DE3435093A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER WITH A PACK OF TUBES ARRANGED IN A HOUSING - Google Patents

Description

8/28/1984 84-B-22-5 - EZDP / Ri / wi

South German cooler factory Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co. KG

Mauserstr. 3, 7ooo Stuttgart

Heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in a housing

The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a tube bundle arranged in a housing of the im Preamble of claim 1 specified genus.

From DE-OS 31 1o 489 is already a heat exchanger known with a housing and a tube bundle arranged therein. The pipe ends of the heat exchanger pipes are held at the end in the tube sheet and are traversed by a first heat exchanger medium. That Housing consists of a metallic jacket tube, two housing rings and two covers that are secured by tie rods and nuts are braced against each other. The tube sheets are with the interposition of sealing rings held in the lids and the housing rings so that they can be moved within the framework of thermal expansion

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are. The housing rings have the connections for a second heat exchanger medium, which is inside the jacket tube flows around the outside of the heat exchanger tubes.

Such a heat exchanger is very complex in terms of its structure, since a large number of individual parts with costly machining operations and a large amount of assembly work are required. So the housing comprises five items, including the standard casing pipe a machining Post-processing must be subjected, otherwise a good contact of the parts to each other, in particular at the flange connection between the jacket pipe and the housing rings, would not be achievable. aside from that a large number of sealing rings is required to keep the housing parts against each other and against the Seal the tube sheet and the fluid circuits from each other to separate.

From US-PS 3,426,841 a tube bundle heat exchanger is known, in which the plastic pipes are held in a tube sheet also made of plastic material. The housing also consists of plastic parts, with a tubular central part with end caps is provided. The tubular middle part and the lid have flange-like collars at their ends, with each other between two opposing collars the edge of a tube sheet extends. There is a sealing ring between each collar and the tube sheet arranged. The housing parts are fastened by means of clamping rings in such a way that the flanges are attached to the tube sheet be pressed. The thermal expansion of the tube bundle

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must be absorbed by the elasticity of the tube sheet.

This heat exchanger is simple in structure due to the design of the housing parts and the fastening means, However, it has the disadvantage that it consists entirely of plastic parts. · The selection of the Plastic materials taken so that they come together are fusible, so that a fusion takes place at the outer edge of the tube sheet with the flange-like collars can. Quite apart from the fact that metallic heat exchangers are used for a large number of applications Materials are required and no plastics can be used, another problem is that the known arrangement can only be realized with a relatively elastic tube sheet. The use of a Tube bundle with a rigid tube sheet, which can be displaced to a limited extent in the housing, is not possible in this case. Finally, the known heat exchanger must be manufactured with small tolerances, since the opposite one another Surfaces of the flange-like collars and of the edge of the tube sheet in between are almost parallel run and thus tolerance compensation is not possible by further tightening the clamps.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a heat exchanger of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 To develop the genus in such a way that it consists of simply designed, inexpensive to manufacture parts, in which a large tolerance compensation is given and which is extremely simple in terms of assembly. In the case of a heat exchanger of the type mentioned, this object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features Features of claim 1 solved.

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The main advantages of the subject matter of the invention can be seen in particular in the fact that the heat exchanger consists of extremely few individual parts, these Parts can be produced with relatively large tolerances and do not require post-machining. It is achieved by the sealing element that it is used to seal the tube sheet against both to be braced Housing parts and at the same time to compensate for manufacturing tolerances and changes in length serves. The design of the tensioning means allows retensioning in a simple manner, whereby further screwing together the clamp results in a significant longitudinal displacement of the housing parts towards each other. In addition, the sealing arrangement allows considerable displacement as a result from thermal expansion without losing the exact sealing effect.

A preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention consists in the fact that the angles of two opposite edges are equal and approximately 6o ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the housing. This symmetrical cross-sectional shape of the connection arrangement has the advantage that the clamp also has a symmetrical cross-section and thus The sides cannot be mixed up during assembly. Depending on the arrangement of the heat exchanger however, it can be advantageous that, for example, the end pieces have an approximately right-angled edge and the edge of the housing opposite this is arranged at an angle of Z. 60 °. The clamp must then have an appropriately

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Have a fitting shape, but with a relative shift in the case of the edge with the smaller angle Tensioning of the clamps is guaranteed. Such an arrangement is particularly useful when the tube bundle with the jacket tube is to be inserted between fixed end pieces and the The tube sheet may only protrude slightly into the end pieces.

A particularly favorable embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is in combination with a leak indicator seen, which consists in the fact that the sealing ring on its surface facing the tube sheet a Has a groove running in the circumferential direction of the tube sheet and having at least one radial channel communicates in the sealing ring with the outside of the heat exchanger. Through this leak indicator, which can be integrated in the sealing ring in a favorable manner, in the event of a leak between the tube sheet and casing tube or between the tube sheet and the end piece the exiting fluid to the Outside of the heat exchanger diverted and prevented a transfer into the other heat exchanger fluid. In this way, damage due to the mixing of different fluids is avoided. By the exit of the leakage current is indicated that there is a leak. So that the Leakage current can not only escape at the connection points of the clamps, it is advantageous that the clamp has radial openings, the cross section of which is at least that of the radial channels in the seal corresponds. This also applies when the housing parts are clamped by the clamp and consequently occurring deformation of the sealing ring of the through

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gear is secured for any leakage current occurring, it is proposed that the groove by a rigid insert is formed and the radial channel is in the form of a dimensionally stable tube.

A preferred embodiment of the sealing ring is that its cross-sectional shape is a trapezoid corresponds, whose base surface on the tube sheet and whose side surfaces on the angled edges of the housing parts issue. In this way, the sealing ring rests over a large area on the respective sealing surfaces, regardless of how far the clamp is is attracted. Such an arrangement is particularly recommended when the angles of two are opposite edges are the same size.

If the angles of two opposing edges are different, the Sealing ring have a round cross-section. Such a sealing ring can be created in a simple manner adapt to any shape.

According to an expedient development of the subject matter of the invention, one of two is associated with each other Provide tensioning clamps with straps or a bracket to attach the heat exchanger. In this way separate fasteners and their assembly on the housing of the heat exchanger are not necessary. One Particularly simple and inexpensive production of the jacket tube is given by the fact that it consists of one drawn tubular body with molded connecting pieces for the second heat exchanger fluid.

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Lids with connections for the first heat exchanger fluid can be used as end pieces of the housing in a manner known per se be provided. However, it is also possible by the invention that the end pieces of the housing are formed by connecting pipes that have the same diameter as the jacket pipe. A special The advantage of this measure arises when these connecting pipes are connected by pipes that are already present Piping system are formed, whereby additional covers and connections for the first heat exchanger fluid can be saved.

Exemplary embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

In the drawing shows:

Figure 1

a tube bundle heat exchanger with clamp connection (partly in section)

Figure 2

an embodiment variant of the detail X in an enlarged view depiction

Figure 3

a view along the line III in Figure 1

Figure 4 a

a variant of Figure 2

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Figure 4b a sealing element · with a round

Cross-section in the unstressed state

Figure 5 shows the arrangement of a heat exchanger

in an existing pipeline system.

In Figure 1, a heat exchanger 1 is shown with a housing 2, the housing 2 being a metallic jacket tube 3 and two metallic end pieces designed as covers 4 and 4 *. The jacket tube 3 has two connections 5 and 6 for the inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger fluid. Like the one on the left in FIG. 1 shows a partial section shown, there is a tube bundle comprising several tubes 7 in the jacket tube 2, ends 8 of the tubes 7 being held in a rigid tube sheet 9.

The jacket tube 3 has at its end an outwardly directed, angled edge 1o, the angle C <between the edge 1o and the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger is approx. 6o °. The cover 4 also has a side facing the jacket tube 3 outwardly directed, angled edge 11, the also like the edge 1o of the jacket tube 3 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger 1 an angle o < of about 6o °. Between the two angled edges 1o and 11 is a sealing ring 12, the has a trapezoidal cross-section. The sealing ring 12 lies with its inner circumferential surface, i.e. with the base of the trapezoid, on the outer circumference of the tube sheet 9 and with its side surfaces on the angled edges

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dern 1o and 11 and thus simultaneously seals the Tube sheet 9 against jacket tube 3 and cover 4.

The same arrangement of angled edges 1o and 11 and the seal 12 is located at the other end of the jacket tube 3, namely where the cover 4 * is connected to the jacket tube 3. For fastening the lid 4 and 4 * to the casing tube 3 Clamps 13 and 14 are provided, whose cross-sectional shape ren the angled Ränd _# 1o and 11 corresponds. Two 'matching clamps 13 and 14 overlap the arrangement of angled edges 1o and 11 as well as the sealing ring 12 arranged between them almost over the entire circumference and are secured by screws 15 and nuts 16 that engage on tabs 13 * and 14 * of the clamps 13 and 14 , tensionable. The further the nuts are turned on the screws 15, the more the clamps 13, 14 sink onto the angled edges 1o and 11 and, through the inclined surfaces, cause the cover 4 or 4 * to move against the jacket tube 3. As a result, the pressing force acting on the sealing ring 12 is increased at the same time. As can also be seen from FIG. 1, connections 17 and 17 * for the first heat exchanger fluid are provided on the end faces of the covers 4 and 4 *.

In Figure 2, an embodiment variant of the detail X in Figure 1 is shown in an enlarged view. as well As in Figure 1, there are two angled edges 1o and 11 opposite, which have the same angle c <to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. Between the edges

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1o and 11 is the sealing ring 12 with trapezoidal Cross-section. On the surface 18 facing the tube sheet 9, the sealing ring 12 has a circumferential direction extending groove 19, which is connected to the outside via a channel 2o extending in the radial direction of the sealing ring 12 is in communication. Thus, the sealing ring 12 has two on the surface 18 Sealing sections, these two sections acting as separate seals. Namely, occurs on one the sealing sections a leak, the exiting heat exchanger fluid is through the groove 19 and the radial channel 2o is discharged to the outside and can therefore not get into the other heat exchanger fluid, which under certain circumstances would lead to considerable damage.

Since such sealing rings 12 usually consist of rubber-elastic materials, is to maintain the shape of the groove 19 a rigid insert 21 is provided. The radial channel 2o is dimensionally stable Tube 22 is formed. So that a leakage current that may occur not only at the ones formed by the tabs 13 *, 14 * Ends of the tabs 13, 14 can emerge, which is unfavorable depending on the installation position of the heat exchanger, the clamps 13 and 14 also have radial openings 23, so that when liquid escapes the Leakage can be detected very quickly.

In Figure 3 is a view along the line III-III in 1, the reference numerals from FIG. 1 being adopted for the same files. This view shows the cover 4 * with the edge larger in radius

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11 and the connection piece 17 *, through which a cutout of the tube sheet 9 with the ends 8 of the tubes fastened therein is visible. The pipe clamps 13 and 14 overlap each almost half the circumference of the edge 11, so that between the radially outwardly directed tabs 13 * and 14 * there is still a sufficient distance to the Clamping against each other by means of screws 15 and nuts 16 consists. At the lower clamp 14 is a Bracket 24 welded, which is provided at its protruding ends 25 with mounting holes 26 so that the Bracket 24 is used to attach the heat exchanger.

Figure 4 a shows a variant of the connection arrangement, whereby the end piece of the heat exchanger is to be formed by a pipe 27 of the piping system, which has the same diameter as the jacket pipe 3. The connecting pipe 27 has an approximately right angle outwardly directed edge 28, which is opposite an angled edge 29 of the jacket tube 3, wherein the edge 29 has an angle ex of approximately 50 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. Between the angled edges 28 and 2 9 and the tube sheet 9, in which the tube ends 8 are attached, is a Sealing ring 3o which rests on the circumference of the tube sheet 9 and on the angled edges 28 and 29. Of the Sealing ring 3o originally has a round cross section, as can be seen from Figure 4b; he However, due to its elasticity and the forces acting on it when clamping against each other, the angled edges 28 and 29 deformed so that a large-scale contact both at the angled edges , as also takes place on the tube sheet 9. The sealing ring 3o has the same as that already described in FIG

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Sealing ring 12 has a circumferential groove 19 with a reinforcing insert 21 and a tube forming the radial channel 2o. Corresponding to the angles of the edges 28 and 29 is a clamp 31 is provided, the legs 32 and 33 of which are adapted to the angles of the edges 28 and 29. aside from that the clamp 31 has a radial opening for the passage of leakage fluid. At the in 4 a shown connection arrangement results when the clamp 31 is tensioned, sliding against one another of connecting pipe 27 and jacket pipe 3 only because of the inclined surfaces of the edge 29 and of leg 32.

In Figure 5 it is use of the heat exchanger according to the invention shown schematically in an existing pipeline system. With reference numeral 27 are the connecting pipes which have the same diameter as the jacket tube 3 of the heat exchanger 1. The heat exchanger 1 is connected to the connecting pipes 27 in the same way by means of clamps 13 and 14, as described in detail in FIG. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 5, this Way the cover serving as end pieces, as shown in Figure 1, and the corresponding connecting pieces for the first heat exchanger fluid can be saved. Such a use of the heat exchanger is only possible because the connection arrangement has a large tolerance compensation with a reliable seal of the two circuits against each other.

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Claims (1)

8/28/1984 EZDP / Ri / wi 84-B-22 South German cooler factory Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co. KG D-7ooo Stuttgart 3o, Mauserstr. Claims {1, heat exchanger with a arranged in a housing ^ ^- "" tube bundle, the tubes are held in arranged at the end tube plate and are flowed through by a first heat exchange fluid, said housing having a metallic cladding tube, and two metal end pieces comprises and the tube sheet in the end pieces are held movably with the interposition of sealing means within the scope of the thermal expansion, the end pieces are braced with the jacket pipe therebetween through which a second heat exchanger fluid flows and which has connections for the second heat exchanger fluid, characterized in that the end pieces (4, 4 *, 27) and the casing pipe (3) are provided at their opposite ends with outwardly directed, angled edges (1o, 11, 28, 29), the angle (oO with respect to the longitudinal axis of the casing pipe (3) or the end pieces (4, 4 *, 27) is at least 45 ° and a maximum of 9o ° that a sealing ring (12, 3o) is provided on each tube sheet (9) i st, which pushes the tube sheet (9) against both the jacket 3 4 3 5 0 9 - 2 - 8/28/1984 EZDP / Ri / wi 84-B-22 pipe (3) as well as against the end piece (4, 4 *, 27) and at the same time between two opposite, angled edges (1ο, 11 or 28, 29) is clamped and that clamps (13, 14, 31) are provided are that grip over the angled edges (1o, 11 or 28, 29), and the shape of the clamping rings (13, 14, 31) corresponds to the opposite, angled edges (1o, 11, 28, 29). 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized ge mark ze ichnet that the angle (oQ of two opposing edges (1o, 11) are equal and are about 6o °. 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the angles of two opposing edges (28, 29) are different, with one edge (28) approximately an angle of 9o ° and the other edge (29) an angle of ^. Has 6o °. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing ring (12, 3o) on its surface (18) facing the tube sheet (9) has a circumferential direction of the Has the tube sheet running groove (19) which has at least one radial channel (2o) in the sealing ring (12, 3o) is in communication with the outside of the heat exchanger (1). 5. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that g e - - 3 - 8/28/1984 EZDP / Ri / wi 84-B-22 indicates that the clamp (13, 14, 31) has radial openings (23, 34), the cross section of which is at least that of the radial Channels (2o) in the sealing ring (12, 3o) corresponds. 6. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that that the groove (19) is formed by a rigid insert and the radial channel (2o) in the form of a dimensionally stable tube (22). 7. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing ring (12) has the cross-sectional shape of a Has trapezoid, the base surface (18) on the tube sheet and the side surfaces on the angled The edges (1o, 11) are in contact. 8. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the Sealing ring (3o) has a round cross-section. 9. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of two matching clamps (14) with tabs or a bracket (24) for Attachment of the heat exchanger (1) is provided. 1o. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, -A- 3435Ü93 - 4 - 8/28/1984 EZDP / Ri / wi 84-B-22 characterized in that the jacket pipe (3) from a drawn pipe body with molded connecting pieces (5, 6) for the second heat exchange fluid consists. 11. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as end pieces of the housing (2) cover (4; 4 *) with connections (17, 17 *) for the first heat exchanger fluid are provided. 12. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 - 1o, characterized in that the end pieces of the housing (2) are formed by connecting pipes (27) of the same diameter.