DE102012202164A1 - Device for lifting and fixing traction battery in lower installation space of electrically driven vehicle, has releasable locking unit to prevent undesired rotational movement of the threaded spindle about spindle axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has battery container (2) for receiving traction battery. A threaded spindle is provided with spindle head through which drive torque is transferred to threaded spindle by actuating rotation of threaded spindle by actuator. The tensioning unit is provided for raising battery container in lower installation space and for clamping battery container at lower installation space. The releasable locking unit is provided to prevent undesired rotational movement of the threaded spindle about spindle axis. An independent claim is included for electrically driven vehicle.

Description

The invention relates to a device for the exchange-side replacement of replaceable batteries in an electrically driven vehicle, wherein the device supports both the inclusion of a bottom side mounted in the vehicle battery trough and fixed captive battery trough in the vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle that is equipped for a battery change with the help of the generic device and a battery tray designed for this purpose.

In the course of the scarcity of fossil fuels and increased pollutant pollution by an increasing individual traffic worldwide, the search for alternative drive concepts for internal combustion engines is gaining in importance. For example, electrically powered vehicles are currently being treated as the future of individual transport. In particular, if the primary energy used for the operation of the electric vehicles of regenerative nature such as sun, wind or tides, a significant improvement in the environmental performance of individual transport can be achieved by its electrification.

However, a nationwide collection of electrically powered vehicles are still the high cost of the energy storage required battery and their limited storage capacity and their compared to a refueling long charging time. The currently available battery technology does not allow the energy density of fossil fuels, so that the range of purely electrically powered vehicles does not meet the needs of many consumers. Since charging the battery can take several hours, the electric vehicle is not easily suitable for long-distance travel.

However, one approach to the upgrading of electric vehicles for long-distance travel are battery replacement systems, as for example US2009082957A1 are known. Thereafter, the vehicles are equipped with replaceable batteries, which can be replaced in a nationwide network of battery changing stations against fully charged batteries, if required by their state of charge. For this purpose, batteries charged in the battery replacement station are kept in stock. The change process takes much less time than charging the battery, so that the long charging time for the driver loses relevance. The discharged battery removed from the vehicle is recharged at the change station and is then available for further replacement.

In such a model, the driver does not purchase the expensive traction battery, which significantly reduces the initial investment for an electric vehicle. Rather, for example, the operator of the changing station or another service provider owner of the battery, which in turn can finance through appropriate user fees.

The attractiveness of such an infrastructure depends crucially on whether it makes it possible to make available a battery replacement system at a reasonable cost, which allows a rapid change of the accumulator comparable to a current refueling process. Here, it is important to coordinate the mechanical and electrical interfaces between the vehicle, battery and changeover station under optimal technical and economic aspects.

From the US20100071979A1 a battery replacement system is known in which the traction battery is mounted in a frame construction. On the vehicle there are four snap locks, which are actuated by also mounted on the vehicle electric motors and various transmission components. The latches each engage with a bolt attached to the battery to lift the battery from the vehicle underbody side into the vehicle and fix it there.

The invention has for its object to simplify a battery change in an electric vehicle with Wechselakkumulator, the battery should be securely fixed in the vehicle.

This object is achieved by a device for lifting and fixing a traction battery of an electrically driven vehicle in an underbody space of the vehicle with the features according to claim 1.

• • einen Batterietrog zur Aufnahme der Traktionsbatterie,
• • eine Gewindespindel mit einem Spindelkopf, über den ein Antriebsmoment von einem Aktuator auf die Gewindespindel übertragbar ist,
• • durch eine Drehbewegung der Gewindespindel aktuierbare Verspannungsmittel zum Anheben des Batterietroges in den unterbodenseitigen Bauraum und zum Verspannen des Batterietroges im unterbodenseitigen Bauraum und
• • entriegelbaren Sicherungsmittel zur Vermeidung einer ungewünschten Drehbewegung der Gewindespindel um die Spindelachse.

This includes

• A battery tray for holding the traction battery,
• A threaded spindle with a spindle head, via which a drive torque can be transmitted from an actuator to the threaded spindle,
• • by a rotational movement of the threaded spindle actuatable bracing means for lifting the battery trough in the under-floor space and for clamping the battery trough in the under-floor space and
• • unlockable locking means to prevent unwanted rotation of the threaded spindle about the spindle axis.

The solution of the problem is also achieved by a vehicle having the features of the claim 14 and by a battery tray according to claim 15.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

The device according to the invention represents a simple and cost-effective solution for a quick battery change. A passive system is preferably proposed in which no electromotive or hydraulic drive is required on board the vehicle or directly on the battery or on the battery tray used to mount it , Rather, the actuation of the threaded spindle can be done by an external drive, which is assigned to a battery changing station. This allows the vehicle or battery side built-in device for changing the battery can be made significantly cheaper. The preferably external drive engages the spindle head in order to transmit its drive torque to the threaded spindle and to set this in a rotational movement about the spindle axis. This rotational movement actuates the tensioning means, which lift the battery tray, so that it passes into the space-side space, and clamp there captive.

The fixation of the battery trough in the vehicle must be ensured at all times during the driving operation. Vibrations must not lead to a solution of the clamping bandage. Rather, the bias applied during installation bias is possible to obtain. This is achieved in that preferably in the spindle head, the unlockable securing means to avoid unwanted rotational movement of the threaded spindle are integrated around the spindle axis. Since the threaded spindle actuates the tensioning means, it can also be ensured by locking the threaded spindle that the tensioning means remain fixed during the drive and thus also the pretensioning force generated during clamping is virtually maintained. One way to avoid undesired rotation of the threaded spindle is a self-locking design of the positive connection of the thread of the threaded spindle with a tensioning means attributable counterpart. As a result, however, can be prevented only conditionally that the bias decreases due to vibrations while driving. A locking of the spindle, which can also be canceled for the purpose of actuating the tensioning means, is the clearly more effective solution here.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, which ensures such locking and unlocking of the spindle, characterized in that the spindle head comprises a first head part and a second head part, which is biased relative to the first in the direction of the spindle axis and displaceable and designed is that it unlocks the locking means against a displacement in the direction of the first head part against the biasing force. The bias between the first and second head part is preferably done by a spring arranged between these elements. This spacing the first head part from the second head part, to which a tool can engage, for example, by receiving a suitably shaped outer contour of the second head part in order to transmit a torque to the threaded spindle. Once the tool is applied and a pressure in the direction of the spindle axis is transmitted to the second head part of the tool, unlock the securing means and the spindle can follow a rotational movement of the tool.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, which allows a locking and unlocking in a simple manner by applying a tool and applying an axially directed force to the spindle, characterized in that the securing means radially oriented, arranged on the first head part wells and at least one radially comprise movable and radially biased locking element which is arranged on the circumference of the spindle head to penetrate into one of the recesses in the locked state. Again, the said bias can preferably be realized by a radially acting spring.

In principle, o. G. Lock already realize with only one locking element. However, the lock is more stable when several locking elements are provided distributed on the circumference of the first head part. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in this case the maximum bias loss can be minimized by the fact that the wells are spaced from each other over a substantially equal pitch along the circumference of the first spindle head and the securing means comprise a further locking element which is spaced from the first-mentioned locking element by a measure is, which is not equal to the pitch or an integer multiple of the pitch. If the distance of the two locking elements corresponded exactly to the pitch of the recesses, the maximum preload loss would be determined by the pitch. By deviation from the pitch or its integer multiple, the bias loss is reduced in contrast.

A simple unlocking by exercising an oriented in the direction of the spindle axis force on the second head part, for example by means provided for actuation of the spindle tool succeeds in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the second head part a conical has shaped circumferential surface and the locking element has a counter-shaped surface which cooperates with said peripheral surface such that the locking element is pressed against the biasing force from the recess during the displacement in the direction of the first head part and thus unlocks the spindle head.

Of course, the same effect also experience any further, around the circumference of the first head part arranged around locking elements.

In an alternative embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention, which is also based on an unlocking by axial displacement of the second head part against the biasing force in the direction of the first head part, the securing means on a first and second teeth, wherein the first gear rotatably connected to the second head part in combination is and the second gear is secured against rotation with a threaded spindle housing, wherein the first toothing engages positively by the bias in the locked state and axially into the second toothing. Compared to the embodiment with the radially arranged locking element and the recesses cooperating therewith, this design is characterized by fewer components and space requirements and lower costs. It is therefore easier to manufacture. In contrast, with the embodiment with the recesses and in particular a plurality of latching elements, a lower bias loss can be ensured.

• • eine mit der Gewindespindel formschlüssig verbundene, in Richtung der Spindelachse bewegliche und drehfest gelagerte Gewindemutter,
• • einen drehbar gelagerten Hebel, dessen Kraftarm mit der Gewindemutter unmittelbar verbunden ist derart, dass eine Bewegung der Gewindemutter in Richtung der Spindelachse eine Schwenkbewegung des Hebels um seinen Angelpunkt bewirkt, und
• • ein Haltemittel, in das der Hebel während der Schwenkbewegung eingreifen kann, um das Heben des Batterietroges in das Fahrzeug und dessen Fixierung zu bewirken, aufweisen, wobei
• • das Haltemittel am Batterietrog befestigt ist und der Hebel mit der Gewindespindel und der Gewindemutter am Fahrzeug montierbar sind oder
• • der Hebel mit der Gewindespindel und der Gewindemutter am Batterietrog befestigt sind und das Haltemittel am Fahrzeug montierbar ist.

A particularly space-saving translation of the rotational movement of the spindle in a force suitable for lifting and bracing the battery force effect is achieved by an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein the tensioning means

• A threaded nut connected in a form-fitting manner with the threaded spindle, movable in the direction of the spindle axis and mounted in a rotationally fixed manner,
• A rotatably mounted lever whose power arm is directly connected to the threaded nut such that a movement of the threaded nut in the direction of the spindle axis causes a pivotal movement of the lever about its pivot point, and
• A holding means, in which the lever can engage during the pivoting movement, in order to bring about the lifting of the battery trough into the vehicle and its fixation, wherein
• • the retaining device is attached to the battery tray and the lever with the threaded spindle and the threaded nut can be mounted on the vehicle or
• • the lever with the threaded spindle and the threaded nut are fastened to the battery tray and the holding means can be mounted on the vehicle.

Preferably, when installing a new battery, an external drive engages the spindle head in order to transmit its drive torque to the threaded spindle and to set this in a rotational movement about the spindle axis. This rotational movement is converted into a translational movement of the rotatably mounted on the threaded spindle threaded nut, wherein the direction of movement of the threaded nut depends on the direction of rotation of the threaded spindle and is always oriented in the direction of the spindle axis.

Immediately in contact with the nut is the pivoting lever. Immediately means in this context that between the nut and the lever no further in the direction of the lever arms ersteckende force or torque transmitting, hinged to the lever and / or the threaded nut components are arranged.

During the translational movement of the threaded nut, the lever undergoes a rotational movement about its suspension point, i. H. its pivot. In order to lift the battery in the vehicle, the load arm of the lever engages in the holding means and thus converts the pivoting movement of the lever in turn in a translational movement of the battery tray in the direction of the bottom-side space.

There are provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least three, preferably four such devices to lift the traction battery in the vehicle or at least to assist the lifting process and to clamp it captive. In principle, two different arrangement possibilities for the levers with the threaded spindle and the threaded nut on the one hand and the holding means interacting therewith on the other hand are conceivable and equally encompassed by the invention. Thus, the holding means may be attached to the battery tray and the lever with the threaded spindle and the threaded nut are fastened to the vehicle. However, it can also be reversed, the lever with the threaded spindle and the threaded nut to be attached to the battery tray and the retaining means on the vehicle.

A simple, yet functional design of the holding means is a bolt. This can be grasped when lifting the lever, lifted and braced. This is indicated by the lever preferably a blade-like functional contour in the region of its load arm.

The lifting and tensioning process introduced via the spindle head is particularly easy in a change station with an actuator arranged outside the vehicle, when the spindle head is moved from below - d. H. at the bottom of the vehicle - easily accessible, so that a z. B. electric motor drive torque can be transmitted directly to the spindle head without any angle drives. Accordingly, an embodiment of the device according to the invention designed as particularly advantageous, in which the threaded spindle has a substantially vertical axis of rotation and the spindle head has an inner or outer contour over which the threaded spindle can be rotated by means of an actuator disposed outside the vehicle in rotation. Essentially important in this context that the orientation of the threaded spindle, depending on the lever position by a few degrees, for example, a maximum of 5, preferably a maximum of 3, more preferably not more than 2 degrees, may differ from the exact vertical. The smaller the deviation from the vertical, the more favorable the load or momentum transfer ratios in the system.

Each lever can be characterized by a power arm and a load arm, which adjoin each other at the pivot point of the lever. According to the invention the power arm is directly, d. H. without further space-consuming, articulated transmission means coupled to the threaded nut, while the load arm engages in the holding means for lifting and bracing the battery. An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the lever with the threaded nut are connected in a fixed point, so that the power arm of the lever during its pivotal movement about the hinge point of the lever is constant and wherein the threaded spindle about the vertical axis of rotation to a degree is stored, that a required for the pivotal movement of the lever pivoting space remains. In this case, only a comparatively slight pivotal movement of the threaded spindle during the stroke movement is required, which does not take any significant space to complete. This pivoting movement is preferably characterized by a pivoting angle of at most 5 °, preferably at most 3 °, particularly preferably not more than 2 °.

In an advantageous embodiment of this embodiment, the threaded spindle has a pivotally mounted spindle head with a crowned head contact surface, which is mounted in a conically shaped counter surface. This allows the spindle head to go along with the required pivoting movement and still have a largely stable bearing in the direction of the spindle axis.

As an alternative to the aforementioned pivotability but also an embodiment of the invention is conceivable and includes of the invention, wherein the lever is connected to the threaded nut via a sliding seat with a movable pivot, so that the power arm of the lever during its pivoting movement undergoes a change in length. Accordingly, a slot for receiving a pin connected to the threaded nut can be provided here, for example, in the lever.

The battery can weigh up to 500 kg and must be securely fixed in the compartment-side space when accelerating in vehicles of up to 8g. The locking according to the invention avoids unintentional loosening of the threaded nut even under dynamic load and thus significantly increases the safety of the system.

Furthermore, the device can advantageously have a sensor for detecting a locked position of the battery trough in the vehicle and thus also a warning message are generated when the lock is not done completely and thus a secure locking of the battery in the vehicle is not given.

In the following the invention with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures will be described and explained in more detail.

Show it:

1 a battery tray and an underbody space of an electrically driven vehicle for receiving the battery trough,

2 the battery tray after 1 when installed,

3 a view of one side of the lower-level installation space,

4 a side view of the battery trough,

5 a side view of the built-in in the bottom space space battery tray,

6 a view from below of an embodiment of the device according to the invention in a first lever position,

7 a cross section through the embodiment according to 6 .

8th a front view of the embodiment according to 6 .

9 a view of the embodiment according to 6 .

10 a view from below of the embodiment according to 6 in a second lever position,

11 a cross section through the embodiment according to 10 .

12 a front view of the embodiment according to 10 .

13 a view of the embodiment according to 10 .

14 3 shows a 3D representation of the previously shown embodiment in the first lever position,

15 a 3D representation of the embodiment previously shown in the second lever position,

16 a further 3D representation of the embodiment previously shown with insight into the locking mechanism of the threaded spindle,

17 a sectional view of the locking mechanism,

18 a view from below of the locking mechanism,

19 a sectional view of a locking element of the locking mechanism,

20 a cross-section of another embodiment of the device according to the invention with a further locking mechanism,

21 a section through the plane BB of the embodiment according to 20 .

22 a section through the plane CC of the embodiment according to 20 .

23 a bottom view of the spindle head of the embodiment according to 20 in a 3D representation,

24 a 3D representation of the further embodiment according to 20 .

25 the underside view of the spindle head according to 23 with its peripheral housing element hidden,

26 the 3D representation according to 24 , wherein the peripheral housing element of the spindle head is hidden and

27 an embodiment of the device with a sensor for detecting the locking state.

For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used.

1 shows a battery tray 1 and an underbody space 1 an electrically powered vehicle for receiving the battery trough 2 , For the sake of simplicity, the representation of the vehicle is here on its lower-side space 1 reduced to accommodate the traction battery. At the bottom-side space are two passive actuators on the long sides 37 for lifting and fixing the battery trough 2 shown. The actors 37 comprise a threaded spindle, a threaded nut positively connected to the threaded spindle and rotatably mounted, and a connected to the threaded nut, pivotable lever. The actor 37 is referred to as passive, since he himself has no motor drive for its operation. Details of the actuator proposed here and its locking are in the 5 ff. explained in more detail.

The actors 37 are operated vertically from the underbody side with a suitable tool. In the battery tray 2 are through holes 15 provided, through which the tool can be introduced to a head of the threaded spindle in the lower space space 1 to grab and transmit over this one generated by an electric motor torque to the threaded spindle. Tool and electric motor are arranged in a changing station, in which the vehicle enters for a battery change. Accordingly, these components do not need to be carried on board the vehicle, thereby saving costs and space.

By turning the threaded spindle with the threaded spindle drivingly coupled levers pull the battery tray 2 in the installation space 1 one, so that the in 2 shown state results.

3 shows a view on one side of the bottom-side space 1 , where no battery tray 2 is installed. Accordingly, they are located on the threaded spindle 3 over the threaded nut attached lever 6 in a relaxed state. The installation space 1 also includes four shots 17 for on the battery tray 2 correspondingly arranged guide pins 16 (please refer 4 ) as well as a socket 19 , which are for inclusion of in 4 illustrated plug 18 are provided. Rifle 19 and plugs 18 cause the electrical connection between the battery and the vehicle. The electrical connection system contacts both the power cables as well as signal lines that transmit state signals from the battery to a vehicle-mounted control and thus allow, for example, condition monitoring of the battery.

4 shows a side view of the battery trough 2 , In addition to the elements already mentioned are on two opposite side surfaces in each case in the vicinity of the corners and just above the surface facing the ground in the form of bolts designed holding means 9 provided in which the levers 6 intervene to the battery tray 2 in the lower-level space 1 to pull and fix him there. Overall, the battery trough includes 2 thus four bolts distributed over the two opposite side surfaces, which interact with vehicle-mounted levers 6 are provided.

5 shows a side view of the in the bottom-side space 1 built-in battery tray 2 , The threaded spindle 3 has the threaded nut attached to it and thus the force application point of the lever 6 each pulled down, leaving the battery tray 2 firmly in the compartment-side space 1 is braced against the bolt.

A detailed representation of advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention is shown in the following figures.

The 6 to 19 show an embodiment of the device according to the invention in various views and positions of the lever provided for bracing the battery trough ( 6 ). In the following, therefore, to describe this first embodiment, reference is made to the aforementioned figures.

6 shows a view from below of said first embodiment of the device according to the invention in a first lever position. 7 shows a cross section through this embodiment, 8th a front view and 9 a supervision.

The device comprises a threaded spindle 3 with a spindle head 4 , Which in a rotational movement about its axis of symmetry with a form-fitting connected and rotatably mounted threaded nut 5 moves in the vertical direction.

The rotary movement is initiated via the spindle head 4 , which forms the mechanical interface to an external actuator and is sealed by a round cord ring not shown here against moisture and dirt. The actuator is preferably designed as an electric motor, whose rotor shaft is coupled drive-proof, in particular via a reduction gear with a tool. The tool has one to the spindle head 4 opposite inner or outer contour so that it can transmit a torque generated by the electric motor to the threaded spindle.

Extern is here as well as in the entire document in relation to the actuator interpreted in such a way that it is not part of the device and thus is not intended to be attached to the battery tray still on the vehicle body. For example, it is part of a change station and therefore does not have to be carried in the vehicle. In contrast to known designs with active alternating systems on the body or battery tray, this saves costs, weight and installation space on board the electric vehicle. At four anchoring points of the battery in the vehicle can be such. B. also four electric motors in the vehicle compared to solutions known from the prior art can be saved.

The threaded nut 5 is directly with the power arm 7 a lever 6 connected. An example of such a direct connection is in 16 and 24 recognizable where the nut is 5 over one pin each 12 on two opposite sides of the nut 5 each with a wing 14 of the power arm 7 of the lever 6 is coupled. There is no further articulated element in the direction of the lever extension. Due to this direct coupling not only space is saved. Rather, the structure shown is particularly reliable and robust due to its simplicity.

The lever 6 has load arm side on a blade-like contour with which he in a designed as a bolt holding means 9 can engage when the threaded nut 5 by appropriate rotation of the threaded spindle 3 moves down and so pivotal movement of the lever 6 in a clockwise direction about the pivot point 8th triggers.

The pivoting movement of the lever 6 and the associated state changes within the device are in the following 10 to 13 recognizable. So shows 10 a view from below of the embodiment according to 6 in a second lever position. 11 shows a cross section, 12 a front view and 13 a plan view of the embodiment in the second lever position. Furthermore, the 14 and 15 the embodiment in the first ( 14 ) and second ( 15 ) Lever position in 3-dimensional form.

It is clearly recognizable that the threaded spindle 3 during the pivotal movement of the lever 6 passing through the threaded nut downwards 5 is initiated, also a slight pivoting movement about the junction between the power arm 7 of the lever 6 with the threaded nut 5 experiences. The orientation of the threaded spindle 3 while remaining substantially vertical, it deviates from an exact vertical by a few degrees, for example not more than 3 degrees, preferably less than 2 degrees.

In 11 is the lever 6 so far pivoted that he engages in the bolt and this against a stop 29 braced. Because threaded nut 5 and levers 6 at a fixed pivot, defined by the in 16 illustrated pin 12 , Are connected and therefore the length of the power arm 7 can not change, the threaded spindle pivots 3 from their vertical clockwise a little off. For this purpose, the spindle head 4 pivoted. It comprises a crowned head support surface 10 , which are in a conically shaped counter surface 11 is stored such that enough pivoting space remains for the lever rotation.

The trained as a bolt holding means 9 is in the in the 10 to 13 and 15 illustrated position of the lever 6 now fully preloaded with the mechanics associated with the threaded spindle-threaded nut lever construction. This mechanism is advantageously formed by the body of the vehicle. That is, said construction is via screws 13 fastened to the vehicle body while the bolt on the battery tray 2 is arranged. The lever 6 lifts the bolt with its blade-like contour. Four levers arranged on the vehicle body 6 so can a battery tray 2 on the underside of the vehicle lift or support at least one initiated from the outside lifting and fix under application of a biasing force.

However, it is also conceivable, the device in the reverse manner on vehicle body and battery tray 2 to distribute. In this case, the bolts are arranged on the body while the threaded spindle-threaded nut lever constructions in a corresponding number on the battery tray 2 are mounted. The lever 6 with its shovel-shaped load arm is in this case rotated by 180 ° to mount, so that the blade of the load arm on top of the bolt engages around the battery tray 2 upwards into the compartment-side space 1 to pull the vehicle.

Furthermore, in the 7 and 11 Detecting locking means, the unwanted rotation of the threaded spindle 3 that would lead to a loss of preload prevent. The same locking mechanism is in the 16 to 19 recognizable.

The spindle head 4 is here made in two parts and includes a first and second headboard 22 . 23 (S. 7 and 11 ). The two headboards 22 . 23 are against each other in the direction of the spindle axis by a prestressed coil spring 30 spaced apart. The securing means initially comprise recesses 20 that in the 16 and 18 are clearly visible. The recesses result from a first head part 22 circumferentially surrounding peripheral teeth. Furthermore, the securing means comprise three locking elements 21 , which are arranged in relation to the peripheral teeth, that in each case in one of the recesses 20 can penetrate.

In 19 is such a locking element 21 shown separately. It has a radial with respect to the spindle head 4 directed bias on a spring element 31 is due. 17 and 18 show a locked state of the spindle head 4 , Here, at least one of the locking elements 21 into a depression 20 penetrated, making it a twist of the spindle head 4 blocked. The three illustrated locking elements 21 are spaced apart such that only one of them penetrates into a recess, while the others rest on teeth of the peripheral teeth and therefore not itself to block the spindle 3 contribute. This is due to the fact that the circumferential distance of the locking elements 21 from an integer multiple of the pitch of the peripheral teeth, ie the circumferential distance of the recesses 20 , deviates. This causes the maximum Vorspannugsverlust, the reverse rotation of the spindle 3 can cause a tightening of the bolt, kept very low. With skillful choice of the distance of the locking elements, the spindle can turn back significantly less than the pitch, before one of the locking elements 21 blocked another rotation.

In the 7 and 11 It can also be seen that the second head part 23 a conically shaped peripheral surface 24 has on its outer circumference. This acts together with a counter-shaped surface 25 on the locking element 21 , To release the lock, a tool on an inner or outer contour of the spindle head 4 stated. In this case, a pressure on the second head part in the direction of the spindle axis 23 of the spindle head 4 exerted, whereby this against the biasing force of the coil spring 30 in the direction of the first headboard 22 is moved. This is where the conically shaped peripheral surface meets 24 of the second header 23 on the oppositely designed surface 25 the locking element 21 , This has the consequence that the locking element 21 from the depression 20 in the radial direction against the force of the spring element 31 is pushed out and thus the rotational movement of the spindle 3 releases.

An alternative embodiment of the locking mechanism is in the 20 to 26 shown. 20 shows a cross section through a device with said locking mechanism, wherein 21 a section through the plane BB and 22 illustrate a section through the plane CC of the embodiment. The spindle head 4 is located in a spindle head housing 33 , which is down from a sleeve 32 is concluded. The second headboard 23 comprises a frontal first toothing 26 that in the 22 and 25 can be seen. The second headboard 23 is opposite the first headboard 22 in the direction of the spindle axis via a coil spring 30 spaced, so that the spur toothing of the second head part 23 against the sleeve 32 suppressed. In the sleeve 32 is a second gearing 27 realized by a vulcanized rubber, the radially further inside with a circumferential sealing bead in the idle state of the spindle 3 the spindle head housing 33 seals against dirt. Will the second headboard 23 pressed with a tool against the spring force, this sealing point is briefly open and the second toothing 27 out of engagement with the first toothing 26 freed. The lock is released and the spindle 3 can be turned.

23 shows a bottom view of the spindle head 4 the embodiment according to 20 in a 3D representation. 25 shows the bottom view of the spindle head 4 , Whose peripheral housing element is hidden. The spindle head 4 includes an outer contour in the form of a triangle 34 to which a corresponding tool can be attached.

27 shows an embodiment of the device with a sensor 35 for detecting the locking state. Via a signal line 36 A signal is sent to a higher-level control, which controls and monitors the lifting and fixing process.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Underbody space of the vehicle

2

battery tray

3

screw

4

spindle head

5

threaded nut

6

lever

7

power arm

8th

crucial point

9

holding means

10

Head contact surface

11

conically shaped counter surface

12

spigot

13

screw

14

wing

15

Through holes

16

guide pins

17

admission

18

plug

19

Rifle

20

wells

21

locking element

22

first headboard

23

second headboard

24

conically shaped peripheral surface

25

counter-shaped peripheral surface

26

first gearing

27

second gearing

28

another locking element

29

attack

30

coil spring

31

spring element

32

shell

33

Spindle head housing

34

triangular

35

sensor

36

signal line

37

actuator

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2009082957 A1 [0004]
• US 20100071979 A1 [0007]

Claims (16)

Device for lifting and fixing a traction battery of an electrically driven vehicle in an under-floor space ( 1 ) of the vehicle, the device comprising • a battery tray ( 2 ) for holding the traction battery, • a threaded spindle ( 3 ) with a spindle head ( 4 ), via which a drive torque from an actuator to the threaded spindle ( 3 ) is transferable, • by a rotational movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) actuatable tensioning means for lifting the battery trough ( 2 ) in the space-side space ( 1 ) and for clamping the battery trough ( 2 ) in the compartment-side space ( 1 ) and • releasable securing means ( 20 . 21 ) to avoid unwanted rotational movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) around the spindle axis. Device according to claim 1, wherein the spindle head 4 a first head part ( 22 ) and a second header ( 23 ) which is biased and displaceable with respect to the first in the direction of the spindle axis and is designed in such a way that it is displaced in the direction of the first head part (FIG. 22 ) against the biasing force the securing means ( 20 . 21 ) unlocked. Device according to claim 2, wherein the securing means ( 20 . 21 ) radially oriented, on the first head part ( 22 ) arranged depressions ( 20 ) and at least one radially movable and radially biased locking element ( 21 ), which at the periphery of the spindle head ( 4 ) is arranged to enter one of the recesses ( 20 ) in the locked state. Device according to claim 3, wherein the depressions ( 20 ) over a substantially equal pitch along the circumference of the first spindle head ( 22 ) are spaced from each other and the securing means a further locking element ( 28 ), which of the first-mentioned locking element ( 21 ) is spaced over a measure which is not equal to the pitch or an integral multiple of the pitch. Device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the second head part ( 23 ) a conically shaped peripheral surface ( 24 ) and the locking element ( 21 ) a counter-designed surface ( 25 ) which in such a way with said peripheral surface ( 24 ) cooperates, that the locking element ( 21 ) in the displacement in the direction of the first head part ( 22 ) against the biasing force from the recess ( 20 ) and thus the spindle head ( 4 ) unlocked. Device according to claim 2, wherein the securing means comprise first and second teeth ( 26 . 27 ), wherein the first toothing ( 26 ) with the second head part ( 22 ) rotatably connected and the second gear is secured against rotation with a threaded spindle housing, wherein the first toothing ( 26 ) by the bias in the locked state positive and axially into the second toothing ( 27 ) intervenes. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tensioning means • one with the threaded spindle ( 3 ) positively connected, movable in the direction of the spindle axis and rotatably mounted threaded nut ( 5 ), • a rotatably mounted lever ( 6 ), whose power arm ( 7 ) with the threaded nut ( 5 ) is directly connected such that a movement of the threaded nut ( 5 ) in the direction of the spindle axis pivotal movement of the lever ( 6 ) around his pivot ( 8th ), and • a holding means ( 9 ) into which the lever ( 6 ) can engage during the pivoting movement to the lifting of the battery tray ( 2 ) in the vehicle and its fixation, have, wherein • the holding means ( 9 ) on the battery tray ( 2 ) and the lever ( 6 ) with the threaded spindle ( 3 ) and the threaded nut ( 4 ) are mounted on the vehicle or • the lever ( 6 ) with the threaded spindle ( 3 ) and the threaded nut ( 5 ) on the battery tray ( 2 ) and the retaining means ( 9 ) is mountable on the vehicle. Device according to claim 7, wherein the holding means ( 9 ) is designed as a bolt. Device according to one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the threaded spindle ( 3 ) has a substantially vertical axis of rotation and the spindle head ( 4 ) has an inner or outer contour over which the threaded spindle ( 3 ) can be rotated by means of an actuator disposed outside the vehicle in rotation. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the lever ( 6 ) with the threaded nut ( 5 ) are connected in a fixed point of attack, so that the force arm ( 7 ) of the lever ( 6 ) during its pivotal movement about the pivot point ( 8th ) of the lever ( 6 ) is constant and where the threaded spindle ( 3 ) is pivotally mounted about the vertical axis of rotation to an extent that one for the pivotal movement of the lever ( 6 ) required pivoting space remains. Device according to claim 10, wherein the threaded spindle ( 3 ) a pivotally mounted spindle head ( 4 ) with a crowned head contact surface ( 10 ), which in a conically shaped counter surface ( 11 ) is stored. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the lever ( 6 ) with the threaded nut ( 5 ) is connected via a sliding seat with a displaceable pivot point, so that the power arm ( 7 ) of the lever ( 6 ) while the pivoting movement undergoes a change in length. Device according to one of the preceding claims, the device comprising a sensor ( 25 ) for detecting a locked position of the battery trough ( 2 ) in the vehicle. Electrically operated vehicle with an installation space accessible on the lower side ( 1 ) for receiving a replaceable traction battery, wherein on the chassis of the vehicle at least three different positions each • a threaded spindle ( 3 ) with a spindle head ( 4 ), via which a drive torque from an actuator to the threaded spindle ( 3 ) is transferable, • by a rotational movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) actuatable clamping means for lifting a battery trough ( 2 ) in the space-side space ( 1 ) and for clamping the battery trough ( 2 ) in the compartment-side space ( 1 ) and • an unlockable safety device to prevent unwanted rotational movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) around the spindle axis. Battery tray ( 2 ) for receiving a traction battery for an electrically driven vehicle, wherein the battery tray ( 2 ) at at least three different positions in each case a threaded spindle ( 3 ) with a spindle head ( 4 ), via which a drive torque from an actuator to the threaded spindle ( 3 ) is transferable, • a by a rotary movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) actuatable clamping means for lifting the battery tray ( 2 ) in the space-side space ( 1 ) and for clamping the battery trough ( 2 ) in the compartment-side space ( 1 ) and • an unlockable safety device to prevent unwanted rotational movement of the threaded spindle ( 3 ) around the spindle axis. Vehicle comprising a battery tray ( 2 ) according to claim 10, wherein on the body of the vehicle in each case a holding means ( 9 ) is mounted per clamping means such that the clamping means with the holding means ( 9 ) for lifting the battery trough ( 2 ) can interact in the vehicle and for fixation.

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