DE1177614B - Closed cylindrical rotary pressure filter - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school Class: B Ol d

German class: 12 d - 15/02

Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

I10649VIIb / 12d
September 12, 1955
September 10, 1964

The invention relates to a closed cylindrical rotary pressure filter in which in Filtration, cake washing, dehumidification and discharge in a separate housing Chambers carried out and the filtrate from the individual filter cells is discharged centrally.

The object of the invention is to adapt the filtration performance of the known filters of this type to To increase turbidity of various kinds, whereby in addition to the known treatment phases, such as filtration, Washing, drying and discharge, new organs and in some cases also new treatment phases in the case of the casing and the filter drum formed annulus are provided.

Rotary pressure filters often require different treatment phases within the individual treatment phases Pressures prevail. In order to maintain these various pressures in the chambers, one known rotary filter plugs and separating strips arranged through which the space between the rotary filter and the housing is divided into chambers, and which must be designed so that the individual Treatment chambers are sealed against each other. These plugs are cumbersome and expensive as well must be designed in such a way that their sealing effect does not decrease.

In addition, the plugs can only reach the outermost edges of the separating strips that are between the treatment chambers are located. For reasons of wear and tear and proper During operation, a small gap must remain between the separating strips and the plug part of the sludge can enter the adjacent chamber spaces. This filter enables to wash the filter cake in separate chambers, to dry it and to apply it with compressed air.

The known filter has the disadvantage that the filter material is above the filter cells, ie above the separating strips. The filter cake that forms is, however, also in individual pieces of cake divided and therefore does not form a closed and coherent layer. Thereby exists does not allow the filter cake to be treated mechanically, and the cake will mostly be uneven. Furthermore, the removal of the cake pieces from the filter cells is made more difficult because of the separating strip.

The invention avoids these disadvantages. To solve the problem is according to the invention leave such a large annular space between the filter surface and the inner wall of the housing, that in this apart from the well-known hand-closed cylindrical rotary pressure filter

Applicant:

Hans Jung, Siegen, Rosterstr. 71
Deutsche Filterbau G. mb H.,
Siegen, Hohler Weg 75

Named as inventor:
Hans Jung, Siegen

treatment chambers after the filtration chamber a chamber provided with a drain with a milling cutter for the Filter cake, after the washing chamber a chamber with devices for processing the filter cake surface and a chamber for cleaning the filter bodies is provided after cake removal is, wherein a pressure line is connected to each of the treatment chambers and the filtrate lines can be connected to compressed air for cleaning.

The milling cutter behind the filtration chamber is attached in such a way that each filter cell can be exited of the turbid level with the accumulated residue is moved past her. Through the milling machine the resulting residue smoothed while it is still surrounded by the turbidity. This achieves that the residue surface is as uniform as possible for the subsequent treatments.

According to the invention are semicircular in the dehumidifying room for further smoothing the cake surface elastic organs arranged. These organs serve as both a seal and a boundary opposite the washing chamber. The smoothing of the filter surface was previously done by smearing achieved. Finally, after the filter cake has been dropped and transported away, there is a special treatment chamber arranged according to the invention, in which a continuously repetitive cleaning the filter body is feasible. This cleaning of the filter surface and the filter pores is one of the most important prerequisites for a good working of the filter system. With every revolution of the filter drum each filter body in the rhythm of the drum rotation after the residue is discharged by a completely automatic one Treatment cleaned.

A particularly important feature of the device according to the invention is that in the ge

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pressure equilibrium prevails throughout the treatment rooms between the housing and the rotary filter. To this end the individual treatment chambers are connected to a compressed air feed line, which at the same time acts as a compensating line. Flows into the individual treatment chambers continuously or periodically (e.g. when throwing off residue) compressed air after or off. This compressed air penetrates the residue cake, washes around all solid particles and drives the moisture in the pores of the residue in front of it towards the filter cells. The removal of moisture from the flowing warm or cold Compressed air also has a dehumidifying effect on the filter cake. As for each product to be filtered, the operating procedures such as filtration, leaching, dehumidification, etc. are different depending on the chemical Composition of the product, one can use the artificial pressure atmosphere created according to the invention can be set in all treatment chambers, including the properties in each individual phase customize each product.

It is also possible to use the filtrate lines, which are connected to the individual filter cells with compressed air so that in each individual filter cell during cleaning, a counterpressure to the pressure atmosphere in the annulus prevails.

Is z. B. the general pressure atmosphere in the annulus 6 atü and the first cell has a counter pressure of 5 atü, then there is a pressure difference of 1 at in this cell, so that the residue can carefully build up on the pores. If the second cell has 4 atm counterpressure, then there is a filter cake this cell has a pressure difference of 2 at. The third cell has a pressure difference of 3 at 3 at back pressure; from the fourth cell onwards the back pressure is zero. With this setting option, the is given by the pressure in the annulus and the adjustable back pressure for individual filter cells, the pressure for individual treatment chambers can therefore be largely adapted to the product to be filtered will.

By means of these pressure ratios which can be set according to the invention, it is also possible to use the pressure ratios that are difficult to produce To do without sealing organs between the individual filter cells. The Resilient organs to be described later, which are used for smoothing and treating the filter cake serve and are sufficient as a seal because of the constant pressure equalization.

According to a further feature of the invention, the filter material can be inside the filter cells are located, or the cylindrical filter drum is covered in a known manner with body wire fabric. This ensures that the filter cake appears as a closed ring on the surface of the filter cells. This closed filter cake is and is treated by the organs completely free of cracks and evenly, especially because of the known formation of the cake within of the filter cell, these individual sections become uneven.

In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention is shown, from which further details the invention can be found.

F i g. Figure 1 shows a cross section through the rotary pressure filter, close to the switch head side;

F i g. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the rotary pressure filter;

F i g. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a single filter cell on an enlarged scale;
Fi g. 4 shows in section the sealing of the filtrate against the control head.

In the figures, the cylindrical rotary pressure filter is surrounded by a housing 30. The rotary filter is in the radial direction in individual filter cells

ίο divided, denoted by the reference numerals 1 to 18 are.

A group of filter cells is combined to form individual operating chambers, so that that is, a number of cells each belong to an operating chamber. Between the filter cells 1 to 18, on the surface of which the residue cake 23 builds up, and the housing wall 30 is located large annulus in which the individual organs for the treatment chambers are arranged.

ao In order to set the pressure space H of the filter according to the invention, which is to prevail in the entire treatment chambers, a pressure line 28 is provided which extends over the housing wall 30 in such a way that branch lines to the individual treatment chambers can be attached to this line. The attachment of two arrows pointing towards each other (e.g. in the supply lines 28 and the pipe 32 to be explained later and the filter line 25 to the filter cell 17) is intended to make it clear that, firstly, there is an even pressure in all treatment chambers and, secondly, that there is pressure equalization in the whole system can be done. Compressed air or another inert compressed gas can be used as the pressure medium. The slurry enters the filtration space F through a line 19 α . A valve 19 is switched on in the line 19a in order to be able to adjust the inflow of the pulp in a controlled manner.

The filtration space F is semicircular and extends from the filter cell 1 up to and including the filter cell 7. At this cell, an excess of the turbid flow, which can be adjusted by a valve 21, is continuously discharged through the overflow pipes 20. The removed sludge can be recycled back to a sludge container. In the filtration space F , in the middle of the space F, an ultrasonic generator U operated electromagnetically or by compressed air is arranged, which acts against the slurry 22 and the filter cake 23. Partition walls 60, which enclose a sonication chamber 61, are arranged in the filtration space F on both sides of the ultrasound device. This supports the pressure filtration in room F with ultrasound. Dtr ultrasound, which is used at a suitable frequency, causes degassing in the pulp. With pressure filtration, the ultrasound slows down the gas absorption in the pulp.

At the same time, the ultrasound, in adaptation to the structure of the solid particles, causes the formation of a residue cake that is not too solid on the pore surface of the filter material. Overall, the arrangement of the ultrasonic device U increases the filtrate flow through the pores of the residue and thus a higher filter performance, which is particularly effective when the solid particles have a fine structure.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the filter material is located inside

the partition walls of the individual filter cells. The filter material can for example be a ceramic material. Each filter body is provided with porous channels 24. The filtrate which separates out penetrates through the pores of the residue and the pores of the filter body K and then flows into the porous channels 24, which are connected to the radially arranged channels 25, from where the filtrate passes through channels 26, which are located in the shaft 27 of the sound room W, where the residue is washed out with water or another liquid. The entire washroom W is also connected to the operating pressure H. When washing out the residue, it is important that the entire surface of the solid particles is completely and continuously covered by a delimited liquid surface. This washout takes place in the filter according to the invention under pressure and with

tungskopfes are, is discharged, in order to then go to the io little, salt-free water. This prevents Further processing after the filtrate container leads to large excess amounts of wash-out liquid stream. with salt and solid residue from the

The filtration and all other operational handling turbidity accumulate in a harmful way. In the device lungs are connected to the compressed air feed line 28, as according to the invention, the always salt-free preparation is mentioned, which is also at the same time 15 washing liquid constantly through the pores of the back a compensation line, so that out everywhere in the total state, flows around the solid particles and is th filter pressure equality prevails, even if in completely used up. To increase the effect of the individual treatment chambers compressed air is constantly reasonable or in Auswaschraum W an ultrasound device periodically off or flows in. It is also proposed that in a sonication chamber 63, in addition to the pressure filter, there is also arranged that is formed by the partition walls 62, individual or several belonging to the filter operation.

Resources and containers to the artificial pressure As a seal is according to the invention between

atmosphere are connected, so that these be the washing chamber and the filtration room holder belong to the closed circuit. radially resilient member 31a is provided, which is

In addition, as already mentioned before, in a semicircular part on the filter cake of each filter cell, any material can be placed from behind and lightly touched. Set in the washout drive pressure and thus the set pressure H prevails in each treatment room W. This chamber any adjustable, suitable operating pressure will readily be obtained from the smooth, resilient pressure. semicircular sealing members 31a up-

The filter Z rotates slowly so that no washing liquid gets into the which can be changed at will. In doing so, adjacent work spaces can penetrate. The one at the

Front wall of the housing 30 attached pneumatically or hydraulically enlarging surface seal 46 (F i g. 2) has an additional sliding surface 47, the desired strength achieved, which in practice 35 the z. B. made of graphite-asbestos lead threads felt-like is advantageously about 40 mm so that it can be pressed together well and covered with rubber

can. As a result, the resilient member 31a also automatically adapts itself in terms of its sealing effect an arbitrary from the originally set distance from each other, in the embodiment 40 residue thickness deviating strength of the back about at the filter cell 2 and the filter cell 5, standing cake.

Residue strength meter M of known type built in, the washout liquid is circulated

the z. B. from thermoelectric sensors exist lation pump in a level-maintaining cylinder N can. These residue thickness meters are used for the introduction, which is connected through a line 32 with the control of the filter speed and the operating pressure H set. The washing pressure. When the residue grows on the liquid, it enters the cylinder N at 33 and maintains the surfaces of the filter cells. The speed of rotation of the filter cylinder is influenced, the overflow runs back through a pipe 35 in such a way that at a certain size of the measuring container for the washing liquid feed container. A value over the circuit head 5 of the filtrate pressure 50 screen surface 45 is automatically changed for the residue cake is divided by a flow that is harmful to the scarf, through the washing liquid entering the washing head 5 from automatically adjustable counter pressure, space W. In which the filtrate speed in the filtration chamber F designed according to the invention drops. the washing liquid penetrates as a result of the general

At the end of the filtration chamber F, so at the 55 pressure H and as a result of the possibly additional guide example at the level of the filter cell 7, in the arranged ultrasound in the pores of the loosened annular space between the filter cylinder Z and the housing 30 th residue, pushes the arranged in the residue in milling cutter 29, so that each filter cell sensitive clear and concentrated salt solution in front of this milling cutter shortly before leaving the turbid level and washes around each solid particle until the dilution of the salt solution desired with the accumulated residue cake 23 60 stripes out. This will smooth out the residue. The emerging wash filtrate is reached. The wash filtrate already mentioned overflow openings 20 are constantly entering the porous cells, which are located in the washing area close to the residue cutter 29, flows through the horizontally

The filtration space F is followed by the porous channels 24 and the radially on the circuit milling machine 29 by the washing space W , the tubes 25 arranged in the front wall of the drawing and then the cells 8, 9, 10 and 11 through this exemplary embodiment the drainage channels 26 via the switch head F includes. After pressure filtration has taken place, it moves outwards in a suitably regulated and controlled manner. With each filter cell in succession in the washing system, one is able to wetting

the residue cake 23 begins to slowly build up on the filter cell 1. The filter cake grows until it is at the level of filter cells 6 and 7

washing and treatment of the residue guaranteed is.

In the filtration chamber 7 are in two places in

and moistening of filter residues successfully pores. With the known rotary filters, it is not customary to run a special chamber for cleaning in a delimited wash-out space W. the pores through which the cleaning is

The dehumidification system closes automatically on the washroom W with each pass. If, however, space E reaches from the filter cell 12 to 5 a high filter performance is to be achieved, then it is finally cell 14. The achievable humidity - absolutely important, an aging or a degree of incrustation always depends on the structure of the solidification of the solid particles with the rough pore walls. With the rotary filter according to the invention and by placing it on the surface, a very high degree of dehumidification can be avoided.

the. In the dehumidification room, as in io, the room R is delimited on both sides up to the adjustable rotating surface of the cylinder Z , pressure H. The compressed air can be in cold or through an adjustable block T and warm on the residue cake an adjustable block G. The block T can, for. B. act. In addition, in the dehumidification room from a union of wire mesh with a resilient organs 31 b are arranged, through which the 15 plastic consist of low flexibility, where he residue cake can be treated smoothed. Be insensitive to heat and chemicals Finally, an ultra-must also in the dehumidifying room. The block T stretches slightly up to the sound device, so that in addition the filter cylinder surface. In the cleaning room R residue cake is provided with a sound of suitable frequency, a brush on a rotating shaft, which can be treated. In the drawn off 20 formed of a suitable metallic or guide for the last resilient member is composed 31b organic plastic material. This brush shaft 37, which rotates through this device with ultrasonic vibrations, lightly touches the top of the filter. The first resilient member 316, which is flat in order to carry out a cleaning of the pores in this way, ie at the boundary between the washing chamber and the discharge. A complete ripening chamber can also be located, which acts at the same time as an inclination to be carried out by placing a shaft sealing element between these two chambers. ™ Room R is arranged, which is provided with wings by means of the mechanical treatment and rotates quickly. As a result, the liquid-resilient elements 31 b are prevented from being set into eddies and the residue cakes contained therein from being cracked. The solid particles flowing through cause sharp friction with the warm compressed air, absorbs moisture and has an effect on reaching the filter surface without additionally dehumidifying the top of the filter. The mechanical surface itself is mechanically grazed. When cleaning bodies 31b in dehumidification, as well as supply medium to the organ 31a, in such a case often in the washroom smooth the return sludge in their own application come. In this standing cake. Case can then the second delimitation wall G, the

In the dehumidification room E , 35 between the filtration chamber F and the cleaning chamber R that has been worked with steam or other gases can also be omitted. It can also be one that actively acts on the residue cake. sondere suitable cleaning liquid supplied to the elastic members 31b and 31a have smooth be, for a particular pump circuit conformal sealing must then be provided soft rubbery.

Surfaces that are placed on the residue cake 4 ° In the cleaning room R , the same pressure prevails. The suspension of these organs is from the outside as in all other treatment chambers. Each on adjustable. Cleaning room R filter cell rotating past 1

The dehumidification chambers E are followed by up to 18 with pulsating blasts of compressed air through the discharge and removal chamber A , which feeds the pores of the filter surfaces through. In over the width of the filter chamber 15 extends. The pressure in this treatment chamber is taken away from the pressure in 45 certain interspaces. It then flows cleaning liquid as a line 25 behind the filter cell acting counter-filtrate through the pores of the filter cell in question, pressure higher than the general pressure H, as through this filtrate is then from the following press the directional arrow in the back of the filter cell 15 air blast back into the Pressed back space R is indicated filtrate line 25 is indicated. 50 but then mixed with compressed air. As a result of this strong pressure from the back, the acceleration due to the compressed air is lifted this back-residue cake and falls into the middle of the pressed liquid of the screw conveyor 36 an opening still adhering solid particles. Arranged through this wiper 48. In the case of residue cakes with the method, reliable, pore-open adhesion properties can be achieved by cleaning with compressed air. Even in the cleaning or the gas to support steam in a small space R, a quantity will be added between the walls T and G , thereby forming a lighter sonicating chamber in which an ultrasound of the residue cake takes place. After a device is arranged. Through the permanent or periodic embodiment of the invention, the odically acting vibrations of this device screw 36 into a trough-shaped bulge that loosens the solid particles. The cleaning of the separating organ T is embedded, which means that the discharge chamber of the pores takes place periodically with the drum rotating from the next cleaning chamber R and automatically by the swirling of the separates. Washing liquid, by mechanical brushing,

The discharge chamber A is followed by the cleaning chamber R with pulsating flow through the pores, which extends over the filter cells 16 compressed air and liquid and finally up to 18 as well. In this cleaning chamber R er by treatment with ultrasound in a suitable manner, a constant automatic cleaning of the filter frequency follows.

A particularly favorable filter material for the filter cells is ceramic or other material made of synthetic material or plastics with porosity. For special purposes, the porosity of this material can be selected to be greater, so that the filter body then only act as a support surface. In this case, the build-up of the residue on the pores will then take place over a wire mesh. With regard to the cell effect in rooms A and R , the wire mesh must be wrapped in a spiral with wire in order to be able to absorb all loads from the inside to the outside. A particularly long service life for the ceramic material is achieved if it is possible to use porous metal in a chemically indifferent alloy or metal in lamellar form with rough surfaces.

It is also possible to filter germ-free with the filter according to the invention. In this case it will entire filter in a known manner with z. B. kieselguhr pulp filled and this pulp for a short time on the Filter surfaces pressed on. Due to the residue cake of about 20 to 30 mm Starch filters a subsequent slurry aseptically.

With a larger cylinder diameter Z, the treatments of the residue can be increased. At the same time, with each rotation time of the cylinder Z, each treatment time for each cell 1 to 18 can take place in a changed time and a changed pressure. In this way, the filter can be adjusted appropriately for each solid particle structure. If it is desired to wash out some products according to the known enrichment system, a second wash -out space W can be arranged on the circumference of the cylinder Z. In the case of a sludge with very few solid particles or one in which the residue is worthless so that it is not or only slightly washed out, the wash room W up to and including cell 11 can still be used as a pressure filter room F and can be switched from head D. In this case, the dehumidification space E at cell 12 is divided off as a short wash-out space. The filter according to the invention can therefore be adapted to any turbidity composition.

If z. B. is a slurry that contains only traces of solid particles per liter and in which the formation of residues is insignificant and worthless, the pressure filter according to the invention is shut down, and the entire filter cylinder surface with the individual treatment chambers is used for periodic filtration, eg. B. 6 to 12 hours used. All treatments of the residue and in particular the cleaning of the pores in space R can then be carried out automatically in a quick work phase. You can set the filtration to one revolution of the cylinder, and the cleaning of the pores in space R with the turbidity containing small solid particles is carried out continuously. The viscous sludge that forms in space A over a long period of time can be discharged continuously or periodically or with a correspondingly strong throttling. In this case, the pressure filter in space A acts as a pressure thickener.

For the description of the drive with the switching process, F i g. 2 provided. The filter cylinder Z has a shaft 27 on both front sides, this is continuous to the outside on one or both front sides and carries a three-part circuit head S, P and D on one side at the end. The shaft 27 carries a drive wheel 39, which of several switchable worm gears with reduction is driven. The pressure filter requires an adjustable rotation time, e.g. B. one revolution in 12 minutes or for another pulp one revolution in 12 hours. This condition is met by a motor known per se, e.g. B. rotary piston engine with resiliently sealing pressure plates or two working in offset phase pressure cylinders with piston and ratchet gear (not shown). The motor 40 or the cylinders are fed by compressed air, steam, gas or by water, oil or another liquid. The circuit head consists of three main parts, namely, a part S, which as the end of the shaft 27 is directly connected to the pressure filter. A part which periodically moves quickly, in such a way that it is pressed against one another a line width, rotates with the cylinder Z and takes over all work medium supply and discharge, but then, triggered by a contact of the worm wheel 39, runs back quickly on same starting point stands still and the next cell is supplied with resources, and this cell accompanies a cell width. This game repeats itself over and over again. The speed of a period determines the rotation of the cylinder Z, and this can be controlled automatically via relays from the residue strength meter M. The third circuit head part D does not move - it is stationary and serves to connect all supply and discharge equipment. At. All registration, control and signaling devices are connected to this head part. The connection of the head part D to the head part P is maintained by reinforced pressure hoses 42 with the freedom of movement corresponding to the width for a cell 1 to 18. The drive enables a large number of treatment processes to be carried out in the pressure filter with a switching head for a short path with a fast switching time for each cell 1 to 18.

The operating medium sealing of the channels 26 with the head P rotating periodically back and forth is effected by pneumatically or hydraulically operated cuffs or hoses which are placed around each channel 26. Each sealing organ has an applied surface on the advancing surface, e.g. B. graphite plastic 47. To support the sliding surfaces 5 strong rings 41 made of hard graphite plastic or the like are embedded in the head part. In addition, this entire zone can still be kept under graphite-grease pressure lubrication.

With all troubles, which z. B. benzene, toluene, xylene or other high molecular weight hydrocarbons contain, and thus rubber or the known plastics for swelling or for dissolution or when operating at high temperature, a movable or stationary seal can be used can be achieved in the following way: In a deep channel 52 (FIG. 4) there are a number on all sides closed, but interconnected spring tubes 53. These are periodic fed with a pressure medium. The z. B. wedge-shaped ring 55 presses on the smear on the walls

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flexible molding made of graphite-asbestos-silicone-lead threads 54, and this against the hard, smooth carbon-synthetic slip ring 47.

Claims (19)

Patent claims: 1. Closed cylindrical rotary pressure filter, in which the filtration, cake washing, dehumidification and discharge are carried out in separate chambers in a housing and the filtrate is removed centrally from the individual filter cells, characterized in that between the filter surface (K) and the inner wall of the housing (30) such a large annular space is left that in this apart from the known treatment chambers after the filtration chamber a chamber provided with a drain (20) with a milling cutter (29) for the filter cake (23), after the washing chamber (W) one Chamber (E) with devices (31) for processing the filter cake surface and after cake removal (A) a chamber (R) is provided for cleaning the filter body, a pressure line (28) and the filtrate lines being connected to each of the treatment chambers (25) can be connected to compressed air for cleaning. 2. A method of operating the filter according to claim 1, wherein the pulp and the washing liquid is supplied under pressure, the dehumidification is carried out under gas pressure and the filter cake is lifted from the filter surface by a gas surge, characterized in that that in the entire treatment chambers a uniform overpressure and in each filtrate compartment any pressure can be set against the operating pressure and that the Filter cake brought to a desired strength after exiting the filtration zone, im Following the washing zone in the dehumidifying zone, the surface of the filter cake is smoothed and after removing the filter cake, each filter body in a cleaning chamber is cleaned. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that in the cleaning room (R) is worked periodically with pulsating compressed air flows, such that during the pressureless period cleaning liquid flows as a filtrate through the filter pores, which is mixed with compressed air by the following blast of compressed air Cleaning chamber (R) is pushed back. 4. Filter according to claim 1 and for performing the method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the filter material is located within the individual filter cells and the filter cake (23) is a continuous layer above the filter cells forms. 5. Filter according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the filter body with axially parallel extending bores (24) provided and this connected to filtrate lines (25) is. 6. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the filtration chamber (F) by means of a partition (60) a sonication chamber (61) is formed, which is under compressed air and into which an ultrasonic device (U) protrudes. 7. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that two in the filtration chamber Residue strength meter (M) are arranged at a distance from each other, the measured values for Control of the filter speed and the operating pressure are used. 8. Filter according to one of claims 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that a radially resilient member (31 ä) resting with a semicircle on the filter cake is provided as a seal between the milling and washing chamber. 9. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 8, characterized in that the resilient Organ (31a) with one arranged on the end wall of the housing (30), its size is pneumatic or hydraulically variable surface seal (46) cooperates, which has an additional Has sliding surface (47). 10. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 6, characterized in that a sonication chamber (63) is formed in the washing chamber by partition walls (62), which is under compressed air and into which an ultrasonic device (U) protrudes. 11. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 7, characterized in that between the Washing liquid supply and the filter cake surface a parallel to the filter axis Sieve (45) is arranged. 12. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 8, characterized in that three semicircular, resilient members (31 b) are arranged in the dehumidification space (£) for smoothing the cake surface, the first of which limits the incoming washing liquid and the last of which through the housing wall is subjected to ultrasonic vibrations. 13. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 10, characterized in that a scraper (48) with a screw (36) is attached to the seal (T) between the dehumidification chamber (E) and the cleaning chamber (R) for cake removal. 14. Filter according to claims 1 and 13, characterized in that the seal (T) on the top for the screw (36) is trough-shaped and designed as a scraper (48). 15. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that a brush-like acting shaft (37) is arranged at the exit of the cleaning chamber (R). 16. Filter according to claim 13, characterized in that a rapidly rotating shaft (37) equipped with wings is arranged in the space (R). 17. Filter according to claims 1 and 13 to 16, characterized in that an ultrasonic device is arranged in the cleaning chamber (R) formed by partition walls (T and G). 18. Filter according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 16, characterized in that on the entire Filter surface (Z) a dense-pored metal filter fabric is wound up in a spiral. 19. Closed cylindrical rotary pressure filter, the control head of which consists of at least one fixed and a rotating part, according to one of claims 1 or 4 to 18, characterized in that the head is constructed in three parts, from which to the pressure filter over a shaft (27) connected rotatable part (S), a for a cell width with part (S) connectable and rotatable in the sector-shaped area part (F) and a fixed part (D) , which is used to connect all incoming and outgoing Equipment and for attaching the registration, control and signal lines. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 398 008, 724 859, 795, 879 382, 886 592, 911 847, 927 265, 011, 940 287, 950 724, 974 446; German patent application A 140/12 d (published on November 2, 1950); U.S. Patent No. 2,579,944. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 409 660/280 9.64 0 Bundesdruckerei Berlin