DE1507223A1 - Harvester, especially forage harvester - Google Patents

Description

description
to the patent application

Jens Axel Freudendahl

t Sjfoiderborg,

Denmark,

concerning
Harvesting machine, especially forage harvester.

ooo M

The invention relates to a harvesting machine, in particular a forage harvester, with a rotating drum Number of knives pivotably mounted about axes parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, which have a strip shape and their wide side faces forward in the direction of movement.

In known harvesting machines of this type, the knives are mounted on axes of circular cross-section or in Hanging knee joints so that turning can easily take place if the knife is against a resistance, e.g. a Pushing stone.

However, it has been shown in practice that the ease with which it can be rotated has a disadvantage, namely that, even during normal work, the knives will be in positions that deviate from radial planes through the axis of the drum, which is partly due to inertia and partly to the Resistance is due to the processed material (hhtfil ·) and which can vary with the type of material. Since the outer edge of the knives should be as far as possible at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation, because this distance firstly determines the cutting height and secondly has an influence on whether the effect of the rotating knives as throwing elements and possibly fan blades is satisfactory.

909849/0271

becomes gend. The position of the knife edge in relation to the crop is also important.

In order to remedy this disadvantage, the knives have hitherto been designed with a kink so that the cutting edge is the right one Direction, and furthermore one was compelled the mentioned constant swiveling out of the knives can be expected, but this varies depending on the type of crop, you have to choose a compromise, i.e. a knife length that is unsatisfactory in many cases.

The present invention is based on the idea that the aforementioned disadvantage can be avoided if a resistor is built into the swivel mechanism of the knife, so that swiveling is more difficult and only with great resistance, like stones, takes place, but a prerequisite for the application of such a measure is that it does not entail any complication of the machine, because the same, and in particular its cutting tools, are simple and must be robust.

The harvesting machine according to the invention is thereby. characterized in that the pivot axis of each knife is mounted in some bearings protruding from the periphery of the drum is and has a mainly rectangular cross-section, and that the corresponding knife is a so-formed Eye has the same thing if the knife is only influenced by centrifugal force, with a face on one of the two broad surfaces of the axis and that the knife with one of the end edges of the axis as a swivel axis by approx. Can pivot 90 ° backwards, calculated in the direction of movement of the drum.

By using a bearing axis of elongated, mainly rectangular cross-section is created in a simple manner the possibility of a resistance against

909849/0271

Turning into the mechanism, as one either has a lever arm effect, a frictional resistance or both together can take advantage of.

In an expedient embodiment of a machine according to the invention, each knife axis can be attached in this way be that their broad faces are mainly perpendicular to a plane passing through the center of the face and the drum axis stand, and that the knife is designed to have a surface on the wide surface facing the drum Axis to lie by placing it radially from the side edge lying to the rear in the direction of movement of the drum the axis extends from.

With this embodiment, a torque based on resistance is first used, since the Centrifugal force will have a direction at a distance from the axis of rotation corresponding to the length of the axis of rotation Knife lies, which results in a significant torque that counteracts a pivoting of the knife and that is overcome before the knife can be rotated. With a special training of the knife's eye can this resistance can even be combined with a frictional resistance, so that the end edges of the axle when the Knife rubs against the inner surfaces of the eye.

This is achieved if the knife according to the invention has a mainly triangular eye, one of which is in the direction of movement the drum facing forward has such a shape that the wide area facing away from the drum Axis will hit it after a certain pivoting of the knife, after which the front side edge with continued rotation the axis moves along that surface of the eye which abutted the flat side of the axis.

In the following some embodiments of a harvesting machine according to the invention are described with reference to the drawing.

909849/0271 ^ _1MÄI

BAD ORiGiNAL

ben. It shows

Fig. 1 a storage for a knife and a knife, front view,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the same,

Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 1 in a modified embodiment and

Fig. 4 is a side view of the same as in Fig. 3.

The knives for a forage harvester, not shown, are attached to a knife axis 1 with some clamping pieces 2, which bearings form for the knife. Through these clamping pieces an axis 3 is guided, which is mainly one has a rectangular cross-section, in that its two broad sides are parallel and at the ends by arcuate surfaces are connected to each other. The axis 3 is held in place with the aid of actuators 4.

On the axis 3, a knife 5 is mounted, which has an eye 6 of mainly triangular cross-section and a flat one Part 7 has, in the working position of the knife on the surface facing the axis of rotation of the knife drum the axis 3 is at rest.

During work, the knife moves in the direction of arrow Y, and if it also encounters a resistance, eg a stone, it will pivot in the opposite direction around the front edge 8 of the axis 3 * üf the position j? RfC shown by dashed lines .

The knife is influenced by a centrifugal force that will act in a part 9 of the knife with a force P that, As can be seen from Fig. 2, a torque with the lever a, which will counteract the mentioned pivoting of the knife, will result.

^909849/0271 BADOR, G, NAL

It can also be seen from FIG. 2 that, because of the design of the eye 6, after the knife has been pivoted out for the first time a displacement of the edge 3 will take place along the inner surface of the part 7, so that the position of the axis of rotation is changed in relation to the knife and there is considerable frictional resistance. However, this becomes rare have a practical meaning because seldom such large swings will occur in normal work, and with of the type according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is therefore mainly a resistance to pivoting caused by a torque of the knife.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the axis of rotation is 10 of the knife 11 placed so that its long sides are mainly radiafc in relation to the axis of rotation of the Knife drum are placed, and the eye 12 of the knife is formed into a mainly triangular shape, so that when swiveling the knife backwards, which is shown by two short and long dashed lines Positions is illustrated, a frictional resistance will arise relatively immediately because the side edge 13 The axis 10, which forms an axis of rotation for the knife, quickly attaches itself to the inner surface of a part 14 of the eye 12 along.shift. Furthermore, the lower edge of the left long surface of the axle 10 rub against the rearward surface 15 of the knife, increasing the frictional resistance x further increased.

Claims (3)

Claims 1. Harvesting machine, in particular forage harvester, with a rotating drum that is a number around parallel to the axis of rotation the drum arranged axes pivotably mounted 9098 49/0271 .Knives, which are strip-shaped and whose broad side faces forward in the direction of movement, as ₇ is characterized in that the pivot axis of each knife is mounted in some bearings * protruding from the circumference of the drum and has a mainly rectangular cross-section, and that the appropriate CA * / J7 knife has a so designed outer face that, if the knife is only influenced by centrifugal force, it rests with one surface on one of the two broad surfaces of the axle, UT'W and that the knife with one of the end edges of the axis as The pivot axis can pivot backwards by approx. 90 °, calculated in the direction of movement of the drum. 2. Harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η that each knife axis is mounted so that its broad faces are mainly perpendicular to a Level through the center of the surface and the drum axis stand, and that the knife-üafür is designed with a surface to lie against the broad surface of the axis facing the drum, moving it radially from that in the direction of movement the drum to the rear side edge ^ he axis extends from. 3. Harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the knife • 'has a mainly triangular eye', of which the side lying forward in the direction of movement of the drum has such a shape that the wide area facing away from the drum Axis will hit it after a certain pivoting of the knife, after which _{ with continued pivoting the front side edge of the axis moves along that surface of the eye which abutted the other flat side of the axis. 4 · Harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each knife axis is attached in such a way is that their broad areas are mainly radiafc to the 909849/0271 mel stand, and that the knife is designed to work with to lie against a surface on the broad front surface of the axle, calculated in the direction of movement of the drum, extending outward as a continuation of this face and having an eye of mainly triangular cross-section Has. 91 9 9 4 9 / U 2 7;