DE1001722B - Circuit arrangement for counting pulses with chain relays for telecommunications, in particular telephone systems - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

In telecommunication systems, especially telephone systems, there are already circuit arrangements «! known, where a smaller number of chain relays is required to count pulses. Ever The smaller the number of relays compared to the number of pulses to be counted, the larger it becomes Naturally, the amount of work involved in relay windings, relay contacts and auxiliary and control switches or additional voltage sources.

There are z. B. arrangements become known in which each relay is assigned a capacitor, the direction determined by a current surge, the relay to respond and by a current surge opposite direction to the waste. For recharging the capacitor to generate the oppositely directed current surge is an additional voltage source in one of the known arrangements necessary. In other known arrangements, the polarity of the capacitor is reversed to the existing voltage source switched on, for which additional contacts of the chain relays or of control relays are needed. Except for the relatively large amount of additional circuitry With such arrangements there are special conditions for the size of the capacitors or for the Length of the impulses, as after the respective relay has responded during a continuous impulse a switching state has already been established which will only take effect with the next pulse to be counted allowed.

The present invention shows a way of reducing the cost of additional auxiliary and Control switching means and avoids the aforementioned disadvantages of known arrangements in that the Chain relays are summarized in two groups, each group are assigned to rectifiers, namely one group in one and the other group in the opposite direction of transmission, and pulses Alternating current direction alternately control relays from each group.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a serves alternately when pulses arrive Direction of charged capacitor as a power source to control the chain relays of all groups. An essential one The advantage of the invention is that only this one capacitor is used to control all the chain relays is required, the size of which can be selected as desired, since after controlling a chain relay the response of a relay belonging to the other group is prevented by the rectifier. One remaining charge of the capacitor can therefore not affect the relay to be controlled during the following current surge affect, even if the pulse to be counted lasts longer.

Circuit arrangement for counting

of pulses with chain relays

for telecommunications, in particular

Telephone systems

Applicant:
Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin and Munich,
Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 4

Walter Villmann, Dipl.-Ing. August Esprester,

and Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Joachim Lurk, Munich,

have been named as inventors

In Figs. 1 to 3 different embodiments of the invention are shown; there are, however only the parts of the chain relay circuits that are essential for the invention are shown. So is z. B. on the Representation of the impulse relay emitting the impulses to the chain relay circuit has been omitted. Only the essential contacts of the relay mentioned are shown.

In FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, chain relay circuits each having four relays Z1 to Z4 are shown, with the aid of which ten pulses can be counted. The voltages for the alternating charging of the capacitor K in different directions is tapped in these arrangements by a voltage divider R 1, R2. Another possibility for charging the capacitor K is shown in FIG. 1c, in which the two voltages are tapped from a transformer Tr with two secondary windings Sa, Sb via rectifiers Ga, Gb. Fig. Id shows a valid contact pyramid for the identification of marking points ml to mlO both for the chain relay circuit according to FIG. 1a and for the chain relay circuit according to FIG.

In Fig. 2a, a chain relay circuit is shown, which makes it possible with the help of four relays Z1 to Z4 to count twelve pulses. The contact pyramid belonging to this arrangement with the marking points m 1 to mVZ is shown in FIG. 2b. As in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, the voltages for the charge reversal of the capacitor K are tapped off by a voltage divider with the resistors R1 and R2.

609 763/101

The arrangement shown in Fig. 3a works with three chain relays Z1 to Z 3 and with two control relays U1 and U2 and enables eight pulses to be counted. As in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1c, the voltages for charging the capacitor K are tapped from a transformer Tr with the secondary windings Sa and Sb via rectifiers Ga and Gb, respectively. The contact pyramid for the circuit of FIG. 3 a is shown in FIG. 3 b.

closes its contact 17s2. A charging circuit corresponding to circuit 1 is thus prepared for capacitor K , which takes effect after the third pulse has ended:

17s2, 2i, 6v, (T) K (2), Zi

221

R2, -.

During the fourth pulse, the capacitor discharges accordingly again in one of the The following is the structure and the current circuit carrying the rectifier Gl:

18s2. 19si, IIZl, 10,

6. (I) K, 6v, 4i, 11, Gl,

Si, K (Z).

There is a reverse winding II in this circuit

way of the arrangements are described in detail:

In the idle state of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 a, the capacitor K is across the contact Iv

one at the beginning of the first pulse through the pulse 15 of the over a holding winding III in the following

relay / switched off delayed relay V circuit holding relay Zl:

shorted. On the representation of the relays / 7 + 20 21 »1 III Z1 10

and V could be omitted as it is known ''"'''

through a pulse relay to deliver pulses to a chain as a result of the discharge current surge through the circuit and a counter-winding II called at the beginning of the first 20 drops the relay Z1 and the pulse switched on relay V so delayed opens its contact 19 21, so that the switch that it only drops again after the last remaining charge of the capacitor has taken effect via the rest pulse of a pulse train, the relay Zl closed contact 22 ζ 1

When the first pulse arrives, that and the winding I of the relay Z3 speak for compensation

Pulse relay / on, opens its contacts 2 i, 3i and 35 comes:

closes its contacts 4 t, 5 t. The relay V speaks _g _ _{(1) RQ} ^ ^ _{n QX lg} " _{2 22} -1 / 23.34 IZ3,

on, opens its contact Iv and closes its Kon- jq g ^ - ^)

bar 6 v. At the contact 6 ν a charge of the '' ^

Prepared capacitor K , which is done after the termination of the fourth pulse for the first pulse. The relay / drops at this 30 renewed charging of the capacitor if on at the time of the current and closes the following charging circuit 3 corresponding circuit closed:

circle:
1. +,

7si, 8s2, 2i, 6v, (I) K (2), Rl

R2,

9. +, Rl,

Zi, (2) K (l), 6v, 2i, 17s2, IZzI, RZ __

35 During the fifth pulse, the Kon-The capacitor K is discharged to the during the capacitor K accordingly again in an over the

The voltage drop across the resistor Rl is charged and, when the second pulse arrives, it is connected to the negative potential (point 10) via the contact 5 i with its negative assignment (2). When the / relay closes for the second time, circuit 1 is interrupted and the positive assignment (1) of capacitor K is connected to pulse line 11 via contact 4i. The following circuit exists for discharging the capacitor:

Rectifier G2 leading circuit:

10. (1) K, 6z /, Ii, 11, G2, 24sl, 25s2, IIZ2, 10, 5 t, Κ (2).

In this circuit there is a reverse winding II of the holding winding III in the following Circuit holding relay Z2:

11. +, 20, 26s2, IIIZ2, 10, -.

As a result of the discharge current surge across the said counter-winding, the relay Z2 drops out and opens below other its contact 25 s 2, so that the remaining charge of the capacitor over the in the idle state of the Re-

2. (1) K, 6 v, 4 t, 11, Gl, 12 s 2, IZl, 10, 5 t, K (2).

In this circuit, the relay Zl responds,
opens among other things its contacts 7si, 13si and 50 lais Z2 closed contact 27s2 and the Wick closes its contacts 14Sl, 15sl. This balances out I of relay Z4: recharge of capacitor K another ^ (I) K 6v 4i 11 G2 24 ^ 1 27s2 IZ4 10

Circuit prepared, which takes effect when the second pulse ends:

3. +, Rl,

Zi, (2) K (1), 6v, 2i, 8s2, 14sl, RZ 222 '

5 t, / C (2).

55 Since the relays Zl and Z 2 have dropped out again, circuit 1 for charging the capacitor K becomes effective 'after the fifth pulse has ended. The described switching processes again - The capacitor K will pick up in this circuit, while the relay Z3 keeps the voltage dropping across the resistor R2 up to the eighth pulse through its winding III: charged and with the action of the third pulse
its positive assignment (2) to the negative point

10 and its negative assignment (1) to the impulse _{When the ac} hten impulse starts, it is straight

line 11 is switched on, so that now em impulse _{either the circuit 6 for the} opposite winding II of the opposite current direction to the chain _{relay 65 R e} i aisZ l closed, so that after the re-switching is released: MsZl a circuit becomes effective in to which the

4. (1) K, 6v, Ai, 11, G 2, 16 si, IZ 2, 10, 5i, K (2). throw winding II of relay Z 3 is:

13. +, 20, 28s3, IIIZ3, 10, -.

In this circuit, the chain relay Z2 responds, opens, among other things, its contact 8 3 2 and

14. (I) K, 6v, 4i, 11, Gl, 18s2, 22sl, 29s4, 30s3, TiZZ, 10, 5i, K (2).

The relay Z 4 remains in a holding circuit running through its winding III and the contact 31 ζ 4 until the end of the last pulse.

From the following table 1 it can be read off which or which of the four relays in the individual Impulses are or will be effective.

Table 1

Pulse energized relay

2 Zl

3 Zl.Z2

4 Z2.Z3

5 Z3.Z4

6 Zl Z3.Z4

7 Z1.Z2.Z3.Z4

8 Z2 Z4

level arrangements. However, the chain allows twelve pulses to be counted.

As in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, none of the chain relays is excited by the first pulse, since the capacitor is short-circuited at contact Iv before the pulse arrives. The capacitor K is only charged after the first pulse has ended in a circuit corresponding to circuit 1:

7 * 1, 8 * 2, 2t, 6p,

15 + 7 * 1, 8 *

_R2

9
0

Zl.

Z4
.Z4

According to the invention, the chain relays shown in FIG. 1 a are combined in two groups Z1, Z 3 and Z2, Z4. A rectifier with a different forward direction is assigned to each group. The group Zl, Z 3 of the rectifier Gl and the group Z2, Z4 of the rectifier G 2. Accordingly, relays from each group are alternately controlled by the pulses of alternating current direction.

According to the invention, a capacitor charged in alternating directions when impulses arrive serves as a current source for controlling the chain relays of both groups. The change in current direction in the charging circuit of the capacitor K is carried out by the first relays Zl and Z2 of both groups.

The same applies to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 b, which differs from the arrangement already described essentially only in that two contacts 3 i and Si of the pulse relay / and the holding windings of the relays Zl and Z3 have been saved.

Due to the saving of the contacts of the pulse relay, in this embodiment the point 10 is no longer connected directly to negative potential, but to the center tap of the voltage divider RX, R2 . One winding each of the relays Z1 and Z 3 can be saved in that the response windings of the said relays are used as holding windings at the same time.

Otherwise, the overview given in Table 1 applies to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1b about the mode of operation of the individual chain relays.

In * of FIG. 1 c, a different supply for the charging circuits of the capacitor K , which is conceivable both in connection with the chain circuit of FIG. 1 a and in connection with that of FIG. 1 b, is shown. Depending on the position of the contacts of the relays Zl and Z2, the charging voltage is tapped from one of the two secondary windings Sa and Sb of the transformer Tr via the rectifiers Ga and Gb. The resistors R3 and J? 4 serve as protective resistors. The points labeled 10, 11 and 20 correspond to points 10, 11 and 20 of FIGS. 1 a and 1 b.

The contact pyramid shown in FIG. 1 d applies both to the chain circuit of FIG. 1 a as also for those of Fig. 1 b. Via a contact of the pulse relay and contacts of the relays Zl to Z 4 the point corresponding to the number of pulses counted.

The operation of the chain circuit shown in Fig. 2a corresponds to that of the already described Rl

At the beginning of the second pulse, the relay Zl is made to respond by the discharge current of the capacitor K:

16. (I) K, 6v, 4 «, 11, Gl, 12z2, IZl, 10, K (2).

The opposite charging of the capacitor

takes place after the end of the second pulse in

such a circuit corresponding to circuit 3:

(2) K (I), 6v, 2i, 8 * 2, UzI, R3

17. +, RX,

R2

At the beginning of the third pulse, the relay Z2 is triggered by the discharge current of the capacitor K :

18. (I) K, 6v, 4i, 11, G2, 16 * 1, IZ2, 32 * 3, 10, K (2).

As can be seen from a comparison of circuits 1 to 4 with circuits 15 to 18, they correspond the processes in the arrangement of FIG. 2 a those of the arrangement of FIG. 1 a.

However, there is an essential difference in the grouping of the relays. The group to which the rectifier G1 is assigned only includes the relay Zl, while the relay Z3 was included in the other group. Accordingly, the relay Z 3 does not pick up immediately after the relay Zl drops out during the fourth pulse, but rather only with the fifth pulse. Since the relay Zl is not energized, after the short circuit of the winding I of the relay Z4 at contact 32 * 3 has opened, the relay Z4 can no longer respond during the fifth pulse.

A circuit for relay Z4 is not closed until the seventh pulse. This is the possibility given to count twelve with the same effort instead of ten pulses. Through appropriate It is shifting of the relays within the groups or by changing the group classification possible to count sixteen pulses with a chain relay circuit consisting of four chain relays.

From the following table 2 it can be read off which or which of the four relays in the individual Impulses are or will be effective.

Table 2
Pulse energized relay

1
2 Zl

3 Zl.Z2

4 Z2

5 Z3

6 Zl Z3

7 Z1.Z2.Z3.Z4

8 Z2.Z3.Z4

9 Z4

10 Zl Z4

11 Zl.Z2 Z4

12 Z2 Z4

In Fig. 2 b is the chain relay switching to the Fig. 2 a corresponding contact pyramid is shown. Twelve different, points corresponding to the counted pulses are marked one after the other.

The derailleur shown in Fig. 3a works on a poor principle like that already described arrangements. The number of relays is larger than that of the chain circuits Fig. 1 a, 1 b and 2 a, however, the contact count Each individual relay can be kept to a minimum, allowing for the daisy chain connection Small relay can be used.

As in Fig. 1c, a transformer Tr with the secondary windings Sa and Sb serves as a power source for the different polarity charging of the capacitor K. The voltages rectified via rectifiers Ga and Gb are connected to the capacitor via contacts of the counting relays as in the other exemplary embodiments . In this arrangement, however, in contrast to the other exemplary embodiments, the contacts of all chain relays Z1 to Z 3 are involved in switching over the voltages. When the first pulse arrives, the capacitor K is charged:

19. +, RI, 41 ζ 1, 42 i, (1) K (2), earth.

When the first pulse ends, it discharges in a circuit running through the rectifier G1 and the winding I of the relay Zl, while the rectifier G 3 prevents the following relays from responding:

20. (I) K ₃ 43 i, 11, 44 2 2, Gl, IZl, 10, K (2).

In the third pulse pause, relay Z 3 responds:

26. (I) K, 43 i, 11, 51 s2, G 4, GIl, IZ3, 10, K (2).

Simultaneously with the switchover to the winding Sb at contact 54 s3, the rectifier G 4 at contact 55 s 3 is bridged and a self-holding circuit is closed at contact 56 £ 3:

27. +, 20, 47 ul, 56.s3, IIZ3, 10, earth.

During the fourth pulse, the capacitor on the winding Sb of the transformer Tr is recharged:

28.—, 223, 54s3, 5022, 45si, 42%, (I) K (2), earth.

During the pause between the fourth and fifth pulse, the relay Ul responds:

29. (1) K, 43 i, 11, 51 s2, 55 s 3, G12, IUl, 10, K (2).

At its contact 47 u 1 it opens the holding circuits 21, 24 and 27 of the relays Zl to Z 3 and closes a self-holding circuit at contact 57 ul:

30. +, 20, 57Ml, II Ul, 10, earth.

At the beginning of the fifth pulse, since the relays Z1 to Z3 are switched off , the capacitor K is charged again in the circuit 19. At the same time, a circuit for relay U 2 is closed at contact 58 «:

II L / l

58 i, IC / 2

10, earth.

The relay Zl opens its contact 41 si and closes its contacts 45 s 1, 46 si. The circuit for charging capacitor K is switched from winding Sa to winding Sb of transformer Tr at contacts 41 si and 45si. A holding circuit for relay Zl is closed at contact 46 s 1:

21. +, 20, 47 «1, 46si, IIZl, 10, earth.

At the beginning of the second pulse, the capacitor is charged again, but in the opposite direction Polarity:

22.—, A3, 48s2, 45sl, 42i, (1) 2? (2), Earth.

The discharge circuit for the capacitor K , which is closed in the following pulse pause at the contact 43 i , runs via the rectifiers G 2 and G 3, while the rectifier G 4, lying in the reverse direction, prevents the relays Z 3 and Ul from responding. The relay Z 2 is switched on:

23. (I) K, 43 i, 11, G3, 49s3, G2, IZ2, 10, K (2).

By opening its contact 48s2 and closing its contact 50 s 2, the relay Z 2 prepares the renewed connection of the capacitor K to the winding Sa of the transformer Tr . The rectifier G 3 is bridged at contact 51s 2 and a self-holding circuit is closed at contact 52s 2:

24. +, 20, 47 ul, 52s2, IIZ2, 10, earth.

During the next pulse, the capacitor is charged in one of the circuit 19 corresponding circuit:

25. +, 2? 4, 53s3, 50s2, 45si, 42 i, (I) K (2), earth.

The contact 59 11 2 bridges the contact 58 ί and thus prepares a self-holding circuit for the relay U 2 . Via the contact 60 and 2 , the holding circuits for the relays Zl to Z 3 are effective one after the other during the following pulse pauses.

The switching processes already described are repeated after the relay f / 2 has responded, and the Circuits for charging and discharging the capacitor become effective again one after the other.

The following table 3 shows the mode of operation of the derailleur shown in Fig. 3:

Table 3

Pulse energized relay

2 Zl

3 Zl.Z2

4 Z1.Z2.Z3

5 L / l.172

6 Zl ul. L / g

7 Zl.Z2 Ul. L / 2

8 Z1.Z2.Z3.L / 1.L / 2

Compared to FIGS. 1 a, 1 b and 2 a has, as already executed, Fig. 3a has the advantage that small relays can be used. Each relay only has two windings, and the contact load is relatively low. The counting chain can be done without further expand for counting more than eight pulses. For every two further pulses to be counted all that is needed is a relay.

65

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Circuit arrangement for telecommunications, especially for telephone systems for counting η pulses through a smaller number of chain relays, characterized in that the Chain relays in two groups (Zl, ZZ and Z2, Z4 or Zl, Z2 and ZZ, Ul) are combined, each group of rectifiers (Gl and G2 or Gl, GIl and G2, G12) are assigned to one group in the one and the other group in the opposite forward direction, and pulses of alternating current direction alternately control relays (one relay or several) from each group. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a capacitor (K) charged in alternating directions when pulses arrive is used as a power source for controlling the chain relays (Zl to Z4 or Zl to ZZ and XJl) of both groups. 3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that a control relay (V) responsive to the first incoming pulse prepares the charge of the capacitor (K) , which takes place after the end of this current surge. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the current direction change in the charging circuit of the capacitor (K) is carried out by the chain relay (z. B. Zl, Z2 or Zl, Z 2, ZZ) . 5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the current direction change is carried out by the first relay of both groups (Zl, Z 2). 6. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the voltages required for charging the capacitor (K) in alternating directions are tapped at the resistors (Rl, R2) of a voltage divider. 7. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the voltages required for charging the capacitor in alternating directions are taken from the secondary windings (Sa, Sb) of a transformer (Tr) . For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings © 609 768/101 1.57