DE69925769D1 - Verfahren zur Sauerstoffproduktion - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Sauerstoffproduktion

Info

Publication number
DE69925769D1
DE69925769D1 DE69925769T DE69925769T DE69925769D1 DE 69925769 D1 DE69925769 D1 DE 69925769D1 DE 69925769 T DE69925769 T DE 69925769T DE 69925769 T DE69925769 T DE 69925769T DE 69925769 D1 DE69925769 D1 DE 69925769D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oxygen production
oxygen
production
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE69925769T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69925769T2 (de
Inventor
Rakesh Agrawal
Donn Michael Herron
Yanping Zhang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Original Assignee
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Products and Chemicals Inc filed Critical Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Publication of DE69925769D1 publication Critical patent/DE69925769D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69925769T2 publication Critical patent/DE69925769T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04066—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/04054—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04381—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04418—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system with thermally overlapping high and low pressure columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/20—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in an elevated pressure multiple column system wherein the lowest pressure column is at a pressure well above the minimum pressure needed to overcome pressure drop to reject the products to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/34—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using a side column fed by a stream from the low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
    • F25J2200/54—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the low pressure column of a double pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/52—Oxygen production with multiple purity O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F25J2240/12—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/52—One fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air, e.g. "crude oxygen"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/88—Quasi-closed internal refrigeration or heat pump cycle, if not otherwise provided

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
DE69925769T 1998-01-22 1999-01-21 Verfahren zur Sauerstoffproduktion Expired - Lifetime DE69925769T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12074 1998-01-22
US09/012,074 US5966967A (en) 1998-01-22 1998-01-22 Efficient process to produce oxygen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69925769D1 true DE69925769D1 (de) 2005-07-21
DE69925769T2 DE69925769T2 (de) 2006-05-04

Family

ID=21753264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69925769T Expired - Lifetime DE69925769T2 (de) 1998-01-22 1999-01-21 Verfahren zur Sauerstoffproduktion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5966967A (de)
EP (1) EP0932000B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3084682B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1119606C (de)
CA (1) CA2259065C (de)
DE (1) DE69925769T2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA99402B (de)

Families Citing this family (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5934104A (en) * 1998-06-02 1999-08-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Multiple column nitrogen generators with oxygen coproduction
DE10013075A1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-20 Linde Ag Verfahren zur Gewinnung von gasförmigem und flüssigem Stickstoff mit variablem Anteil des Flüssigprodukts
US6965872B1 (en) * 2000-08-02 2005-11-15 Zipandshop Llc Systems, methods and computer program products for facilitating the sale of commodity-like goods/services
US6295840B1 (en) 2000-11-15 2001-10-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Pressurized liquid cryogen process
FR2831251A1 (fr) * 2002-02-25 2003-04-25 Air Liquide Procede et installation de production d'azote et d'oxygene
FR2854683B1 (fr) * 2003-05-05 2006-09-29 Air Liquide Procede et installation de production de gaz de l'air sous pression par distillation cryogenique d'air
US6962062B2 (en) 2003-12-10 2005-11-08 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Proédés Georges Claude Process and apparatus for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation
FR2864213A1 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-24 Air Liquide Procede et installation de production sous forme gazeuse et sous haute pression d'au moins un fluide choisi parmi l'oxygene, l'argon et l'azote par distillation cryogenique de l'air
US7272954B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2007-09-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Proceded Georges Claude Low temperature air separation process for producing pressurized gaseous product
CN100443838C (zh) * 2005-04-20 2008-12-17 苏州市兴鲁空分设备科技发展有限公司 一种返流膨胀空气分离的方法和装置
US20080115531A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-05-22 Bao Ha Cryogenic Air Separation Process and Apparatus
FR2913758B3 (fr) * 2007-03-12 2009-11-13 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2915271A1 (fr) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-24 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation des gaz de l'air par distillation cryogenique
DE102007031765A1 (de) * 2007-07-07 2009-01-08 Linde Ag Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
US8315919B1 (en) * 2007-08-17 2012-11-20 Google Inc. Distributed electronic commerce system with merchant bidding for sales of items
FR2930329A1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-23 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
WO2009136077A2 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2009-11-12 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2930327A1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-23 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2930328A1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-23 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2930330B1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2013-09-13 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2930331B1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2013-09-13 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2930326B1 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2013-09-13 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
WO2009130430A2 (fr) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-29 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
FR2943408A1 (fr) * 2009-03-17 2010-09-24 Air Liquide Procede et installation de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP2236964B1 (de) * 2009-03-24 2019-11-20 Linde AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung
FR2946735B1 (fr) * 2009-06-12 2012-07-13 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique.
US8820115B2 (en) * 2009-12-10 2014-09-02 Praxair Technology, Inc. Oxygen production method and apparatus
US8978413B2 (en) * 2010-06-09 2015-03-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Rare gases recovery process for triple column oxygen plant
FR2973485B1 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2017-11-24 L'air Liquide Sa Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
US9097459B2 (en) * 2011-08-17 2015-08-04 Air Liquide Process & Construction, Inc. Production of high-pressure gaseous nitrogen
US10443931B2 (en) * 2011-09-20 2019-10-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the cryogenic decomposition of air
EP2597409B1 (de) * 2011-11-24 2015-01-14 L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftzerlegung durch Tieftemperaturdestillation
US20130255313A1 (en) 2012-03-29 2013-10-03 Bao Ha Process for the separation of air by cryogenic distillation
DE102012017484A1 (de) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung flüssiger und gasförmiger Sauerstoffprodukte durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft
US9595023B1 (en) 2014-05-21 2017-03-14 Plaid Technologies, Inc. System and method for facilitating programmatic verification of transactions
US9449346B1 (en) 2014-05-21 2016-09-20 Plaid Technologies, Inc. System and method for programmatically accessing financial data
CA3119897C (en) 2015-09-08 2022-08-09 Plaid Inc. Secure permissioning of access to user accounts, including secure deauthorization of access to user accounts
US10726491B1 (en) 2015-12-28 2020-07-28 Plaid Inc. Parameter-based computer evaluation of user accounts based on user account data stored in one or more databases
US10984468B1 (en) 2016-01-06 2021-04-20 Plaid Inc. Systems and methods for estimating past and prospective attribute values associated with a user account
CN106440660A (zh) * 2016-10-10 2017-02-22 浙江海天气体有限公司 一种具有高压换热供氧的空分装置
EP3343159A1 (de) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von gasförmigem sauerstoff und gasförmigem druckstickstoff
FR3062197B3 (fr) * 2017-05-24 2019-05-10 Air Liquide Procede et appareil pour la separation de l'air par distillation cryogenique
PL3410050T3 (pl) * 2017-06-02 2019-10-31 Linde Ag Sposób do pozyskiwania jednego lub wielu produktów powietrza i instalacja do separacji powietrza
US11468085B2 (en) 2017-07-22 2022-10-11 Plaid Inc. Browser-based aggregation
US10878421B2 (en) 2017-07-22 2020-12-29 Plaid Inc. Data verified deposits
WO2019104524A1 (zh) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 通过与氮气膨胀机联动制动的膨胀机增压机来产生增压空气的深冷精馏方法与设备
US11316862B1 (en) 2018-09-14 2022-04-26 Plaid Inc. Secure authorization of access to user accounts by one or more authorization mechanisms
CN113874669A (zh) * 2019-06-04 2021-12-31 林德有限责任公司 用于低温分离空气的方法和设备
US11887069B2 (en) 2020-05-05 2024-01-30 Plaid Inc. Secure updating of allocations to user accounts
US11327960B1 (en) 2020-10-16 2022-05-10 Plaid Inc. Systems and methods for data parsing
CN112361716A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-02-12 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于从空气分离装置中制备高压气体的方法和装置
CN112304027A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-02-02 开封空分集团有限公司 氮气循环流程全液体制取的空分装置及制取方法

Family Cites Families (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2753698A (en) * 1952-03-05 1956-07-10 Linde Eismasch Ag Method and apparatus for fractionating air and power production
US3327488A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-06-27 Air Prod & Chem Refrigeration system for gas liquefaction
US3375673A (en) * 1966-06-22 1968-04-02 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Air separation process employing work expansion of high and low pressure nitrogen
DE2544340A1 (de) * 1975-10-03 1977-04-14 Linde Ag Verfahren zur luftzerlegung
DE2854508C2 (de) * 1978-12-16 1981-12-03 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung eines Gasgemisches
US4410343A (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-10-18 Union Carbide Corporation Air boiling process to produce low purity oxygen
DE3307181A1 (de) * 1983-03-01 1984-09-06 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerlegung von luft
US4796431A (en) * 1986-07-15 1989-01-10 Erickson Donald C Nitrogen partial expansion refrigeration for cryogenic air separation
US4704148A (en) * 1986-08-20 1987-11-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Cycle to produce low purity oxygen
US4936099A (en) * 1989-05-19 1990-06-26 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Air separation process for the production of oxygen-rich and nitrogen-rich products
US4966002A (en) * 1989-08-11 1990-10-30 The Boc Group, Inc. Process and apparatus for producing nitrogen from air
US5220798A (en) * 1990-09-18 1993-06-22 Teisan Kabushiki Kaisha Air separating method using external cold source
US5345773A (en) * 1992-01-14 1994-09-13 Teisan Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for the production of ultra-high purity nitrogen
US5257504A (en) * 1992-02-18 1993-11-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Multiple reboiler, double column, elevated pressure air separation cycles and their integration with gas turbines
GB9208645D0 (en) * 1992-04-22 1992-06-10 Boc Group Plc Air separation
US5385024A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-01-31 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system with improved recovery
US5475980A (en) * 1993-12-30 1995-12-19 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and installation for production of high pressure gaseous fluid
US5711167A (en) * 1995-03-02 1998-01-27 Air Liquide Process & Construction High efficiency nitrogen generator
US5678427A (en) * 1996-06-27 1997-10-21 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic rectification system for producing low purity oxygen and high purity nitrogen
US5682762A (en) * 1996-10-01 1997-11-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process to produce high pressure nitrogen using a high pressure column and one or more lower pressure columns
US5839296A (en) * 1997-09-09 1998-11-24 Praxair Technology, Inc. High pressure, improved efficiency cryogenic rectification system for low purity oxygen production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11257844A (ja) 1999-09-24
ZA99402B (en) 2000-07-20
CN1119606C (zh) 2003-08-27
CA2259065A1 (en) 1999-07-22
CN1232165A (zh) 1999-10-20
EP0932000A2 (de) 1999-07-28
EP0932000B1 (de) 2005-06-15
EP0932000A3 (de) 1999-10-20
CA2259065C (en) 2001-04-03
US5966967A (en) 1999-10-19
JP3084682B2 (ja) 2000-09-04
DE69925769T2 (de) 2006-05-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69925769D1 (de) Verfahren zur Sauerstoffproduktion
DE69908998D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenstoff
DE60037724D1 (de) Verfahren zur chlor-herstellung
DE69925862D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von azetidinonen
DE69905543D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methanol
DE69910384D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von feuerfesten formkörpern
DE60006298D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlendioxid
DE69905722D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung texturierter Gegenstände
DE69834533D1 (de) Verfahren zur Protein-Herstellung
AT7110U3 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von amlodipinmaleat
DE59909550D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rollos
DE69909003D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyamiden
DE69933207D1 (de) Verbessertes verfahren zur herstellung von makroliden
DE69909929D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methanol
DE60024210D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zahnrädern
DE60026607D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von perfluoroalkadienen
DE50104778D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von polyisobutenylphenolen
DE60006219D1 (de) Kontinuierliches verfahren zur herstellung von diacetoxybuten
DE60032894D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von stadtgas
DE69902063D1 (de) Verfahren zur Katalysatorherstellung
DE59905262D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkoholen
DE69928463D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlkomponenten
ATA218299A (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von oxindolen
DE59813367D1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckerzeugnissen
DE60039688D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von uhrarmbandteilen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8364 No opposition during term of opposition