DE1955243A1 - Device for adjusting the stubble height on combine harvesters - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys

Dipl. Ing. Walter Meissnei, ... * ynw ineg

Dipl. Ing. Herbert Tischer Ml'inrhpn "

Munich office muiiuiiön Munich 2, Tal 71 1955243

Eskilstuna, Sweden

Device for adjusting the stubble height on combine harvesters

When harvesting with a combine harvester or mower, the knives are designed to cut the grain at a certain height above the ground. If the grain is cut too close to the ground, the operator must continually readjust the position of the cutting share relative to the machine, depending on the unevenness of the ground. In order to avoid the risk of the knife cutting into the ground and the cutting share hitting the ground too hard, the driving speed must be reduced considerably and certain arable land must be given up entirely, e.g. when grain is lying on wet ground.

In order to facilitate the work of the Führer, it has been suggested that Use floor followers that automatically adjust the height of the cutting share. A known soil follower device comprises a pressure cylinder for raising and lowering the cutting share, Button for scanning the ground surface and a height level part valve that is both manual for presetting the desired cutting height as well as the buttons to maintain the set height is.

A disadvantage of known floor followers is that

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the point of contact of the button with the ground, in the driving .-. calculated direction, lies behind the knife. The buttons therefore do not scan an obstacle before the knife has already moved into it. The purpose of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantage. This is achieved in that at least one button for scanning the floor surface is arranged in front of the cutting share and is preferably shaped in such a way that the contact point between the button and an unevenness in the floor lies further from the knife, the higher the unevenness. This is the height adjuster at high unevenness longer time to address a bump. In order to achieve this effect, the probe is preferably shaped in such a way that it extends upwards and forwards from a deepest scanning part, preferably located just in front of the knife.

A preferred alternative form of the button is according to the invention characterized in that each probe is from a deepest, preferably located shortly in front of the knife, scanning part extends upward both forwards and backwards for the purpose of scanning the ground, the further away it is The higher the bumpy knife is, regardless of the direction of travel of the machine. With this design of the button, the height adjustment device can operate in both directions of travel of the machine.

The mechanical connection between the button and the height adjustment valve can be designed in this way in a simple manner that the button at its front end 'can be pivoted in a stationary bearing on the cutter blade is stored and that a lying on the other side of the bearing, lever arm of the button with the

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Height adjustment valve whose actuation is coupled when scanning uneven floors. The Abtastvermögön of the probe in two directions of travel is thereby Xn obtained a simple and reliable manner in that a joint between the front and the rear part of the probe, and in that the rear end of the probe axially ver <is mounted slidably and pivotably.

The push button device according to the invention is preferred arranged next to the cutting share in order to be cut off from the ■ Grain not to be influenced · In this position, however, the button cannot limit obstacles feel in front of the knife, e.g. stones. In order to improve the protection for the knife, the floor follower can be used in known Way provided with a regulator switched on in the connection between the button and the height control valve comprising a pressure cylinder with a piston, d «r in one direction from a spring and in the other Direction of the pressure in the lifting cylinder of the cutting hair is applied »

Am flat wedge of this known device is that the Regulator only responds to a pressure gradient below a certain pressure value, namely the value of the pressure in general Lifting cylinder when the cutting share is lowered to the ground. The regulator piston rests against a stop and does not move unless the blade hits an obstacle. As a result of the geometry of the location of the lifting cylinder in relation to the pivot point of the cutting hair, the pressure in the lifting cylinder increases with increasing Cutting sharps increase significantly. If now the The saw blade meets an obstacle in a raised position, the regulator Ate Schneidesehar is only »with one force

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relieve, which corresponds to the pressure in the lifting cylinder at ground level of the coulter. The cutting share is therefore not lifted freely over the obstacle but is dragged over it with a contact pressure that corresponds to the difference between the lifting cylinder pressures in the above-mentioned upper position or the bottom position: the share. In a practical example, the static pressure in the lifting cylinder at floor level of the coulter is 55 kp / cm. The regulator is therefore set so that it reacts to a pressure drop below 55 kp / cm responds. With a cutting share height of

2200 mm, the static pressure in the lifting cylinder is 70 kp / cm When driving over an obstacle, the cutting share is therefore dragged over this with a contact pressure that corresponds to the pressure difference 15 kp / cm in the lifting cylinder.

With a piston area of 20 cm, the contact pressure is 300 kp.

Especially if there is a button next to the cutter? is used and the risk of running into a local obstacle is therefore great, it is desirable to make the protection against running into an obstacle as effective as possible. A further purpose of the invention is therefore to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantage in regulators and to design these in such a way that they exert a full lifting effect regardless of the height of the cutting share.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the spring «karakböiletik the regulator spring on the working pressure range and the -XcIb -? V; I la before the lifting cylinder in such a way al.-ger - i: .inmit» ά · -,? - ζ is ίν:; 7.Λθπ for each working pressure in the lifting cylinder one

ingests, excepti ^ iKfan -viol. "'

lv ^: -

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whereby the regulator works at all set share heights is immediately ready to take effect. When changing the pressure in the lifting cylinder, in order to change the height of the blade, the length of the regulator is also changed. However, this change in length can be caused by the position of the actuators be balanced so that the desired lifting and lowering effect is obtained in the normal way. At the attack on an obstacle, however, the pressure quickly drops to zero, wherein the regulator is the valve for lifting the cutting share actuated immediately.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it*

Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation of a known floor follower,

Fig. 2 is a side view and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of a button construction according to the invention for use in both directions.

In Fig. 1, the area of the ground to be scanned is denoted by 1. A push button 3 is in a fixed Point 5 of the cutting share pivoted. A lever arm 7 of the button located above the pivot axis 5 is through a mechanical.'connection 9, ζ · Β. a floor cable, with the slide 11 of a hydraulic sequence valve 13 is connected. The housing 15 of the valve is opened by means of a hand lever 17 can also be moved, for the purpose of setting the various working areas of button 3, i.e. for presetting different ones Heights of the cutting share. The valve housing has an inlet 19 for pressure fluid from a fluid pump 21, two outlet openings leading to a liquid container 27 23 and 25 and a regulating opening 29, which

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the latter is connected by a line 31 to the lifting cylinder for lifting and lowering the cutting share.

Fig. 1 shows the valve 13 and the button when set Altitude assumed position. When the probe senses an increase in the floor area, it is reversed clockwise around the bearing 5, the valve slide 11 being pulled to the left is, so that the outlet 25 is closed and the 'gelling opening 29, which is connected to the lifting cylinder is, opened and connected to the inlet 19. The pressure medium is then pumped into the lifting cylinder and lifted the blade. When the cutting share is raised, the button 3 swings back clockwise, and when the preset distance between the cutting share and the ground surface is restored the slide 11 has been pushed back into the position shown in FIG. 1, the adjustment movement ceasing.

When a depression in the ground is scanned, the button 3 becomes clockwise from that shown in FIG Pivoted position, wherein the valve slide 11 is moved to the right. The opening 29 is opened and connected to the outlet 23 in communication, whereby the lifting cylinder is relieved and the cutter blade lowers. During this movement, the valve spool returns to the position shown, which is reached when the Button 3 again scans the preset distance between the saw blade and the floor surface.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a preferred embodiment of a feeler device for scanning unevenness in the floor surface when driving in both directions of travel. The key unit h5 consists of a front part ^ 7 made of flat iron and a rear part k9

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Round iron. The front part ^ 7 is attached to a cable attached to the cutting band of Erntemasohine storage 51 and provided above this storage with a handlebar 53 for connecting the mechanical link 9 to your Höheinstellventil 13 »The front part is hy arcuate and extends from the storage 51 backwards and downwards to the scanning point and further to a again somewhat raised eyelet 55 at its rear end. The eyelet 55 forms an oscillating bearing for a pin 57 guided through it, which is formed by the end of the rear pushbutton part * + 9 which is essentially bent at right angles. Because the end of the button part * + 7 carrying the eyelet 55 is bent slightly upwards, the risk of the same getting stuck in an unevenness in the floor is eliminated. The rear button part h $ is also curved and extends to the rear first a little downwards and then upwards and is guided close to the rearmost end with play through an opening 59 in a holder 6l attached to the cutting share of the harvesting machine Opening 59 out and can also be pivoted in the holder. The rearmost end of the button part * f9 has a part 63 mth bent at an angle to prevent the button from sliding out of the opening 59.

The button device is ■■ '* ■; ■ the cutting zcmy 65 sioi: i ::. located, Li ^ eba «. "besel:; /:! ^ die Bodenunib ⁿ nl ei": sn ab i-ric direction i '^ i I'a .:.; h ::. ao _? -:!: U >■; Connecti ^ ^{r 1} Un lX-li ^ r, ~ - ^ Y: c- '~ «

s-wise se appropriate that borrowed lilier the eyelet: ~ 5 T & sr-.e ?? 2.ii? loht "ang gropes

t. n-abfcJiP'Sia before driving

vng a :;

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farther from the eyelet 55, the higher the bumps are, and this too regardless of the direction of travel.

FIG. 1 shows a known regulator 35 * which is switched on in connection 9 between the button and the hydraulic fluid valve 13. The regulator consists of a cylinder 37 with a piston 39 displaceable therein. A spring hl urges the piston 39 inwardly in the cylinder. The cylinder 37 is connected by a line h3 to the line 31 to the lifting cylinder 33 of the cutting share. The pressure in the cylinder 37 is therefore always the same as in the lifting cylinder 33.

According to the invention, the characteristics of the spring * tl on the Working pressure range of the lifting cylinder and the work surface of the piston 39 so coordinated that the piston always has different intermediate layers at different blade heights assumes in the cylinder but does not rest against a stop or remains firmly seated in the cylinder, except perhaps at the highest blade height. The length of the regulator thus changes depending on the lifting cylinder pressure.

The scanning of uneven floors by the button follows in the manner described above, the movements of the button ö * jp valve spool 11 being transmitted by the regulator 35, which under these circumstances can practically be regarded as a rigid member. If the cutting share encounters an obstacle which has not been scanned by the button, the lifting cylinder 33 is relieved. The pressure in lifting cylinder 3 suddenly drops, as a result of which the pressure in regulator cylinder 37 is suddenly lowered. Under the action of the spring kl , the piston 39 moves to the left as seen in the drawing and thereby pulls the valve spool 11 to the left. As a result, pressure medium is introduced into the lifting cylinder until the cutting coulter is so far

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has been lifted so that it drives freely over the obstacle. As soon as the cutter has been lifted from the obstacle, the pressure rises again in the lifting cylinder 33 and thus in the regulator cylinder 37, whereby the piston 39 is displaced to the right while compressing the spring kl and the pressure supply to the lifting cylinder 33 is shut off. The cutting share will therefore slide over the obstacle essentially weightlessly in that the lifting cylinder 33 is supplied with pressure medium for lifting the cutting share as soon as it is lifted from the obstacle. This height regulation triggered by the stop by means of the regulator 35 takes place very quickly, namely faster than the button is able to respond to an obstacle. When the button, which does not sense an obstacle, finally responds and emits a lowering impulse, the obstacle (e.g. a stone) is already overtaken, so that the lowering impulse arrives in good time to ensure quick compliance. But if the obstacle is elongated in the direction of travel and the button comes to pivot in the clockwise direction, the entire regulator 35 and thus the slide 11 is moved to the right. At a certain height of the obstacle, the shift to the left under the action of the regulator 35 is compensated precisely by the shifting movement directed to the right under the action of the button 3, so that the slide! takes its rest position,

in which the connection 29 is with c. This is the highest position i

em lifting cylinder 33 locked η which the cutting share

can slide weightlessly over the obstacle, and this is the highest Position corresponds to that using dejs lever ί? set

Cutting charge height.

If the obstacle is Rebuilt and d \ e Söhneideschar will not be lifted from .Hindernis, the button takes 3 alone again Höhtfceinsteilung. The button hangs in

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this position freely or scans a greater height than the preset and is swiveled down clockwise, whereby the valve slide 11 is shifted to the right and the regulator cylinder 37 is under pressure again stands. The lifting cylinder 33 is relieved of the fact that the Regulating opening 29 is exposed and placed in connection with the inlet opening 23 of the valve 13. The cutting crowd is now lowered until button 3 scans the preset height again.

The device according to the invention therefore feels the load fluctuations on the cutting blade by sensing the pressure fluctuations in the lifting cylinder and independently regulates the lifting and lowering of the cutting share as a function of this from the pre-set altitude. Because the height adjustment Depending on the load, changes in the weight of the cutting share will in principle also be changes the height of the cutting share with you · This weight However, fluctuations are so small that they are practically meaningless.

The invention is above in connection with the scanning device of a combine harvester. The scanning device with button, regulator and hydraulic Valve can also be used for other agricultural machinery or jjecloch Vehicles with, with respect to the earth's surface, adjustable Device parts are used Establishment can continue to be used for setting the> Distance between a body and a ' be used relative to this movable surface.

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Claims (1)

IB Bolinder-Munktell Eskilstuna, Sweden Parent asspriiche j 1 J apparatus OCE for scanning von.Unebenheiten earth's V ^ Smile Friend and AEM dependent adjusting the height of the cutting multitude "ines combine öiier the height of a corresponding supported by a vehicle body, comprising a BodenfoLieeiisriehtraig with a driven from iron pressure medium I ^T ~ b5z.ylinaer (33) Sv ^ öle Selineiäesehar, at least one button (3 * * + 5) sua AttasteB the bottom surface (1) and a height adjustment valve ClS) ₅ both by hand for presetting a desired S-cutting share height as can also be actuated by the button zvlt Beil behgjti; ng the preset Ib'he, characterized by the fact that the button 0 * 5) for scanning the floor area in front of the Ks33 «r of the Schnaläeschar (65) awgisoränet \ mü . is preferably designed so that the point of contact between the button and an unevenness, the further away from the knife, the higher the unevenness is. 2 »Device according to claim 1, characterized in that g e Je e η η draws, that the button (* f5) moves from a deepest, preferably just in front of the Hesser (65) for scanning the set height forwards and upwards extends. 009822/0271 BATH ORIGINAL 19 55241 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η, that the button (! +5) is from a deep, - ' The first part, preferably just in front of the knife (65), is used to scan the set height at the same time as the height of the TJnebheiten increasing distance from the knife and regardless of the direction of travel of the combine, upwards and both forwards (^ 7) as well as backwards (* t9). k, device according to claims 1-3> characterized geke η η is characterized in that the front end of the button (^ 5) is pivotably mounted on the cutter blade (51) and a lever arm (53) located on the other side of the mounting (51) ), which is coupled to the height adjustment valve (13) for actuating the same when scanning, uneven floors. 5 *. Device according to claims 3 and ^, characterized by a joint (55) between the front (k?) And the rear part (k9) of the button (k5) and in that the rear end of the button is mounted axially displaceable and pivotable. ( 59 »60). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the joint (55) between the front and rear parts ( kB-ky) of the button (h5) is pivoted upwards so that it lies above the scanning plane of the button. 7. The device according to claims 1-6, with a switched on in the connection between the button and the valve regulator (35) comprising a pressure medium cylinder (37) with a piston (39), which in one direction by a spring ( ¹ KL) 009822/0277 BAD ORIGINAU 1955241 and, in the opposite direction from the pressure in the lifting cylinder is acted upon, whereby when the cutting share encounters an obstacle and the pressure in the lifting cylinder suddenly drops, the length of the dBS regulator changes and the valve is switched to raise the cutting share, characterized in that the characteristic the spring (* fl) so on the working pressure range of the lifting cylinder and the piston area is adjusted so that the piston (39) for all working pressures in the lifting cylinder, if necessary with the exception of the largest blade height corresponding working pressure in the lifting cylinder, an intermediate position in the cylinder (37) occupies, whereby the regulator The cutting share is immediately 'ready for use at all altitudes. 00 * 822/027? Blank page