DE2419423A1 - NON-WOVEN TEXTILE FABRIC AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURING - Google Patents

Description

PATENT ADVERTISER 9 A 1 Q A 9 ^

April 19, 1974 Application files: 75,705

PATBNTREMELDUNa

Applicant: Vyzkumny ustav pletarsky, Brno, Sujanovo name's ti 3

Title: Non-woven fabric and process for its manufacture

The invention relates to a non-woven textile fabric, in particular a sewing material, with one or double-sided pole layer, with good dimensional stability, pole fastening, good recovery capacity and Case, as well as a method for its manufacture.

The manufacture of textiles with a pile layer made of sewn-knitted fabrics, in particular blankets, clothing and Shoe lining, is very beneficial from an economic point of view. The simplest method will be a sewing material made from a fiber fleece is roughened in the usual way. The finished product

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does not speak however for more demanding applications, because it has a low dimensional stability and insufficient pole fastening.

The disadvantages arise directly from the construction of the sewing material in which the fibers are arranged in parallel layers and one above the other in the fleece and only be fastened by knitting through with a binding thread. In the roughened product, the yarn twist that is found in Roughening enables one fiber end to be pulled out a little while the other is twisted in the Yarn remains anchored.

When roughening the sewing material made from a fleece The scraper fittings grasp the fibers over the entire length of the surface and initially pull them in the form of loops. The loops made of natural or regenerated fibers of low strength tear, thereby shortening their length. The loops form from the large number of torn ones Thread ends have a dense pile layer, but the majority of these short fibers are made by the binding thread insufficiently held, so that this pole layer is very easily abraded and fails. High strength When roughened, synthetic fibers initially form irregular sticks between the rods formed from the binding thread Piles of loops that the formation of a sufficient

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do not allow a dense pile layer. By further intensive roughening that tears the fibers and to form a continuous, sufficiently dense pile layer is necessary, the scraper fittings excessively blunted and the stitching fabric experiences a significant reduction in width, which is an increase the basis weight and 'thus causes a reduced fall. In addition, there is a tendency to bulges and reinforced to form instability. The roughening of a sewing material made from a fiber fleece requires a higher number of passages on the raising machine compared to classic fabrics, without being able to achieve a comparable quality.

Some other manufacturing processes have already been proposed, the object of which was to provide those mentioned To eliminate disadvantages and to improve the performance properties of textiles of this type.

For example, a non-woven textile fabric is known, the middle layer of which is a sewing material, to which a fiber fleece is needled from one or both sides. This product aims to create a fabric be replaced by a cheaper sewing material. The disadvantage of such a sewing material is evident due to insufficient fiber fastening in the basic

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textile and noticeable through reduced dimensional stability.

According to another known method, the fleece is first knitted through and then needled between the rods of the binding thread. The disadvantage of this process can be seen in the fact that the flat structure only can be needled between the wales of the binding thread. Furthermore, there is the Risk of damage or splitting of the binding threads by the needles.

Another manufacturing method is also known in which the non-woven fabric intended for napping is known Textile is made up of two layers, each one through the meshes formed from its own fibers is solidified by working through. These two layers are then connected to each other with needles. Of the Disadvantages of this process are only mediocre dimensional stability and the tendency of the roughened goods to bulge.

Another method is also known, according to which a layer consisting of an elastomer foam film connected to a fabric or knitted fabric in the stitchbonding process and the finished product is napped * However, this method is very expensive because relatively valuable woven or knitted fabrics are used got to.

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Another method also deals with a similar problem. In this case, a sewn-knitted fabric with an elastomeric foam backing layer is applied one side with a fiber fleece and on the other side with a continuous fiber layer, which is formed from fibers drawn through the layer in a needling process. Afterward such a sandwich structure is processed in a stitchbonding process. The sewn fabric produced by this process can be applied to the one with the fleece Roughen the provided side relatively well. The roughening of the fibers of the Fleece formed back side to form a rich and dense pile layer also on the top side provided with a fleece is limited in that the number of fibers drawn through needles alone is not sufficient to form a dense pile layer and that cohesion is achieved through intensive roughening the foam layer is affected by the scratch fittings.

Finally, an active sewing material is also known in which the foam carrier layer is one or the other Side covered with a fleece consisting of transversely oriented fibers and the multilayer sheet is knitted through and roughened. With this sewing material

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there is the function of the elastomer foam carrier layer only in the insulation, but in no way causes a better fastening of the same without needling.

The known methods do not eliminate sufficiently all the disadvantages of sewing fabrics provided with a pile layer. Either it is too expensive to manufacture, or they have other disadvantages, such as B. an insufficiently dense pole layer and in particular insufficient attachment of the fibers in the pile layer.

The invention is based on the object of eliminating the known disadvantages and such a construction of the non-woven textile fabric that does not have any disadvantages of the previously known sewing materials with pole layer and which it while maintaining a simple manufacture and lower Production costs enables a sewing material with a denser density by means of a minimal number of operations and well anchored pole layer, good textile properties, fall, recovery capacity, dimensional stability, To produce strength and improved thermal insulation properties.

This object is achieved in that the non-woven textile fabric by a middle elastomer

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Foam backing layer is formed into that of both Side fibers of the outer layers consisting of transversely oriented nonwovens are needled into this middle Elastomer foam carrier layer by working through the entire surface structure with at least one system are anchored by binding chains.

The method of the present invention for making a nonwoven textile fabric consists in that in the middle elastomer foam carrier layer from both sides Fibers of the outer transversely oriented nonwovens are attached by needling, whereupon the whole fabric is knitted through with at least one system of binding warp threads. The structure, the appearance and the pattern can be made by roughening one or both of the outer layers, by using shrink or bicomponent fibers Spunbonded, textured or shrinkable binding threads etc. can be formed or changed.

The use of shrink or bicomponent fibers with subsequent thermal treatment increases the density and improves the attachment of the pole layer · Die on Sewing active substances produced in this way are particularly suitable as an imitation fur for clothing and shoe linings.

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The use of a spunbond as one of the layers is particularly suitable for the production of sewing fabrics for the shoe industry and for floor coverings. The top, which consists of filament-containing fleeces, has a high abrasion resistance and a minimal tendency to pill. For those intended for the shoe industry This surface layer consists of high-strength synthetic fibers, while the reverse side is predominantly made of sewn-on knitted fabrics Contains staple or natural fibers that have a high sweat absorption capacity have, wherein the back is preferably roughened.

Elastic textured or shrinkable binding threads In contrast to the smooth polyamide threads usually used, they ensure better fiber attachment of the roughened ones Pole layer. When roughening these polyamide threads, part of the fibers is pulled out of the loops of the binding thread, the tension of the loops slackens, so that the fiber bundles which are not contracted and loosened by the roughening hair and the fibers forming the pile layer fall out. When using highly elastic binding threads, the loop size adapts to the reduced number of fibers and prevents the fiber failure · When using shrinkable binding threads, the loop pulls as a result of thermal treatment after roughening and thus ensures the attachment of the fibers in the roughened pile layer.

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The sewing agent can be subjected to relaxation, e.g. B. by steaming, washing, dyeing or a thermal Treatment, or it can be one or both sides with a surface layer or back finish of one Dispersion or solution of synthetic polymer are solidified.

This is particularly necessary when high demands are made on the outer layers with regard to the abrasion and Pilling resistance can be made.

These properties are common to sewing fabrics for the shoe industry and of great importance for the walking layer of floor coverings. The active ingredients can also be used with an antistatic, dirt-repellent and flame-retardant Equipment to be provided.

The roughened pile layer of the active mowing material can be made using special processes that imitate the appearance of furs can be equipped. The pole layer can subsequently by spraying with the solvents for the chemical or synthetic fibers used, or by spraying with dispersions of synthetic thermoreactive polymers, possibly with the addition of thermoset resins be stabilized. This finish increases the fiber pile strength and also the dimensional stability of the product. The blankets produced in this way can be washed in household washing machines without their appearance affect negatively.

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Another type of imitation fur can be made by embossing the pile layer between heated, with relief patterns provided rollers or by shearing using a template.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. It shows:

1 shows a perspective view of a multilayered sewing material in partial section;

2 layers lying one on top of the other before needling; 3 shows the multilayer semi-finished product after needling; 4 shows the multi-layer product after sewing;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the device for producing the sewing agent according to the invention.

The sewing active substance 1 according to the invention (FIG. 1) consists of an elastomer foam carrier layer 2, which of both Pages with layers 3, 4 consisting of a fiber fleece, which are made by needling on both sides with the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 are connected, is provided. . Individual, needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer 2

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Fibers 5, 6 of layers 3, 4 are sewn after sewing of the needled structure consisting of layers 2, 3, 4 by means of binding warp threads 7 and 8 by pressing together the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 is firmly anchored in the same, as can be seen from FIG.

The multi-layered sewing material 1 is drawn in with one or more systems, optionally according to the pattern or inserted binding warp threads 7 and 8 knitted through so that these binding warp threads are drawn in according to the pattern or laying on the right side of the textile possibly a relief pattern 9 and on the left side of the sewing material 1 wale to form 10,

Fig. 5 shows schematically an embodiment of the device for the production of the sewing active substance according to the invention.

A needle machine 11 of known design is presented with a lap of an elastomer foam carrier layer 2 and two laps of fiber fleeces 3 and 4 in such a way that the fibers 5 and 6 of the fiber fleeces 3 and 4 are needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 by means of needles 12. The needled semi-product 13 is fed via transporters 14 _f 15 of a knitting machine 16, where it may be retracted pattern in accordance with one or more systems and defined

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Binding warp threads 7, 8 on one side of the sewing material possibly pronounced belief patterns 9 and on the the other side form the wales 10, is knitted through. The finished sewing material 1 then becomes a Yilckel 17 wound up.

The nonwovens needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer can be made of normal, preferably strong crimped synthetic fibers as well as shrink or bicomponent fibers · For lighter sewing fabrics the use of spunbonded nonwovens is an advantage.

The stitching of the multilayer fabric can be made with one or more systems of highly elastic textured synthetic yarns or shrink yarns. After the stitching, the stitching material can, for. B. by steaming, washing ,. Dyeing or thermal treatment relaxes will. It can also be provided with a flame-retardant, antistatic or dirt-repellent finish will.

The roughening is carried out in a known manner on roller raising machines carried out. If an imitation fur effect is required on the roughened goods, After pre-roughening, 1 to 2 passages on one are followed by normal roughening machines with scratch fittings Single roller raising machine. Equalization of the pole layer

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Shearing and treatment on a polishing machine or formation of a lambskin effect through treatment in a tumbler for 20 - 30 minutes in a hot air stream at 75 - 80 ^° C.

The multi-layered sewing fabric produced by the above-mentioned process has excellent heat insulation properties, good dimensional stability, good drape and excellent elasticity in both directions. The increased The strength of the pile compared to a conventional sewing material without an elastomer foam backing is determined by means of Needling the fibers into the elastomer foam carrier layer and subsequent sewing achieved with a binding thread system. The elastomer foam backing is stitched compressed and due to the high cohesion and elasticity of the same, the needled fibers become solid anchored. The production is very advantageous from an economic point of view, since the previous one is costly Process of yarn production is eliminated and the properties of use of the sewing material at the level of comparable products made from fabrics stand.

Elastomeric foils are used as the elastomer foam carrier layer with sufficient ripeness when needling and sewing suitable. In particular, are foam layers based on polyurethane? expedient, suitable but also butadiene and butadiene styrene products,

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Reaction products of polysulfide salts and polyhalides, polymers of halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons as well as polymers based on isobutylene, • vinyl halides, polyamide, polyester, urea etc.

Those produced according to the invention and roughened on both sides Knitted fabrics with a pile layer are particularly suitable as blankets with a low and high pile layer. The sewing fabrics according to the invention, roughened on one side and having a low pile layer, can be used as heat-insulating Lining for the production of outerwear and shoes, and sewing fabrics with a high pile layer and with special, The appearance of a fur imitating equipment for more sophisticated and fashionable winter clothing and than Shoe linings are used.

A particular possible application of the invention is in the production of so-called anoraks, ie items of clothing made from textiles of the sandwich type, which are knitted through with one or more systems of binding warp threads that may be drawn in or laid in accordance with the pattern. These form pronounced relief patterns on one side of the sewing material, whereby a lining material with a pile layer, possibly in the form of an imitation fur, is formed by roughening the other side.

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Another possible application of the invention manufactured active ingredient consists in the production of floor coverings with a textile walking layer, which have a high level of sound insulation and very good abrasion resistance exhibit,

example 1

On a card equipped with a winding device were two fleeces 3, 4 of 120 g / m each from a mixture transversely oriented flake-dyed acrylic fibers 3 and 6 den, staple length 40 and 60 mm. These fleeces were by needling with an elastomer foam carrier layer consisting of a polyurethane foam film from 2 mm thick and 80 g / m connected.

The needling was done on both sides with a total of 120 punctures / cm made in such a way that a minimum of 50 # of the fibers 5, 6 of the nonwovens 3, 4 in the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 needled. The needled semi-finished product was made with a system of 120 denier polyamide filaments existing binding warp threads in cloth and tricot weave with 50 rows / 10 cm, thread intake 1: 1, knitted through. The sewn fabric 1 was double-sided with four or six passes on a 24-roll napping machine for formation a dense pile layer on both sides and covering of the binding thread roughened. The roughing was done with an or

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two matting passages ended on "both sides.

This stitching material is particularly suitable as a blanket with very good thermal insulation properties, drape and good pole attachment.

Example 2

On a card equipped with a winding device, two nonwovens 3, 4, each 150 g / m 2, were made from a mixture transversely oriented, spun-dyed acrylic fibers in two different shades with a profiled cross-section 3 and 6 denier, stack length 60 mm. These fleeces were made by needling with a polyurethane foam sheet formed elastomer foam carrier layer 2 of 4 mm thickness and 100 g / m connected. The needling was done on both sides made with 120 punctures / cm in such a way that at least 50 # of the fibers in the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 needled. The needled fabric was made with a system of binding warp threads highly elastic polyamide continuous filaments 120 den in fringe weave and cloth weave staggered over two needles, Thread intake 1: 1 with 60 rows / 10 cm knitted through.

The active ingredient was split into four or six Passages on a 24-roller gouging machine to achieve a dense pole layer on both sides and covering the

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Binding warp threads 7 roughened. In order to achieve the appearance of an imitation fur, one or two passages on each side on a single-roller table robbery, the height adjustment of the pile layer by shearing and the formation of the lambskin effect by thermal treatment lasting 20 to 30 minutes in a tumbler followed Hot air flow at 75 to SO ⁰ C.

This multi-layered sewing material is in particular as effective ceiling with a high pile layer which, in addition to a high level of noise insulation, has an attractive appearance an imitation fur.

Example 3

On a card equipped with a winding device, a right-hand, transversely oriented fleece 3 of 10Q g / m ² made of flake- dyed 100 $> Tesil T 31 polyester fibers 6 den, staple length 85 mm, and a left-sided fleece 4 of 120 g / m made of flake-dyed transversely oriented Orion fibers T 75 B 3 and 6 den, stack length 60 mm.

The fleeces 3, 4 were made by needling with an elastomer foam carrier consisting of a polyurethane foam sheet.

2 layer 2 of 3 mm thickness and 80 g / m bonded. The ver

■ -2

needles was done on both sides with a total of 80 units / om

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Made in such a way that at least 50 $ of the fibers 5, 6 are needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer 2. The needled sheet was made with a system of made of highly elastic polyamide 66 continuous filaments Kasxlon 90/2 the, S-twist 265 existing binding warp threads in a combined double-row atlas and tricot weave with 60 rows of stitches / 10 cm knitted through.

The multi-layered sewing material was diluted on the right side with a surface layer of an aqueous dispersion of a styrene, acrylic ester and acrylic acid copolymer with a dry content of 50 %

2
1: 2, provided in the amount of 50 g / m. The thermal treatment followed after the dispersion had been applied. The reverse side was roughened in four to six passes on a 24-roller roller machine in order to form a pile layer and to cover the wales formed by the binding threads 7. To achieve an imitation of fur, one or two passages on a single-roller table raising machine followed, the height of the pile layer was compensated for by shears and the formation of the lambskin-lasting effect by 20 to 30 minutes treatment in the tumbler in a hot air stream at 75 - 8O ⁰ C.

Duroh this treatment was also a complete one Relaxation, a better fall and grip of the textile achieved.

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This multi-layered sewing material is considered to be heat insulating Suitable for winter work clothing or street clothing.

Example .4

On a provided with a winding device carding machine a right-side fabric 3 of 125 g / m were transversely oriented fibers of a mixture of 50 i> viscose fibers 3.5 mm to, staple length 60, and 50 # Makrolana viscose fibers 10 mm to, staple length 40, and a left-side non-woven 4 of 95 g / m, 100 i "transversely oriented viscose fibers 3.5 mm to, staple length 60 manufactured.

The nonwovens 3, 4 were connected by needling to an elastomer foam carrier layer 2 consisting of a polyurethane foam film, 2.5 mm thick and 70 g / m 2. The needling was carried out on both sides with a total of 100 punctures / cm in such a way that at least 50 fo of the fibers 5, 6 are needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer 2. The needled sheet was made with two systems of polyamide filaments 120 den. existing binding warp threads 1, 8 in combined fringes and cloth, thread draw-in 1: 1 with 60 rows / 10 cm knitted through.

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The active ingredient was mixed on the left with an aqueous dispersion of a vinyl acetate copolymer softened with 20 $> dibutyl phthalate in an amount of

60 - 80 g / m provided and after the thermal treatment was done the right side in four to six passes on a 24-roll gouging machine to form a dense Pile layer and cover of the wales formed by the binding threads roughened. The rough was with finished one or two matting passages.

This multi-layered sewing material is particularly useful as a lining material with a pile layer of high thermal insulation properties for the production of articles of clothing and footwear suitable.

Example 5

On a card equipped with a winding device, a right-sided fleece 3 of 120 g / m with transversely oriented fibers made of a mixture of 70 $> spun-dyed polyamide fibers 6 denier, staple length 90 mm, and 30 $> viscose fibers 3.5 denier, staple length 60 mm , and a

left-sided transversely oriented. Fleece 4 of 120 g / m made of 50 1 ° viscose fibers 3.5 den. Staple length 50 mm and 50 fo Makrolana viscose fibers 10 den, staple length 40 mm.

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The fleeces 3ι 4 were connected by needling with an elastomer foam carrier layer 2 consisting of a polyurethane foam film, 3 mm thick and 80 g / m 2. The needling was carried out on both sides with a total of 100 stitches / cm in such a way that at least 50 $> the. Fibers 5, 6 are needled into the elastomer foam carrier layer 2. The needled fabric was knitted through with two of polyamide threads 120 the existing binding warp threads 7, 8 in a combined satin and fringe weave on both guide rails on a stitchbonding machine with 65 courses / 10 cm.

The reverse side of the knitted fabric was roughened in three to four passages on a 24-roll roughing machine to form a dense pile layer and to cover the wales formed by the binding threads. In order to increase the abrasion resistance and reduce the tendency to pill, the sewing material was diluted on the right side with a surface layer of an aqueous dispersion of a styrene, acrylic ester and acrylic acid copolymer with a dry content of 50 #, diluted in a ratio of 1: 1 of 65 g / m. After the application of this layer, the heat treatment at 120 ⁰ G followed.

This multi-layered sewing material is suitable as an upper textile for winter boots with very good thermal insulation

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ability, abrasion resistance, air permeability, softness and absorbency of the inner layer.

Example 6

On a card equipped with a winding device, a right-hand, transversely-oriented fleece 3 of 220 g / m 2 from a mixture of spun-dyed 100 $> polypropylene fibers 10 den, staple length 90 mm, and a left-hand, transversely-oriented fleece 4 of 160 g / m from fibers from regenerated waste .

These fleeces 3, 4 were made by needling with an elastomer foam consisting of a polyurethane foam sheet.

2 carrier layer 2 of 6 mm thickness and 120 g / m connected. The needling was done on both sides with a total of 220 punctures / cm made in such a way that at least 50 # of the fibers 5, 6 in the elastomer foam carrier layer 2 needled.

The needled sheet was made with two systems of polyamide threads 120 den. existing binding warp threads 7, 8 in a combined atlas and fringe binding on both guide rails on a stitchbonding machine. 60 rows / 10th cm woven through.

The sewing material was either impregnated or with provided with a surface layer and back finish.

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The impregnation was carried out on a three-roll pad with a 100% squeeze effect in an aqueous dispersion of vinyl acetate copolymer softened with 20% dibutyl phthalate with the addition of melamine-formaldehyde precondensate and ammonium chloride as a catalyst. On the surface of the right side of an aqueous dispersion of Akrylsäureester- and styrene-MisGhpolymerisat with a dry content of 50 was fo _t diluted in the ratio 1: 1, applied in the amount of 100 g / m. The bridging finish was carried out with a butadiene styrene latex compressed to a viscosity of + 8,000 cPs with carboxymethyl cellulose and a filler in an amount of 100 g / m 2. The application was followed by drying on drying rollers.

This multi-layered sewing material is suitable as a floor covering with a textile walking layer, which has a high level of sound insulation and has very good rub resistance.

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Claims (8)

PATENT KIT KITCHEN: , 1J Non-woven textile fabric, characterized in that it consists of a middle Elastomer foam backing layer (2) consists in the fibers (5, 6) of outer layers of transversely oriented fleece (3, 4) are needled from both sides and that these fibers (5, 6) in the middle elastomer foam carrier layer (2) by sewing the fabric with at least one system of binding warp threads (7, 8) are anchored, 2. Flat structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the outer layers having a pole layer. 3. Flat structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the outer layers contain shrunk or bicomponent fibers. 4 · The sheet material according to claims 1 to 3 _t characterized in that at least one of the outer layers is a spunbond nonwoven. - 25 - 409849/0708 5. Flat structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one System of binding warp threads (7, 8) consists of elastic textured or shrinkable yarns. 6. Flat structure according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the outer layers from the outside by a surface coating or back finish solidified from a dispersion or solution of synthetic polymer. 7. Flat structure according to claims 1 to 4 and 6, characterized in that at least one of the outer layers by solvents for the applied man-made fibers or by Dispersions of thermoreactive polymers, possibly with the addition of thermosetting resins, stabilized is. 8. Process for the production of a non-woven textile Flat structure according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle elastomer foam carrier layer from both sides Fibers of the outer cross-oriented fleece are needled, whereupon the whole fabric with at least a system of binding warp threads (7, 8) is knitted through. 409849/0708 Read 11 e