DE4228779C2 - Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production - Google Patents

Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production

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Publication number
DE4228779C2
DE4228779C2 DE19924228779 DE4228779A DE4228779C2 DE 4228779 C2 DE4228779 C2 DE 4228779C2 DE 19924228779 DE19924228779 DE 19924228779 DE 4228779 A DE4228779 A DE 4228779A DE 4228779 C2 DE4228779 C2 DE 4228779C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
starch
composite material
foam
further layer
suspension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE19924228779
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE4228779A1 (en
Inventor
Juergen Loercks
Winfried Pommeranz
Joachim Heuer
Kurt Dr Klenke
Harald Schmidt
Gert Schroeder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH
BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19924228779 priority Critical patent/DE4228779C2/en
Application filed by Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH, BioTec Biologische Naturverpackungen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen & Co Forschungs-Und Entwicklungs Kg 46446 Emmerich De GmbH
Priority to DK93919203T priority patent/DK0656830T3/en
Priority to JP50684994A priority patent/JPH08500547A/en
Priority to AT93919203T priority patent/ATE137165T1/en
Priority to ES93919203T priority patent/ES2086961T3/en
Priority to EP19930919203 priority patent/EP0656830B1/en
Priority to DE59302388T priority patent/DE59302388D1/en
Priority to CA 2143432 priority patent/CA2143432C/en
Priority to PCT/EP1993/002323 priority patent/WO1994005492A1/en
Priority to CN93117042A priority patent/CN1052187C/en
Publication of DE4228779A1 publication Critical patent/DE4228779A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4228779C2 publication Critical patent/DE4228779C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/042—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/06—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/716—Degradable
    • B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/08—Natural leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/20—Starch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein biologisch abbaubares Verbund­ material auf der Basis von gehärtetem Stärkeschaum und ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The invention relates to a biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and a Process for its manufacture.

Derartige Verbundmaterialien können als Verpackungsmaterial, als Baumaterial etwa zur Kälte-, Wärme- oder Schallisola­ tion, oder auch als Stoßschutz zum Einsatz kommen.Such composite materials can be used as packaging material, as building material, for example for cold, heat or sound insulation tion, or can also be used as shock protection.

Herkömmliche Schaumverpackungen aus Polystyrol (Styropor) insbesondere für Nahrungsmittel sind vor allem in der Ent­ sorgung problematisch. Dieser Kunststoff verrottet praktisch nicht und ist erst nach einem Sortiervorgang recycelbar.Conventional polystyrene (styrofoam) foam packaging especially for food are mostly in the ent problematic. This plastic practically rots not and can only be recycled after a sorting process.

Aus der US-PS 5 035 930 sind biologisch abbaubare Produkte und deren Herstellungsverfahren bekannt, wobei die Produkte aus ausschließlich aus Stärke in einem Extrusionsverfahren hergestellten und gehärteten Schaum bestehen und als Form­ körper für Verpackungszwecke genutzt werden.Biodegradable products are known from US Pat. No. 5,035,930 and their manufacturing process known, the products made exclusively from starch in an extrusion process manufactured and hardened foam exist and as a mold body can be used for packaging purposes.

Die US-PS 3 661 697 zeigt ein Verbundmaterial und dessen Herstellungsverfahren, das aus Polyethylen, Stärke und einer Papierbasis besteht und schichtweise aufgebaut ist. Die Stärke wird hierbei nicht geschäumt.U.S. Patent 3,661,697 shows a composite material and its Manufacturing process that consists of polyethylene, starch and one Paper base exists and is built up in layers. The Starch is not foamed here.

Bei einem weiteren bereits bekannten Verfahren wird statt eines Kunststoffes eine Stärkesuspension verwendet. In ein beheiz­ tes Formwerkzeug eingebracht, verdampfen flüssige Anteile und schäumen bzw. blähen die Suspension auf. Das Material bleibt über eine bestimmte Verweilzeit in der Form, wobei es unter Feuchtigkeitsaustritt trocknet und aushärtet. Zum Ent­ formen wird die Form geöffnet und der Schaumteil ausgewor­ fen. Solchermaßen hergestellte Schaumteile verrotten und sind recycelbar. Außerdem haben sie gewisse kälte-, wärmeisolierende sowie stoßabsorbierende Eigenschaften. Sie haben jedoch den Nachteil einer verhältnismäßig geringen Festigkeit, wenn ihre Wandstärke bzw. ihr Gewicht nicht allzu hoch sind. Außerdem sind sie aufgrund ihrer porösen Oberflächen für gewisse Anwendungen ungeeignet, insbesondere schlecht bedruckbar.In another known method, instead of one Plastic used a starch suspension. In a heated When the mold is inserted, liquid components evaporate and foam or inflate the suspension. The material stays in shape for a certain amount of time, taking it dries and hardens with the escape of moisture. To Ent the mold is opened and the foam part is squeezed out fen. Foam parts produced in this way rot and are recyclable. They also have certain cold,  heat-insulating and shock-absorbing properties. they however, have the disadvantage of being relatively small Strength if their wall thickness or weight is not are too high. They are also because of their porous Surfaces unsuitable for certain applications, in particular badly printable.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein biologisch abbaubares Schichtverbundmaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, das sich durch hohe Festigkeit, eine einfache und kostengünstige Herstellung und eine vielseitige Anwendbar­ keit auszeichnet.In contrast, the invention is based on the object biodegradable layered composite material available represent that by high strength, a simple and inexpensive to manufacture and versatile excellence.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche ge­ löst.This task is ge with the features of the claims solves.

Bei der Lösung geht die Erfindung von dem Grundgedanken aus, Stärke zu verschäumen, zu härten, sowie gleichzeitig mit einem weiteren Schichtmaterial zu verbinden und somit ein Schichtverbund­ material zu erhalten. Dieses weitere Schichtmaterial kann z. B. in den Stärkeschaum eingelagert und/oder einseitig oder beid­ seitig an diesen angelagert sein und dient als Verstärkung, als Träger oder Substrat.In the solution, the invention is based on the basic idea Foam starch, harden, and at the same time with to connect another layer material and thus a layer composite get material. This additional layer material can e.g. B. in the starch foam stored and / or one-sided or both be attached to these and serve as reinforcement, as a carrier or substrate.

Die Erfindung hat folgende Vorteile.The invention has the following advantages.

Es kann Stärke ohne weitere Zusätze verwendet werden. Es können die unterschiedlichsten Materialien mit dem Stärke­ schaum zu einem Schichtverbundmaterial zusammengesetzt werden, ins­ besondere läßt sich über das weitere Material das Schichtverbund­ material leicht bedrucken oder färben. Das Schichtverbundmaterial ist mechanisch stabil und besitzt aufgrund der Porosität des gehärteten Stärkeschaums ausgezeichnete Schall-, Temperatur- und elektrische Isolationseigenschaften. Außerdem es ist ein wirkungsvoller Stoßschutz. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Er­ findung als Material für Verpackungen von Süßwaren, da das Verbundmaterial eine entsprechende werbewirksame Bedruckung ermöglicht, sowie die für Süßwaren erforderlichen Stoßschutz und Wärmeisolation gewährleistet.Starch can be used without further additives. It can use the most diverse materials with the strength foam to be assembled into a layered composite material, ins the layered composite can be special about the other material lightly print or dye material. The layered composite material is mechanically stable and due to the porosity of the hardened starch foam excellent sound, temperature and electrical insulation properties. Besides, it is a effective shock protection. The Er is particularly advantageous as a material for packaging confectionery, since the Composite material an appropriate advertising effective printing  enables, as well as the shock protection required for confectionery and thermal insulation guaranteed.

Im folgenden soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundmaterial besteht aus gehärtetem Stärkeschaum, der mit mindestens einem weiteren Material zu einem Verbundmaterial zusammengefügt ist. Vorzugsweise ist das weitere Material ein Flachmaterial, das vorzugsweise einseitig von dem Stärkeschaum bedeckt ist.The composite material according to the invention consists of hardened Starch foam made with at least one other material is joined to a composite material. Preferably the further material is a flat material, which is preferably is covered on one side by the starch foam.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geht von einer Stärkesuspen­ sion aus, die native Stärke und/oder modifizierte Stärke enthalten kann. Es kommt native Stärke jeglichen Ursprungs in natürlicher oder Hybridform, z. B. Kartoffeln, Manjok, Reis, Mais, wachsiger Mais, Mais mit hohem Amylosegehalt, Getreide wie Weizen und Fraktionen, die hieraus hergestellt sein können, Gerste oder Sorghum, in Betracht. Die modifi­ zierte Stärke ist ein auf physikalischem und/oder chemischem Weg erzeugte Stärkederivat. Bevorzugt kommt eine wäßrige Stärkesuspension zum Einsatz, die mit einem insbesondere lebensmittelverträglichem Farbstoff eingefärbt sein kann.The method according to the invention is based on a starch suspension sion out, the native starch and / or modified starch may contain. There comes native strength of any origin in natural or hybrid form, e.g. B. potatoes, manjok, Rice, corn, waxy corn, corn with a high amylose content, Cereals like wheat and fractions made from it may be barley or sorghum. The modifi graced starch is one on physical and / or chemical Path generated starch derivative. An aqueous solution is preferred Starch suspension for use with a particular food-compatible dye can be colored.

Außerdem kommt bei dem Verfahren ein weiteres Material zum Einsatz, bei dem es sich vorzugsweise um Papier, Pappe, Kar­ ton, Textil, Holzfurnier, Leder, Kunstleder, Folien aus synthetischen, biopolymeren und metallen Werkstoffen sowie Kombinationen der vorgenannten Materialien handelt. Dabei handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein Flachmaterial. Das weitere Material wird durch die Endform des Verbund­ materials, beispielsweise eine Verpackung bestimmt und kann als Zuschnitt oder vorgeformt in die Form eingebracht wer­ den. Dies geschieht bevorzugt kurze Zeit vor Zugabe der Stärkesuspension.In addition, another material is used in the process Use, which is preferably paper, cardboard, card clay, textile, wood veneer, leather, synthetic leather, foils from synthetic, biopolymer and metal materials as well Combinations of the above materials. Here it is preferably a flat material. The further material is created by the final shape of the composite materials, for example packaging and can introduced as a blank or preformed into the mold the. This is preferably done shortly before the addition of Starch suspension.

Die Stärkesuspension wird bevorzugt durch Einspritzen dosiert in das Formwerkzeug eingeführt. In der beheizten Form schäumt sie infolge Verdampfung auf und füllt die Kavi­ täten aus. Dabei und während der Trocknung sowie des chemisch-physikalischen Aushärtens verbindet sich die Stärke mit dem weiteren Material zu einer Einheit, die anschließend als Verbundmaterial entformt wird. Diese Vorgänge werden durch einen erhöhten Innendruck des Formwerkzeugs gefördert und bevorzugt druck- und temperaturgesteuert durchgeführt.The starch suspension is preferred by injection dosed into the mold. In the heated  Form foams up due to evaporation and fills the cavi would do. During and during the drying as well as the chemical-physical curing combines the starch with the further material to a unit, which then is demolded as a composite material. These operations will be promoted by an increased internal pressure of the mold and preferably carried out under pressure and temperature control.

Dabei ist es überraschend, daß die relativ hohe Formtempera­ tur das weitere Material bei geeigneter Durchführung des Verfahrens nicht beeinträchtigt. Dies gilt auch für eine Be­ druckung, die dem weiteren Material, insbesondere aus Papier, Pappe oder Karton, vor dem Einlegen in das Formwerk­ zeug und einer nachfolgenden Verformung aufgebracht werden kann. Insbesondere, wenn die Stärkesuspension einseitig auf dem weiteren Material aufgebracht ist, ist die Bedruckung nach dem Entformen auf einer Seite des Verbundmaterials sichtbar. Bei einseitigem Aufbringen der Stärkesuspension kann auch recyceltes Kartonmaterial für eine Verpackung von Nahrungsmitteln verwendet werden, welches an der Ver­ packungsaußenseite nicht mit dem Nahrungsmittel in Berührung kommt.It is surprising that the relatively high mold temperature tur the further material with a suitable implementation of the Procedure not affected. This also applies to a Be printing, the other material, in particular from Paper, cardboard or cardboard, before inserting it into the mold stuff and a subsequent deformation are applied can. Especially if the starch suspension is one-sided the other material is applied, is the printing after demolding on one side of the composite material visible. With one-sided application of the starch suspension can also use recycled cardboard for packaging Food are used, which at the Ver outside of the pack does not come into contact with the food is coming.

Für mehrere bedruckbare oder glatte Oberflächen bzw. aus Festigkeitsgründen können mehrere Schichten weiteres Mate­ rial in das Formwerkzeug eingebracht werden. Die Stärkesus­ pension wird dann vor allem zwischen den Schichten des wei­ teren Materials eingebracht.For several printable or smooth surfaces For reasons of strength, several layers of additional mate be introduced into the mold. The starch sauce pension is then mainly between the layers of white tere material introduced.

Durch geeignete Gestaltung des Formwerkzeuges können Struk­ turen in das Verbundmaterial geformt werden, beispielsweise Durchbrechungen, Vertiefungen, Stege oder Rippen. Dies kann zu Verpackungszwecken aber auch aus Festigkeitsgründen sinn­ voll sein. Außerhalb des Formwerkzeuges ist eine weitere Bearbeitung durch Verformen, Prägen, Stanzen und/oder Forma­ tieren möglich. By suitable design of the mold, struc structures are molded into the composite material, for example Openings, depressions, webs or ribs. This can for packaging purposes but also for reasons of strength being full. Outside of the mold is another Processing by shaping, embossing, punching and / or forma animals possible.  

Eine bevorzugte Anwendung des Verfahrens ist die Herstellung von Verpackungen. Dabei kann das weitere Material für eine Verpackungsschale schalenartig vorgeformt werden.A preferred application of the method is production of packaging. The additional material for one Packaging tray are preformed like a tray.

Der Verbund aus weiterem Material und Stärkeschaum ergibt eine vielfach höhere Festigkeit des fertigen Teils als seine einzelnen Komponenten oder deren Addition ohne eine innige. Verbindung. Das Verbundmaterial hat ein niedriges spezifi­ sches Gewicht und kommt mit verhältnismäßig geringen Wand­ stärken aus. Zudem weist es kälte- und wärmeisolierende sowie stoßabsorbierende Eigenschaften auf und ist antista­ tisch.The combination of additional material and starch foam results a much higher strength of the finished part than its individual components or their addition without an intimate. Connection. The composite material has a low specific cal weight and comes with a relatively small wall strengthen from. It also has cold and heat insulation as well as shock-absorbing properties and is antista table.

Die Verbindung von z. B. Flachmaterial und Stärkeschaum er­ fordert keine Additive wie Heiß- oder Kaltleim oder Kunst­ stoffe usw. Daraus ergibt sich neben der biologischen Abbau­ barkeit und Kompostierbarkeit die Möglichkeit eines problem­ losen Recyclings. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von Papier, Kar­ ton oder Pappe als Flachmaterial kann das Verbundmaterial bei der Papier-, Karton- oder Pappherstellung wiederverwen­ det werden.The connection of e.g. B. flat material and starch foam he does not require additives such as hot or cold glue or art substances etc. This results in addition to biodegradation availability and compostability the possibility of a problem loose recycling. Especially when using paper, kar The composite material can be made of clay or cardboard as a flat material reuse in the production of paper, cardboard or cardboard be det.

Die Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen Verbundmaterials er­ öffnen auch außerhalb des Verpackungssektors viele Anwen­ dungsmöglichkeiten. So ist ein Einsatz zu Isolationszwecken als Baustoff, in der Elektrotechnik und in der Automobil­ industrie denkbar. Ferner kommt eine Verwendung für modische Gebrauchsgegenstände, vergleichsweise hoher Stabilität, wie Möbel, in Betracht, die infolge ihrer Kurzlebigkeit recycel­ bar sein müssen.The properties of the composite material according to the invention also open up many applications outside of the packaging sector possible applications. This is how it is used for insulation purposes as a building material, in electrical engineering and in the automobile industry conceivable. There is also a use for fashionable Commodities, comparatively high stability, such as Furniture that is recycled due to its short life have to be cash.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand eines Beispiels näher beschrieben.The method according to the invention is described below using a Example described in more detail.

In einem kontinuierlichen Prozeß wird eine Stärkesuspension hergestellt, wobei flüssige und feste Hilfsmittel automa­ tisch dosiert in einer Homogenisierungsstufe fein verteilt und zur Reaktion gebracht werden. Kartoffelstärke, Mais­ quellstärke und Wasser liegen in der Suspension in einem Ge­ wichtsverhältnis von 100 : 5,2 : 106 vor.In a continuous process, a starch suspension is made manufactured, with liquid and solid auxiliaries automa dosed in a homogenizing stage  and be made to react. Potato starch, corn The swelling strength and water are in one suspension in the suspension weight ratio of 100: 5.2: 106 before.

Ferner wird eine temperatur- und druckgesteuerte Expansions­ formanlage, bauartverwandt mit einem Waffeleisen, mit einem gußeisernen Werkzeugteil in Form einer Verpackungsschale auf 220°C aufgeheizt. Das Formwerkzeug der Formanlage ist zweiteilig ausgebildet. In das untere Formteil wird eine vorgeformte Schale als Kartonflachmaterial eingelegt. Dann werden 21,5 g der Stärkesuspension in die Schale eingefüllt und das zweiteilige Formwerkzeug geschlossen. Die Stärke­ suspension wird aufgeschäumt, getrocknet und ausgehärtet und dabei fest mit der Kartonschale verbunden. Nach etwa 70 Se­ kunden Verweilzeit wird die fertige Verpackungsschale aus Verbundmaterial entnommen.Furthermore, a temperature and pressure controlled expansion molding machine, related to a waffle maker, with a cast iron tool part in the form of a packaging tray Heated up to 220 ° C. The molding tool of the molding machine is formed in two parts. In the lower molding is a preformed shell inserted as cardboard flat material. Then 21.5 g of the starch suspension are poured into the bowl and the two-part mold closed. The strength suspension is foamed, dried and cured and firmly connected to the cardboard tray. After about 70 seconds the finished packaging tray is removed from the customer Taken composite material.

Die Schale hat ein spezifisches Gewicht von 190 kg/m3 und ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften als Verpackungsmaterial. Sie verbindet hohe Festigkeit mit niedrigem Gewicht, hat kälte- und wärmeisolierende, stoßabsorbierende und antistatische Eigenschaften und ist sowohl biologisch schnell abbaubar und kompostierbar als auch in der Papierindustrie hervorragend recycelbar.The shell has a specific weight of 190 kg / m 3 and excellent properties as a packaging material. It combines high strength with low weight, has cold and heat insulating, shock absorbing and antistatic properties and is both quickly biodegradable and compostable and also excellently recyclable in the paper industry.

Claims (22)

1. Verbundmaterial, bestehend aus einer Schaumstoff­ schicht und mindestens einem weiteren Schichtmaterial, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaumstoff ein gehärte­ ter Stärkeschaum ist und die Schichten in situ ohne Haftvermittler miteinander verbunden sind.1. Composite material consisting of a foam layer and at least one further layer material, characterized in that the foam is a hardened ter starch foam and the layers are bonded together in situ without an adhesion promoter. 2. Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum native Stärke enthält.2. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the starch foam contains native starch. 3. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum modifizierte Stärke enthält.3. Composite material according to one of claims 1 or 2, because characterized in that the starch foam modified Contains starch. 4. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum eingefärbt ist.4. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 3, because characterized in that the starch foam is colored is. 5. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum Fasern und/oder Füllstoffe enthält.5. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 4, there characterized in that the starch foam fibers and / or contains fillers. 6. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Schichtmaterial aus Papier, Pappe, Karton, Textil aus natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Fasern, aus Glas und/oder Kera­ mikfasern und/oder Mischgeweben, Holzfurnier, Leder, Kunstleder, Folie aus synthetischen, biopolymeren und me­ tallischen Werkstoffen, Filme aus synthetischen und/oder biopolymeren Werkstoffen, die bei der Herstellung des Ver­ bundmaterials in situ erzeugt werden, sowie Kombinatio­ nen der vorgenannten Materialien besteht. 6. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 5, there characterized in that the further layer material made of paper, cardboard, cardboard, textile made of natural and / or synthetic fibers, made of glass and / or Kera microfibers and / or blended fabrics, wood veneer, leather, Synthetic leather, synthetic, biopolymer and me metallic materials, films made of synthetic and / or biopolymer materials used in the manufacture of ver bundles are generated in situ, as well as combinatio NEN of the above materials.   7. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Schichtmaterial einseitig mit dem Stärkeschaum verbunden ist.7. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 6, there characterized in that the further layer material is connected on one side to the starch foam. 8. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Schichtmaterial bedruckt oder bedruckbar ist.8. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 7, there characterized in that the further layer material is printed or printable. 9. Verbundmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Schichtmaterial aus mehreren Schichten besteht.9. Composite material according to one of claims 1 to 8, there characterized in that the further layer material consists of several layers. 10. Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stärkeschaum zwischen den mehreren Schichten an­ geordnet ist.10. Composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that the starch foam appears between the multiple layers is ordered. 11. Verpackungsmaterial, bestehend aus dem Schichtverbundmate­ rial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, insbesondere zur Verpackung von Süßwaren.11. Packaging material consisting of the layered composite rial according to one of claims 1 to 10, in particular for Packaging of confectionery. 12. Verfahren zum Herstellen des Schichtverbundmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, mit den Schritten:
  • a) Einbringen einer Stärkesuspension und mindestens eines weiteren Materials in ein Formwerkzeug,
  • b) Aufschäumen der Stärkesuspension,
  • c) Aushärten des Stärkeschaums und gleichzeitiges Ver­ binden mit dem weiteren Material zum Ausbilden des Verbundmaterials und
  • d) Entformen des Verbundmaterials.
12. A method for producing the layered composite material according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps:
  • a) introducing a starch suspension and at least one further material into a mold,
  • b) foaming of the starch suspension,
  • c) curing the starch foam and simultaneous Ver bind with the other material to form the composite material and
  • d) demolding the composite material.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Formwerkzeug vor dem Schritt a) aufgeheizt wird.13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the mold is heated before step a). 14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß in Schritt a) eine wäßrige Stärkesuspension eingebracht wird. 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in net that in step a) an aqueous starch suspension is introduced.   15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, 13 oder 14, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß in Schritt a) eine eingefärbte Stärkesus­ pension eingebracht wird.15. The method according to claim 12, 13 or 14, characterized records that in step a) a colored starch sauce pension is brought. 16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) die Stärkesuspension eingespritzt wird.16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized characterized in that in step a) the starch suspension is injected. 17. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) die Stärkesuspension durch Druck aufgeschäumt wird.17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized characterized in that in step a) the starch suspension is foamed by pressure. 18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Schichtma­ terial vor der Stärkesuspension eingebracht wird.18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further layer material is introduced before the starch suspension. 19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Schichtma­ terial als flüssiges und/oder festes, pulverförmiges Ma­ terial eingebracht wird und ein Film erzeugt wird, der mit dem Stärkeschaum das Schichtverbundmaterial ausbil­ det.19. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further layer material as a liquid and / or solid, powdery material material is introduced and a film is produced that Train the composite material with the starch foam det. 20. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) das weitere Schichtma­ terial vorgeformt eingebracht wird.20. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized characterized in that in step a) the further layer material preformed is introduced. 21. Verfahren nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Material schalenartig vorgeformt wird. 21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that the other material is pre-shaped like a bowl becomes.   22. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt a) eine Stärkesuspension bestehend aus 20-45% granulärer Stärke, 0-10% Quell­ stärke und Wasser eingebracht wird, wobei das Formwerk­ zeug auf eine Temperatur von 180-270°C, vorzugsweise 200-250°C, aufgeheizt wird und der Schritt c) nach 30-90 Sekunden, vorzugsweise nach 45-75 Sekunden, erfolgt.22. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 21, characterized characterized in that in step a) a starch suspension consisting of 20-45% granular starch, 0-10% swell starch and water is introduced, the molding testify to a temperature of 180-270 ° C, preferably 200-250 ° C, is heated and step c) after 30-90 Seconds, preferably after 45-75 seconds.
DE19924228779 1992-08-28 1992-08-28 Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production Expired - Fee Related DE4228779C2 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924228779 DE4228779C2 (en) 1992-08-28 1992-08-28 Biodegradable composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for its production
PCT/EP1993/002323 WO1994005492A1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for preparing the same
AT93919203T ATE137165T1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIODEGRADABLE LAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
ES93919203T ES2086961T3 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIOLOGICALLY DEGRADABLE STRATIFIED COMPOSITE MATERIAL, BASED ON HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.
EP19930919203 EP0656830B1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and process for preparing the same
DE59302388T DE59302388D1 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 BIODEGRADABLE LAYER COMPOSITE MATERIAL ON THE BASIS OF HARDENED STARCH FOAM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DK93919203T DK0656830T3 (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminate material based on cured starch foam and process for its preparation
JP50684994A JPH08500547A (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on hardened starch foam and method of making same
CA 2143432 CA2143432C (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-27 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on cured starch foam and method for preparing it
CN93117042A CN1052187C (en) 1992-08-28 1993-08-28 Biodegradable laminated composite material based on cured starch foam and method for preparing it

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DE9401607U1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1994-09-15 Knebelsberger, Jürgen, 85354 Freising Planting and growing pots
DE4431755A1 (en) * 1994-09-06 1996-03-07 Biotec Gmbh & Co Starch foam sandwich panel
DE19516361A1 (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-07 Buna Sow Leuna Olefinverb Gmbh Biodegradable packaging material
DE19720661A1 (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Schurig Juergen Substrate for circuit board
DE102008028394A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-31 Amphenol-Tuchel Electronics Gmbh Compostable packaging for electronic components
DE102011014740A1 (en) 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 Hochschule Merseburg (Fh) Biocomposite comprises starch-based foam fraction of defined particle size and bio-based binding agent formed as pressed structural component

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DE4317694A1 (en) * 1993-05-27 1994-12-01 Biotec Biolog Naturverpack Molded part made of starch foam
DE4431777C2 (en) * 1994-09-06 1997-04-10 Biotec Gmbh & Co Molded part made of starch foam
CA2202869C (en) * 1994-10-21 2004-11-23 Per Just Andersen Foamed starch compositions, articles and methods
AT404106B (en) * 1996-04-01 1998-08-25 Markus Dipl Ing Rettenbacher Thermoplastically deformable moulded part based on a wood matrix in combination with a thermoplastic material
FR2791603B1 (fr) * 1999-04-01 2001-05-25 Agro Ind Rech S Et Dev Materiau biodegradable multicouche a base d'amidon ainsi que son procede de fabrication
WO2002020238A1 (en) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Ato B.V. Expanded biopolymer-based articles and process of producing these
DE10309968A1 (en) 2003-03-07 2004-09-23 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Method for producing a layer system comprising a metallic carrier and an anode functional layer
US11285650B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2022-03-29 Joseph Wycech Pellet based tooling and process for biodegradable component
US10131072B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-11-20 Joseph Wycech Pellet based tooling and process for biodegradeable component
TR201901465A2 (en) * 2019-01-31 2020-08-21 Skalanova Etiket Ve Tekstil Aksesuarlari San Ve Tic Ltd Sti BIO FABRIC
DE102020210811A1 (en) * 2020-08-27 2022-03-03 Benecke-Kaliko Aktiengesellschaft Easily recyclable films and artificial leather materials based on biopolymers for short-term use and controlled decomposition into monomers
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9401607U1 (en) * 1994-02-01 1994-09-15 Knebelsberger, Jürgen, 85354 Freising Planting and growing pots
DE4431755A1 (en) * 1994-09-06 1996-03-07 Biotec Gmbh & Co Starch foam sandwich panel
DE4431755C2 (en) * 1994-09-06 2000-05-25 Biotec Biolog Naturverpack Starch foam sandwich panel
DE19516361A1 (en) * 1995-05-04 1996-11-07 Buna Sow Leuna Olefinverb Gmbh Biodegradable packaging material
DE19720661A1 (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-19 Schurig Juergen Substrate for circuit board
DE102008028394A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-31 Amphenol-Tuchel Electronics Gmbh Compostable packaging for electronic components
DE102011014740A1 (en) 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 Hochschule Merseburg (Fh) Biocomposite comprises starch-based foam fraction of defined particle size and bio-based binding agent formed as pressed structural component

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