DE19512998C2 - Swing blade internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

The system is based on the work cycles of one Two-stroke or four-stroke piston engine with internal Combustion, however, the thrust-turning movement of the Work elements replaced by the swivel-turn movement becomes. The design is for both petrol and diesel, as well as glow-head method.

The publications are the state of the art DE-OS 26 39 530 and DE 43 24 097 A1 are used. Document DE-OS 26 39 530 describes a two-stroke Two-chamber swing piston engine with two swing pistons. At this known arrangement, the gas pressure generated by a rectangular surface of the swing piston. The angular momentum generated is with the help of a Swivel piston directly connected to the connecting rod Passed crankshaft.

The publication DE 43 24 097 A1 describes a four-stroke Ver internal combustion engine, but based on the principle of Subject of registration differs too far.

The invention has for its object a motor high efficiency, low wear and small Construct dimensions.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by the patent claim 1 mentioned features solved.

Force impulses from combustion gases act on a blade-shaped part ( 9 ) (the angular blade shape shown in the drawings is only intended for the simplified [welded] manufacture of a prototype; a rounded shape is decisive for series production!) And is converted into a torque via the work unit converted.

As shown in the diagram of the kinematics, Fig. 1 of the drawings, the increase in pressure resulting from the combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber acts on the blade of a pendulum element ( 9 ) and generates the pendulum moment. This moment is converted into the torque in the crank system ( 16 ) via the pendulum shaft ( 24 ), swing arm ( 21 ) and connecting rod ( 20 ) and finally transferred to the large flywheel ( Fig. 1). (see legend for αp and βw). Due to the long arm of the gas pressure resultants and the large pendulum angle, a high pendulum moment is achieved. This principle and the kinematic arrangement thus enable the energy to be used more effectively. In addition, compared to conventional engine designs, there are a number of new or deeper analyzed factors, which as a whole offer further advantages, such as:

• 1. Small and light engine block.
• 2. Low manufacturing costs.
• 3. The different radii of the angular movement (Difference in the decrement of the volume on the larger Radius in relation to volume on the smaller radius) additionally forces the flow of air or the mixture in the radial direction (inwards). That creates better Conditions for mixing both the fuel with the air as well as the flame front after ignition and leads to better combustion.
• 4. The possible use of a full roller bearing causes a lower friction resistance, which also means a longer service life is achieved.
• 5. Large stroke volume (through pendulum stroke) with a smaller stroke of the Pendulum mass center of gravity and shorter angular path of the Mass center.
• 6. The system can be used both for third-party and for Ignition can be used.
• 7. The round shape of the construction results in great rigidity.
• 8. Possible use of a gear control overhead control shafts due to small Wheelbase.
• 9. Relief of the swing arm crankshaft area from Inertial forces of the pendulum masses with regard to the Deceleration of the masses as the compression increases pressure in the combustion chamber in the final phase of each pendulum period.
• 10. Using a very short connecting rod causes:
  • a) smaller connecting rod mass and greater kink resistance,
  • b) rapid increase in the theoretical connecting rod arm (in the crank system), which is of great importance in the initial phase of relaxation, ie in gas-high pressure relaxation.
• 11. The change in length of the swing arm ( 21 ) by means of an eccentric attachment of the bolt enables both external and self-ignition (diesel) with almost the same construction.

The drawings Fig. 3 to 6 contain the design of a four-stroke engine with two 2-bladed pendulum units, 4 combustion chambers (= 2 work rooms) . The full symmetry in all games (inlet, compression, work and outlet) is thus achieved. A multiplicity of the system can be implemented (e.g. 8, 12, 16,... Combustion chambers).

• a) Operation of a four-stroke engine in a symmetrical system - with four combustion chambers (2 units are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the crank-swing arm system) or a multiplicity of this system.

In each work cycle, the pendulum units move in a certain pendulum angle at which the Crankshaft by means of the crank swing arm system by 180 degrees turns.

Scheme of the kinematics Fig. 6

Phase I: Unit I (left side):

Room 1 - compression
Room 2 - relaxation (work)

Unit II (right side):

Room 3 - outlet
Room 4 - inlet (suction)

Phase II: Unit I (left side):

Room 1 - relaxation (work)
Room 2 - outlet

Unit II (right side):

Room 3 - inlet (suction)
Room 4 - compression

Underlying angle values:
30 degrees <αp <60 degrees
60 degrees <βw <120 degrees

The drawings Fig. 7 to 12 contain the design of a two-stroke engine with two 1-bladed pendulum units, 2 combustion chambers (= 2 work spaces) and a calculation process . A multiplicity of the system can be carried out (e.g. 1, 2, 4, 6,. Combustion chambers).

• b) Operation of a two-stroke engine in a symmetrical system with two combustion chambers (2 pendulum units are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the crank-swing arm system). The working cycle in combustion chamber 1 gives this unit an angular movement and triggers the pendulum moment, which is transmitted to the crank system (via the crank-swing arm mechanism) in order to be converted there into the torque. At this point in time, the charge (air or fuel-air mixture) is compressed in the combustion chamber 2 to the required pressure. The exhaust gases are discharged in the final phase of the expansion (working cycle), through outlet via the valves arranged in the combustion chamber head. The shovel of the pendulum unit opens and closes the intake ducts.

It is envisaged the initial charging process over a few To perform work cycles using a compressor.

Scheme of the kinematics Fig. 8

Phase I:

Relaxation (work)
Reversal of the pendulum unit on the combustion chamber head

Phase II:

compression
Reversal of the pendulum unit on the crankshaft
Outlet and inlet (suction).

Based on angular values:
0 degrees <αp <30 degrees
90 degrees <βw <120 degrees

Legend

αp - angle between the swing arm and crankshaft axis in the turning position of the pendulum element. The choice of αp determines the instantaneous value of the transmission ratio of the crank system in relation to the oscillation system iz, which can reach βw = 110 degrees to approximately 1.9 at a certain point of the oscillating arm angular path. The position of the swing arm to the crank system is shown in drawing Fig. 2 of the system 3 .

βw - angle between the turning positions of the pendulum element. The choice of this component determines the pendulum (stroke) volume.
Point 1 - turning position on the combustion chamber head,
Point 2 - turning position of the crank,
rw - swing arm radius,
rwz - variable swing arm (theoretical), vertical in the direction of the force acting along the connecting rod axis,
rk - crank arm in the crank system (constant radius),
rkz - variable crank arm (theoretical), force acting vertically in the direction of the connecting rod,
Point z - axis position of the connecting rod head on the curvature determined by the swing arm radius,
Point z ′ - axial position of the connecting rod foot in connection with point z on the curvature determined by the crank radius,
Mwz - the pendulum moment variable in value and direction,
n, Mkz - direction of rotation and action of the crank torque, which is variable in value,
k - connecting rod
n. . . - Number of turns and direction
Ka - outlet duct
Ks - intake duct
Rs - intake pipe
Vs - intake valve
Va - exhaust valve
Pu - reversal point (I and II) of the pendulum element
Oil - lubricating and cooling oil

Position directory

1 control shaft
2 valve levers
3 valve spring
4 outlet valve
5 suction valve
6 sealing segments (between combustion chambers, blades and the lateral surfaces of the pendulum element)
7 combustion chamber head with valve control gear (3 exhaust valves)
8 pendulum shaft channel
9 pendulum element
10 housing
11 cooling water room
12 screw connection
13 rolling bearings
14 valve timing gear
15 hood
16 crank swing arm system
17 Housing of the crank arm system
18 pack
19 Side hoods of the work area
20 connecting rod
21 swing arm
22 combustion chamber
23 Small flywheel
24 pendulum shaft
25 crankshaft
26 Spark plug with spark ignition, injection with auto ignition
27 oscillating unit (pendulum element, pendulum shaft, oscillating arm)
28 blades and their shapes

Drawings with calculation example

1 diagram of the kinematics
2 Position of the swing arm in relation to the crank system
3 four-stroke engine, compilation
4 Pendulum element with combustion chamber, section AA
5 Pendulum element with combustion chamber, section BB
6 Cross-section with schematic of the kinematics of the crank-swing arm system
7 two-stroke engine with single-blade pendulum element
8 Scheme of the kinematics of the crank arm system of a two-stroke engine with a single-blade pendulum element
9 Kinematic schemes for two- or four-stroke engines
10 Scheme I, two-stroke engine with 2 combustion chambers
11 a / b Scheme II, two-stroke diesel engine with 2 combustion chambers
12 a / b calculation, two-stroke process with 2 combustion chambers

Claims (7)

1. Swing vane internal combustion engine for two and four stroke processes with the following features:

• - One on a pendulum shaft ( 24 ) mounted pendulum element ( 9 ) for generating an oscillating pendulum moment
• - A pendulum element ( 9 ) for receiving the gas pressure energy, the working surface of which deviates from a rectangular shape,
• - A crank-swing arm system ( 16 ) for converting the pendulum torque into the torque of a crank shaft ( 25 ), the swing arm ( 21 ) on the pendulum shaft ( 24 ) being fixed and the pendulum torque via a steered connecting rod ( 20 ) to the crank shaft ( 25 ) is passed on.

2. Swivel vane internal combustion engine according to claim 1, with a trapezoidal working surface of the pendulum element ( 9 ). 3. swivel vane internal combustion engine according to claim 1, with a rounded working surface of the pendulum element ( 9 ). 4. Swing vane internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the pendulum element ( 9 ) is designed with two blades, two combustion chambers and a work space. 5. swivel blade internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the pendulum element ( 9 ) is designed with a blade, a combustion chamber and a working space. 6. swing bucket internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the swing arm ( 21 ) sweeps a pendulum angle βw of minimum 90 degrees and maximum 130 degrees; the angle αp ranges from greater than 0 degrees to a maximum of 30 degrees. 7. swing blade internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a change in the degree of compression by changing the length of the swing arm ( 21 ) is achieved by means of eccentric mounting of the swing arm bolt.