DE1557973A1 - Device for distributing granular material, in particular for agricultural purposes - Google Patents

Description

Device for distributing granular material, in particular for agricultural purposes Purposes.

Many chemicals used in agriculture have Grain shape. For example, small hard particles such as limestone or shell splinters can be combined with adhesive Agents from preparations containing herbicides or insecticides are coated, for example, inert grains of chalk or clay are useful as carriers of active ingredients absorbed therein Fertilizers can be produced in granular form.

There are various devices that serve to do this To scatter grains on the land. Some are trained to sit in strains near plants or in grains

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Furrows into which the seed is scattered. throw off. Other scatter the grains evenly over a wide area. The distribution of insecticides or herbicides in granular form, however, is more difficult than that of fertilizers, since it is usually far less Quantities are required and many machines are not well suited for this purpose.

The object of the present invention is to provide a new convenient apparatus for distribution of granules, particularly fio ^{1 shows} the distribution of pesticides in granular form, but is indeed nuch suitable for the distribution of fertilizers and seeds.

Many known machines effect a wide spread distribution through the use of numerous outlet devices, attached to a long grain container. However, these machines are unsuitable for transportation the street, through garden gates etc. through. In addition, muii the size of the quantity dispensed from each outlet must be so small that it is sufficient or reliably regulated Performance is no longer possible.

The exit of the grains is much easier to regulate with large amounts than with small amounts. A machine, which both have the disadvantage of a long feed hopper (or Funnel) and the difficulty in regulating it The so-called "spinner" machine (propeller bow machine?), in which a

only large outflow is regulated or adjusted and falls onto a plate rotating around a vertical shaft, from which the grains enter at high speed large area being thrown »It's on this machine however difficult to obtain sufficient uniformity to ensure distribution over the entire spreading area, since the distance over which the grains are thrown from depends on the grain size and is influenced by cross winds will. The device according to the invention described below combines the advantages of a single compact one Feed container with the advantage that a single large Current positive and sufficient when spreading over a wide area and over a large number of at a distance from each other located outlet openings is regulated.

It has now been found: that, according to the invention, a very satisfactory grain distribution ■ is achieved, when the flow of grains is divided vertically and the divided streams are separated in the manner described below. ' ..-. ■ - · ■ -. ;

The invention accordingly relates to a grain distribution device, those at or below the outlet opening of a Feed container is attachable or attachable, the one Has receiving grid that in a number of passages is divided by means of a number of thin webs', which

at their upper ends parallel to the direction of flow of the. Grains run and underneath these upper ends-like that curved or angled that the passages with

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increasing distance from that by the upper ends of the Bars defined receiving grids have a larger cross section or the bars get a greater distance from one another.

The receiving grid is preferably rectangular, and the webs are in the direction of its smaller side * Die Passages into which the receiving grille is divided, can be dimensioned to be the same or different in size. The delivery rate of the grains at the delivery points is proportional to the relative width of the passages in the receiving grid.

In the following, the term "receiving grid" is used in the case of the grain distribution device to indicate the location on To designate the inlet of the grain flow, where it is divided by the ridges, and the term "gate" is used for Designation of the immediately adjoining part of the device. After the flow of grains has been divided in this way and quietly, these divided flows can separated from each other in different ways. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Bars separating openings in the grille on the receiving grille very narrow and widen with increasing distance from the receiving grid and thus separate the passages from each other. The separated. Passages are expedient connected with lines in the form of pipes that lead to the Köriierauulaßstellen, or the separate passages can seibot form the lines and continue to the grain outlet points.

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In another embodiment, they are the passages separating webs of the grid arranged parallel to one another 'and each of the passages is connected to a line that extends with increasing distance from the receiving grid further away from the other lines that lead to guide the grain outlet points; the lines can. ■ for example in the form of pipes or with ' increasing distance from the · (he rode widened in such a way that, as a result of their enlarged width, they broadened the outlet zone to complete. ■■ "..- '

In a further embodiment, the webs of the grille separating the passages from one another are only at the receiving end. grid or receiving end parallel to each other and run apart downwards so that the passages with expand / widen the distance from the receiving grid and these widened passages either to the grain outlet points finely set or with leading to these positions - Drilling or lines are connected.

: üi / enn as pipes are used to drill, these are preferred smooth, flexible drill with a uniform cross-section. '■

In general, it is preferable to use such drillings as conduits 'to use, as it is much easier with this drilling is to provide an apparatus capable of spreading grains over a wide area.

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However, if only a distribution over a narrow area, about 60 cm or less is needed, the use is separate No drilling is required and the lines can either come from the culverts themselves or a short extension the passages exist. With such a training, the passages can either widen by widening Web and / or are separated from one another by webs of constant thickness, only the Expand passages. The bars can be made of Meta.ll, plastic or other similar material.

The accrual keeps it "can be and is very small appropriately designed so that it can be distributed with one of the Grains felled sack can be connected. Of the Zuf clock container or funnel has zv / eclonäßig on his Underside a slot of fixed length and adjustable width, the smallest width still allowing an uninterrupted flow due to the weight of the grains. The width should be variably adjustable in order to allow a change in the delivery quantities.

In the following, the mode of operation of the distribution device is only described, for example, in its preferred embodiment in which the webs forming the grid increase Have thickness and are associated with drilling leading to the outlet points, explained.

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The feed hopper or hopper can be used alone as a container serve or be connected to a larger storage container located outside. A uniform ribbon-like current flows from the above. Receiving grid arranged from the container slot, wherein the Mounting grid made of thin bars made of metal, plastic or another rigid .Material that is directly run vertically below the level of the fitter and then diverge outwards and downwards. The webs are designed so that they are thicker in the downward direction, where ^ by widening the passages created between them and at the same time moving further apart * The entry plane of the grid is arranged horizontally, and the ridges from which it is formed run in the transverse direction of the ribbon of falling grains. In this way, the ribbon of vertically falling grains becomes one Number of equal inclined streams divided into a number of smooth, flexible pipes can be routed. These Pipes lead downwards in a smooth and steep course, whereby. preferably the deviation from the vertical at each Position is less than 45 °; the pipes can be attached to their lower ends attached to any suitable tool rail. '

The undivided stream flowing down from the feed container is thus divided evenly, and the divided Streams are at any desired distance from each other unaffected by wind or grain size up to the effort

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of the ground. If a distribution in one is desired, in this way the outlets are arranged in the corresponding row spacing. If an even distribution is desired, so the outlets are evenly spaced and preferably end 30 to 60 cm from the ground distant, and across the outlets are rods that spread the streams of grains.

The effective part of the device must be at least half that be as high as the desired width of the to be sprinkled Zone to ensure the bores are steep enough to prevent grain accumulation. At a Small hand-held device poses no problem. With one attached to a tractor The device according to the invention can be the actual distribution device can easily be designed and installed to make them compact for overland transportation The aggregate is collapsible, since the main part of the Device consists of flexible tubes. The tool rail and the holder for the container can be used in an appropriate manner Way be hinged or collapsible. If necessary, the raised feed ^ container has a small capacity and a lightweight construction have and from a larger, lower-lying container i-via a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor more conventional Type of construction "fed".

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The essential feature of the invention consists in the division of a single stroma of the grains with a rectangular cross-section into a number of equal diverging partial streams, which brings about a smooth transition of these partial streams into conventional bores or lines.

This part of the device is described below with reference to Drawings, for example, described, which are only an embodiment of the / inventive device for. Purposes of explanation, namely. Shows:

Fig. ·. 1 a G-e s on the tans i t of the device; Fig. 2 is a detail view of the upper part of the device;

lig. 3 a vertical section through the center of the feed - ". ■■ he keeps s, · the leveling slot and the actual dividing device ·, with the cutting plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the slot and parallel to the upper ends of the webs of the dividing device runs and

Fig. 4 is a vertical middle half section through the same device according to 'Fig. 3 in a perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 1, i.e. parallel to the long side of the slot and perpendicular to the webs of the dividing device plane.

A indicates the container and B the adjustment slot its bottom. 0 denotes a piece, e.g. sheet metal a rigid material that guides in guides under the bottom of the container is pressed against this and by means of a

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Screw D or an equivalent displacement device is adjustable in such a way "that the remaining width of the Slot is set. This device is contained in a box K attached to the feed tank. The inner walls E of the dividing device end in webs P of a grid and are held by outer walls G, the are inclined inwardly towards each other. While the inner walls diverge in such a way that the passage channels, the have a narrow, rectangular shape on the grille, are approximately square at the outlet end. The partition walls are so thick at their lower end that they with Recesses can be provided in which the conduit pipes H, into which the passage channels lead, without obstructive projections are added. The partition walls can, as for example with a molded body made of plastic, Solid or hollow if the ridges are made of folded strips of metal. The feed hopper and the Distribution devices are rigidly connected by external means, and the conduits lead to the spacer rod L, which is attached by a rigid member M to the hand-held feed hopper. W is a Trigger operated by the index finger when the feeder ^ container is held in the hand, and through which the slot B can be opened and closed.

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Claims (17)

; ■ "'·"' · F at e nt a η &'■ ρ r ü ch β. . ' . · . ■ -device for dividing granular material »iiia · ^ special for" ■ 'i'arid ^ ir1isc-haf.-tii6h "e" purposes "which are to be attached to or under" the outlet opening of a' feeder ' ngs container is characterized by the fact that a receiving grid (B, .1, G · ')' divided by a number of narrow webs (7) into a number of passages is provided, the webs (B, i ¹ ) of which are in the vicinity of their upper ones Ends parallel to the direction of flow, the grains run and underneath are bent or angled in such a way that. the passage paths get a greater distance from one another with increasing distance from the upper edges of the receiving grating given by the upper ends of the webs. "- ■■ ..._ ■., 2. Vorriqhtmvä ;. characterized gekennzeichnet- that the receiving grid (E, P, G) is rectangular and the webs (E ,!) ^ uer.in calibration Tung its narrow ^sides: by .Anspruch. 1 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that daia the webs (E,]?) separating the passageways on their upper ends or upper edges * where you can - Form lattices, have very small thickness and their thickness increases with increasing distance from their upper edges, so that the passageways are separated from each other. V V '■ - ■■' ■. "■■ * ■■ BAD ORIGINAL .- ' - - \ C - 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 »thereby characterized in that the separate passages with to the lines leading to the grain outlet are connected in the form of bores (H). 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the ears are smooth, flexible bores (H). 6. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the separate passages themselves form the conduits and continue to the grain outlet points. . 7. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the webs separating the passages of the grid are parallel run towards each other and. "each of the passages with ^ e one Line is connected, which with increasing distance from the Receiving grid occupies a greater distance from the other lines. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7 »characterized in that the lines are in the form of smooth tubes with a uniform cross-section. 9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the lines move away from the Extend the receiving grid. 10. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the webs (E, I ¹ ,) separating the passages of the receiving grating (B, F, G). only one receiving grid or only on its Top run parallel to each other and continue 909836/0692 Remove from each other at the bottom so that the passages with increasing distance from the receiving grid Idzw. from expand its top and then continue either to the grain outlet points or with drilling or ^. Lines are connected, 'leading to the grain outlet points to lead. / ■ '- · 11. Device naph one of claims 1 - 10, characterized in that the lines have the J ¹ Orm of tubes, more _o those at yours. Waist curve nowhere -wQS & g & s? · Deviate from the vertical as 45. 12. Device according to one of claims 1-11, characterized that the tubular lines are mounted in a rail (L) at their outlet end. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 - 12, characterized in that that. the outlet points are arranged according to the intended use. · ■ · H. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that d * aß the outlet points are arranged symmetrically so that results in an even distribution. 15. Device for the distribution of grains, in particular according to one of claims 1 - 14, characterized in that for the division of a "vertical grain flow of these , through one leading the grains to various lines Grid is passed through. 909836/0692 16. Provision with a grain distribution device according to • one of the preceding claims with a grain feed hopper connected "is identified by that the feed container (A) is above the grain distribution device arranged and provided on its underside with a slot (B), through the egg grain distribution device shallow, "ribbon-shaped stream of grains" flows up. 17.Vorrichtxmg according to claim 16, characterized in that the slot is adjustable "with a constant" length to a variable width. " .1R. Method for distributing granular material, characterized in, that a vertical grain flow is divided by passing it through one to different conduits ! leading grid is routed. Of the 909836/0692 _r •! BATH ORIGINAL Blank if e