DE3802241C2 - - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electronic control unit for Motor vehicles whose basic equipment in particular a Central unit, a program memory, a data memory for several, different variants assigned Records, an input / output unit with several inputs and output channels and a code memory for at least a codeword includes, over which of a respective embodiment assigned record is selectable.

Electronic control systems of motor vehicles are used in the practice of fulfilling a variety of different Tasks or functions, depending on the vehicle type, drive unit as well as basic and additional equipment or aggregates only a specific combination of all Total possible tasks to cover the individual Motor vehicle variant required is.

Different sensors and actuators are required in usually different input and output circuits in the ECU hardware.  

To meet the different requirements and adjustments So far, it is common practice for the respective Controllers different specific programs provided.

Thus, for example, in a known from DE 29 52 500 A1 Control unit of the type mentioned the basic equipment from the beginning for a given number of Sensors of a specific genus and for a precisely predetermined consistent functionality designed. To the To take account of the fact that with sensors one and the same Genus, such. B. temperature sensors, the various Sensor types of this genus have different characteristics have, is provided in the data memory at the same time several, the different types of this one genus to provide associated records. The selection of the each record is done via a selector switch. This known control device is therefore indeed for several Sensor types of one and the same type or function can be used. Unfavorable, however, is that in particular the respective Range of functions and thus also the respective equipment or Hardware equipment of the respective motor vehicle from the outset is fixed.

In practice, the adaptation of such electronic leads Control device to the individual motor vehicle embodiment variant despite the consideration of a certain Type diversity within certain Sensorgattungen to a Variety of control unit design variants. Corresponding the storage and handling are complicated in production and customer service.

In one known from DE 33 09 802 C2 controller different data sets for special calibration of each provided used sensor type. Here are  the records are stored in different PROMs. The Adaptation of a control unit to the respective requirements takes place in that this with the special PROM memory module is equipped. The number of different control unit variants is thereby additionally increased.

The object of the invention is an electronic control unit of the type mentioned above, both in the Production as well as in the service in a simple way possible many different, especially in functional Regarding different variants of motor vehicles can be adapted quickly and reliably.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the Basic equipment at the same time for several, by different Control program sections and input and / or output channels certain functional and / or assembly variants the vehicle equipment is designed and additionally the associated Control program sections and input and / or output channels depending on the content of the code memory to be activated.

Due to this training, the electronic Steuerge advises with appropriate equipment for all com be used with different design variants, being adapted for adaptation to the respective functional and / or hardware variant only to change the code word is. As a result, in particular, an optionally be made Extension of the functionality at any time without problems possible without requiring another control unit would.  

An extension of the design variants and adaptation to the equipment level of the vehicle in question is short possible in due time, as this is only the code in question must be changed. In this work accounts for special other assembly times. In particular, are also simplest Pro programming devices, even for smaller ones Workshops are eligible. With the use of the genann ten codewords is in a particularly advantageous manner in particular dere also created the opportunity to this codeword For example, read out in a diagnostic system and with a and the same codeword also program branches in a jewei to carry out a regular test program.

Further, if necessary, only a codeword changed who the must, is the generally in motor vehicle repair shops completed customer service completely unproblematic.

Due to the fact that, for example, in the relate only very few data can be programmed in the workshop reprogramming is the risk of transmission failure practically excluded. Basically, one Um Programming the code word, which usually off can consist of a single byte.

The codeword used, for example, make a difference The logical values of the binary digits are different Function and / or voting variants fixed. It would be conceivable For example, the following combination options:

The first bit 0 alternatively controls a load control an absolute pressure sensor or a load control via a Load signal from the air flow meter of the injection system. The second bit 1 of the codeword alternatively activates an empty running control with a speed and load-dependent empty  running characteristic or an idle control with an idle characteristic-contact tag. Bit 2 of the codeword determines whether a fuel cut control preferably with a Zündwin Limit change is activated or not. bit 3 of the codeword sees an alternative choice between one Ignition control with two maps (16 × 16) with lastgradi dependent switching and an ignition control with a Characteristic map (32 × 16) with assigned idle characteristic. Bit 4 determines if a controller with gearbox intervention or should be done without gear engagement. With a logic level 1 of the bit 5 is a function variant with electronic Ab Gas recirculation can be activated. The codeword bit 6 determines whether a dynamic adaptation is performed or not. closing Lich, the last bit 7 of the code word indicate whether to Speed determination of a hall trip or an inductive one Crankshaft release is used. The remaining radio In the example described, these are independent of the jewei active codeword always activated.

The controllers can be hardware-based for multiple, however only for part of the total possible execution variant be stocked. With such a fitting are at For example, the design variants considered in of the production line in question. in this connection The control units supplied to the band can be either on Band - d. H. near the band, but independent of the cycle time - programmed with the possible data sets become. But you can also programmed ready to use to be delivered.

At the time of installation in the vehicle or later becomes the specific for the vehicle variant Code word entered into the code memory to match the fit to control or release the special controller version give.  

Such a hardware part assembly can in particular one optimal compromise between the resulting cost wall and a simple way of building. This will reduces the risk of confusion and a quick Programming in the cycle time allows.

According to a further embodiment, the used Code word, for example, generate the following ignition system:

• - Load detection via a pressure sensor
• - Speed measurement via a Hall sensor
• - Two Zündwinkelkennfelder z. B. for two from the outside selectable fuel qualities
• - fuel cut control
• - No exhaust gas recirculation control
• - No electric intake manifold heating
• - Data record no. 2 active
• - Idling characteristic integrated in the map.

However, it can also be a full loading, d. H. a component the control unit for all intended Ausführungsvari antenna, be provided.

This variant is particularly suitable for customer service as a replacement control device or for test purposes, since only one tax device is needed or must be kept in stock, with all possible or all vehicle Variants can be maintained. In particular in exotic country variants this is of particular importance part.

The software, d. H. the program and / or data is ent neither provided for all variants or but, if the amount of data should be too large  te, put together in useful variant packages and as Module provided for retrofitting. There is virtually no limit to the record size.

In the workshop, only the special code memory ge load or additionally a block or variant package ge be infected. Loading the special code memory or the writing of the desired code word or the desired Ten codewords can be used with the simplest programming devices be performed.

Since only a little programming must be done, so are the errors low sources.

Another advantage is that the several different off management programs and data sets in the Compared to reversible EEPROM memory space kosteni can be stored more ROM memories. Independent of the extent of the program concerned and the The data records that remain are required for customer service Programming time is the same and very low, as always only the Codeword is to change accordingly.

Finally, there is better protection against transmission errors learn the control programs and records given, because only complete datasets and program compilations about the or the code bytes can be selected.

Advantageously, the code word receiving the code word is cher associated with the data store and preferably in this integrated. The code word is expediently part the bandend programmable data. It can also be a two division of the band programming be provided. In these preferred embodiments are not additional An Required connections in the plug. Additional cables fall not on. There are also no additional plugs and / or Bridges required.  

The code word recorded in the code memory preferably comprises several binary digits, where different logic values of Binary places each have different individual Ausfüh set variant variants. In each bit can therefore a kind Yes-no decision to be made depending on from one program section or the other to aktivie or alternatively to select a relevant program section control or not. The same applies to the records and the Input / output channels of the basic equipment.

The code memory can be part of an internal memory of a intelligent building block, z. B. a microcontroller. In this case, a PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory), an E-PROM (Erasable ROM) or a EE-PROM (Electrical Erasable PROM) be provided.

The code memory can also be part of an external memory chers form. The external memory can be a memory chip outside of the intelligent building block, z. B. microprocessor or controller, but still in the control unit as PROM, E-PROM or EE-PROM. This external memory can also include the program and / or data storage.

Basically, there is also a special memory in the Steuerge advises, for. As a code PROM or a code EE-PROM conceivable.

The code memory can also outside the Steuergerätegehäu ses lie.

According to another particularly advantageous Ausführungsvari Ante the basic equipment includes a diagnostic and / or Tester connection. Conveniently, the basic equipment also an output of the codeword to an electronic test include system.  

The code word can therefore be from an electrical test and / or Test system are read out and then in this again to control or compile test program serve. As a result, even in such a test and / or test system for a uniform test program for realize different design variants, what in the service to a substantial simplification of the review and to Reduction of error sources leads.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Embodiments of the invention will be described below the drawing explained in more detail; in this shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an electronic device's control with associated input and output channels,

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a code memory on facing electronic control unit,

Fig. 3 is a flowchart with program steps dependent on the code word idle Kennlinienan optionally,

Fig. 4 is a flowchart with program steps dependent on the code word selection map, and

Fig. 5a-5i is a flow chart of the insurance in another Ausfüh tion variant of the controller in dependence on the code word program steps.

In Fig. 1, a particular ge for motor vehicles provided electronic control unit 10 is shown schematically, the input channels 12-30 and output channels 32-44 are assigned.

This input or input and output or Ausgabekanä le are realized by at least one input / output unit 58 of the electronic motor vehicle control unit 10 and can be released or activated in response to a recorded in a code memory 52 code word or ( Fig. 2).

The realized by the input / output unit 58 input channels 12-30 include several detectors or sensors 60 are assigned, which access either directly or via ent speaking converter 62 to the input / output unit 58 of the electronic control unit 10 .

On the other hand, the output channels 32-44, in particular actuators 66 may be assigned, which are connected either via power amplifiers 64 or directly to the input / output unit 58 .

The input / output unit 58 supplied input signals Kings nen example of a crank angle sensor, air mass sensor, engine temperature sensor, an ignition switch, Ge gear selector switch and also an input unit originate. On the output side, for example, a throttle actuator, idle air mass actuator, a Einspritzven valve, a distributor, an exhaust gas recirculation actuator Getrie be actuators, power source relay, an output data display unit, an output and / or input unit and communication channels of and / or be provided to other Steuergerä th.

The electronic control unit 10 supplied input signals are used to control various functional processes in the internal combustion engine such as the metering of fuel, the idle air quantity, the ignition timing and the like.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the input / output unit 58 is connected via a system bus 56 to a central unit 46 of the electronic control unit 10 .

The system bus 56 is also a program memory 48 , a data storage as well as the memory 50 for receiving at least one code code 52 assigned. A clock 54 provides the central unit 46 the necessary Taktimpul se.

The central unit 46 , the system bus 56 , the input / output unit 58 , the clock 54 , the program memory 48 and the data memory 50 comprehensive basic equipment of the electronic vehicle control unit is simultane- ously designed for several different individual Ausführungsva variants.

In the code memory 52 an existing in the present example of a codebase code word is stored, which determines the per spective individual embodiment. The program sections, data records, input and / or output channels 12 to 30 belonging to the selected individual embodiment variant; 32 - 44 can be activated or controlled as a function of the code word contained in the code memory 52 .

In this basic configuration of the electronic control unit 10 , in particular different hardware versions, such as, for example, different component variants, may also be taken into account. The required tuning of the embodiment variant with a realized hardware output is likewise effected via the code word 52 contained in the code memory.

The program memory 48 contains a standard program with a plurality of subroutines, which are activated by a corresponding code word or their combination.

The electronic control unit 10 may be formed as a bandendeprogram mable device, the code memory 52 preferably represents a part of the bandendeprogrammierbaren memory units.

The code memory 52 can in particular be assigned to the data memory 50 and integrated in it.

In the described embodiment, the by the codeword definable execution or Abstimmenungsva in particular the ignition control, a thrust shutoff device, self-diagnosis, a PTC (positive temperature coef cent) control and electronic exhaust gas recirculation.

For this purpose, the input channel 12 of the electronic Steuerge apparatus 10, a Hall speed sensor and the input channel 14 is associated with an inductive speed sensor. In the case of the respectively realized functional variant, in this case only one of the two sensors is normally provided, the corresponding voting being carried out via the assigned code word.

For example, the Hall speed sensor is a speed transmitter provided in the distributor. On the other hand is the inductive speed sensor in the crankshaft be provided.

Further, the input channel 16 of the controller 10 is an oil temperature sensor, and the input channel 18 is associated with an octane plug. About such a Oktanzahlstecker is, for example, an octane adapter over external resistors or two resistors and a second code byte for such an octane number adaptation in at least eight stages over at least eight characteristics possible.

The input channel 20 is provided for a pressure sensor, which may be in particular an absolute pressure sensor for load detection.

It may also be provided a channel for an air mass flow meter. The input channel 28 is a digital load input for load detection in a spray variant. Instead, a communication channel may be provided to receive load information from an injection system.

The input channel 22 is intended for a digital coding plug.

The input channel 24 are assigned to two mass switchable for idle / full-load signaling.

The input channel 26 is a transmission input for receiving signals originating from the transmission (here by electronic control unit).

The input channel 30 is finally assigned to a diagnostic line or diagnostic stimulus line.

The output channels 32-44 of the electronic control unit 10 provide in the described embodiment, a rotational speed signal, ignition signal, fuel cut signal, exhaust gas recirculation signal and a PTC (positive Temperaturkoeffizi ent) signal, while the output channel 44 of a bi-directional diagnostic line (A / Output) is assigned. These output signals can act at least partially Stellglie 66 .

The codeword inscribable in the code memory 52 is shown as a code byte with 8 bits, wherein different logic values of the binary digits each define different function and / or voting variants. Accordingly, depending on the logic values of these bits, the corresponding input channels 12-30 and / or output channels 32-44 , program parts and / or data sets are activated.

Thus, the first bit 0 of the code memory 52 contained nen code byte or code word controls alternatively a load control via an absolute pressure sensor or a load control via a load signal from the air flow meter of the injection system.

The second bit 1 of the codeword alternatively activates one Idling control with a speed and load-dependent Idling characteristic or an idle control with a Idle characteristic touch dialing.

Bit 2 of the codeword determines whether a fuel cut control preferably with a Zündwinkeländerungsbegrenzung akti to be fourth or not.

Bit 3 of the codeword sees an alternative choice between an ignition control with two maps (16 × 16) with last gradient-dependent switching and an ignition control with a map (32 × 16) with assigned idle characteristic in front.

Bit 4 of the codeword contained in code memory 52 determines whether to control with gear engagement (logic level 1) or without gear engagement.

With a logic level 1 of the bit 5 of the codeword is a Function variant with electronic exhaust gas recirculation acti vierbar.  

The codeword bit 6 determines whether a dynamic adaptation by is guided or not.

The last bit 7 of the codeword finally indicates whether to Speed determination of a hall trip or an inductive one Crankshaft release is used.

The remaining functions are in the present embodiment example always activated independently of the respective code word.

In Fig. 3, individual, performed by the electronic control unit 10 program steps for idle characteristic curve selection are shown.

After the start of the relevant motor vehicle is first the codeword bit 1 queried. Does this bit have a logic pe gel 0 on, it is first a check then, whether the required idle condition is met. Is this In this case, a speed- and load-dependent idling Characteristic selected. Otherwise, a transition to another part of the program.

It turns out that the codeword bit 1 logic 1 level indicates, the codeword bit 3 is checked. In any case First of all, there is a check of the idling condition in turn, if necessary, into another program Part to pass. Otherwise, if there is a Lo gikpegels 1 for the codeword bit 3 a contact-controlled Idling characteristic activated without changeover. Is this Logic level 0, the temperature is switched between two contact-controlled no-load characteristics 1 and 2. The Off selection of the one or the other idle characteristic takes place depending on the oil temperature.  

The program loop eventually leads back to the start to to retrieve the codeword bit 1 again.

In Fig. 4 individual program steps of the electronic control unit 10 are shown for map selection.

After the start, a check is made first, whether the map condition is fulfilled. Is not this the If so, another part of the program is accessed.

Otherwise, the codeword bit 3 is checked. Rejects this Codeword bit 3 logic level 1, so is a map (32 × 16) controlled without changeover.

On the other hand, if the logic level of this codeword bit 3 is 0, then it follows, for example, a load gradient-dependent switching between two maps 1 and 2. The selection of concern The map is dependent on the pressure differences or load signal difference.

Finally, the program loop again leads to the start to return to the presence of the map condition check.

In FIGS . 5a to 5i, a flowchart of the program program executed in a further embodiment of the controller as a function of a respective codeword is shown.

According to this embodiment, an ignition system is to follow the functional scope obtained and be suitable for the following Ausfüh insurance variants.
functionality:

• - Kennfeldzündwinkelsteuerung (speed, load and tempera turabhängig), with the speed and load detection choice wise by two different principles can, e.g. Hall-inductive speed detection or sub pressure / digital load detection.
• - The ignition angle control should either via a map or two externally selectable maps, e.g. for two al ternative fuels.
• - In addition, the following functions should be controllable:
  • - fuel cutoff
  • - Exhaust gas recirculation
  • - Electric intake manifold preheating.

In addition, for example, several, are present the embodiment two, voting variants (Datas ze) optionally selectable.

The control unit is equipped with a self-diagnosis.

The binary digits of the control byte are each following Be to interpret:

Bit 0:
State 0: load detection via pressure sensor
State 1: Load detection digital signal

Bit 1:
State 0: Speed detection Hall sensor
State 1: Speed measurement inductive sensor

Bit 2:
State 0: a firing angle map
State 1: two ignition angle maps, externally selectable

Bit 3:
State 0: fuel cutoff active
State 1: no fuel cut

Bit 4:
State 0: exhaust gas recirculation active
Condition 1: no exhaust gas recirculation

Bit 5:
State 0: electrical intake manifold preheating active
Condition 1: no electric intake manifold preheating

Bit 6:
State 0: LL characteristic integrated in the map
State 1: LL characteristics Contact selection

Bit 7:
State 0: Data set 1 active
State 1: Data set 2 active.

The second variant of the controller is for all sorts designed soft and hardware variants. The activation of the record and the functions for the desired variant is again on the or the so-called control bytes.

In the concrete case, the used control byte has the following Structure:

Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 State: 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0

The flow chart shown in Figs. 5a to 5i can be a individual, denote for the present embodiment denote the program steps, the indicated each with a double arrow paths indicate the program sequence corresponding to said control byte. Up to the interface 5 he follows the query once when starting the engine.

As can be seen from the flow chart according to FIGS . 5a to 5i, the code byte or codeword used generates the following ignition system:

• - Load detection via a pressure sensor
• - Speed measurement via a Hall sensor
• Two ignition angle maps, e.g. for two from the outside selectable fuel qualities
• - fuel cut control
• - No exhaust gas recirculation control
• - No electric intake manifold heating
• - Data record no. 2 active
• - Idling characteristic integrated in the map.

Claims (21)

1. Electronic control device for motor vehicles, the basic equipment in particular a central processing unit, a program memory, a data memory for several, different variants associated data records, an input / output unit with multiple input and output channels and a code memory for at least one codeword includes, over which the a set of variants associated with each variant is selected, characterized in that the basic equipment is designed for several, by different control program sections and input and / or output channels ( 12 - 30 ; 32 - 44 ) specific function and / or equipment variants of the vehicle equipment and additionally the associated control program sections as well as input and / or output channels are activated as a function of the respective content of the code memory ( 52 ). 2. Electronic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the program memory ( 48 ) of the basic equipment for receiving a standard program with a plurality of program branches and / or subroutines designed and the program branches and / or the respective subroutine or the respective subroutine combination of the code word of the code memory ( 52 ) is activated. 3. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the codeword receiving code memory ( 52 ) associated with the data memory ( 50 ) and is preferably integrated in this. 4. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code memory ( 52 ) is an internal memory. 5. Electronic Steurgerät according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code memory ( 52 ) is an external memory. 6. Electronic Steurgerät according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code memory ( 52 ) is arranged outside of the control unit housing. 7. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code memory ( 52 ) is an irreversible memory as insbesonde re a PROM memory. 8. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code memory ( 52 ) is a reversible memory such as in particular an E-PROM memory (Erasable Prom) or an EE-PROM memory (Electrical Erasable Prom). 9. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the Co memory ( 52 ) recorded codeword includes several Binär Stel sources and different logic values of the binaries Stel each different individual Ausführungsva variants set. 10. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Codepei cher ( 52 ) is designed as a code plug or code switch. 11. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that an exter ner code plug or code switch is provided. 12. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as an alternative to the codeword of the Codepei chers ( 52 ) controllable individual Ausführungsvarian a load control via an absolute pressure sensor ( 20 ) and a load control over part load / full load lines includes. 13. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as an alternative to the codeword of the Codepei chers ( 52 ) controllable individual embodiment comprises a speed and load-dependent idle control and a contact selection of the idle characteristic. 14. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as from the code word of the code memory ( 52 ) optionally controllable individual embodiment includes a fuel cut control preferably with a Zündwinkel change limit. 15. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as an alternative to the codeword of the Codepei chers ( 52 ) controllable individual Ausführungsvarian th ignition control with two maps with Umschal device and an ignition control with a map with associated idle characteristic includes , 16. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the reason equipment as from the codeword either controllable indi viduelle variant a control with gearbox embracing. 17. Electronic control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as from the code word of the code memory ( 52 ) optionally controllable individual embodiment comprises an electronic exhaust gas recirculation. 18. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment as from the code word of the code memory ( 52 ) optionally controllable individual embodiment comprises a control with a dynamic adaptation. 19. Electronic control unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic equipment comprises a Hall-speed sensor (12) and / or an inductive speed sensor (14) and in that the se sensors (12, 14) alternatively from the code word of the code memory ( 52 ) are controllable. 20. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding Claims,  characterized in that the reason outfit a diagnostic and / or tester connection summarizes. 21. Electronic control unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the reason an output of the codeword to an electroni beautiful test system includes.