DE29801079U1 - Starting device for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Starting device for internal combustion enginesInfo
- Publication number
- DE29801079U1 DE29801079U1 DE29801079U DE29801079U DE29801079U1 DE 29801079 U1 DE29801079 U1 DE 29801079U1 DE 29801079 U DE29801079 U DE 29801079U DE 29801079 U DE29801079 U DE 29801079U DE 29801079 U1 DE29801079 U1 DE 29801079U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- drive shaft
- brush plate
- hub
- internal combustion
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Description
R. 32695R.32695
18.12.97 Ws/Pi18.12.97 Ws/Pi
ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70442 StuttgartROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70442 Stuttgart
Andrehvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen Stand der Technik Starting device for internal combustion engines State of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Andrehvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Eine derartige Andrehvorrichtung ist beispielsweise bekannt aus der DE-PS 29 23 004. Hier ist das kommutatorseitige Ende der Antriebswelle in der Nabe eines Deckels gelagert, welcher das Gehäuse der Andrehvorrichtung verschließt. Um die in dieser Nabe angeordnete Lagerstelle nach außen gegen eindringende Fremdkörper zu schützen, ist eine besondere, an den Deckel angeschraubte Abdeckkappe notwendig. Hierdurch wird auch die Fixierung der Antriebswelle des Andrehmotors unnötig kompliziert, der Aufwand an Bauteilen und die hieraus resultierenden Kosten verteuern die Andrehvorrichtung.The invention is based on a starting device for internal combustion engines according to the type of the main claim. Such a starting device is known, for example, from DE-PS 29 23 004. Here, the commutator-side end of the drive shaft is mounted in the hub of a cover, which closes the housing of the starting device. In order to protect the bearing point arranged in this hub from the outside against foreign objects penetrating it, a special cover cap screwed onto the cover is necessary. This also makes the fixing of the drive shaft of the starting motor unnecessarily complicated, and the number of components and the resulting costs increase the cost of the starting device.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
0 Die erfindungsgemäße Andrehvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß an der kommutatorseitigen Lagerstelle der Antriebswelle weniger Teile benötigt werden und daß vor allem die axiale Fixierung derselben und damit 5 des Ankers des Andrehmotors einfacher gestaltet ist. Damit0 The starting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that fewer parts are required on the commutator-side bearing point of the drive shaft and that, above all, the axial fixation of the same and thus 5 of the armature of the starting motor is simpler.
R. 32695R.32695
kann auch die die Schleifkohlen aufnehmende Bürstenplatte vereinfacht werden.The brush plate that holds the carbon brushes can also be simplified.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und Zeichnung.Further advantages of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the following description and drawing.
Zeichnungdrawing
Es zeigen die Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Andrehvorrichtung, Figur 2 eine Ansicht der Bürstenplatte, Figur 3 einen Längsschnitt nach Figur 2, Figur 4 einen Abwandlung des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 2, Figur 5 einen Längsschnitt nach Figur 4, Figur 6 eine Einzelheit.Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a turning device, Figure 2 shows a view of the brush plate, Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section according to Figure 2, Figure 4 shows a modification of the embodiment according to Figure 2, Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section according to Figure 4, Figure 6 shows a detail.
Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment
Das Gehäuse 10 der Andrehvorrichtung besteht aus einem zylindrischen Gehäuseteil 11 und einem Deckel 13, die durch 0 nicht weiter dargestellte Schrauben miteinander verbunden sind. Das zylindrische Gehäuseteil 11 ist hinten durch den Deckel 13 verschlossen, in dessen Mittelteil eine nach außen gerichtete, geschlossene Nabe 14 angeformt ist. In der Nabe 14 befindet sich eine Lagerstelle 15, in welcher das hintere Ende 17A der Antriebswelle 17 eines elektrischen Andrehmotors 18 gelagert ist, dessen Anker mit 19 bezeichnet ist. Radial außerhalb des Ankers befinden sich an der Wand des Gehäuseteils 11 mehrere Parmanentmagnete 20 des Andrehmotors.The housing 10 of the starting device consists of a cylindrical housing part 11 and a cover 13, which are connected to one another by screws not shown in detail. The cylindrical housing part 11 is closed at the back by the cover 13, in the middle part of which an outward-facing, closed hub 14 is formed. In the hub 14 there is a bearing point 15 in which the rear end 17A of the drive shaft 17 of an electric starting motor 18 is mounted, the armature of which is designated by 19. Radially outside the armature, on the wall of the housing part 11, there are several permanent magnets 20 of the starting motor.
Das vordere Ende der Antriebswelle 17 ist mit einem im Durchmesser reduzierten Endabschnitt 22 in einer achsgleich verlaufenden, nicht weiter dargestellten Sackbohrung 23 einer Abtriebswelle 24 gelagert. Das andere Ende der Abtriebswelle 24 ist in einem das Gehäuseteil 11The front end of the drive shaft 17 is mounted with an end section 22 with a reduced diameter in a coaxial blind bore 23 of an output shaft 24 (not shown in more detail). The other end of the output shaft 24 is mounted in a housing part 11
R. 32695R.32695
verschließenden Lagerschild 25 und einer an diesem angeformten Nabe 26 gelagert.closing bearing plate 25 and a hub 26 formed on it.
Die Antriebswelle 17 hat nahe ihrer dem Lagerschild zugewandten Ende eine Verzahnung 28 (Sonnenrad), in welche Planetenräder 2 9 eingegreifen, die auch mit einem außenliegenden, feststehenden Hohlrad 3 0 eines Planetengetriebes 31 kämmen (= Vorgelege). Ein Planetenträger 12 treibt die Abtriebswelle 24 an, auf welcher ein Freilauf 33 angeordnet ist, dessen Innenring einen Fortsatz 35 (Ritzel) aufweist, an dem eine Außenverzahnung 36 ausgebildet ist. Der Außenring 37 des Freilaufs 33 ist über ein Steilgewinde 38 mit der Abtriebswelle verbunden. Auf ihn wirkt eine sogenannte Einspurfeder 3 9 ein. Durch axiales Verschieben des Freilaufs 33 kann die Außenverzahnung 36 mit einem Zahnkranz 40 der Brennkraftmaschine zwecks des Startvorgangs in Eingriff gebracht werden. Dies geschieht mit Hilfe eines Einrückrelais 42, in welchem beim Einschalten des Stroms ein Magnetanker über einen Fortsatz 43 einen Hebel 44 verschwenkt, der über eine Kulisse 45, die zwischen Scheiben 46 liegt, den Freilauf 33 nach links verschiebt. Der Hebel 44 ist zweiarmig ausgebildet und mittels Zapfen 48, in einem gehäusefesten Lager 49 schwenkbar angeordnet. Auf diesen Vorgang ist nur kurz eingegangen, da nicht erfindungswesentlich.The drive shaft 17 has a toothing 28 (sun gear) near its end facing the bearing plate, in which planetary gears 29 engage, which also mesh with an external, fixed ring gear 30 of a planetary gear 31 (= countershaft). A planet carrier 12 drives the output shaft 24, on which a freewheel 33 is arranged, the inner ring of which has an extension 35 (pinion) on which an external toothing 36 is formed. The outer ring 37 of the freewheel 33 is connected to the output shaft via a steep thread 38. A so-called meshing spring 39 acts on it. By axially moving the freewheel 33, the external toothing 36 can be brought into engagement with a ring gear 40 of the internal combustion engine for the purpose of the starting process. This is done with the help of an engagement relay 42, in which, when the current is switched on, a magnetic armature pivots a lever 44 via an extension 43, which moves the freewheel 33 to the left via a guide 45, which lies between disks 46. The lever 44 is designed with two arms and is pivotably arranged in a bearing 49 fixed to the housing by means of a pin 48. This process is only briefly discussed, as it is not essential to the invention.
Die Antriebswelle 17 hat nahe ihrem hinteren lagerseitigen Ende 17A eine Ringnut 50, in welche eine Federstahl-Scheibe 51 mit einem entsprechend weiten Schlitz 51A eindringt - diese ist etwa U-förmig ausgebildet - und liegt einerseits an einer Schulter 52 des Deckels 13 an, andererseits an einer Bürstenplatte 53, welche mit dem Deckel 13 verschraubt ist. Die Bürstenplatte 53 ist einstückig und in den Figuren 2 bis 5 deutlich zu erkennen.The drive shaft 17 has an annular groove 50 near its rear bearing-side end 17A, into which a spring steel disk 51 with a correspondingly wide slot 51A penetrates - this is approximately U-shaped - and rests on the one hand on a shoulder 52 of the cover 13, and on the other hand on a brush plate 53 which is screwed to the cover 13. The brush plate 53 is in one piece and can be clearly seen in Figures 2 to 5.
R. 32695R.32695
An ihr sind insbesondere aus Kunststoff bestehende Bürstenhalter 54 bis 57 befestigt, in welchen Kohlen 58 bis 61 angeordnet sind, die sich unter Federdruck an einen Kommutator 63 anlegen, welcher an der Antriebswelle 17 angeordnet ist. Bei den Kohlen 59 und 60 handelt es sich um Minuskohlen, bei den Kohlen 58 und 61 um Pluskohlen. Diese sind über Anschlußlitzen 65, 66 an einen Kabelschuh 67 angeschlossen, der mit einem Kontakt 68 des Einrückrelais verbunden ist. Die Litzen 65, 66 durchdringen eine Dichtung 70, welche im Gehäuseteil 11 in einer Öffnung 71 angeordnet ist. Die Bürstenplatte ist mit Schrauben 62 am Deckel 13 befestigt.Attached to it are brush holders 54 to 57, made in particular of plastic, in which carbon brushes 58 to 61 are arranged, which are applied under spring pressure to a commutator 63, which is arranged on the drive shaft 17. The carbon brushes 59 and 60 are negative carbon brushes, while the carbon brushes 58 and 61 are positive carbon brushes. These are connected via connecting wires 65, 66 to a cable lug 67, which is connected to a contact 68 of the engagement relay. The wires 65, 66 penetrate a seal 70, which is arranged in an opening 71 in the housing part 11. The brush plate is attached to the cover 13 with screws 62.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 und 5 sind die beiden Anschlußlitzen 65, 66 mit einer Anschlußfahne 73 verbunden, die ein metallisches Biegeteil ist und durch die Dichtung nach außen hindurchdringt.In the embodiment according to Figures 4 and 5, the two connecting wires 65, 66 are connected to a connecting lug 73, which is a metallic bent part and penetrates through the seal to the outside.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29801079U DE29801079U1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Starting device for internal combustion engines |
ITMI990011 IT246456Y1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1999-01-12 | STARTING DEVICE FOR ENDOTHERMAL ENGINES |
FR9900439A FR2774131B1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1999-01-18 | STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29801079U DE29801079U1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Starting device for internal combustion engines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE29801079U1 true DE29801079U1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
Family
ID=8051627
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE29801079U Expired - Lifetime DE29801079U1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Starting device for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE29801079U1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2774131B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT246456Y1 (en) |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10103008A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Screw connecting device for vehicle starter motor cable shoe, has tight conductive collar coaxial with locking nut |
EP1376785A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of insertion of a brush holder plate in an electrical machine and auxiliary device for the use with the method |
DE102008044189A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush holder for electrical machine |
WO2011069800A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter device |
DE102010002997A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine i.e. starter device, for internal combustion engine, has sealing element comprising transit channel, and resilient deformable confinement including individual teeth for limiting transit channel in region of fixation zone |
DE102010064260A1 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2012-06-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine |
FR2976141A1 (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | ELECTRIC MACHINE |
DE102011081168A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical machine, particularly cranking device for use as starter for starting internal combustion engine of vehicle, has commutator armature unit with commutator provided with brush holder |
DE102011081166A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Switching-on device i.e. starter, for switching-on internal combustion engine of vehicle, has safety device arranged at distance from drive shaft such that safety device is independent of axial longitudinal backlash of drive shaft |
DE102011084233A1 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Turning device e.g. starter for cranking internal combustion engine in vehicle, has hub comprising shaft slot formed surrounding bearing point, for receiving axial fuse element |
DE102004046805B4 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2013-09-12 | Denso Corporation | Starter for cranking an internal combustion engine |
DE102012210682A1 (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine such as generator and starter for internal combustion engine of vehicle, has holding unit that is provided with contact surface portion for fastening of brush plate at commutator bearing |
DE102012223023A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Machine, particularly electric starting device, has shaft and torque transmitting unit, which is slidably mounted on shaft, where ring-shaped stop is arranged stationarily on shaft |
DE102012223922A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for starting internal combustion engine, has drive device comprising electrical motor, commutator energizing rotor and comprising contact surface, and sliding contact supported on surface that is designed in profiled manner |
DE102011090026A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2015-08-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | starter |
EP2390493A3 (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2017-05-03 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Starter motor in a starter for a combustion engine |
DE102016224489A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device and method for mounting a starting device |
EP2575239A3 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2017-10-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical machine and method for manufacturing an electrical machine |
FR3078209A1 (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-23 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | STARTER COMPRISING AN AXIALLY COMPRESSED BROOM DOOR |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012205519B4 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2020-12-24 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Arrangement for a starting device of an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2056632A7 (en) * | 1970-08-05 | 1971-05-14 | Nippon Denso Co | |
DE2923004A1 (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1980-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | TURNING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE3028807A1 (en) * | 1980-07-30 | 1982-02-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | ELECTRIC TURNING MOTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
US4665320A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-05-12 | Debello Robert J | Extended life starter motor |
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 DE DE29801079U patent/DE29801079U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-01-12 IT ITMI990011 patent/IT246456Y1/en active
- 1999-01-18 FR FR9900439A patent/FR2774131B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1227555A2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Screwed contact of electric cable lugs for a vehicle starter motor |
DE10103008A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Screw connecting device for vehicle starter motor cable shoe, has tight conductive collar coaxial with locking nut |
EP1376785A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of insertion of a brush holder plate in an electrical machine and auxiliary device for the use with the method |
DE102004046805B4 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2013-09-12 | Denso Corporation | Starter for cranking an internal combustion engine |
DE102008044189A1 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush holder for electrical machine |
WO2011069800A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter device |
DE102010002997A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine i.e. starter device, for internal combustion engine, has sealing element comprising transit channel, and resilient deformable confinement including individual teeth for limiting transit channel in region of fixation zone |
EP2390493A3 (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2017-05-03 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Starter motor in a starter for a combustion engine |
DE102010064260A1 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2012-06-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine |
EP2472098A1 (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Starter for a combustion engine |
FR2976141A1 (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | ELECTRIC MACHINE |
DE102011081166A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Switching-on device i.e. starter, for switching-on internal combustion engine of vehicle, has safety device arranged at distance from drive shaft such that safety device is independent of axial longitudinal backlash of drive shaft |
DE102011081168A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical machine, particularly cranking device for use as starter for starting internal combustion engine of vehicle, has commutator armature unit with commutator provided with brush holder |
EP2575239A3 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2017-10-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrical machine and method for manufacturing an electrical machine |
DE102011084233A1 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Turning device e.g. starter for cranking internal combustion engine in vehicle, has hub comprising shaft slot formed surrounding bearing point, for receiving axial fuse element |
DE102011090026A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2015-08-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | starter |
DE102012210682A1 (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine such as generator and starter for internal combustion engine of vehicle, has holding unit that is provided with contact surface portion for fastening of brush plate at commutator bearing |
DE102012223023A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Machine, particularly electric starting device, has shaft and torque transmitting unit, which is slidably mounted on shaft, where ring-shaped stop is arranged stationarily on shaft |
DE102012223922A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for starting internal combustion engine, has drive device comprising electrical motor, commutator energizing rotor and comprising contact surface, and sliding contact supported on surface that is designed in profiled manner |
DE102016224489A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device and method for mounting a starting device |
FR3078209A1 (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2019-08-23 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | STARTER COMPRISING AN AXIALLY COMPRESSED BROOM DOOR |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITMI990011U1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
FR2774131A1 (en) | 1999-07-30 |
FR2774131B1 (en) | 2000-06-16 |
IT246456Y1 (en) | 2002-04-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 19990701 |
|
R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 20010626 |
|
R151 | Utility model maintained after payment of second maintenance fee after six years |
Effective date: 20040505 |
|
R152 | Utility model maintained after payment of third maintenance fee after eight years |
Effective date: 20060331 |
|
R071 | Expiry of right |