DE102020204688A1 - Charging device, system consisting of a plug and a socket and a system consisting of a plug and a charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

Charging device (20) for electrical energy storage comprising: - at least one first interface (40) for the transmission of electrical energy, - at least one second interface (80, 90) for the transmission of thermal energy, - the second interface (80, 90) having a (80) and a return connection (90) and flow (80) and return connection (90) are integrated in a plug (140), characterized in that flow (80) and return connection (90) are designed differently.

Description

The invention relates to a charging device according to the preamble of claim 1, a system of plug and socket according to claim 4 and a system of a socket and a charging device according to claim 5.

Electrified vehicles have a battery to provide electrical energy to drive the vehicle. In most cases this battery can be electrically charged via an external interface. In particular, during rapid charging processes, the battery heats up more than when driving. This results in a higher cooling requirement during the charging process than when driving. The prior art provides for this higher cooling requirement to be met by additionally providing cooling power by the charging device during the charging process.

In this connection the document discloses DE 10 2012 213 855 A1 a charging station and a battery arranged in a vehicle, the vehicle being connectable to the charging station with a charging cable and a temperature control line.

It is the object of the present invention to at least partially improve the prior art.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a charging device with the features according to claim 1, by a system of plug and socket according to claim 4 and by a system of a socket and a charging device according to claim 5. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims . The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically sensible manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and / or details from the figures, with further design variants of the invention being shown.

• - wenigstens eine erste Schnittstelle zur Übertragung elektrischer Energie,
• - wenigstens eine zweite Schnittstelle zur Übertragung thermischer Energie,
• - wobei die zweite Schnittstelle einen Vor- und einen Rücklaufanschluss aufweist und Vor- und Rücklaufanschluss in einem Stecker integriert sind,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
Vor- und Rücklaufanschluss unterschiedlich ausgeführt sind.The invention relates to a charging device for electrical energy storage devices comprising:

• - at least one first interface for the transmission of electrical energy,
• - at least one second interface for the transmission of thermal energy,
• - wherein the second interface has a flow and a return connection and the flow and return connection are integrated in a plug,

characterized in that
The flow and return connections are designed differently.

The fact that the flow and return connections are designed differently means that incorrect operation is excluded.

The flow and return lines are preferably integrated in one. This means, in particular, that the supply and return lines can be connected in a single plugging process and a first plugging process for the supply and a second plugging process for the return line is not required.

The charging device is preferably a charging column which, in particular, can transmit electrical energy to an electrical energy store by means of a charging cable and a charging plug. This is currently compatible with most electrified vehicles. However, it can also be a charging station which, by means of an induction plate, can transfer energy to an induction plate that is electrically connected to an energy storage device. This has the advantage that the charging process can be carried out without contact, in particular without a plug having to be plugged in.

In some embodiments, the charging device draws the electrical energy for charging the electrical energy store from the energy distribution network. This leads to a large availability of electrical energy. In other embodiments, the charging device draws the electrical energy for charging the electrical energy store from a further electrical energy store, for example an electrical energy store arranged in the charging device. In some embodiments it is also provided that the charging device draws the electrical energy from a generator unit, for example a fuel cell and / or an electrical generator driven by an internal combustion engine. The latter embodiments have the advantage that they can be set up anywhere and independently of electrical supply infrastructure.

In the present case, an electrical energy store is to be understood as any device suitable for storing electrical energy. This is, for example, a capacitor and / or preferably a battery, particularly preferably a lithium-ion battery. Furthermore, it is preferably a traction battery, that is to say a battery which provides the electrical energy for driving an electrified vehicle. It is particularly preferably a battery with a nominal voltage of at least 100, 200 or 400 volts. Such batteries have the advantage that they store electrical energy particularly efficiently. In which electrified motor vehicle, it is in particular a purely electric vehicle. However, it can also be a hybrid or hydrogen vehicle. It is also preferably a land vehicle, particularly preferably a land vehicle that is not rail-bound.

By means of the interface for transmitting electrical energy, electrical energy can be transmitted from the charging device to an electrical energy store. The interface for transmitting electrical energy of the charging device can be connected to an interface for transmitting electrical energy of an electrical energy store. The connection does not necessarily have to be direct. It can also be an indirect connection. For example, the connectable interface can be the interface of an electrified vehicle, which is electrically connected to the energy store to be charged. It is only relevant that the connectable interface is suitable for the transmission of electrical energy between the charging device and the electrical energy store. The transmission can take place conductively, for example by means of a cable and / or a power rail, and / or inductively. A pluggable conductive connection, for example a socket, into which a cable with a plug can be inserted, which in turn has an electrical connection to an energy store to be charged and / or can be electrically connected to an energy store to be charged, is preferably used as the interface . Of course, a cable can also be permanently connected to the charging device. At the end not connected to the charging device, this then has a plug which can be electrically connected to an energy store to be charged. If the energy store of an electrified vehicle is involved, the vehicle usually has a socket which is electrically connected to the energy store.

The transfer of electrical energy does not only mean the charging of the electrical energy storage device. In some embodiments it is provided that electrical energy is transmitted from the battery into the charging device.

The interface for transferring thermal energy of the charging device can also be connected to an interface for transferring thermal energy of the energy store to be charged. The connection does not necessarily have to be direct either. The interface only has to enable the transfer of thermal energy between the charging device and the energy store. In certain embodiments, the transfer of thermal energy takes place by means of a thermally conductive solid. However, thermal energy is preferably transferred by means of a fluid, particularly preferably by means of a liquid, for example by means of a water-based coolant. In some embodiments, a fluid is used that is also used outside of the charging process to control the temperature of the energy store. If, for example, it is the traction battery of an electrified vehicle, and if a temperature control system is provided in this vehicle to control the temperature of the battery with a specific coolant, then the same coolant can be used to transfer thermal energy between the charging device and the battery. This advantageously reduces the number of components required for the transfer of thermal energy. However, there are also embodiments in which the transfer of thermal energy is also carried out by means of a heat exchanger. In this case, a temperature control medium directly temperature-controlled by the charging device, that is to say for example a cooling fluid, in particular a cooling liquid, and a temperature control medium directly temperature-controlling the electrical energy store are materially separated via a heat exchanger. As a result, the temperature control medium of the charging device and the energy store can be selected independently of one another.

The loading device also has a temperature control system. It contains the components required for thermal management of the charging device. It is used for, in particular, controlled and / or regulated, heat and / or fluid transfer between a thermal interface of the charging device and other components. The further components are preferably heat exchangers to the outside air and / or to further coolant and / or refrigerant circuits. The heat transfer in the The temperature control system is preferably carried out by means of a temperature control medium, either in a temperature control medium circuit or in several temperature control medium circuits which cooperate by means of heat exchangers and / or valves.

The energy store also has a temperature control system. It also contains the components required for its thermal management. It is used for, in particular, controlled and / or regulated, heat and / or fluid transfer between a thermal interface to a charging device and other components. The further components are preferably heat exchangers to the outside air and / or to further coolant and / or refrigerant circuits. In particular, the further components are further components required for the thermal management of a vehicle, such as a refrigerant circuit, which in some embodiments is used at the same time to control the temperature of the vehicle interior. The heat transfer in the temperature control system takes place preferably by means of a temperature control medium, preferably by means of a coolant, either in a temperature control medium circuit or in several temperature control medium circuits which cooperate by means of heat exchangers.

A control and / or regulation of the temperature control system of the charging device and / or the temperature control system of the energy store is preferably carried out taking into account the efficiency of the other components of the temperature control system of the charging device and / or the temperature control system of the energy store. For this purpose, a control and / or regulation can additionally and / or exclusively influence the charging power transmitted via an interface for electrical energy transmission, in particular control and / or regulate it.

In some embodiments, the heat exchangers associated with the temperature control system of the charging device for the outside air and / or the capacitors of a refrigerant circuit assigned to the charging device are arranged above the charging device, in particular vertically and / or in a V shape. This represents a particularly space-saving embodiment.

If an additional heat exchanger is used for the heat transfer between the charging device and the energy store and the temperature control system of the charging device and / or the energy store also has a refrigerant circuit, in some embodiments the refrigerant circuit is also integrated into the additional heat exchanger, so that an integrated heat exchanger with two coolants - And at least one refrigerant circuit is created.

In some embodiments, the components are at least partially located in the ground. In this embodiment, the cooling medium can be passed directly through the ground, which has a positive effect on efficiency. In some of these embodiments, a heat pump is also used in combination with the heat exchanger in the ground.

Preferably, the flow and return connections are round or essentially round and have different diameters. They can also be elliptical and either have a different size and / or eccentricity. These embodiments have the advantage that they are very easy to manufacture. In addition, the orientation of the connector can be directly recognized by a user.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the flow and return connections have different lengths in the plug-in direction. This has the advantage that the connections are inserted one after the other, which reduces the insertion force.

The invention further relates to a system of a plug and a socket, the plug having a flow line and a return line which can be connected in a fluid-conducting manner by inserting the plug with a flow and return line in the socket, the flow and return connection of the plug being one in the plugging direction have different lengths and the socket has a guide which guides the longer of the connections during insertion in such a way that the supply and return lines of the plug are positioned over the supply and return lines of the socket.

The invention also relates to a system consisting of a socket and a charging device according to the invention, wherein the flow and return connection of the plug of the charging device have different lengths in the plugging direction and the socket has a guide which guides the longer of the connections during insertion in such a way that the flow and return lines of the plug can be positioned via the feed and return lines of the socket.

The guide is preferably designed in such a way that the first connection, which is plugged in first, has a guide which, when plugged in, generates a moment which positions the second connection over its corresponding socket. This makes it easier for the user to position the connector.

The socket preferably represents the thermal interface of an energy store, particularly preferably the thermal interface of an electrified vehicle.

In some embodiments of the invention, the plug and socket are interchanged. This means that the charging device has a socket into which a plug according to the invention can be plugged. Furthermore, the term socket in the context of this invention is to be understood generally as a counterpart to the plug according to the invention.

• 1 einen beispielhaften Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Ladevorrichtung,
• 2 ein beispielhaftes erfindungsgemäßes System aus Stecker und Buchse
• 3 ein beispielhaftes erfindungsgemäßes System aus Stecker und Buchse.

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are shown on the basis of the following description with reference to the figures. It shows in detail:

• 1 an exemplary structure of a charging device according to the invention,
• 2 an exemplary system according to the invention comprising a plug and socket
• 3 an exemplary system according to the invention comprising a plug and socket.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated with reference to the figures.

1 shows an exemplary structure of a charging device according to the invention 20th . The loading device 20th is with a vehicle 10 via an electrical interface 40 as well as one from coolant supply 80 and coolant return 90 existing thermal interface. There is thermal energy between the temperature control system of the charging station 20th and the temperature control system of the vehicle 10 by means of a coolant-coolant heat exchanger 50 transfer. There is therefore no exchange of coolant between the temperature control systems. That in the off thermal interface 80 , 90 The coolant used here corresponds to the coolant in the vehicle's temperature control system 10 used.

The loading device 20th In this exemplary embodiment, it also includes a thermal store 30th . It is in the temperature control system of the charging station 10 involved. It can be cooled or heated prior to a charging process. The heat or cooling capacity stored in this way can then be used to control the temperature of the energy store during the charging process.

The temperature control system of the charging station 10 comprises a coolant-coolant heat exchanger 50 , a coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger 60 and a coolant-air heat exchanger 70 and the others to connect them to one another and to connect them to the vehicle 10 and the thermal storage 30th required tubing, piping, adjusting elements and connecting elements. It is designed in such a way that an exchange of thermal energy between all heat exchangers 50 , 60 , 70 is possible and can be set in a targeted manner. The coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger 60 is used to transfer thermal energy with a refrigeration system 100 designed and can be used to control the temperature of the thermal store 30th be used.

The loading device 20th furthermore has an arithmetic unit 130 which is designed to carry out the method according to the invention and to control the temperature control system. The sensors and actuators required for the control are not shown here. It also has a data interface 150 to one of the vehicle 10 assigned arithmetic unit 140 on. This is preferably designed as a radio interface, for example a WLAN or mobile radio connection.

2 shows an exemplary system according to the invention comprising a connector 140 and socket 150 . The plug 140 has a coolant supply 80 as well as a coolant return 90 which on the corresponding connections in the counterpart of the connector 150 are pluggable. Coolant supply 80 and coolant return 90 furthermore have a different diameter and different lengths in the insertion direction. The counterpart of the connector 150 continues to have a lead 160 on, which is designed such that when the longer coolant supply 80 is plugged in, a moment on the connector 140 acts so that the coolant return 90 of the plug 140 above the corresponding connection in the counterpart 150 is positioned.

3 shows further details of a connector system according to the invention 140 and socket 150 . On the connector side 140 is on the coolant supply 80 a nose as a guide 160 provided, which exactly in a recess on a socket-side 150 Collar fits. The collar has a bevel so that during a plugging process, a moment in the direction of a correct positioning of the connections to one another between the plug 140 and socket 150 works.

List of reference symbols

10

vehicle

20th

Charging station

30th

Thermal storage

40

Electrical interface

50

Coolant-coolant heat exchanger

60

Coolant-refrigerant heat exchanger

70

Coolant-air heat exchanger

80

Coolant supply

90

Coolant return

100

Refrigeration system

110

Refrigerant supply

120

Refrigerant return

130

Arithmetic unit

140

plug

150

Counterpart

160

guide

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102012213855 A1 [0003]

Claims (5)

Charging device (20) for electrical energy storage comprising: - at least one first interface (40) for the transmission of electrical energy, - at least one second interface (80, 90) for the transmission of thermal energy, - the second interface (80, 90) having a (80) and a return connection (90) and flow (80) and return connection (90) are integrated in a plug (140), characterized in that flow (80) and return connection (90) are designed differently. Loading device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the supply (80) and return connection (90) are round or essentially round and have different diameters. Loading device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow (80) and return connection (90) have a different length in the plug-in direction. System consisting of a plug (140) and a socket (150), the plug (140) having a supply line (80) and a return line (90) which by plugging the plug (140) with a supply line (80) and a return line ( 90) can be connected in a fluid-conducting manner in the socket (150), characterized in that the supply (80) and return connection (90) of the plug (140) have different lengths in the plugging direction and the socket (150) has a guide (160) which During the plugging, the longer of the connections leads in such a way that the supply (80) and return line (90) of the plug (130) are positioned over the supply (80) and return line (90) of the socket (150). System comprising a socket (150) and a charging device (20) according to Claim 1 characterized in that the flow (80) and return connection (90) of the plug (130) of the charging device (20) have a different length in the plugging direction and the socket (150) has a guide (160) which during plugging is the longer of the connections Leads in such a way that the supply (80) and return line (90) of the plug (130) are positioned via the supply (80) and return line (90) of the socket (150).

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