DE2056556B2 - Cleaning foam composition for carpets - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to cleaning foam compositions for carpets and upholstered furniture. the In particular, the invention relates to an improved cleaning foam composition of natural and synthetic carpets, upholstered furniture and floor coverings. In this description The term "carpet foam" is used for convenience. Of course he can also for other household cleaning operations are used.

Because of the rapid expansion of the carpet industry and because of the use of tougher synthetic materials Fibers in carpets have an increasing need for improved carpet cleaning compositions. A A serious problem with cleaning carpets is that they have freshly foam-cleaned carpets dirty faster than new carpets. This pollution is presumably largely due to its origin in the fact that sticky residue is left after cleaning the carpet. The sticky ones Carpet fibers attract and hold dirt, which causes dirt to become dirty more quickly. This Sticky residue is caused by detergents in the cleaning foam compositions can be used to improve the cleaning effect. For this reason there is an urgent need The need for carpet foam compositions which have the necessary cleaning properties and which also dry into a non-sticky or powdery or brittle residue that can be removed more easily with a vacuum cleaner.

The usual carpet cleaning compositions, such as. B. the conventional carpet foams set typically from a primary detergent. which the cleaning solvent, such as. B. water.

assisted in loosening the dirt, and off a foam stabilizer or detergent extender that builds and maintains a thick foam, which is desirable when cleaning heavy pile materials. The thick foam supports the loosened dirt on the top of the carpet fibers, where it can be removed. Still prevented he soaked the back of the carpet. The primary detergent can be a liquid or a

ίο be solid. However, compositions that dry in a removable powder preferred The trend in carpet and upholstery foams is in Towards a cleaning composition that dries into a powder which easily dries with the vacuum cleaner can be removed. A foam residue that cannot be completely removed from the carpet materials contributes to the dulling of the carpet fibers, to the retention of the loosened dirt and to re-soiling of cleaned carpets

: n at. Optimal removal of such residues cannot be easily accomplished, namely because of the sticky or waxy nature of detergents, surfactants and additives, such as B. foam stabilizers contained in the carpet cleaning compositions.

According to the invention there is now a carpet foam composition proposed, which contains the following: a detergent and additionally or alternatively a foaming agent and a water-soluble one

υ ι salt of a styrene / maleic acid polymer or a Half-ester thereof, the polymer or half-ester thereof being of such a nature and in a sufficient \ 'tightness is present that the The foam residue becomes brittle.

π This composition is an improved carpet cleaning or upholstery foam composition which is very soft after drying on the carpet leaves a brittle, non-sticky residue which is usually easily removed after drying

4i) can and generally no contribution or only make a small contribution to re-pollution. The improved carpet and upholstery cleaning or Carpet foam composition contains a water soluble metal salt, ammonium salt or amine salt

π of a styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer or a Half ester of the same together with a detergent or a foaming agent or foam stabilizer. Usually both a water soluble detergent and a water soluble foaming agent will be present.

vi The water-soluble metal salt, ammonium salt or The amine salt of the styrene / maleic acid copolymer or its half ester is usually used in amounts of 5 to 95% by weight based on the total active material used in the carpet foam composition. this

v. means a weight ratio of approximately 1:20 to 20: I. A weight ratio of approximately 1: 1 to 1: 7. The water soluble salt of the styrene / maleic acid polymer or its half ester can be used as an additive to already known carpet foam

wi compositions in amounts of 5 to 95% by weight, preferably 25 to 50% by weight based on the total solid materials in the composition, be used.

By incorporating the water-soluble salt

'<■' of the styrene / maleic acid polymer or its half ester as a primary organic active component or as a primary organic active additive in carpet foam compositions results in an improved

Foam composition which cleans the carpet via a foaming action and after drying leaves an easily removable, non-sticky residue that does not add material to recoil Thus, the present additive also makes it possible in carpet foam compositions cheap detergents to use, which otherwise because of their tendency to leave oily residues leaving behind would give unsatisfactory results.

It can, as said, 5 to 95 wt .-% of the water-soluble salt of styrene / maleic acid polymer, based on total solids in the carpet foam composition, can be used, however it is preferred to have about 1 part by weight of water soluble Salt of the styrene / maleic acid copolymer or its Use half ester to 1 to 7 parts by weight of detergent in the carpet foam composition.

If a water-soluble foaming agent or foam stabilizer is used, then it can be used in a sufficient amount used v / ground that one Foam is produced. This amount is usually 5 to 50% by weight, based on the total solids, and preferably 10 to 35 weight percent based on total solids in the carpet foam composition. Thus, the carpet foam composition of the invention can be a dry solid mixture, which is dissolved in water before use. With the expression »% by weight, based on the total Solids of the carpet foam composition «are the other components than water and alcohol, Hydrocarbon or other solvent (if present) meant.

The carpet composition of the invention is usually in a concentrated aqueous Solution prepared in which the water-soluble metal, ammonium or amine salt of the styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer or its half ester and the detergent and the foaming agent or foam stabilizer (if present) at least 5% by weight, preferably at least about 12% by weight and often up to make up 50 and 70% by weight of the total aqueous composition, the weight ratio the water soluble salt and detergent and the weight percentage of the foam stabilizer (if used) are as indicated above. The rest of the carpet foam composition usually consists of water.

The concentrated foam carpet composition can be diluted with water to make up the total concentration of the water-soluble metal, ammonium or amine salt of the styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer or its ester and detergent and foaming agent (if present) 0.5 to 2 or 3 % By weight, preferably about 1% by weight, of the total aqueous solution comprising the final form of the carpet foam composition for use in cleaning or shampooing of a carpet. In addition to water, the solvent can be more water-soluble in smaller amounts Alcohols and silicates and other alkaline build-up agents, for example phosphates, contain which as Softeners serve for water and also aid in the removal of dirt. Farther additional components such as B. Fat · and © (solvents, questifying agents, viscosity builders and optical brighteners, may be added if the cleaning composition is specific Purpose to be used.

The use of these water soluble salts of styrene / maleic acid copolymers in carpet foam compositions results in reduced soil attraction by the carpet fibers and reduced wear, i.e. H. reduced abrasion, of carpet fibers. The use of these salts embrittles the residue on the carpet remaining dry foam and also makes

ίο the carpet fibers stiff and give them a shine, regaining their new appearance and achieving reduced matting of the carpet pile will. The carpet also dries faster. The invention's improved carpet foam composition, which contains the water-soluble salt of a styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer, is suitable for Cleaning of all heavily soiled pile materials shows an improved ability to remove stains on carpet materials and prevents re-soiling.

Water-soluble metal, ammonium and amine salts of styrene / maleic acid polymers and their half-esters are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,388,106. The preferred water-soluble metal salts are those of Group II of the Periodic Table and those of the alkali metals, in particular those water-soluble salts of magnesium and sodium. The preferred amine salts are the morpholine, lower ones Amine and lower alkanolamine salts, e.g. B. the

in ethanolamine and 2-hydroxypropylamine salts. However A wide variety of primary or secondary water-soluble amine salts can be used, such as e.g. B. those of alkylamines and alkanolamines having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and preferably 1 to

ij 6 carbon atoms, such as. B. those of ethylamine, Propylamine or octadecylamine. The preferred half esters are the cycloalkanol and alkanol half esters. especially those of alcohols having up to 18 carbon atoms, and preferably up to

4i) 8 carbon atoms, e.g. B. the cyclohexanol and n-propyl alcohol half ester. The ammonium salts are particularly preferred.

The ammonium salt solutions of the styrene / maleic acid polymer often have a pH range of

4 ") approximately 7.5 to 10. The pH measurements were on Solutions of the ammonium salts of the styrene / maleic acid polymer carried out with and without foaming agents. Commercial carpet cleaning compositions have a pH in the range from 7.2 to 7.9.

-, o With the water-soluble salt of the styrene / maleic acid polymer a wide variety of water-soluble carpet foam detergents can be used, however, it is preferred to use a water soluble sulfate of the formula

R (C ₂ H ₅ O) ₁ -SO ₃ M

to use, in which R is alkyl having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 14 or even 18 carbon atoms, χ is 0 to 10 or more

mi is and is preferably 2 or 3, and M is a Ammonium, amino or metal cation, which forms a water-soluble salt, such as. B. for a metal of group II of the periodic table or an alkali metal, preferably magnesium or sodium. the

The preferred amine salts are the morpholine, lower ones Amine and lower alkanolamine salts, e.g. B. those of ethanolamine and 2-hydroxypropylamine. However, the most diverse primary or

secondary amine salts can be used, such as. B. those of alkylamines, or alkanolamines heterocyclic amines and usually those of alkyl monoamines or alkanol monoamines with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example those of ethylamine, Propylamine or octadecylamine.

These carpet foam detergents are often the ones water-soluble ammonium, amine and metal salts of fatty alcohol sulfates (these are sulfated fatty alcohols) and of ethoxylated fatty alkyl sulfates (these are sulfated oxyethylated fatty alcohols). Examples of the se fatty alkyl sulfates and ethoxylated fatty alkyl sulfates are the sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc, ammonium, magnesium and the mono- and diethanolamine salts of lauryl sulfate and ethoxyliene lauryl sulfates. Sodium and magnesium lauryl sulfate are preferred

The water-soluble sarcosines and sarcosinates are condensates of fatty acids and sarcosine (N-acylsarcosine or N-acyl sarcosinates) and can be represented by the formula

R — C — N — CH, —C () OA

Il I

O CHj

where R is alkyl of about 12 to 18 carbon atoms and A is hydrogen, Ammonium, amino or metal, which forms a water-soluble sarcosinate salt, which for example with metals of group II of the periodic table or with alkali metals, such as. B. sodium or magnesium. the case is. The amino radical can be the same as in be the sulfates. The preferred sarcosinate is sodium lauryl sarcosinate. Own these sarcosinates Detergent properties and bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. They will be according to the UK U.S. Patent 8,826,335 can be used in carpet foam compositions. They can also be in the Carpet foam compositions according to the invention and finally also in combination with others Detergents are used.

With the water-soluble salt of the styrene / maleic acid polymer can be a water-soluble foaming agent or in the composition according to the invention Schaiim stabilizer can be used. However, this is not necessary. In general, however, many carpet foam compositions contain a foaming agent. These foaming agents are well known in the art. Examples are sulfosuccinates, alkanol and alkylamides and cycloimidines. However, since the water-soluble metal, ammonium or amine salts of the styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer and its half esters have a cleaning effect on carpets, they can act as single detergent with a foaming agent or foam stabilizer can be used of which some, such as B. the sulfosuccinates, also detergent properties own. In such carpet foam compositions, it usually renders water soluble Salt of the styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer or its half ester and the detergent (if used) 25 to 95% by weight, preferably 50 to 90% by weight, of the total solids, and the foaming agent or Foam stabilizer makes up 75 to 5% by weight, preferably 50 to 10% by weight, of the total solids.

Alkanolamides and alkylamides are foaming agents and viscosity builders. They are condensation products of alkanolamines or of alkylamines and fatty acids. These fatty acid alkanolamides and alkylamides can be represented by the formula

O R '

Il /

R — C —N

R "

are represented in which R is alkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 14 carbon atoms, and R 'represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl having 1 to 6

ι ί carbon atoms is a typical alkanolamide Lauric acid diethanolamide. Particularly suitable alkylamides for use according to the invention are lauryl amides, for example lauryl isopropyl amide and Lauryl diisopropyl amide.

? <> The sulfosuccinates are the salts of fatty acid-alkjlolamide-succinic acid half-esters and the salts of sulfosuccinic acid half-esters and fritalcohols. These Sulfosuccinates are according to US Pat. No. 34 01-007 in carpet foam compositions.

:> applies and can through the general formula

R -X- C -CH-CH-COOH

ü II ° ^{Y z}

are represented, wherein R is a fatty acid residue or a fatty alcohol residue, usually acyl or alkyl with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, sees, X for oxygen

Ά or an alkylene group which is bonded on the one hand to R and via an amide-like or ester-like group to the sulfosuccinic acid radical, one of the symbols Y or Z is hydrogen and the other is the group -SO3M, and Ni is any

in salt-forming metal cations of groups I, II and III des Periodic table. Examples of such sulfosucci, late are the sodium salt of the sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of the fatty alcohols of coconut oil, the sodium salt of sulphosuccinic acid halves of lauric acid

■ i ". Monoethanolamide, the sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of myristic acid monoisopropanolamide and the sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid half ester of lauryl alcohol. Preferred sulfosuccinates are the sulfosuccinic acid half-esters of fatty acid alkyl

vi miden or fatty alcohols. It can be one, two or more of these sulfosuccinates in the carpet foam compositions of the invention along with the water-soluble salt of styrene / maleic acid poly-πτί "! or its half-ester can be used. These

y, sulfosuccinates do not give the carpet foam composition just an additional Ostergen power, but they also act as foam stabilizers, thereby helping the detergent to form a dry residue, which with the carpet-

how dirt can be extracted with a vacuum cleaner can and which also reduces the build-up of electrostatic charges on cleaned carpets.

The amphoteric cycloimidines or imidazolines are foaming agents that are used in foam compositions

h ". are useful, as described in US Pat. No. 3,231,580 is described. These foaming agents are used in an amount sufficient to build up a foam used, such as B. in an amount of 5 to 75%.

preferably 10 to 50%. based on the total Solids.

A typical commercial concentrated carpet shower composition, which is the water-soluble metal ·. Ammonium or amine salt of the styrene / maleic acid polymer or its half ester can be added to the improved Making carpet composition is that the following:

Table A.

Sodium or Magnesium Lauryl Sulphate (30%)

Launndiatruinolamine foam stabilizer

water

Weight "
12th
3
85

The commercially available carpet foam composition can also contain a small amount, for example!, 5 Oe »■. ■"'.. of a sequestering agent, such as, for example, ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid or a water-soluble salt, such as, for example, Alkali Metal Salts and Specifically the Number Salt A typical dilution ratio of the above formulation for use in shampooing the carpet is 1 part of this concentrate to approximately 8 parts water.

In general, about 30 to 50% of the l.auryl sulfate salt can be replaced by the water-soluble salt of the S: \ toI maleic acid polymer or its half ester e-sets, with the best results being achieved. This can easily be done by going into the Commercially available foam concentrate the water-soluble Sa! / of the polymer in an amount of 40 to 100 Gev. ■ 'v. related to the detergent or even to the total solids in the commercially available foam composition. interferes. However, often 10 to 10 parts by weight of the water-soluble salt, based on the De'.erger.z. used as this by the following typical ten-show composition of the invention ge / e: g; will be the one for use on the Carpet has a thinned shape.

Tabeiie B

Parts by weight Ammonium salt of S'.vro! Malein acid polymer (dry) 0.1-0.5 Sodium or Magnesium Lauryl sulfate (dry) 0.5-0.9 Sodium Lauryl Sarcosm (dry) 0.15 water Rest up to 100%

It should be noted that other carpet foam detergents and foaming agents can also be used. The amount of the water soluble salt of styrene / maleic acid polymer having incorporated into the carpet foam composition who should the need only be sufficient to left on the carpet after the Schampunierung residue brittle to make it so that it can be easily removed. This avoids rapid re-soiling of the carpet, since early re- soiling is associated with waxy residues that remain on the carpet after shampooing.

A typical carpet foam concentrate according to the invention is as follows:

Table C.

Carpet foam concentrate with 10% active
Solids

Ammonium salt of styrene / maleic acid mixed polymer with 15% strength
Concentration in aqueous solution
N at rium lauryl sulfate (detergent)
Foam stabilizer
water

Parts by weight

27
5
I.

67

100

I part of this carpet foam concentrate can be mixed with 9 parts of water before applying it to the carpet be diluted.

The foam stabilizer can be made from one of the various foaming agents such as those found in carpet foams are used, exist, for example, caprice diethanolamide, Laurylisopropylamide, the sodium salt of the sulfosuccinic acid half-ester of lauric acid monoethanolamide or an amphoteric cycloimidine. such as B. that of the formula

H, C CH, CH, OH

HO CH, --CH CII, S ONa

OH

The styrene / maleic anhydride resins used in the carpet foam compositions of the present invention are water-soluble metals, ammonium and amine salts of styrene / maleic anhydride resins and their partial or half-esters which are about 1 to 4 moles, preferably about 1 to 3 Moles of styrene contain per mole of maleic anhydride. Optionally, in the manufacture of the resin together with the styrene, instead of maleic anhydride, maleic acid esters can be used.

These resinous polymers contain repeating units of polymerized styrene and maleic anhydride and have an average molecular weight of about 600 to 50,000. The preferred average molecular weight of these resins is about 700 to 5000. The melting point of these low molecular weight polymers is often in the range of about 100 to 200 ° C as determined by the Fisher-Johns Melting Point Apparatus

These polymers of styrene and maleic anhydride can be prepared by known methods will. A preferred method is solution polymerization, wherein the monomers are in a suitable solvent at a temperature of 75 to 300 ° C or more are polymerized and wherein a free radical supplying as a polymerization catalyst Peroxide catalyst is used, preferably benzoyl peroxide or dicumyl peroxide. Suitable solvents are e.g. B. the aromatic hydrocarbons, such as. B. cumene, p-cymene, xylene or toluene. These aromatic solvents can serve as chain transfer solvents and too low give rise to molecular products. Other suitable solvents are the ketones, such as. B. Methylethylke

clay, which can also act as chain transfer solvents.

The preferred mode of conducting the polymerization is a mode of polymerization known in the art as Polymerization is referred to with addition in portions. In this process, the monomer and the Catalyst first in part of the solvent in which the polymerization is to be carried out, dissolved, and the resulting solution is introduced in portions into a reactor, the solvent which is heated to the reaction temperature, usually to the reflux temperature of the Mixture. If an aromatic solvent is used for the polymerization, it causes the Formation of the polymers a heterogeneous system, whereby the polymer layer is the heavier layer and through simply decanting the upper aromatic solvent layer and drying it

L * tt ^ ^^ UL / £% t ^ ψλ f \ ο ^ ia non ^^ t V ^ Ac ^^ * s \ ^^ ο Jc J oci IV ^ rfc ιύι it I / ^ I

is used, the polymer formed is usually soluble in the solvent medium so that the solvent used in the production of the products

10

must be aborted.

The partial esters of the styrene / maleic anhydride polymers can be prepared by known methods. Partial esters with 20 to 120% half esters can be used be prepared by adding the styrene / maleic anhydride polymer in the required amount an alcohol esterified, such as. B. with an alkanol or cycloalkanol, which is generally up to has about 18 carbon atoms, and preferably up to about 8 carbon atoms, e.g. B. Methanol, ethanol, propanol, hexanol, cyclohexanol, octanol, octadecanol and the like. They can customary known methods for partial esterification can be used, such as. B. Heating the Alcohol and the styrene / maleic anhydride polymer in a solvent.

The following table shows the physical properties of typical styrene / maleic anhydride

to those in the form of their water-soluble ones Metal, ammonium or amine salts can be used according to the invention.

Table I.

Typical physical properties of styrene / maleic anhydride resins.

resin

Styrene / maleic acid app. Molar ratio

Molecular weight

Melting range

Acid number

Gardner color

A. 1/1 1600 150-170 480 B. 2/1 1700 140-160 350 C. 3/1 1900 115-130 275 D. 1/1 2200 140-155 260 E. 2/1 1900 135-150 220

Comment:
The Gardner color was determined in 15% aqueous ammonia solution.

Resin D is a cyclohexyl half ester of a styrene / maleic anhydride resin in a molar ratio of 1: 1, which is esterified with cyclohexyl alcohol to about 65% half-ester.

Resin E is an n-propyl half ester of a styrene / maleic anhydride resin with a molar ratio of 2: 1, which with n-propyl alcohol to about 65% Half ester is esterified. All of the styrene / maleic anhydride resins A through C and their half esters D and E have a powder form.

The ammonium salt and the water-soluble metal salts of the copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride and their partial esters can be obtained by simple hydrolysis of the mixed polymer or partial ester with water in the presence of ammonium hydroxide or a water-soluble metal hydroxide, such as. B. an alkali metal hydroxide. The hydrolysis is expediently carried out by preparing a slurry in water containing the ammonium hydroxide or the water-soluble metal hydroxide and heating this over a water bath until the hydrolysis is complete up to about 10% by weight or more, versus the stoichiometric amount used to form the ammonium salt or water-soluble metal salt of the interpolymer

Styrene and maleic anhydride is required. Thus , it is usually preferred to use at least two moles or more of ammonium hydroxide or metal hydroxide per mole equivalent of the interpolymer repeat unit. A wide variety of water-soluble metal hydroxides can be used, such as. B. the alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium, potassium and lithium hydroxides, but sodium hydroxide is preferred.

The water-soluble amine salts of the styrene / maleic acid polymers and their partial esters can be prepared by known processes. So the styrene / maleic anhydride polymers and their partial esters can be reacted with primary or secondary amines, such as. B. with alkylamines, alkanolamines or heterocyclic amines, usually with alkyl monoamines or alkanol monoamines having 1 to about 18 carbon atoms and preferably 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, such as. B. with ethylamine, propylamine, octadecylamine, ethanolamine, 2-hydroxypropylamine and morpholine. There is an excess of the amine compared to the stoichiometric amount used which is necessary for a reaction with the styrene / maleic anhydride polymer, such as. 3.2 MoI or more amine per anhydride unit of the polymer.

The presence of the soluble ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin increases the hydro-

lysis rate of added resin. That's why it is preferred that the styrene / maleic anhydride resin hydrolyzed with ammonium hydroxide at high solids contents and then to low Concentration is diluted. The styrene / maleic anhydride resin C and the partial esters D and E can be used in Solid concentrations of 20% are hydrolyzed, whereupon they fü. the end use further diluted will. The 20% solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C can be added to a concentration of 15% be diluted while it is still at the hydrolysis temperature to achieve the high viscosity to bypass the 20% solution at room temperature. The styrene / maleic anhydride resins A and B can are hydrolyzed at concentrations up to 50% or 25%. However, the ammonia should be very slow must be added, otherwise the exothermic heat will boil over the resin solution over the hydrolysis tank cause kEÜÜ. Πΐ? following Reisniele si.id typical production examples for aqueous ammonium salt solutions of these styrene / maleic anhydride resins. The use of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C for household foam compositions is preferred. However, to concentrated foam compositions Resins A and B are desirable because they have lower solution viscosities result at higher solids concentrations.

Manufacturing A

An aqueous solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin A was prepared by taking 500 Parts by weight of this styrene / maleic anhydride resin are added to 165 parts by weight of water with stirring became. The water / resin slurry was then heated to 66 ° C and 335 parts by weight of ammonium hydroxide of 26 ° Βέ (28% ammonia) were slowly with continued stirring for 30 minutes at 74 ° C added. The resulting aqueous solution had a pH in the range of about 8.0 to 8.5 and contained approximately 50 weight percent solids consisting of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin A.

Manufacturing B

An aqueous solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin B was prepared by adding 250% Parts by weight of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin mentioned to 630 parts by weight of water with stirring were admitted. The water / resin slurry was then heated to 66 ° C and 120 parts by weight Ammonium hydroxide of 26 ° Βέ (28% ammonia) was added slowly with continued stirring during Added for 30 minutes at 74 ° C. The resulting aqueous solution had a pH in the range of about 8.0 to 8.5 and contained about 25 weight percent solids derived from the styrene / maleic anhydride resin passed.

Manufacture C

An aqueous solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C was prepared by adding 150 parts by weight of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin to 540 parts by weight of water with stirring. The water / resin Aufschiämmung was then heated to 66 ° C, and 60 parts by weight of ammonium hydroxide of 26 ° Be (28% ammonia) were added under continuous stirring during 30 minutes at 74 ⁰ C. The heating was discontinued and 250 parts by weight of water was then added to this solution which contained 20% resin solids in solution. ϊ The resulting aqueous solution had a pH in the range of 9.0 to 9.5 and contained approximately 15% by weight of solids consisting of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin.

Manufacturing D

An aqueous solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride cyclohexyl partial ester resin D was by adding 150 parts by weight of the styrene / maleic acid mentioned

n reanhydride-cyclohexyl partial ester resin to 553 parts by weight Water produced with stirring. The water / resin slurry was then heated to 49 ° C, and 47 ° C Parts by weight of ammonium hydroxide of 26 ° Be (28% ammonia) were added with continued stirring

added in over 30 minutes at 54 ° C. The heating was interrupted, and 250 parts by weight of water were then added to this solution, the 20% Resin solids contained. The resulting aqueous solution had a pH in the range of 8.8 to 9.3 and contained approximately 15% solids derived from the

Styrene / maleic anhydride cyclohexyl partial ester resin
passed.

Manufacture E

jo An aqueous solution of the styrene / maleic anhydride propyl ester resin E was made by adding 150 parts by weight of the resin to 558 parts by weight of water prepared with stirring. The water / resin slurry was then heated to 49 ° C, and 42 parts by weight Ammonium hydroxide of 26 ° Βέ (28% ammonia) were under continuous for 30 minutes Stirring at 54 ° C. was added. The heating was stopped and 250 parts by weight of water then became added to this solution which contained 20% resin solids. The resulting aqueous solution had a pH ranged from 9 to 9.5 and contained approximately 15% Solids derived from the styrene / maleic anhydride propyl partial ester resin passed.

The following examples illustrate various carpet foam compositions according to the invention and their use in cleaning carpets. They represent preferred compositions.

B e i s ρ i e 1 1

Three aqueous carpet foam solutions were prepared, designated Solutions LII and HI. Solution I contained 1% by weight of the ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C of Table 1.0.05% by weight magnesium lauryl sulfate and 0.15% by weight sodium lauryl sarcosinate (which here with Na lauroyl sarcosine referred to as). This carpet foam composition is a composition according to the invention.

Solution II contained 1% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.20% by weight of sodium lauryl sarcosinate. The solution III contained 1% by weight magnesium lauryl sulfate and 0.20% by weight sodium lauryl sarcosinate. All three carpet foam solutions contained 98.80 wt .-% water. The compositions of these three carpet foam solutions are given in tabular form in Table 1 below.

Tabel

Solution number

Ammonium salt of styrene / maleic acid 1.00 - 1.00 - - iinhydride-IIarzes C 0.20 Na lauryl sulfate 98.80 - Mg lauryl sulfate 0.05 1.00 Na-lauroyl sarcosine 0.15 0.20 water 98.80 98.80

A piece of carpet measuring! 0.1 χ 22.9 cm and with a light color was made in laid a corridor where it was polluted evenly. This carpet sample was cut into three pieces of each Test pieces were vacuum cleaned to remove loose residue. The carpets were then put back in the corridor. Periodic observations were made to re-establish

ΙΠΙ ν 7 f \ pm orpcohnittpn u / plrhp opcnnrlprt with pinpr i / prcrhmiilTiinir 711 hpttimrnpn riprTpnnirh u / iipHp narh

the carpet foam solutions I, II or [II of Table 1 in a year of 0.4 ml / 6.5 cm ^{2 was} shampooed. The carpet sample was allowed to dry and the

Table 2
Resoiling properties

reversed by 180 ° during a three-day test period. Table 2 shows the results.

Solution no.
I.

III

Day light soiling middle middle pollution pollution week light to medium very strong strength pollution pollution pollution

In addition to the above results, a tendency for dirt pick-up or dirt attraction was found observed After the first day, the test pieces of the carpet sample with the solutions II and III had been treated, already heavily soiled. This pollution was also caused by it determines that the dirt picked up by the vacuum cleaner has been collected. The ones with the solutions II and III treated samples always resulted in a much larger accumulation of dirt than those with solution 1 treated sample.

Example 2

The soiling material for use in this and the following examples became dirt Collected from a household vacuum cleaner and sifted for a more even dirt. The last sieve had a mesh size of 0.84 mm. This procedure removed the oily dirt particles did not and held back most of the solid dirt particles. The dirt material was then carefully mixed

Sufficient pollution material (IGg) has been made Spread out evenly on a 15.2 cm χ 15.2 cm sample of carpet to avoid heavy soiling to achieve. The dirt was carefully worked into the fibers and the sample turned 60 Let stand minutes and then vacuum cleaned to remove as much of the dirt as possible remove. A strip 2.5 cm wide of the soiled material was covered to remove the To prevent cleaning.

Carpet foam compositions in aqueous solution at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium lauryl sulfate and ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C manufactured. In addition, 0.5% by weight of lauryl isopropylamide of each solution was used to form foam and foam stabilization added.

Each of these carpet foam compositions was used to shampoo one of the used carpet samples in an approximate amount of 0.75 ml / 6.5 cm ^2. The carpet foam composition was poured onto the surface of the carpet sample and worked with a soft nylon brush to produce a foam . The samples were allowed to dry at room temperature. After drying, the samples were carefully vacuumed to remove loose dirt and foam residues. The appearance of the sample was determined by comparing soiled sections, shampooed sections and uncontaminated samples. Each foam preparation was rated as follows:

Test 1 = X means restoring the original brightness

Z means no restoration of the original brightness
Test 2 = X means that the soiled strip was invisible.
Z means that the stained strip

could still be seen.

Test 3 = The numbers refer to the relative effect.

15th

The table below shows the results obtained when cleaning the soiled samples these carpet foam compositions were obtained.

Table 3

Determination of the foam structure by the ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C against dei Foam build-up of Na lauryl sulfate and Mg lauryl sulfate

concentration
the solution

Ammonium salt of styrene /
Maleic anhydride resin C

Test 1 Test 2 Test 3

Na lauryl sulfate Mg lauryl sulfate

Test 1

Test 2 Test 3

Test I.

test

test

0.5% Z X 1 Z X 1 Z Z 3 1.0% Z X 1 Z X 2 Z X 3 I, 1.5% Z X 1 Z X 2 Z X 3

All solutions contained 0.5 "ο lauryl isopropylamide.

Example 3

Comparisons were made with carpet foam compositions according to the invention and with commercially available carpet foam compositions. A loop pile carpet made of 30% acrylic fibers and 20% modacrylic fibers was used. The amount of the preparations used was 0.75 ml / 6.5 cm ² . On initial cleaning, no reasonable cleaning was obtained with any of these preparations. Every second cleaning gave greatly improved results, although the original appearance was not restored. The carpet foam composition tongues tested were as follows:

Table 4

Name Carpet foam composition Solution used

Commercially available composition, unknown

1% ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C with 0.5% sodium lauroyl sarcosine

1: 1 combination of b and an aqueous solution of 1% magnesium lauryl sulfate and 0.5% Lauryl isopropyl amide

1% magnesium lauryl sulfate and 0.5% lauryl isopropyl amide

1% sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.5% lauryl isopropylamide

Commercially available composition, unknown, presumably sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium lauroyl sarcosine, aqueous solution with 9% solids

1: 1 combination of b and an aqueous solution of 1% sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.5% Lauryl isopropyl amide

Commercially available aqueous solution of sodium lauryl sulfate (12%) and foaming agents

Commercially available aqueous solution of magnesium lauryl sulfate (12%) and foaming agents

water

1 part composition to 8 parts water
1% aqueous solution

no further dilution

1% aqueous solution 1% aqueous solution

1 part composition to 8 parts water

no further dilution

! Part composition to 8 parts water

1 part composition to 8 parts water

The following Table 5 shows the comparison results. obtained with the compositions of Table 4 became.

909 508/8

Table 5

description of
Cleaning composition

a
b
c
d
e
f

G
H
i
j

Test 1

Test 2 Test 3

Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z

X X X X X X X X X X

Example 4

Similar tests were carried out as in Example 3, but using a coarse, thick carpet with a straight carpet Pile made from mixed synthetic fibers is used

became. The cleaning composition was used in a reduced amount of 0.4 ml / 6.5 cm ^{2 in} order to reduce the build-up of residue. Again, no satisfactory cleaning was achieved with any of the compositions on the first cleaning. However, cleaning was evident after the second cleaning. The classification given in test 3 is not comparable with other classifications, ie a classification of 1 in the first cleaning test is not

ίο the same as a rating 1 in the second cleaning test. A lower grading in the second Cleaning, as originally stated, means that this composition has the appearance not to the same extent as the other members

the test series improved. The ammouium salt of Styrene / maleic anhydride resin and nairium lauroyl sarcosine (Approach b) showed low foaming and low foam stability this carpet with a thick pile. However, that purified

Ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin good with lauryl sulfate salts (batches c and g). The results are given in Table 6 below.

Table 6

Further determination of the foam structure of the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C compared to laboratory preparations and commercially available carpet foams (dirt removal)

Name of the First cleaning Test 3 Second cleaning Test 3 Cleaning approach Test 1 Test 2 1 Test! Test 2 1 C. Z X 1 Z X 1 G Z X 1 Z X 3 e Z X 1 Z X 4th a Z X 2 Z X 4th b Z X 2 Z X 2 Γ Z X 2 Z X 5 d Z X 3 Z X 5 H Z X 3 Z X 5 i Z X Z X

Example 5

Different carpet materials, which differ in design and type of fiber (i.e. wool, 100% acrylic, 100% nylon and 80/20 acrylic / modacrylic) were soiled with common stain formers. The spots were made by making a known Amount of staining material; d. H. oil, coffee and Coca Cola, in the test area (carpet sample from 15.2 χ 15.2 cm) and allowed to dry carefully. 10 ml of the foam preparation were a; f applied to the stained area and processed into a foam. The sample was allowed to dry, and the remaining materials were removed with a vacuum cleaner.

The carpet foam compositions tested were three of the commercially available compositions a, f and i (see Table 4 of Example 3), 1.5% aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate (1.5% NaLS) and 0.5% or 1.0% strength aqueous solutions of the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C, which are _{denoted by 0.5% NH 4} salts and 1.0% NH ₄ salts. The styrene / maleic anhydride ammonium salt compositions were found to respond as well as the commercial products to the coffee and Coca Cola stains and to remove the stains even better on acrylic and modacrylic materials. Most of the carpet cleaning solutions were ineffective on the oil stains. Another sample, which had a loop pile made of polyolefin, was very stain resistant and could be cleaned effectively with all compositions. The following table 7 shows the results of the stain removal with the following ratings: = Stain removed; 2 = stain present.

Table 7

Determination of the foam structure through the ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride polymer compared to laboratory preparations and commercially available preparations (stain

distance)

Stain Name of the cleaning composition

i 1.5% a f 0.5% 0.1%

NaLS NH ₄ salt NH ₄ salt

100% wool

Coffee 1 2 1 1 1 1

Coca cola 111 211

Aromatic oil 2 2 2 2 2 2

100% acrylic

Coffee 2 2 2 2 11

Coca CoIa 112 2 12

Aromatic oil 2 12 2 2 2

100% nylon

Coffee 2 2 2 2 2 1

Coca Cola 12 2 2 2 2

80/20 acrylic / modacrylic

Coffee 12 2 1 - 1

Coca Cola 2 2 2 2-2

Example 6

Rust stains were produced by applying 5 g of cast iron powder to the carpet sample and soaking it with 10 ml of water. The carpet sample was dried and removal of the loose material brushed carpet foam preparations, which were tested for the removal of rust and rust prevention, were the following: l ° / oiges aqueous ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C (Designation 1% NH ₄ -SaIz) 10% aqueous solution of 1% NH ₄ salt with 0.5% sodium lauroyl sarcosine (designation 1% NH ^ sarcosine) and aqueous solution of 1% sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.5% sodium lauroyl sarcosine (designation 1: NaLS / sarcosine).

10 ml of the carpet foam preparation was dropped onto the surface of the carpet samples and placed in a Foam processed The samples were then dried and vacuumed to remove the loose Remove material. The ratings were as follows:

Good

moderate
bad

All the stains were removed or it

only a very slight brownish color remained

Staining back.

The stain was partially removed.

No distance is discernible.

To test the rust prevention, the foam composition was poured onto the sample, in

■ 40 processed a foam and then with 5 mg des powdered iron. The carpet was vacuum cleaned after drying. the Differences were classified as follows: good means complete rust prevention or only one

4> slight brownish color; moderate means some prevention; and bad means no hindrance. The results are shown in Table 8. Table 8 shows that more effective rust removal is achieved with the 1% aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C and that better rust prevention is achieved with the 1% aqueous solution of the 1% NH ₄ salt with 0.5 % Sodium lauroyl sarcosine is achieved.

Table 8

Determination of rust removal and rust prevention of the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C.

Carpet description 1% NII ₄ -SaIz 1% NH ₄ -S; ili / sarcosine 1% NaLS / sarcosine

Removal Prevention Removal Prevention Removal Ver

hindrance

moderate
idle

100% acrylic Well bad moderate Well bad 100% nylon bad bad bad Well bad in loops

continuation

Carpet description 1 '/. NII ₄ -SaIz 1% NII-rSalz / Sarcosine

Removal prevention removal prevention

1% NaLS / Sarcosine Removal Ver

hindrance

100% polyolefin moderately moderately moderately moderately poorly in loops

100% nylon moderately moderately bad good bad bad

80/20 acrylic / modacrylic moderately poor poor moderately poor poor

Example 7

The residue formation of the ammonium salt of the styrene / maleic anhydride resin C, which is designated with NH ₄ -SaIz was against laboratory and commercial preparations determines the commercial preparations were the preparations A and E of Table 4 and two commercial preparations of unknown composition with χ and y are designated. The effects of incorporating various amounts of the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin C into manufactured and commercial carpet foam compositions were determined by evaporating constant volumes of the mixtures and examining the residues. The following Table 9 describes the physical appearance of the residues. A sticky residue contributes to the wetting of the carpet fibers and reduced soil removal, as well as accelerating the re-soiling process. The brittleness that was achieved with the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin, which was also created when this material was incorporated into other carpet display compositions, facilitates the removal of residues and slows down resoiling. After a final vacuum treatment, the presence of the residue (if any) was determined by wetting the cleaned surface and brushing it to form a foam.

Table 9

Effect of the incorporation of the ammonium salt of styrene / maleic anhydride resin (NH ₄ -SaIz) in laboratory and commercial carpet foam compositions on the properties of the residue

Cleaning composition

plus ammonium salt of slyrole / maleic anhydride resin 0.25% 0.5% 1.0%

NH ₄ salt
Na laury sulfate

brittle, glassy
Flakes

hard, waxy
powder

soft, awake
brittle, glassy

Mg lauryl sulfate

1.0% NH ₄ salt / 0.5%
Lauryl isopropylamide flakes

1.5% NILS / 0.5% lauryl harks, waxy, brittle, waxy isopropylamide Powder-like powder

1.5% MgLS / 0.5% lauryl soft, waxy, brittle flakes isopropylamide

Llandelspräparat a soft, waxy hard, waxy

brittle, waxy
powder

brittle, glass-like flakes, hard, waxy

Commercial preparation .v

Commercial preparation i
llandels preparation y

soft, waxy soft, waxy hard, waxy

hard, waxy hard, waxy, brittle, glass-like flakes

like powder

hard, waxy, brittle powder, brittle, glass-like flake powder

brittle,

vitreous

Flakes

brittle,

vitreous

Flakes

hardness,

waxy

Flakes

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Carpet foam composition which is in an aqueous solution or in an aqueous Concentrate can be processed and which is a water-soluble detergent and in addition or alternatively contains a foaming agent, characterized in that it is a water-soluble one Metal, ammonium or amine salt of a styrene / maleic acid polymer or a half ester thereof, the polymer having 1 to 4 moles of styrene per mole of maleic acid and a molecular weight of 600 to 50,000, in an amount of 25-95% by weight, based on the total solid material 2. Carpet foam composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive from an ammonium salt of a styrene / maleic acid polymer having a styrene / maleic acid molar ratio of 1 to 3: 1 and a molecular weight from 700 to 5000 3. Carpet foam composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the half-ester is the cyclohexyl or n-propyl half ester 4. Carpet foam composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ratio of detergent to additive is between 1:20 and 20: 1.