DE1809545A1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

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ParkSon Industrial Equipment Company Limiter), Dartford, Kent / Enerland

Plate heat exchanger

The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger.

It is common practice to form heat exchangers from a number of thin, generally identical plates which pass through Sealing inserts or other sealants next to each other and spaced apart. It is of course desirable to use the largest possible proportion utilizing the total area of each plate for heat transfer, and many different proposals have been made for this purpose made to arrange the plates and their seals so that a satisfactory economic operation is achieved.

Plate heat exchangers have essentially three different areas of application. These are the evaporation in which the substance to be treated (usually as ^M product "

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is heated to such an extent that it emerges from its liquid phase passes into the gaseous phase, the condensation, in which the opposite effect occurs and a first substance present in the vapor phase is deprived of its poor so that it passes into the liquid phase, and the Heat transfer from liquid to liquid, with both the so-called product and the heat transfer medium remain in the liquid phase. In the case of evaporation processes, it is often necessary to use a liquid to evaporate from low-voltage .Vasserdampf as a heating medium. The resulting steam volumes are considerable larger than the volumes in heat exchangers in which there is a heat transfer from liquid to liquid phase. The pressure drop increases steadily with the throughput, whereby the effective temperature difference between the slat sides increases decreased and the capacity of the bystem seriously impaired. Therefore, larger duct cross-sections are required for an economical evaporation process than to realize them with conventional panels sina. The »heat transfer medium, i.e. the substance that is used for the Carrying out the desired heat treatment of the product use finds, can occur in liquid as well as in vapor phase and is almost condensation always in the liquid phase.

With the usual arrangement within a plate heat exchanger If one of the substances, for example the product, enters the varine exchanger at one end or in a corner of the Plates, between the first pair of plates, through openings in the space between the second pair of plates and so on, while the other substance, for example the heat transfer medium, in the opposite sense between

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two pairs of plates each pass through the successive plates. Heat transfer plates need a large one Meet number of requirements regarding heat transfer, Self-sustainability, low strength, etc. and are proportionate expensive to manufacture. It is therefore desirable to build a "heat exchanger" from plates that are mutually so far are as identical and as identical as possible, so that manufacturing processes are reduced to a minimum can. A high proportion of the cost of producing conventional Slabs is caused by measures to increase their bearing capacity, as it is common to use openings punch out and the heat exchanger from successive the same, but in each case inverted plates, to create the required flow pattern. Conventional Plates are usually rectangular and have four openings at their four corners, as is the case, for example, from the USA patent (Patent application?) 935 542 appears.

An aim of the invention is to avoid the cost that by making the openings in the plates, the loss of efficiency due to insufficiently uniform contact of the substances with the total available for the «poor transition Plate area and others of manufacture and use inherent defects are caused by heat exchangers using apertured plates.

The heat exchanger according to the invention has a number of Side-by-side plates that form two separate groups of flow channels for one to be treated Form liquid or for a heat transfer medium, which with the liquid to be treated in .Värmeaustausch

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occurs, and is characterized in that adjacent channels for one or the other liquid via connecting elements connected, which at the same time have a supply line or a discharge line for the liquid in question to or from the channels, and that the spaces between successive plates that form a group of flow channels form, are connected to one of the supply lines and one of the discharge lines, while the other channel group opposite this line is blocked. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flow channels of one group alternate with those of the other group, which Liquid supply and drainage lines run along the side of the individual plates along the plate arrangement and the spaces between the plates depend on the individual plates lines together that the two liquids through all even-numbered or odd-numbered spaces between the plates flow back and forth.

Preferably, the lines run along the plates to connect to the flow channels.

Furthermore, the panels are within the panel assembly. preferably equal to one another, and the individual flow channels are determined by the shape and arrangement of the seals certainly. It is often advantageous to build the heat exchanger from rectangular plates. This gives it an essentially block-like or cubic shape, with head links or end plates at both ends of the plate assembly '(with the associated seals or other sealing provisions) are clamped. The channels or other lines through

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which provide the necessary connection between the gaps between the panels is made can run along the block and have a width equal to the entire or at least a substantial part of the plate width on the relevant side.

The lines for the one liquid are preferably provided on opposite sides of the plate arrangement. The lines for the other liquid also expediently run along the / same plate sides.

The lines can consist of connecting links that are attached to the plate edges are provided so that they are in their entirety a distributor-like connecting member for the relevant Form liquid.

In one embodiment of the invention the product flows alternately in opposite directions, for example up and down, through successive product channels and on channels in between for the heat transfer medium over, the product channels above and below are in connection with each other via lines that connect to the heat exchanger walk along. These lines are blocked alternately, i.e. on every other plate, so that the product can only be transported through the To let product channels pass through. Preferably, two identical lines are provided around the heat transfer medium through the other group of channels, which are also blocked alternately.

For a further understanding of the invention, the following are preferred Embodiments of the same in connection with

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the accompanying drawings. In it shows

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first Embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention with hatches without openings;

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a number of plates as used in the one shown in FIG reproduced heat exchangers find use;

FIG. 3 shows a detail of a plate as shown in FIG is;

FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view with another embodiment of the plate;

FIG. 6 is a similar schematic perspective view a third embodiment of the plates;

FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the plates;

FIG. 8 shows a detail of one formed from the plates according to ü'igur 7 Heat exchanger;

FIG. 9 shows a detail of the edges of a number of adjoining plates with a special shape of the seals;

FIG. 10 shows a detail of a fifth embodiment of the plates with a connecting link in the form of a welded one standardized line part j

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FIG. 11 shows a cross section along the line XI-XI in FIG and

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective partial view of a built up from plates according to FIGS. 10 and 11 Heat exchanger.

Figure 1 of the drawings shows an example of a complete heat exchanger according to the invention. J * in number of individual Plates 1 are clamped together by means of pressure plates 2 / clamping bolts 3, a line 4 into which the product passes a nozzle 5 enters is provided on top of the heat exchanger. Such a line 4- 'with an outlet nozzle 5 'for the product is on the bottom of the heat exchanger arranged. Such a supply line 8 with an inlet connection 6 and a discharge line 9 with an outlet connection 7 are provided for the heat transfer or heating medium.

Figure 2 is an exploded view of six plates of the heat exchanger, the individual plates being the Bear reference numerals 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e and 1f.

The lines 4, 4 '8 and 9 consist of channel members rectangular Profiles that are open on one side and flanges

10 have which in L-shaped slots 11 on the edges of plates 1a to 1f fit. Seals 12, through which the slots 11 also pass, surround the edge of a Side of each plate 1a to 1f except between the slots

11 at the top and bottom of the plates 1a, 1c and 1e and on the sides of the plates 1b and 1d. The width of the Gap depends on the purpose for which the HLatte are used target. Through these gaps created by corrugated spacers,

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as shown in Figure 3 and on the .flatten, for example by spot welding, the product and the heat transfer medium flow therethrough. This arrangement permits es, the manufacture on a single type of plate for both the product channels and those of the heat transfer medium to restrict. Optionally, the plate surface can also be corrugated within the gaps.

Preferably, the plates, as well as the lines and spacers, are made of stainless steel or titanium.

The flow path of the product is indicated by the arrows 23, while the broken arrows 24 in FIG specify the flow path of the heat transfer medium «The product thus flows along the upper line 4, from there down the channel located between the plates 1a and 1b into the lower conduit 4 ', in this under the conduit between through plates 1b and 1c, through the channel between plates 1c and 1d, up through the ivanal between the leaves 1d and 1e and back down through the channel between the .flatten 1e and 1f. At the upper end of the .flatten 1b and 1f as well as at the lower - ^ end of the plate 1d there are locking plates 15, which block the upper line 4 and the lower line 4 'and force the product into the relevant channels to enter. These blocking plates 15 are equipped with sealing strips 16, which can be seen more clearly in FIG.

The heat transfer medium flows from the line 8 into the channels between the plates 1b and 1c and 1d and 1e and flows

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through line 9.

The .figuren b and 6 show another way of inserting lines with a rectangular or arched profile into the edges of the panels 1. Instead of puddles 10, the walls of the lines in this case have cylindrical beads 18 on their edges which fit into cylindrical or keyhole-shaped openings 19 with a neck portion 20 which extends towards the plate edges.

Another and even simpler .veg for connecting the lines to the plates can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, a single plate and a partial side view of a corresponding heat exchanger show,! times Figure 7 are the Plate 1 and the associated seal 12 with recesses 30 provided, in which the cylindrical beads 18 of the line 31 fit. As can be seen from Figure 8, the line held in place by members 32 which press them against the panels 1, while at the same time providing the seal is ensured. The members 32 are screwed into a rod 33 which runs along and on the heat exchanger the end plates 2 of the same is attached. In this way, the lines shown in FIG. 2 can also be connected to the Plates are attached, with no recesses on the plate edges are required.

The pain described in connection with FIGS. 7 and 8 The fastening of the lines to the plates allows the seals shown in FIG. 9 to be used. How out FIG. 9 shows, the plate edges are bent at right angles to form flanges 41, and seals 40, which

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can be made from a drawn strip are drawn over the flanges 41. Thereupon the seals are cut out to provide inlet and outlet openings for aie product channels bsw. to form the channels of the heating medium.

Figure 9 also shows a possibility of fixing the corrugated spacers 14 - the spacers 14 are connected to one another in pairs, with a connecting bridge 42 resting on a plate lying in between. For example, the spacers belonging to the plates 1g and 1e according to FIG. 2 can be connected in such a way that the connecting member comes to rest on the plate Id.

FIG. 10 shows a partial view of an “exchanger plate 50” without openings. A seal 51 for sealing the gap between adjacent plates 50 within a '.Värmetauschers extends around the edge of the plate 5Ü around except for part of the plate, which is considered in the Example is near a corner. For the supply and discharge of the liquid if there are no openings in the plate, a strip-like part 52 made of the plate material in Uestalt a loop, for example by welding, attached to the corner of the plate in order to form a connecting line 53. These .Loop is formed, as can be seen from i'igur 10, so that the part 52 the gasket 51 at the upper corner of the plate 50 outwards, which thereby forms a semicircle and runs straight back to the side edge of the plate 50, where it adjoins the rest of the seal 51 at right angles.

as can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11, the latter of which represents a section along the line XI-XI in FIG

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the strip-like part 52 consists of a continuously U-shaped Profile. In this a seal 54 is used, which with the seal 51 is connected »

The arrangement of the seal 51 in the area of the line 53 depends on whether the medium passing through the line 53 also flowed downwards at the end face 55 (FIG. 10) of the plate 50.If this is the case, the seal 51 has the shape which is shown in Figure 10 with solid lines ₀ However, if the medium passing through the line 53 is not allowed to flow along the end face 55, which is the case with every second slat of the plate arrangement of the heat exchanger, a further seal 56 is required as it passes through the dashed lines in Figure 10 is indicated. The curved corner portion of the plate 50 is preferably designed accordingly, so that it is able to accommodate the seal 56 in a channel whose cross section is the same as that indicated by 52 in FIG.

FIG. 12 shows a finished evaporator made of plates which carry an external distributor 57 which consists of a series of lines 53 which, as can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11, are arranged at corresponding points on the plates A concerned and provided with seals. The panels are held together in the normal manner by bolts (not shown) which pass through end panels 58 and 58. These end plates 58 and 58 'are provided with manifold sections 59 and 59', respectively, which correspond to the outboard manifold 57 in order to create a seal between the individual panels of the manifold. The end plate 58 has an opening 60 which is aligned with and in communication with the conduit members of the individual plates.

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The connecting links formed by the lines 53 can of course have many ^{shapes differing from those according to JJ 1} IgUr 10 and 12, and it is naturally also possible to vary the effective cross-section of the lines 53 in order to meet special requirements.

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Claims (1)

'■ "■■." ■ ""■■'"!'! I !!!!! UiIf ₁ T ¹ Ff ¹¹¹ - 1 8 O R 5 4 5 - 13 - Claims ι 1 Λ Plate heat exchanger with a Heine on the side "side-by-side panels that separate two from each other Form groups of flow channels for a liquid to be treated or for a heat transfer medium, which with the liquid to be treated enters into heat exchange, characterized in that adjacent channels for the one or the other liquid are connected via connecting elements (4, 4 ', 8, 9t 53), which at the same time have a supply line or form a discharge for the liquid in question to or from the channels, and that the spaces between successive plates (1, 50) that form a group of the flow channels are in communication with one of the supply lines and one of the discharge lines, while the other Channel group is locked to this line. 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow channels of one group alternate with those of the other group, that the liquid supply and discharge lines (4, 4 ¹ , 8, 9, 53) on the side of the individual plates (1 , 50) run along the plate arrangement and that the spaces between the blades are related to the individual lines in the way that the two liquids flow back and forth through all the even-numbered or odd-numbered intermediate spaces. 909834/0942 18095Λ5 - u - 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized marked that the individual battens (1, 50) are separated from each other by seals (12, 51), which are located where the lines (4, 4 ', 8, 9, 53) run along the hats, Have openings for a connection between the lines and the PC channels formed between the slats to manufacture. 4. -Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lines (4, 4 ', 8, 9, 50) are zanal-shaped profiled members with one open side are that of the panel assembly is facing, and that the edges of these members sealingly connect to the plates. 5. Heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the lines (4, 4 ', 8, 9) on Their accounts have flanges that fit into corresponding slots (11) are inserted on the slat edges. 6. ', «poor exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that the lines (4, 4 ¹ , 8, 9) carry a bead 08 at their edges, which is inserted into a correspondingly shaped slot (19) on the plate edges is. 7. Heat exchanger according to. Claim 4, characterized in that that the hands of the lines (4, 4 ', 8, 9) are pressed into recesses (30) on the plate edges. 909834/0942 1 8 O Π 5 U 8. heat exchanger according to one of claims 4 to 7, thereby -: eke η η ζ eich η et that the lines (4, 4 ¹ , 8, 9) have a rectangular cross-section. ^, Heat exchanger according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the openings in the seals (12) are provided with corrugated spacers (I4) are. 10. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 3 to 9> characterized in that their blades (1) are equal to one another and the individual flow channels are determined by the pin and arrangement of the seals (12) are. 1.1. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its plates (1, 50) are rectangular. 12. A heat exchanger according to claim 11, characterized in that the lines (eg 4, 4 ^f ) occur for a liquid on opposite sides of the plate assembly. ■ -A 909834/0942 1R η q 5 L 5 13. Heat exchanger according to claim 12, characterized in that the lines { for example 8, 9) are provided for the other liquid on one side of the plate arrangement. 14. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 10 to 13 »characterized in that the lines (53) are formed from provided on the lath edges connecting links (52) which are arranged so that they a result in distributor-like connecting element (57) for the liquid in question. 15. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding Objections, marked by the fact that the lines (e.g. 53) are welded to the hats (e.g. 50). 16. Heat exchanger according to claim 14 or 1b, characterized in that the channel-shaped Connecting links (52) are provided with seals (54) and as supply and discharge lines for one or the other channel group to serve. 17. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the to the plates (1, 50) associated spacer (14) by a connecting bridge (42) which extends over the intervening down, are connected in pairs. 909834/0942 ORIGINAL