the mast top here is lifted so much free that it will not be able to get in the way of traffic on the other half of a double track regardless of the bending of the machine upper one. Through such locking devices, a special operating safety can be obtained which is appropriate where the machine is to be used on one half of a double track for establishing foundations on the outside of the double track while at the same time allowing traffic on the neighboring track. All work operations for the pile frame machine, ie. pile-hitting, transport and 5 up or down can hereby be carried out under the guarantee that the neighboring track is kept free. The barrier is, of course, arranged so that it can be optionally switched to one side or the other, subject to appropriate tests in safety measures.

Ifølge opfindelsen tilvejebringes endvidere en fremgangsmåde til 10 transport og opstilling af en maskine til pæleramning som angivet i indledningen til krav 8, hvilken fremgangsmåde er ejenommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 8 angivne.The invention further provides a method of transporting and setting up a pile-hitting machine as set forth in the preamble of claim 8, which method is characterized by the characterizing portion of claim 8.

Herved opnås, at en maskine til pæleramning meget hensigtsmæssigt kan fremføres på jernbane og arbejde fra en position på sporet, og det 15 opnås navnlig, at masten kan oprejses og nedfældes med maskinen stående på den ene halvdel af et dobbeltspor, uden at den kommer i vejen for trafikken på den anden halvdel af dobbeltsporet.Hereby it is achieved that a pile-hitting machine can be very conveniently conveyed on rail and work from a position on the track, and in particular it is achieved that the mast can be raised and folded with the machine standing on one half of a double track without entering it. the way of traffic on the other half of the double track.

Ifølge opfindelsen tilvejebringes endvidere en fremgangsmåde som angivet i krav 9 til etablering af et fundament ved spor. Det opnås her-20 ved, at sådanne fundamenter kan etableres meget hurtigt og med et minimum af arbejde på stedet.The invention further provides a method as claimed in claim 9 for establishing a foundation by groove. It is achieved here-20 that such foundations can be established very quickly and with a minimum of on-site work.

I det følgende forklares opfindelsen nærmere under henvisning til udførelseseksempler vist på tegningen, hvor 25 fig. 1 viser maskinen som set på tværs af sporet og med mast og overdel i transportstillingen, fig. 2 viser maskinen set på tværs af sporet i et trin under oprejsning af masten til omtrent 50° fra vandret, fig. 3 viser i afbildning vinkelret på sporet maskinen i det sid-30 ste trin af masteoprejsningen og i arbejdsstilling, fig. 4 viser et planbi Ilede af maskinen i arbejdsstillingen, fig. 5 viser maskinen i udsnitsafbildning set på langs af sporet og i arbejdsstillingen og i større målestok end fig. 3, og fig. 6 viser maskinen i udsnitsafbildning set fra siden af sporet 35 og i arbejdsstillingen.In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows the machine as seen across the track and with the mast and upper part in the transport position; FIG. Figure 2 shows the machine seen across the track in a step during raising the mast to about 50 ° from the horizontal; Figure 3 is a view, perpendicular to the track, of the machine in the last step of the mast erection and in the working position; 4 shows a plan view of the machine in the working position, fig. 5 shows the machine in sectional view along the track and in the working position and on a larger scale than fig. 3, and FIG. 6 shows the machine in sectional view from the side of the track 35 and in the working position.

Der gøres opmærksom på, at figurerne ikke er mål faste og at de kun viser principielle detaljer, som er væsentlige for forklaring af opfin- DK 167067 Bl 6 del sen. I alle figurer er samme eller tilsvarende dele betegnet ved de samme henvisningstal.It is pointed out that the figures are not goal-fixed and that they only show principle details that are important for explaining the invention. In all figures, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Idet der først henvises til fig. 1, ses der her en maskine til pæ-leramning betegnet som helhed med henvisningstallet 1, hvilken maskine 5 omfatter et kørechassis 3 og en maskinoverdel 4. På kørechassiset 3 er der monteret gummihjul 6, som ved hjælp af ikke nærmere viste styre- og drivmidler sætter maskinen i stand til at køre på almindelig landevej. Kørechassiset 3 har endvidere i enderne løstløbende sporruller eller skinnehjul 5, som er monteret på svingarme 11, så de ved hjælp af styre-10 aktuatorer 9 kan hæves og sænkes i forhold til kørechassiset 3. Til kørsel på vej hæves skinnehjulene 5 helt op, hvorefter maskinen bæres af gummihjulene 6. I den anden retning kan skinnehjulene 5 sænkes så langt ned, at gummihjulene frigøres helt fra banen, hvorefter maskinen 1 kan slæbes. Til kørsel på bane indstilles skinnehjulene fortrinsvis således, 15 at maskinens vægt understøttes både af skinnehjulene 5 og af gummihjulene 6. Herved styres maskinen af sporet, dvs. den bevæger sig som et skinnekøretøj, mens gummihjulenes anlæg mod skinnerne giver tilstrækkelig friktion til, at maskinen kan udnytte gummihjulenes normale frem-drivningsmaskineri, og maskinen er således selvkørende.Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown a pile-hitting machine designated as a whole with reference numeral 1, which machine 5 comprises a driving chassis 3 and a machine upper 4. Rubber wheels 6 are mounted on the driving chassis 3, which by means of steering and driving means not shown in detail. enables the machine to run on regular roads. The driving chassis 3 furthermore has at its ends loosening track rollers or rail wheels 5, which are mounted on pivot arms 11, so that they can be raised and lowered by means of control 10 actuators 9 in relation to the driving chassis 3. For driving on the road, the rail wheels 5 are raised completely. the machine is carried by the rubber wheels 6. In the other direction, the rail wheels 5 can be lowered so far that the rubber wheels are released completely from the track, after which the machine 1 can be towed. For driving on track, the rail wheels are preferably adjusted such that the weight of the machine is supported by both the rail wheels 5 and by the rubber wheels 6. The machine is thus controlled by the track, ie. it moves like a rail vehicle while the abutment of the rubber wheels against the rails provides sufficient friction for the machine to utilize the normal propulsion machinery of the rubber wheels and the machine is thus self-propelled.

20 I maskinens overdel 4 findes maskinens drivmotor 7 og førerhuset 8, og der er indrettet øverste øjer 44 og nederste øjer 45 med vandrette, parallelle akser til at bære arbejdsudstyr. Motoren er forsynet med et ikke nærmere vist hydraulisk system, så den kan levere hydraulisk effekt til diverse manøvre- og arbejdsfunktioner. Maskinoverdel en 4 er 25 monteret på kørechassiset 3, så overdelen kan dreje eller krøje om en vertikal akse 13 ved hjælp af et kraftdrevet krøjeværk 14. Maskinen er forsynet med støtteben eller fødder 12, som er hævet i transportsituationen, og som kan nedsættes for at give maskinen stabil understøtning under arbejdsoperationerne. Øverst ses masten 215 med rammemekanismen 16, 30 som transporteres i stort set vandret stilling. Masten 215 omfatter en gi ideføring eller mægler 217 for rammemekanismen. Til venstre i fig. 1 ses mastetoppen 223 med linehjul 24. Mast og rammemekanisme bæres af gejdebommen 227, der omfatter en basispart 228, der kan svinge om en vandret akse 233, som er fast i forhold til maskinoverdelen 4 og en te-35 leskopisk udskydelig part 229, der er forbundet til mægleren 217 med gi ideføringer, som tilsammen danner bomslæden 203. Masten kan således forskydes i sin længderetning i forhold til gejdebommens udskydelige del 229, men kan ikke vippe i forhold hertil. Når masten er lagt ned som 7 DK 167067 B1 vist i fig. 1, ligger alt udstyret inden for det normale fritrumsprofil, som tillades for skinnekørende materiel. Maskinen kan på denne måde, og når støttebenene er hævet, fremføres til arbejdsstedet ad skinnerne, hvor den standses og fødderne 12 sættes ned på svellerne eller på jor-5 den, så maskinen får en stabil understøtning. Dette er situationen, som er vist i fig. 1.20 In the upper part 4 of the machine are the driving motor 7 of the machine and the cab 8, and there are arranged upper eyes 44 and lower eyes 45 with horizontal parallel axes for carrying work equipment. The engine is equipped with an unspecified hydraulic system, so that it can deliver hydraulic power for various maneuvering and working functions. Machine upper 4 is mounted on drive chassis 3 so that the upper can rotate or bend a vertical axis 13 by means of a power-driven turning 14. The machine is provided with support legs or feet 12 which are raised in the transport situation and which can be reduced to provide stable support for the machine during work operations. At the top, the mast 215 is seen with the frame mechanism 16, 30 which is carried in a substantially horizontal position. The mast 215 includes a guide or mediator 217 for the frame mechanism. To the left of FIG. 1, the mast top 223 is shown with line wheels 24. The mast and frame mechanism are carried by the guide boom 227, which comprises a base part 228 which can pivot about a horizontal axis 233 fixed relative to the machine top 4 and a telescopically extendable part 229 which is connected to the broker 217 by means of guides, which together form the boom slide 203. The mast can thus be displaced in its longitudinal direction with respect to the extendable part 229 of the guide boom, but cannot tilt in relation thereto. When the mast is laid down as shown in FIG. 1, all the equipment is within the normal clearance space allowed for rail-moving equipment. In this way, the machine can, and when the support legs are raised, be conveyed to the work place by the rails, where it is stopped and the feet 12 are lowered on the sleepers or on the ground, so that the machine receives a stable support. This is the situation shown in FIG. First

Ved hjælp af løftemekanismer, som skal forklares nærmere senere, hæves masten derpå fra den horisontale stilling og til den skrå stilling, som er vist punkteret i fig. 2, og som kan være for eksempel 50° 10 over vandret. Som det kan ses i fig. 2, kan masten ikke vippes ret meget længere, før maskinens kørechassis kommer i vejen for den nederste ende af masten. Maskinoverdel en med mast krøjes derpå fra retningen på langs ad sporet og ud til retning på tværs af sporet til den stilling, som er vist punkteret i fig. 3. Herefter kan masten hejses helt op til lodret 15 og eventuelt forskydes lidt op eller ned i højden, så opstillingen tilpasses til terrænet på stedet.By means of lifting mechanisms, which will be explained in greater detail later, the mast is then raised from the horizontal position to the oblique position shown in dot in FIG. 2, which may be, for example, 50 ° 10 above the horizontal. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the mast cannot be tilted for much longer until the machine chassis gets in the way of the lower end of the mast. Machine top one with mast is then curved from the direction along the track and out to the transverse direction to the position shown in dotted line in FIG. 3. After this, the mast can be raised all the way up to vertical 15 and optionally shifted slightly up or down in height so that the alignment is adapted to the terrain on the spot.

Fig. 3 viser maskinen stående på den ene del af et dobbeltspor, og der er her indtegnet et tog kørende på nabosporet. Figuren viser et tilfælde, hvor skinnerne hælder noget ud fra vandret, således som sporet 20 kan være anlagt i kurver for at kompensere for centrifugal kræfter under togets kørsel. Det ses af figuren, at selv i dette tilfælde, hvor det øverste af toget på nabosporet hælder tæt ind mod rammemaskinen, så går rammemaskinen alligevel helt fri af konstruktionsprofilet for nabosporet, dvs. det profil, der skal holdes frit af hensyn til trafikken på 25 nabosporet. Maskinen kan her krøje i et halvrum, dvs. 180°, imellem de to stillinger på langs ad sporet uden at komme i vejen for det forbikørende tog. Det forstås umiddelbart ved sammenligning med fig. 2, at dette kun kan lade sig gøre efter, at masten er rejst til den med punkteret streg viste stilling eller højere. Det forstås også, at arrangementet af 30 drejepunktet eller vippepunktet for masten i en afstand neden under masten gør, at den ved starten af sin svingebevægelse bevæger toppen og stagene forholdsvis hurtigt fremad, så den i tværstillingen kan gå fri af nabosporet, uden at den behøver løftes så højt, som det ville være tilfældet, hvis den svingede om et punkt nærmere masten.FIG. 3 shows the machine standing on one part of a double track, and here a train is drawn on the neighboring track. The figure shows a case where the rails are inclined somewhat from the horizontal, such as the track 20 may be placed in curves to compensate for centrifugal forces during train travel. It can be seen from the figure that even in this case, where the top of the train on the neighboring track slopes close to the frame machine, the frame machine still goes completely free of the design profile of the neighboring track, ie. the profile to be kept free for the sake of traffic on the neighboring track. Here the machine can bend for half a space, ie 180 °, between the two positions along the track without getting in the way of the passing train. It is immediately understood by comparison with FIG. 2, that this can only be done after the mast has been raised to the position shown with a dashed line or higher. It is also understood that the arrangement of the pivot point or the pivot point of the mast at a distance below the mast causes it to move the top and the brackets relatively fast forward at the start of its pivotal movement, so that in the transverse position it can move free of the neighboring track without having to lifted as high as would be the case if it swung about one point closer to the mast.

35 Der henvises nu til fig. 5, som viser for opfindelsen væsentlige dele af maskinen i større målestok, idet det øverste af masten er udeladt fra denne figur. Maskinen ses her i arbejdsstillingen med en pæl 2, der bæres i liner, som holder en løftepind 255 stukket igennem et løfte- 8 DK 167067 B1 øje 254 i pælen. Pælen styres i forhold til rammemekanismen af et ramme-hoved 110. Det ses her, hvorledes masten 215 er afstivet af stag 200, som er forankret bagtil på maskinoverdel en ved ankerpunkterne 201, hvilke stag i den modsatte ende er svingbart forankret til stagslæden 202.35 Referring now to FIG. 5, which shows essential parts of the machine on a larger scale for the invention, the top of the mast being omitted from this figure. The machine is seen here in the working position with a pile 2, which is carried in liner, which holds a lifting pin 255 inserted through a lifting eye 254 in the pile. The pile is guided relative to the frame mechanism by a frame head 110. It is seen here how the mast 215 is stiffened by bracket 200 which is anchored to the rear of machine top one at the anchor points 201, which brackets at the opposite end are pivotally anchored to the brace 202.

5 Som det fremgår af fig. 4 og 6, er der to stag, som er opstillet i et trekantet arrangement, således at masten er afstøttet stabilt herved. Stagslæden 202 har gi idekløer 221, hvormed den har fat omkring gi ideskinner 220 på mægleren 217 (se fig. 4). Masten kan således uhindret forskydes i sin længderetning i forhold til stagslæden 202.5 As can be seen from FIG. 4 and 6, there are two stays arranged in a triangular arrangement so that the mast is stably supported thereby. The rod carriage 202 has gi idea claws 221 with which it holds around gi idea rails 220 on the broker 217 (see Fig. 4). The mast can thus be unobstructed in its longitudinal direction with respect to the stay carriage 202.

10 På maskinoverdel en er der indrettet to trekantede, vertikale ba sisplader 252 (se fig. 4 og 5), der er fastgjort til maskinens bæreøjer 44 og 45. Ved aksen 233 er der indsat en drejestift 10 igennem de trekantede basisplader 252, hvilken stift danner lejring for gejdebommens basispart 228, som kan vippe frit omkring stiften. Gejdebommens udskyde-15 lige part 229 kan bevæges teleskopisk ud og ind i forhold til basisparten ved hjælp af en indbygget aktuator 230 vist punkteret i fig. 5. Gejdebommens udskydelige part 229 er fast forbundet med gi ideføringer, der tilsammen danner bomslæden 203, som fastholder masten, så masten kan glide frit op og ned i forhold til gejdebommens udskydelige part 229.10 On machine top one, two triangular vertical base plates 252 (see Figures 4 and 5) are attached to the machine's carrier eyes 44 and 45. At axis 233, a pivot pin 10 is inserted through triangular base plates 252, which pin forms a bearing for the base portion 228 of the guide bar, which can tilt freely around the pin. The slide-out portion 229 of the guide boom can be telescopically moved in and out of the base portion by means of a built-in actuator 230 shown punctured in FIG. 5. The guide bar's extendable portion 229 is firmly connected to guide guides which together form the boom carriage 203 which holds the mast so that the mast can slide freely up and down relative to the guide bar's extendable portion 229.

20 Bomslædens 203 glideføringer er etableret i en indbyrdes afstand og solidt konstrueret, så gejdebommens vinkel i forhold til masten, her ca.20 The sliding guides of the boom sleeve 203 are spaced apart and firmly constructed, so that the angle of the guide boom relative to the mast, here approx.

90°, fastholdes nøjagtigt selv ved betydelige kraftpåvirkninger.90 °, is maintained precisely even with significant force effects.

Til at kontrollere og manøvrere mastens længdeforskydning er der indrettet en mastefodsaktuator 251 mellem gejdebommens udskydelige part 25 229 og mastefoden 219. Mellem gejdebommens udskydelige part 229 og stagslæden 202 er der indrettet en såkaldt stagsiædeaktuator 250. Det forstås ved betragtning af fig. 5 og af fig. 2 og 3, at stagsiædeaktuatoren 250 kan bruges til at hælde masten, idet forlængelse af aktuatoren i forhold til stillingen vist i fig. 5 under den forudsætning, at stagene 30 har konstant længde, vil vippe masten bagover, dvs. føre den mod den nedfældede stilling.In order to control and maneuver the longitudinal displacement of the mast, a mast foot actuator 251 is arranged between the extendable part 25 of the guide bar and the mast foot 219. A so-called stag seat actuator 250 is arranged between the guide boom's extendable part 229 and the rod carriage 202. 5 and of FIG. 2 and 3, that the bar seat actuator 250 can be used to tilt the mast, extending the actuator relative to the position shown in FIG. 5, assuming that the stays 30 are of constant length, the mast will tilt backwards, i.e. guide it towards the folded position.

Når masten nærmer sig sin nedfældede stilling (se fig. 2), bliver vinklen mellem stags!ædeaktuatoren 250 og stagene 200 meget spids, således at der kan blive tale om store kraftpåvirkninger i både stagslædeak-35 tuatoren 250 og stagene 200, hvis de er alene om at understøtte mastens overdel. Der indrettes derfor ifølge en hensigtsmæssig udførelsesform af opfindelsen en understøtning 257, som bærer overdelen af masten i transportstillingen, og som er indrettet således, at den ved hjælp af indbyg- 9 DK 167067 B1 gede aktuatorer kan hæve masten noget op fra den horisontale stilling, for eksempel 10°, hvorefter stagslædeaktuatoren 250 alene kan styre den videre opsvingebevægelse.As the mast approaches its lowered position (see Fig. 2), the angle between the stagger actuator 250 and the stagger 200 becomes very pointed, so that there can be large force effects in both the stagger actuator 250 and the stagger 200 if they are solely to support the top of the mast. Accordingly, according to a suitable embodiment of the invention, a support 257 is provided which carries the upper part of the mast in the transport position and is arranged so that it can raise the mast somewhat from the horizontal position by means of built-in actuators. for example, 10 °, after which the stag slider actuator 250 alone can control the further recovery movement.

I fig. 5 ses videre to spil 26 med liner 25, som anvendes til 5 hejsning af dels rammemekanismen 16 og dels pælen 2. Ved at arrangere disse spil på gejdebommens udskydelige part opnås en stor lettelse under oprejsning og nedfældning af masten, idet disse operationer da kan gennemføres, uden at der kræves manuel indgriben til at fastgøre eller løsne hejselinerne. Endvidere opnås, at op- og nedfældebevægelsen eller 10 vi nkelændringer af masten ikke har betydning for linestramningen, således at spillene blot kan stå i en fast position under sådanne bevægelser.In FIG. 5, further two games 26 with liner 25 are used, which are used for hoisting of the frame mechanism 16 and partly of the pile 2. By arranging these games on the sliding boom's extendable part, a great relief is obtained during the raising and folding of the mast, as these operations can then be carried out. , without requiring manual intervention to fasten or loosen the hoist lines. Furthermore, it is achieved that the up and down movement or changes in the mast do not affect the line tension, so that the games can only be in a fixed position during such movements.

Omend maskinen i fig. 5 er vist med masten i vertikal stilling eller vinkelret på planen gennem skinneoversiderne, forstås det umiddel-15 bart, at andre stillinger også kan opnås ved at ændre udskydningen af stagslædeaktuatoren 250, og den viste maskine kan således arbejde med masten hældet så meget som 10° udad eller 45° indad over maskinoverdelen. Højdejustering af masten udføres let ved mastefodsaktuatoren 251, så placeringen kan tilpasses efter terrænets hældning og øvrige forhold.Although the machine of FIG. 5 is shown with the mast in vertical position or perpendicular to the plane through the rail top sides, it is immediately understood that other positions can also be obtained by changing the extension of the stag slider actuator 250, and the machine shown can thus operate with the mast inclined as much as 10. ° outward or 45 ° inward over the machine top. Height adjustment of the mast is easily performed by the mast foot actuator 251, so that the position can be adjusted according to the slope of the terrain and other conditions.

20 Ifølge en hensigtsmæssig udførelsesform indrettes stagene med in dividuelt styrbar udskydningsmulighed, således at de kan anvendes til at stille masten skråt i planet på langs ad sporet, for eksempel ud til 3° til siden. For at muliggøre dette er føringen mellem gejdebommens to parter indrettet cylindrisk, så den udskydelige part 229 kan dreje om-25 kring længdeaksen i forhold til basisparten 228.According to a suitable embodiment, the stays are arranged with an individually controllable extension option, so that they can be used to position the mast obliquely in the plane along the track, for example out to 3 ° to the side. To enable this, the guide between the two parts of the guide bar is cylindrically arranged so that the extendable portion 229 can rotate about the longitudinal axis relative to the base portion 228.

I fig. 6 ses videre arrangementet af løftepinden 255 i pælen, hvilken løftepind holdes af liner fra et løfteåg 256. Med dette arrangement opnås plads til rammemekanismen, (ikke vist i fig. 6), så den kan fires op eller ned i forhold til pælen.In FIG. 6, the arrangement of the lifting pin 255 in the pile is also seen, the lifting stick being held by the liner of a lifting yoke 256. This arrangement provides space for the frame mechanism (not shown in Fig. 6) so that it can be raised up or down relative to the pile.

30 Ifølge en hensigtsmæssig udførelsesform af opfindelsen er der ind rettet en særlig slæde 253, som er forskydelig i forhold til mægleren og med styrehjul 24 til linerne. Denne slæde holdes af en del af stagslædeaktuatoren 250, så den har en fast afstand fra gejdebommens udskydelige part. Der opnås derved hensigtsmæssig styring af linerne og uafhængigt 35 af hældninger af masten, og der opnås navnligt god fastholdelse af linerne under nedfældning af masten.According to a convenient embodiment of the invention, there is arranged a special carriage 253 which is displaceable relative to the broker and with guide wheels 24 for the lines. This sled is held by a portion of the stag slider actuator 250 so that it is a fixed distance from the extendable portion of the guide bar. Consequently, appropriate control of the ropes and independently of the slopes of the mast is achieved, and particularly good retention of the ropes during the folding of the mast is achieved.

Maskinen kan arbejde vinkelret på sporet, men kan også krøjes ud til forskellige skrå stillinger inden for et vi nkel rum af omtrent 45°The machine can work perpendicular to the track, but can also be tilted to different oblique positions within an angle of about 45 °

Claims

10 DK 167067 B1 to each side as indicated in FIG. 4 in dashed lines 43. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, all maneuvering functions including driving motor, winch and all actuators are hydraulically driven by appropriate pipes and hose connections from engine 5 of machine 5 and under control from a control panel (not shown) in the cab. It is to be understood that countless other ways of transmitting and controlling the maneuvering forces, such as by mechanical connection, compressed air or electricity, may be conceived, and that the invention encompasses all such variants. In order to establish a foundation, the machine is positioned to the position 10 shown in FIG. 3 - 6, and a line is attached to a pile 2, which is laid out in advance in place, so that the pile can be hoisted into position under the frame stroke 16 and lowered. If the pile at the frame will be slightly offset relative to the desired position, it is possible to adjust it slightly by pulling or pushing it in the transverse direction of the track during the following frame. For this purpose, the pile may optionally be attached to the mast foot with chains, or an intermediate such as a piece of wood between the pile and mast foot may be laid, whereupon the telescopic boom mechanism of the guide boom is utilized to influence the pile with a side force during the following framing. 20

A pile-hitting machine, comprising a driving chassis (3) with wheels for rail travel, a top (4) and a mast 25 (215), the top of which is pivotally mounted about a vertical axis (13), called the pivot axis, relative to the driving chassis and with power driven pig means, which mast is connected to the machine upper one by a boom (227), which at one end is pivotally connected to the top by a hinge (233) with axis substantially perpendicular to the top of the top bending axle, which mast comprises a sliding guide (217) for a frame mechanism, means for hoisting the frame mechanism, and means for hoisting a pole, which mast can be raised to a substantially vertical position for pile framing, in which position it is supported by braces (200) which is hinged to a carriage (202) having a longitudinally displaceable engagement 35 with the mast, which can be folded into a substantially horizontal position for transport, and which machine comprises a crane a source for operating the frame mechanism as well as hoisting and pivoting means, characterized in that the boom comprises two interconnected telescopically displaceable pairs, namely a base part (228) connected to machine body one at said hinge, and a extendable portion (229) connected to the mast with a guide guide so that it is displaced along the longitudinal axis of the mast while maintaining the angle between the axis of the mast and the boom axis of the boom.

2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the boom is connected to the mast in such a way that the boom axis of the boom is held substantially perpendicular to the axis of the mast. 10

3. A machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that power-driven and controllable means (250) are provided for exerting force effects in the longitudinal direction of the mast between the carriage slider (202) and the boom extension (229). 15

4. Machine according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the hoisting means comprise winches (26) mounted on the boom extendable part.

5. A machine according to claims 1-4, characterized in that 20 power-driven and controllable means (251) are provided for exerting force effects in the longitudinal direction of the mast between the mast (215) and the boom extension (229).

6. A machine according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the curvature of the o-25 member is controlled by means of means arranged with a locking device with switching possibility, so that the top can only be curved to a predetermined side of the track.

7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the control means for the bend are arranged with a locking, so that the top can only be curved from the direction of the track when the mast is raised to a certain inclined angle.

A method of transporting and setting up a pile-hitting machine, wherein a mast (215) having a guide (217) for a frame mechanism 35 is conveyed on a rail vehicle lying in a substantially horizontal position in a longitudinal direction along the rail direction and within the clearance profile. for rail vehicles and where the mast can be switched from the transport position to one. position where it can be used for pile hitting next to the track by the mast being coupled to a top (4) of the rail vehicle and a boom (227) between the mast and the top about a vertical first axis between the rails until the mast is directed substantially transversely to the rail direction, and the mast is raised to a substantially vertical position, characterized in that the boom is arranged in two mutually telescopically interconnected portions, a base part (228) connected to the upper part of the vehicle by a hinge. having a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis, and a projectable portion (229) connected to the mast with a guide guide so that it is slidable along the longitudinal axis of the mast while maintaining the angle between the axis of the mast and the boom axis of the boom, and that the mast is switched to the pile framing position by tilting it from the transport position about the other axis to an inclined position, the inclined mast t is pivoted about the first axis (13) to a direction substantially transverse to the rails, and the mast 15 thereafter is raised to a substantially vertical position.

9. A method of establishing foundation by groove, characterized in that the foundation (2) is prefabricated and transported to the installation site, that a machine with a frame mechanism is installed by the method according to claim 8, that the foundation is raised in position under the frame mechanism and that the foundation is hit.

Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the lower part of the mast is optionally attached to the foundation and that the foundation during impact is affected by a side force by pulling or pushing the mast in its area just above the ground towards or away from track. 30 35