DE102019133891A1 - Functional element - Google Patents

Abstract

A functional element made of metal is provided with a flange of larger diameter which forms an attachment surface and a cylindrical section which is arranged within the attachment surface and extends away from the flange. A solder either in discrete depots or in ring form is arranged on the attachment surface and / or on the cylindrical portion around and adjacent to the attachment surface or in a groove or in depressions in the attachment surface or in the cylinder portion adjacent to the attachment surface. The solder is converted into a solder connection between the functional element and a metallic component or sheet metal part during a KTL process or during the subsequent baking process. A corresponding assembly part is also claimed.

Description

The present invention relates to a functional element for attachment to a metallic component, an assembly part and a method for attaching a functional element to the metallic component.

Functional elements made of metal with a flange of larger diameter forming a mounting surface, with a section arranged within the mounting surface and extending away from the flange and with a central longitudinal axis are very well known and can have various shapes. They are often attached to metallic components such as sheet metal parts.

For example, such functional elements are known in the form of press-fit elements, punching elements, riveting elements and punching and riveting elements, both in the form of screw elements such as bolt elements and nut elements and in the form of elements that fulfill a certain function, which do not or do not are only limited to one screw connection per se.

For example, instead of a thread, a bolt element can have a cylindrical shaft part which can serve to support a lever, a rope pulley or another component. A hollow element, similar to a nut element, can also be used in which, instead of a threaded cylinder, a smooth bore is provided, which is used to support a shaft. Functional elements are also known which can be designed to receive an inserted pin or a clip. Functional elements according to the invention can also be designed to perform the corresponding functions. According to the invention, said section can be designed both cylindrical and hollow-cylindrical but also polygonal, for example square, possibly with rounded corners or with another cross-sectional shape, for example with a grooved cross-sectional shape.

An example of a rivet element is the European patent specification EP 1116891 from the present applicant, who describes a so-called RND mother. That is to say, the functional element is designed as a nut element in the aforementioned European patent specification. There the section is hollow-cylindrical and forms a rivet section which is deformed after or when it is attached to a sheet metal part in order to form a rivet flange.

As indicated above, the functional elements in question can not only be nut elements, but can also be designed as bolt elements, for example as a bolt element similar to that of the German patent application with the official file number 10 2004 062 391 . The centering bolt shown there has a so-called skirt, which is ultimately also designed as a rivet section and is flanged to form a rivet flange when the centering bolt is inserted into a sheet metal part.

Examples of a functional element in the form of a press-in element with a polygonal section can be found in US Pat. No. 9,957,999 and US Pat. No. 9,222,502 of the present applicant and are also suitable for the development according to the present invention.

The object of the present invention is to provide functional elements that can be used with metallic components or with sheet metal parts which are accompanied by a moisture-proof connection and / or a connection with higher quality electrical conductivity with the component or with the sheet metal part. Furthermore, the functional elements should be able to be used in a mass production, without that they suffer damage during transport as bulk goods, which jeopardizes the functionality. Furthermore, according to the invention, using such a functional element, assembly parts consisting of a functional element and a metal component are to be provided, which enable high-quality screw connections with other components during operation, without additional complicated process steps.

To solve these problems, a functional element of the type mentioned is provided according to the invention, which is characterized in that a solder or a solder either in discrete depots or in ring form on the mounting surface and / or on the section around the longitudinal axis, preferably adjacent to the mounting surface , or in a groove or in depressions in the mounting surface or in the portion adjacent to the mounting surface. According to the invention, the term solder is understood to mean a solder with an associated flux.

When the functional element is attached to a component or to a sheet metal part, the solder or solder is either due to the heat generated during attachment or during subsequent painting of the assembly part consisting of the functional element and the component, for example during an electrochemical process, eg a cathodic dip painting (KTM) or converted into a solder connection between the functional element and the component during a subsequent baking process, which forms a kind of seal and leads to a high-quality electrical transition between the functional element and the component.

Since the solder is applied at points on the functional element where there is only a narrow gap when attached to the component or sheet metal part, there is no need to fear that the paint, which normally has an insulating effect, will affect the quality of the sealing solder connection or the electrical connection impaired, since it has been shown according to the invention that the lacquer does not penetrate into such narrow gaps present after the joining process with a high-quality joint between the functional element and the component. In contrast, the tightness of the gaps leads to an excellent capillary action for the solder, so that the solder fills the remaining gaps well.

When reference is made here to solder or solder, it goes without saying that this can also contain a flux, provided that a flux is necessary for the material pairing functional element / sheet metal part in the selected solder.

The solder or the solder can be applied to the functional elements by means of various methods. For example, this can be done by roll cladding or the solder can be applied to the functional elements as solder paste using a printing process, such as a screen printing process or a spraying process, or by immersing the section or the rivet section in a liquid solder or solder.

Preferably, a solder or a solder is used which melts at a temperature below approx. 230 ° C.

This ensures that the temperature of the stoving process for the paint is sufficient to melt the solder and establish the solder joint.

• Indium - Schmelzpunkt 157°C,
• Indium und Silber, zum Beispiel 97 Gewichtsprozent Indium mit 3 Gewichtsprozent Silber - Schmelzpunkt 145°C, oder
• Indium und Wismuth, zum Beispiel 66 Gewichtsprozent In und 34 Gewichtsprozent Bi - Schmelzpunkt 72°C.

It is particularly advantageous if the solder includes one or more of the following elements:

• Indium - melting point 157 ° C,
• Indium and silver, for example 97 percent by weight indium with 3 percent by weight silver - melting point 145 ° C, or
• Indium and bismuth, for example 66 percent by weight In and 34 percent by weight Bi - melting point 72 ° C.

If a flux is required, a conventional flux is used, which is selected for the solder or the metal of the functional element or the sheet metal part.

It can be seen that the melting temperatures mentioned are sufficiently low that conventional baking processes are sufficient to melt the solder or the solder. Furthermore, such temperatures, in particular temperatures that tend to be lower, can certainly arise locally when the functional element is joined to the component to form an assembly part in a press or by means of a robot. In addition, such melting temperatures are sufficiently high that the solder or the solder does not melt at high ambient temperatures.

It is also advantageous if at least one recess receiving excess solder is formed in the flange and / or in the cylinder section. This allows excess solder to escape during the soldering process. Excess solder can sometimes occur with precise dosing due to tolerance.

The indentation can be an annular indentation which is arranged radially inside the attachment surface as an axial groove in the flange and / or as a radial groove in the section or radially outside the attachment surface or in an interrupting manner.

A plurality of depressions can also be provided, which are arranged within the attachment surface and around the longitudinal axis of the functional element, for example depressions in the form of radially extending grooves.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the attachment surface can have an outer ring surface and an inner ring surface, an annular recess receiving excess solder being provided between the ring surfaces.

As mentioned above, the functional element can be a nut element or a bolt element, or a hollow element or an element with a cylindrical projection for receiving a shaft or a clip or a bearing bush.

An assembly part according to the invention consists of a functional element as described above and a component made of metal, the section extending into a hole in the component and the solder forming a solder connection between the mounting surface and the surface of the component opposite it and / or between the cylinder section and the perforated wall of the component forms.

If the functional element is provided with a depression that receives excess solder, this depression can be at least partially filled with excess solder.

Normally, in the completed assembly part, the mounting surface abuts a surface of the part.

• 1A-1F ein Funktionselement in der Form einer Nietmutter in einer Draufsicht auf dessen Anbringungsfläche (1A), in einer teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht (1B), in einer Darstellung gemäß der 1B jedoch mit eingesetztem Lotring (1C), in einer Darstellung entsprechend der 1C, jedoch mit dem Lotring nach einem Walzplattierungsvorgang (1D), eine Darstellung entsprechend der 1D, jedoch nach der anfänglichen Montage eines Blechteils auf dem Funktionselement benachbart zur Anbringungsfläche (1E) und in einer Darstellung ähnlich der 1E, jedoch nach der vollständigen Anbringung des Blechteils am Funktionselement (1F),
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Bolzenelements mit Nietrock und einer Anbringungsflache ähnlich der des Funktionselements der 1A,
• 3A eine Darstellung eines Funktionselements ähnlich der 1A, jedoch mit diskreten Depots von Lotmittel an der Anbringungsfläche um den Nietabschnitt herum,
• 3B eine teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht des Funktionselements gemäß 1A,
• 3C eine teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht eines Funktionselements ähnlich der 1C, wobei die Anbringungsfläche einen radial inneren Bereich und einem radial äußeren Bereich umfasst, und das Lot bzw. Lotmittel entweder in Ringform in einer Ringvertiefung oder in der Form von einzelnen Depots in jeweilge Vertiefungen vorgesehen ist, das bzw. die sich zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Bereich der Anbringungsfläche befindet bzw. befinden
• 3D eine Darstellung ähnlich der 3C, bei der jedoch die Anbringungsfläche als U-förmige Nut anstelle als V-förmige Nut ausgebildet ist,
• 3E eine Darstellung eines Funktionselements ähnlich der 3D, wobei das Lot bzw. das Lotmittel in Ringform am Abschnitt an der axial inneren Flanke der U-förmigen Nut anstelle im Bodenbereich der U-förmigen Nut vorgesehen ist,
• 3F eine Darstellung entsprechend der 3A, jedoch mit diskreten Vertiefungen am Nietabschnitt zur Aufnahme vom überschüssigen Lot,
• 3G eine teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht des Funktionselements der 3F,
• 3H eine teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht des Funktionselements gemäß der 1C, jedoch mit einer Ringvertiefung oder mit diskreten Vertiefungen radial außerhalb des Lotes bzw. des Lotmittels zur Aufnahme von überschüssigem Lot,
• 31 eine teilweise in Längsrichtung geschnittene Seitenansicht des Funktionselements gemäß der 1C, jedoch mit einer Ringvertiefung oder mit diskreten Vertiefungen radial innerhalb des Lots bzw. des Lotmittels zur Aufnahme von überschüssigen Lot,
• 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Bolzenelements ähnlich eines gegenwärtigen SBF-Einpressbolzens der Anmelderin gemäß der US PS 6 979 160 , bei dem der Nietabschnitt des Nietbolzens sich auf der dem Schaftteil entgegengesetzten Seite des Flansches befindet.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings, which show:

• 1A-1F a functional element in the form of a rivet nut in a plan view of its mounting surface ( 1A) , in a partially longitudinally sectioned side view ( 1B) , in a representation according to the 1B but with inserted solder ring ( 1C ), in a representation corresponding to 1C , but with the solder ring after a roll cladding process ( 1D ), a representation corresponding to the 1D , but after the initial assembly of a sheet metal part on the functional element adjacent to the mounting surface ( 1E) and in a representation similar to 1E , but after the sheet metal part has been fully attached to the functional element ( 1F) ,
• 2 a schematic representation of a bolt element with rivet skirt and an attachment surface similar to that of the functional element of FIG 1A ,
• 3A a representation of a functional element similar to that 1A but with discrete deposits of solder on the attachment surface around the rivet section,
• 3B a partially sectioned in the longitudinal direction side view of the functional element according to FIG 1A ,
• 3C a partially sectioned longitudinally side view of a functional element similar to FIG 1C , wherein the attachment surface comprises a radially inner area and a radially outer area, and the solder or solder is provided either in the form of a ring in an annular recess or in the form of individual depots in respective recesses that are located between the inner and the outer area of the mounting surface is or are
• 3D a representation similar to the 3C in which, however, the mounting surface is designed as a U-shaped groove instead of a V-shaped groove,
• 3E a representation of a functional element similar to that 3D , wherein the solder or the solder is provided in the form of a ring on the section on the axially inner flank of the U-shaped groove instead of in the bottom area of the U-shaped groove,
• 3F a representation corresponding to the 3A , but with discrete indentations on the rivet section to take up excess solder,
• 3G a partially sectioned side view of the functional element in the longitudinal direction 3F ,
• 3H a partially cut in the longitudinal direction side view of the functional element according to FIG 1C , but with a ring indentation or with discrete indentations radially outside the solder or the solder to take up excess solder,
• 31 a partially cut in the longitudinal direction side view of the functional element according to FIG 1C , but with a ring recess or with discrete recesses radially inside the solder or the solder to take up excess solder,
• 4th a schematic side view of a bolt element according to the invention similar to a current SBF press-in bolt of the applicant according to FIG U.S. Patent 6,979,160 , in which the rivet portion of the rivet bolt is on the opposite side of the flange from the shaft part.

The 1A to 1F show a functional element 10 made of metal with a mounting surface 12th forming flange 14th larger diameter and a portion disposed within the mounting surface and extending away from the flange 16 , which is designed as a rivet section in this embodiment. In this illustration, it is a rivet nut similar to the well-known RND rivet nut from the applicant, but with the anti-rotation tabs here 18th radially outside the axial V-shaped groove 20th instead of these are bridging. The floor 22nd the V-shaped groove 20th and the radial annular surface located radially outside the V-shaped groove 24 together form the attachment surface here 12th of the functional element 10 , ie the areas 22nd and 24 , which in the completed assembly part according to the 1F the sheet metal part 26th lie opposite. It can be seen that the radially extending, evenly distributed anti-rotation tabs 18th the transition 28 from the sloping flank 30th the V-shaped groove 20th into the radially extending ring surface 24 bridge or are arranged there.

You can also see from the 1C that a solder or the solder 32 in a ring shape on the mounting surface 12th , more precisely on the ground 22nd the V-shaped groove, adjacent to the section 16 is arranged. According to 1D is this solder ring 32 pressed somewhat flat by a roll cladding process or simply by means of a punch, whereby the solder adheres to the functional element. According to 1E becomes the pre-punched sheet metal part 26th with his hole 34 on the rivet section 16 of the functional element 10 arranged, with the bottom 36 of the sheet metal part in the area around the hole 34 around on the anti-rotation tabs 18th sits. In the representation of 1F the sheet metal part is inserted into the V-shaped groove by means of a die (not shown) 20th been pressed in, with the anti-rotation tabs 18th into the sheet metal part 26th have been depressed, and the section 20th radially outwards to form a rivet flange 38 has been flanged and thus the sheet metal part 26th at the edge 40 around the hole 34 around between the rivet flange 38 and the mounting surface 12th stuck and thereby the functional element 10 Press-out safe on the sheet metal part 26th attached. This means that in this example the section 16 represents a rivet section.

When riveting, the solder or the solder 32 heated to a temperature above the melting point of the selected solder. This can be done, for example, by removing the process heat generated during riveting due to the deformation of the sheet metal material and the section 16 arises, is sufficient to melt the solder, creating a soldered and therefore fluid-tight and electrically conductive connection between the functional element and the sheet metal part. If the process heat is not sufficient to melt the selected solder, the required or additional heat can be supplied in some other way, for example inductively or by means of infrared heaters. If the resulting assembly part according to 1F is painted, for example by means of a cathodic dip painting, the temperature of a subsequent baking process can also provide the necessary heat to melt the solder or solder and to produce the solder connection, which solidifies after cooling.

A fluid tight connection is desirable when it is a fastener 10 For example for carpets in a vehicle, because you want to prevent water from the road in the area of the functional elements 10 can penetrate the interior of the vehicle. Such a watertight connection is also desirable in the case of electrical connection elements, such as, for example, ground bolts or ground nuts or electrical plug connections, in order to prevent corrosion in the area of the functional element 10 to prevent. Furthermore, the resulting solder connection leads 41 between a functional element 10 and a sheet metal part 26th to an excellent electrical transition from the functional element to the sheet metal part and vice versa. It is also important that the solder connection takes place before any painting of the assembly part and can therefore prevent the painting, which is itself insulating, from negatively influencing the electrical transition. Instead, the coating protects the soldering point from possible undesirable oxidation processes.

With such an electrical connection element, it is advantageous if the element is not provided with a thread from the start, but is used with a thread-forming or thread-cutting screw element (not shown), since the corresponding shaping or cutting function results in a high-quality electrical transition from the screw element in the functional element 10 cares. The electrical transition from the functional element 10 into the sheet metal part 26th is from the solder connection 41 accomplished or at least benefited. It can also take place, for example, via the anti-rotation tabs that are inserted into the sheet metal part 26th penetrate and there anti-rotation recesses 42 form.

It should be noted that the riveting according to 1F has been made so that the rivet flange 38 at most flush with the top 44 of the sheet metal part 26th and is preferably set back with respect to this by a small amount of, for example, 0.02 mm. This ensures that in a screwing-on situation, ie when a further sheet metal part or component (both not shown) is attached to the sheet metal part by means of a screw into the threaded hole 46 of the functional element 10 screwed-in bolt (not shown) is attached, there is a desired planar screw surface in the area of the joint. The anti-rotation tabs 18th thereby prevent the functional element 10 compared to the sheet metal part 26th rotates, for example, when a screw bolt in the functional element 10 is screwed in or screwed out of this and corresponding frictional forces and torques on the functional element 10 be exercised.

The 2 shows a further functional element 10 , here in the form of a rivet bolt 48 with a rivet skirt 50 , the formation of the mounting surface 12th and the anti-rotation tabs 18th has been made similar to that of the functional element 10 the 1A to 1F . For this reason, the mounting surface 12th and the anti-rotation tabs 18th have been provided with the same reference numerals. This convention, ie that components or features that have the same design or function are provided with the same reference symbols, is used consistently in this description and it is understood that the description provided here also applies to parts or features that have the same design or function unless otherwise stated, which is why the description is not unnecessarily repeated.

In 2 is also the solder or the solder 32 seen in ring shape. The rivet bolt 48 is here with an external thread 52 Mistake.

At this point it should be emphasized again that the functional element according to the invention 10 in no way on rivet nuts or rivet bolts 48 is limited, but can instead be used with all functional elements that have a mounting surface 12th and one of these protruding sections 16 are provided. That is to say, a functional element according to the invention can also be implemented as a press-in element in which the functional element is not provided with a deformable rivet section but with a non-deformable press-in section, both with functional elements 10 which are implemented as nut elements or bolt elements as well as with functional elements that do not have a screw function, but for example as bearing elements for a shaft or swivel joint or as ball bolts or ball sockets or as fixing elements for consoles, carpets or cladding or brake lines or cables, which may be used. be attached by means of clips or plug-in elements.

The 3A to 31 now show different design variants of rivet nuts according to the invention. Both 3A and 3B the solder or the solder is not as a solder ring, but as discrete depots 54 provided by the solder material attached to the mounting surface 12th , more precisely on the sloping flank 30th the V-shaped groove 20th , are provided at regular intervals. In this example the depots are 54 radial with the anti-rotation tabs 18th aligned, but this is not absolutely necessary.

Furthermore, the solder or the solder can be in the form of a ring or in the form of individual depots 54 in a depression 56 or in several recesses 56a of the mounting surface 12th as in 3C and 3D shown to be arranged. The difference between the versions according to 3C and 3D lies in the fact that in 3C an axially directed V-groove 56 is provided, the recess 56 or the depressions on the inclined flank 30th the V-shaped groove 20th is provided or are, while it is in the execution according to 3D around an axially directed U-shaped groove 58 with a bottom extending in a radial plane 60 acts and the deepening 56 or the depressions in the ground 60 are provided.

There is also the option of deepening 56 in a ring shape at the section 16 to be provided on its radially outer surface, as in 3E is shown.

Another option that is in the 3F and 3G shown is discrete wells 56 to accommodate depots 54 of solder on the radially outer surface of the section 16 to be provided.

In all versions where the solder or the solder in a recess 56 or in several wells 56 is provided, the solder or the solder should preferably at least slightly over the opening planes of the respective recess 56 protrude so that it is in contact with the sheet metal part 26th got. Since there is a narrow gap between the functional element and the sheet metal part in the area of the solder when the solder melts, the property of the liquid solder to expand capillary in narrow gaps is used to create an extensive solder connection and therefore a high-quality seal and an excellent seal to generate electrical transition. Furthermore, the extensive solder connection supports the mechanical properties of the joint connection between the functional element 10 and the sheet metal part 26th in the sense of improved expression resistance, unbuttoning resistance and improved anti-twist protection of the functional element 10 or. 48 in the sheet metal part 26th .

As stated above, the solder can be made to adhere to the functional element by means of roll cladding or a stamp. However, this is not absolutely necessary. The solder could, for example, during or after the production of the functional element 10 , 48 can be realized by melting, possibly using a suitable flux, as adhesion to the functional element. Furthermore, the solder could be applied to the functional elements as solder paste by means of a printing process, such as a screen printing process or a spray-on process, and possibly converted into a metallic coating, ie a kind of “tinning”, by heating, even if tin is not a component of the solder is.

It is advantageous to use a solder that melts at a temperature below approx. 230 ° C. At this temperature, no change in the metallic structure or annealing of the functional element or the sheet metal part is to be feared.

• Indium - Schmelzpunkt 157°C,
• Indium und Silber, zum Beispiel 97 Gewichtsprozent Indium mit 3 Gewichtsprozent Silber - Schmelzpunkt 145°C, oder
• Indium und Wismuth, zum Beispiel 66 Gewichtsprozent Indium und 34 Gewichtsprozent Wismuth - Schmelzpunkt 72°C.

It is particularly favorable if the solder comprises one or more of the following elements:

• Indium - melting point 157 ° C,
• Indium and silver, for example 97 percent by weight indium with 3 percent by weight silver - melting point 145 ° C, or
• Indium and bismuth, for example 66 percent by weight indium and 34 percent by weight bismuth - melting point 72 ° C.

Compounds with indium in particular adhere well to the usual metallic compositions and / or coatings of functional elements and sheet metal parts.

It can be advantageous if there is at least one recess which takes up excess solder 62 in the flange 14th and / or in the section 16 is trained. For example, the 3H an axially directed annular recess 62 in the attachment surface of a functional element radially outside of the solder ring 1C . In comparison, the 31 an axial ring recess 62 radially inside the solder ring of 1C which can also make perfect sense.

However, it must be with the wells 62 not necessarily ring wells, but they can be discrete wells 62 act, which are intended for the absorption of excess solder.

Furthermore, the at least one recess that receives excess solder can be 62 around one as a radial groove in the section 16 or act as discrete radial depressions in it (both not shown).

In other words, if multiple wells 62 are provided, these can be within the mounting surface 12th and around the longitudinal axis 64 of the functional element be arranged around, for example, depressions in the form of radially extending grooves.

When the mounting surface 12th an outer ring surface 66 and an inner ring surface 68 may have an excess solder receiving ring recess as in FIG 3H shown between the annular surfaces 66 and 68 be provided.

At this point it should be mentioned that the mentioned section 12th does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, but this can be designed as a centering section or as a polygonal section, for example with a square or hexagonal cross-section, as shown for example in the above-mentioned US Patents 9,957,999 and 9,222,502.

The 4th FIG. 11 shows a representation of a rivet bolt according to FIG U.S. Patent 6,979,160 where the flange 14th with a radially outwardly extending mounting surface 16 with noses and indentations to prevent rotation, whereby the mounting surface 12th the section 16 surrounds, which is also designed here as a rivet section. A solder or a solder in the form of a ring is also here on the attachment surface 12th immediately adjacent to the section 16 intended. This can be done, for example - as with all functional elements - by means of roll cladding or as solder paste by means of a printing process such as a screen printing process or a spray-on process.

In an alternative embodiment, the solder or the solder is thereby applied to the section 16 applied that this is immersed in a liquid solder during or after the production of the functional element. This type of attachment of the solder can, if necessary, take place with all types of functional elements, regardless of whether it is the section 16 is a rivet section or a press-fit section. If, as with the 2 shown a thread 52 or a shaft part over the section 16 or. 50 protrudes, this can optionally be provided with a protective layer so that it is not wetted with solder or the wetting with solder can be accepted as corrosion protection.

In all versions, the solder or the solder lies in a protected area between the section 16 and the mounting surface 12th , preferably within a V-shaped or U-shaped groove, so that the transport of the prefabricated functional elements 10 or. 48 can be made as bulk material without having to fear the loss of the solder or the solder. Should problems arise in this regard in practice, the solder or the solder could be applied to the functional elements immediately before or even during handling in a press or by a robot.

Regardless of how the functional element is designed in a specific case, this is characterized by the functional element 10 or. 48 and the sheet metal part 26 made of metal in that the section 16 into a hole 34 of the sheet metal part 26th extends into it, and that the solder or the soldering means a solder connection between the attachment surface 12 and the opposite surface of the sheet metal part 26th and / or between the section 16 and the perforated wall of the sheet metal part 26th forms.

The mounting surface is also located 12th on the surface of the sheet metal part 26th on, possibly with a solder connection between at least part of the mounting surface 12th and the sheet metal part 26th .

List of reference symbols

10

Functional element

12th

Mounting surface

14th

flange

16

section

18th

Anti-rotation tabs

20th

V-shaped groove

22nd

Bottom of the V-shaped groove

24

annular surface located radially outside the V-shaped groove

26th

Sheet metal part

28

crossing

30th

inclined flank of the V-shaped groove

32

Solder or solder

34

Hole of the sheet metal part

36

Underside of the sheet metal part

38

Rivet flange

40

Edge area of the hole 34

41

Solder connection

42

Anti-rotation recesses

44

Top of the sheet metal part

46

Threaded hole

48

Rivet bolts

50

Rivet skirt

52

External thread

54

discrete depots of solder or solder

56

Depression or depressions

58

U-shaped groove

60

Bottom of the U-shaped groove

62

Solder-receiving recess or depressions

64

Longitudinal axis of the functional element

66

radially inner ring area of the mounting surface

68

radially outer ring area of the mounting surface

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 1116891 [0005]
• DE 102004062391 [0006]
• US 6979160 [0027, 0052]

Claims (15)

Functional element (10; 48) made of metal with a flange (14) of larger diameter forming an attachment surface (12), with a section (16) arranged within the attachment surface (12) and extending away from the flange and with a longitudinal axis (64), characterized in that a solder or a solder means (32) either in discrete depots (54) or in ring form on the attachment surface (12) and / or on the section (16) around the longitudinal axis (64) or in an annular recess (56 ) or in depressions (56) in the mounting surface (12) or in the section (16), optionally adjacent to the mounting surface (12). Functional element (10; 48) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the solder or the solder (32) by means of roll cladding or as solder paste by means of a printing process such as a screen printing process or a spraying process or by immersing the section or the rivet section in a liquid solder or solder on the functional element (10 ; 48) is applied. Functional element (10; 48) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the solder (32) melts at a temperature below approx. 230 ° C. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solder (32) comprises one or more of the following elements: indium - melting point 157 ° C, indium and silver, for example 97 percent by weight indium with 3 percent by weight silver - Melting point 145 ° C, or indium and bismuth, for example 66 percent by weight In and 34 percent by weight Bi - melting point 72 ° C. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one recess (62) receiving excess solder is formed in the flange (14) and / or in the section (16). Functional element (10; 48) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the at least one indentation (62) is an annular indentation which interrupts this radially inside the outer mounting surface as an axial groove in the flange (14) and / or as a radial groove in the section (16) or in the mounting surface (12) is arranged. Functional element (10; 48) after Claim 5 , characterized in that a plurality of depressions (62) are provided, which are arranged within the attachment surface (12) and around the longitudinal axis (64) of the functional element, for example depressions in the form of radially extending grooves. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the attachment surface (12) has an outer ring surface (68) and an inner ring surface (66), an annular recess (62) receiving excess solder between the ring surfaces (66) , 68) is provided. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a nut element (10) or a bolt element (48), or a hollow element or an element with a cylindrical projection for receiving a shaft or a clip or a bearing bush. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the section (16) is designed as a flanged rivet section or rivet skirt (50). Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the section (16) is designed as a punched section. Functional element (10; 48) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the section (16) is designed as a centering section or as a polygon section, for example with a square or hexagonal cross section. Assembly part consisting of a functional element (10; 48) according to one of the preceding claims and a sheet metal part (26) made of metal, characterized in that the section (16) extends into a hole (34) in the sheet metal part (26) and that the solder (32) forms a solder connection between the attachment surface (12) and the surface of the sheet metal part (26) opposite it and / or between the section (16) and the hole wall of the sheet metal part (26). Assembly part according to Claim 13 , in which the functional element (10; 48) after Claim 5 is formed, wherein the at least one recess (62) is partially filled with excess solder. Assembly part according to Claim 13 or 14th , in which the attachment surface (12) rests against the surface (36) of the sheet metal part (26).

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