DE1524914C3 - Magnetic core storage matrix - Google Patents

Description

to change the retentive state of the core, whereby the retentive state is not changed, when the required number of streams is not available.

It should also be noted that when having a core matrix as rows and columns of cores denotes that the terms "rows" and "columns" can be interchanged, because the designation of a row or column (as well as a "level" in a three-dimensional System) is arbitrary.

It is also clear that a given conductor will have an aligned (rectilinear) plurality of cores can penetrate and thus penetrate a geometric column or line, but the designer select a variety of cores in an arbitrary manner, all of these selected cores with one Can enforce ladder and refer to these cores as "row," "column," or "level," though they are not geometrically aligned. In general, the rows, columns and levels can go through Current drivers are operated, which are able via switching devices to erne specific line, Selectively select a column or level depending on commands from a computer control system. Furthermore, the power sources and switching devices can, for example, vacuum tubes, transistors or magnetic amplifiers, or they can be row, column or level drivers via a Be converter device or a magnetic core. Driver circuits are known. In particular is from the German patent specification 965 925 a composed of magnetic cores drive core matrix, the one Drives memory matrix, known. The drive cores are reset by a bias winding. For the purposes of the present invention, one of the coincidence currents of the memory core are driven from such a drive core matrix with a bias winding. A The drive core is saturated to a predetermined remanent state. If so desired is to transfer a stream from the drive core to a number of memory cores, e.g. B. So one Line, a drive core is moved from the predetermined retentive state to the other retentive state switched. The transfer from one retentive state to the other creates a voltage in a current conductor, which forms a closed circuit and which usually that Enforced memory cores to which the power is to be transmitted. A stream becomes through change The retentive state of the drive core generates pulses on the closed loop conductor admit.

To determine that a memory core has changed its retentive state, i. H. that a "1" was stored in the memory core, enforced in known devices (RCA Review, June 1952, P. 192 to 194) one read line all memory cores. Since there are many memory cores, the Reading line extremely long, which means that the noise level is too high and the signal on the reading line is weakened and because of the extreme length and the high inductance, too long a delay in the Reading out the information in the memory cores is caused. The memory cores in Divide groups and use a number of reading ladder, with the reading ladder over one OR gates are switched to the sense amplifier (USA.Patent 3 110 017). Such a one Setup requires a very high number of input terminals on the "OR" gate and one exact timing, whereby the gate (or gates) is (are) difficult to design, thus a there is considerable circuit complexity.

It is already known erne arrangement (French patent 1 345 177) in which to avoid the

ίο with all cores directly coupled reading conductor as the output conductor of the matrix, the output conductor is arranged outside the matrix and with the entirety of a control conductor, for. B. the row conductor is coupled. For the query, one of these control conductors assigned to the core to be queried is energized, then the second control conductor, which is assigned to the core to be queried and is perpendicular to it, e.g. B. the column ladder. The resulting signal (because of the back EMF occurring in the switching core) in the first control conductor is sampled via the output conductor which is assigned to the entirety of the memory matrix cores and is located outside the memory matrix.
The output conductor outside the matrix

is' quasi directly with diodes to the one control conductor coupled, and there are resistors placed in the control conductor to the diode of the chosen To let the control conductor become permeable. In the known proposal, two lines, namely

borrowed the output line common to all memory cores and the bias winding required. The ones used to separate the interference pulses Diodes and the associated resistors represent a considerable circuit complexity and consume also unnecessary performance.

Finally, an arrangement is known (Belgian patent specification 634 786) in which one coordinate line removes the read signal from the activated magnetic core from the matrix, the arrangement works with a single wire through the magnetic core and determines whether the core has a Back-EMF developed and the emergence of this back-EMF through sensing the potential of one appropriate point of the circuit is determined.

In this arrangement, too, the large number of diodes increases the impedance and thus the power requirement significantly when the memory is in operation.
The aim of the present invention is to be able to read out information from a coincidence memory without special output conductors routed through all cores in order to considerably reduce the number of conductors in such a memory and to simplify the circuit arrangement. Furthermore, the present invention is intended to keep energy consumption and circuit complexity to a minimum.

According to the invention it is proposed for this purpose that the bias winding at the same time The output conductor is that the input of the bias winding is connected to the sense amplifier and that the drive cores of the drive core matrix each with two adjacent rows of Memory matrix are connected by means of a ring line and the column current source is optionally positive or negative impulses can be extracted.

The bias winding is pre-

5 6

preferably connected to an AND gate, which is marked with F i g. 1, the memory core array 10 is a two-dimensional one second input to a clock generator, a modular matrix with “rc” columns and “m” rows. the is tet, where the clock signal at the point in time, to designation "columns" and "rows" can also be verdem the read signal is expected, can be switched on. be exchanged. Each of the matrix 12 drive cores

In a further embodiment of the invention, there is a ferromagnetic core with two lines beaten that a balancing core is concatenated in the bias of the memory core matrix 10. Example settlement development is inserted, which is cycled by the drive core 14 via a conductor 22 with controlled current source is controlled in such a way that closed loop with two lines of memory voltage changes, which are concatenated by changes in the core matrix 10. In a similar way, the remanent state of a drive core in the previous drive core 16 is closed via the conductor 24 magnetization winding caused in the loop or ring conductor 24, the drive core 18 over must be compensated. the ring conductor 26 and the drive core 20 via the

While in corresponding known arrangement ring conductors 28 are concatenated, each with two lines, two lines, namely all of the memory cells of the memory core matrix 10.
cores common output line and the front 15 In the two-dimensional matrix 10 according to FIG. 1 magnetizing winding are required and further, a column current source 30 via the diodes Schaltvorrichenergieverbrauchende and expensive Wi obligations 32.4 and 32 B with the various columns resistors are necessary, sufficient, in the case vorliegen- the cores of the matrix 10 is connected. The current of the invention one line, namely the bias source 30 and the switching devices 32 ^ 4 and 325 sizing line, and diodes and 20 current can be omitted in each direction by selected special resistors. Drive the required columns of the memory cores in the matrix 10, interference signal compensation is achieved in the case of the row lines designed as ring line core matrix 12 in connection with the current from the propulsion according to the proposal through the ring line core matrix 12, which cause, selects, whose information is read out that interference signals induced in two lines and from 25 den.

In the matrix 10, the sets of memory signals cancel each other out. cores appropriately as "line sentences" and

In the following, the invention will be referred to in conjunction with "column sets". For example With the drawing on the basis of exemplary embodiments, the cores 34, 35, 36, 37 and 38 form a typical example explained. It shows 30 lines set of memory cores. In a similar way

. F i g. 1 is a circuit diagram of a coincidence current fashion, the cores 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 form one Memory with a typical memory core matrix, row set of memory cores. The cores 34, 40, in the case of two sentences, d. H. two rows of memory 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51 make up a column set Cores with each core of a drive core matrix represent memory cores are, and in which the read signals via the 35 cores 35, 41, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and 58 have a gap bias winding the driver cores separate from memory cores. The name of a line set is not limited to five cores,

2 shows a representation of a typical hysteresis but denotes any number "rc" of a K loop the memory cores and drive cores, nen. Furthermore, a column set is not based on eight cores

F i g. 3 is a series of signal timing diagrams that are limited to 40 but generally contain "m" typical signals at different points in the nuclei. The driver cores 14, 16, 18 and 20 of the matrix Show circuits. 12 are premagnetized from the power source 60,

According to FIG. 1 is a matrix 10 made of ferromagnetic, which is connected in such a way that the current I _B drives all drive cores see memory cores 34, 35 etc. in such a way with the help of the bias line 82,4 that the information is arranged in predetermined 45 Die Drive cores can be switched by coincidence of Zei memory cores depending on the coincidence of len and column currents. When two currents are read out in one of the cores. in Fig. 1, the combination shown is the matrix 12.One of the two coincidence currents is divided into rows and columns by one of drive cores, the ferromagnetic drive cores of the matrix 12 - for example, those are shown in the top row, the other of the currents is made up of a 50 drive cores 18 and 14 output from the current I _xt from current source 30. Each drive core 14, 16, interspersed with a line current source 62, the drive cores 18, 20 of the matrix 12 can be driven by a remanent 16 and 20 of a current I _{x 2} from a second state into the other state, line current source 64, the drive cores 18 and 20, which thus form current pulses to a selected memory column from which current I _{Y1 is delivered} from a column core of the matrix 10. A reading power source 66 and drive cores 14 and 16 of device, e.g. B. an amplifier 70, is connected to the front of the current / _{y 2} from a second column current source magnetization line of the drive core matrix 68 generate magnetomotive forces which are mainstreamed to counteract changes in flux in magnetomotive force sensed by the drive cores 12, including 60 changes to the current I _B from the bias source 60 generated by the back electromotive force. The power sources 62, 64, 66 and 68 generate power which is transmitted from one of the storage devices to a power source with a switching device cores of the matrix 10. tion can be combined so that the specific

The memory cores are selected by the coincidence currents, which interrogate the respective drive of two currents, one of which enforces one of 65 cores, the remanent state of which is given to the drive cores of the matrix 12 that is to be switched,
others from a column current source 20. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 becomes the

In the special embodiment, after amplifier 70, parallel to the bias source

7 8

60 placed on the bias line 82.4, if there were, the flux value would not or hardly change

with it determines the tension in the latter. The lei would change and there would be no tension on the

device 82.4 is used as a read line to induce drive ladders. With this tension

the flux changes in the drive cores can be determined - it is the so-called back EMF.

len. The output of amplifier 70 is applied to the first 5 driver cores of matrix 12 shown in FIG. 1

Input of an AND gate circuit 72 placed on are shown, are each on a pre-

whose second input an output clock source 74 voted saturated state biased as he

is applied. is shown at 206, for example. The coincidence

Because by changing the retentive state of the required number of selection streams

of a drive core, a voltage in the bias magnet within a drive core causes its loading

line 82 A is generated, it can be shifted to another drive point, for example in position 204

On the one hand, it may also be desirable to be in series with the feed, whereby the remanent state is

magnetization source 60 changes a compensation core and a current, for example in the line

69 to switch instead of the preamplifier 70, as in device 22 according to FIG. 1 flows which has a predetermined

71 is shown in phantom, chained directly to the bias 15 set of memory cores. When the

to lay the winding. The current source 67 (the coincidence currents acting on the drive core

is made in one piece with the other power sources, are switched, the core returns through the back

but is switched separately) a magneto-adjusting force of the premagnetization winding in

Apply motor force that returns to its original remanent state in terms of size and time,

Licher consequence in the core 69 of the magnetomotive 20 which generates a reset current in the loop, wel-

Force counteracts or it deletes, which of which rather concatenates the memory cores.

Part of the voltage in the bias winding The change in the remanent state of the ,. ,

development occurs, which does not occur without delay due to a change in the remanent driver cores. The an- "

th state of a drive core is generated. The applied magnetomotive force changes a lot

with the adjustment core 69 from the power source 25 becomes rapid, the rate of change of the flux

67 acted upon in such a way that the magnetomoto- depends, however, on the size of the applied magneto-

ric force synchronous with a motor force to be switched and of the proper time constant

Driving core and opposite to this changed the driving cores from. If the retentive state of a

will. Memory core changes during driver lcern

The current sources 62, 64, 66, 67 and 68 are so 30 assumes one of its saturated states, that they would be switched from a clock source 76 controlled the magnetomotive force which are fed back into the drive core, as indicated by the arrows A to the corresponding is changed only slightly, which is indicated to the parts, and the current source 30 flux change would be minimal, and that in one can be controlled from a clock source 78. With a typical embodiment biasing serving as the sense line, any clock line induced voltage would be negligible in a device having a plurality of swells. However, the remanent state of the output terminals with synchronized signals changes and the memory core can still be combined during the period of different times. The change in the drive core, that is, while the Magneti computer control circuits, which are referred to as "control logic 80" in the sizing condition of the drive core in the steep part of FIG. 1, are switched so that they 40 of the hysteresis loop, e.g. at 210 in FIG. holds, the current sources 62, 64, 66 and 68 control and that if a change in the magnetization then occurs the current source 30 and the switching devices direction in the interrogated memory core, 32,4 and 32 B will control in such a way that one of the one relative high voltage or counter-electromotive storage cores, the information of which is to be determined by the transformer effect. This control of the current 45 which is made by the driving core, in the sources and the switching devices is induced by the bias line 82,4 (Fig. 1). Arrows C indicated on the corresponding parts. The change in voltage or the voltage

The operation of the circuits according to FIG. 1 distortion is sensed via a gate and so one can best be used in conjunction with the typical output signal generated, indicating the presence of a Indicates hysteresis loop of cores according to FIG. 2 and the 50 "1" in the memory core to be queried. When in fig. 3 A and 3 E illustrated waveforms no counter electromotive force from the Speier explains core occurs when the bias

In Fig. 2, a "1" is gated in a line to store a "0" in the

certain memory core this memory core displayed in questioned memory core,

brought to a predetermined remanent state, 55 To enable the reading process from a coincidence current

such as B. indicated at 200. To get a "0" in a memory device when switching after the

To store memory core, the core will be further explained on its finding, it is assumed

Another remanent state, indicated by 202, that it is desired to determine whether a "1" or

held. To read a memory core, a "0", e.g. in the memory core53 according to FIG.

the magnetomotive force stored in the memory core 60. To make this determination, one must

abandoned by the coincidence of currents, a current from the drive core 16 via the loop 24

which lines flowing through it, coinciding with a current of suitable polarity

the core into a saturation area of the "O" memory from the power source 30 via the switching devices

tion, for example to position 204. If the core is ur- 32,4 and 32 B lead. The control logic 80

If a "1" was originally stored, the 65 would send a signal to the power source 30 and thus

move remanent state of the core, and to the switching means 32.4 and 32 B as well as

a voltage would be induced on the drive ladders. to the current sources 64 and 68. The clock source 76

If a "0" were originally stored in the core, the signal 300, which is shown in FIG. 3 A is shown

309 522/373

so that the current from the current sources 64 and 68 is conducted in coincidence via the drive core 16, see above that the working point of the core 16 is, for example, from the point 206 to the point 204 in FIG emotional.

Immediately thereafter, the clock sources 78 and 74 are excited. The memory core clock source 78 signal is indicated at 302 in FIG. 3B indicated, the signal of the output clock source 74 with 304 in Fig. 3E. According to FIG. 1, switching from one to the other remanent state of the drive core 16 causes a current pulse to be sent through the loop 24. The column clock 78 causes the current pulse 302 to be sent through the column which contains a memory core 53. This memory core 53 is thus queried. If the memory core 53 already assumes its "0" state, it does not change its remanent state, but merely moves back and forth, that is to say that there is only a slight temporary change in flux in the core. When the core 53 assumes its "!" State, it is switched from one to the other remanent state, this switching process causing a read signal to be generated in the loop 24. This change in current results in a change in flux in the propellant core 16, the A 82 acts as electromotive force induced in the bias winding. What actually happens can be described as a "change in a change." First of all, it must be taken into account that the direction of magnetization in the drive core is subjected to the change at this point in time, which is caused by the rising branch 210 of the curve according to FIG. 2 is shown. This is the normal change that is produced in any case when an interrogation pulse is induced in the closed loop 24.

If one now assumes that a storage core adopts the magnetization state which, viewed arbitrarily, represents a binary "one", then this special storage core is switched and a current pulse is transmitted back through the closed loop 24 practically immediately; this happens at a point in time at which the magnetization state of the drive core corresponds to a point on the rising branch 210 because, due to the time constant, the switching process of the memory core is relatively slow compared to the speed of the retransmission of the pulse. It appears that the retransmitted pulse induces an additional magnetic force in the drive core which either increases or decreases the rate at which the direction of magnetization changes along the rising branch 210 of the characteristic. For this reason, the actual process can be said to be a change in a change in the magnetic flux in the drive core. In either case, as explained below, the retransmitted pulse is retransmitted further down each conductor with the exception of the closed loop 24 which passes through the drive core; the latter occurs during the short duration of the retransmitted pulse. Thus, in a sense, the transformer action which results in the retransmitted pulse being induced in a read conductor is in coincidence with the change in magnetic flux direction and

ίο this superimposed, with the magnetic flow direction occurs in the rising branch 210 of the characteristic curve of the drive core; this finds everything in connection with the generation of the interrogation pulse. The clock signal 304 obtained from the output clock 74 is generated, opens in connection with the induced in the bias winding 82.4 Signal the gate 72, whereby a read signal at the output of the AND gate 72 is generated.

If one was stored "1" in the memory core 53, a signal appears similar to one of the two tension upsets 306 and 306.4, which are shown in Fig. 3, in the coil 82 A on. If the core 69 and power source 67 in the circuit are on and the conductor 71 is absent, the signal indicated as a solid line at 306 would be the signal indicating the presence of a "1" in core 53. When the circuit is shown in dashed line 71 and when both conductors passing through core 69 are omitted, the signal shown in dashed line at 306.4 is observed.

If core 69 and power source 67 are present in the circuit and conductor 71 is not connected to the circuit, and a "0" is stored in core 53, the absence of a significant signal indicates that a "0" is indeed stored in core 53 was. There is also a small signal due to a pendulum flux, as at 308 in FIG. 3 D shown. If the circuit is designed as indicated by dashed lines 71, and the components 67 and 69 and the associated power connection are missing, the signal shown at 308 A is obtained.

If in connection with FIG. 1 desired

is to query the core 54 instead of the core 53, the current direction from the current source 30 and * through the switching device 32,4 and 32 B through the gaps of the cores 53 and 54 is exchanged, but the current direction through the closed conductor loop 24 is not reversed .

To reset the memory cores in the usual way, is a reset current through the switching devices 32,4 and 325 depending on the state of the flip-flop 73 (see FIG. F i g. 1) led to either the resetting magnetomotive Assist or inhibit force generated during the reset period of the drive cores.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (3)

1 2 row or column of the magnetic claims to be selected: core excited, and in which an output conductor located outside the matrix is assigned on the 1. Magnetic core memory matrix with in rows and one when querying a selected core Magnetic cores arranged in columns, with row conductors corresponding to 5 information stored in this and column conductors, with a column selection of the output signal (read signal) appears and the device and a column current source, is led to a sense amplifier. a line selection device in the form of a drive Kernmafrix with one through all drive cores cores usually spatially in a two or guided bias winding and arranged with io three-dimensional matrix. Be there Current associated with the rows and columns - the cores typically in one or the other sources in which the row and column control are set by two remanent flow states, impulses with regard to their temporal starting point the two states of a binary number system are offset in such a way that initially the line displays. To extract information from a core control pulse, then the column control pulse read the 15, the core is, for example, in the remanent Line or column of the magnetic state to be selected driven, which represents a "0", nucleus excited, and the one outside the matrix In known methods takes a read line, located output conductor is assigned to which the memory core penetrates, an "ihdzuzierter the signal when a selected core is queried when the core originally carried out the repair held a 20 nent state corresponding to a "1" from an information stored in this, corresponding output signal (read signal) It does not record a signal when the core was originally seems and which led to a sense amplifier lent the remanent state representing the "0" is characterized in that the has accepted. If the core is thus in its' The bias winding (82 A) is driven into the "O" state at the same time, shows its presence Output conductor is that the input of the front 25 or lack of a signal on the read line magnetization winding (82A) to the reading value of the information, ie the binary state, the stronger (70) is connected, and that the propellant had been stored in this particular core. cores (14, 16, 18, 20) of the driver core matrix (12) While the information is being read from the memory is read with two adjacent lines at a time, it is essentially deleted. The information ■ * the memory matrix (10) by means of a ring 30 tion is therefore usually in a temporary . line (22, 24, 26, 28) are connected and the outgoing memory, z. B. stored in a flip-flop Column current source (30) optionally positive or chert and is reintroduced into the core memory, negative impulses can be extracted. To a core memory matrix with coincidence current 2. Coincidence current memory according to claim 1, to operate, the coordinates of the core are characterized in that the pre-magnetization winding 35 usually as "rows", "columns" and "levels" with an AND gate (72) (or x , y, z) in a three-dimensional matrix and connected with its second input to as "row" and "column" (or x, y) in a two-clock generator (74), which denotes the dimensional matrix. Of course, there is a clock signal at the point in time at which the read signal is also expected to be able to be switched on in other ways to divide the cores. 40 or to arrange. For example, a three- 3. Coincidence current memory according to claim 1 dimensional matrix can be viewed as a plurality of parts or 2, characterized by a balancing core of a two-dimensional matrix (69), which is arranged in the bias winding and so that they are in this way (82 A) inserted. and which is addressed by a clock. In another design, the controlled current source (67) can be controlled 45 a two-dimensional matrix into a plurality of such that voltage changes, which are broken down by changing two-dimensional matrices, and changes in the remanent state of a drive, although they are spatially roughly the same Plane cores (14, 16, 18, 20) are arranged in the bias - the cores can be caused to be connected to the winding (82A) as if different parts of such two of these are being compensated. 50 dimensional matrix would be stacked into a third dimension. When a two-dimensional matrix is mentioned below, it means that two coincident magnetomotive forces controlled Amplitude a certain nucleus to change 55 of its retentive state are given up must, with the additional requirement, The invention relates to a magnetic core - that the presence of only one of these magneto- memory matrix with motor forces arranged in rows and columns the remanent state of this ten magnetic cores, with row conductors and column core does not change. If a three-dimensional conductors, is described with a column selector and a 60 matrix, this means that a Column power source, with a row selector, tuned core, three coincident magnetomotive must have in the form of a drive core matrix with a force controlled amplitude to the to change all drive cores guided Vormagnetisienings- remanent state of the core, and winding and associated with the rows and columns that the presence of only two of these magneto- power sources in which the row and column motor forces of controlled amplitude control impulses do not change the state of the core with regard to their temporal use, point are offset in such a way that initially the lines can be four, five, six or drive pulse, then the column drive pulse the more coincident currents will be required to