CN221325885U

CN221325885U - Temperature-controllable gear performance testing device

Info

Publication number: CN221325885U
Application number: CN202323271013.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏良瑶; 张志宏; 赵栋杰; 陈炳奎; 张振北; 徐晓
Original assignee: Hangzhou Bensong New Materials Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Bensong New Materials Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-12-01
Filing date: 2023-12-01
Publication date: 2024-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-01

Abstract

The application discloses a temperature-controllable gear performance testing device which comprises a base, a rotating shaft rotationally connected with the base, and a gear fixed on the rotating shaft, wherein the rotating shaft comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the gear comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the temperature-controllable gear performance testing device further comprises a cover plate, a testing cavity is formed by the base and the cover plate, the gear is arranged in the testing cavity, a lubricating medium is arranged in the testing cavity, the cover plate is provided with a heating rod and a temperature sensor, and the heating rod and the temperature sensor extend into the lubricating medium. Compared with the prior art, the application has simple structure and is convenient for selecting different lubricating mediums (such as air in the test cavity or additionally added liquid lubricating medium) to test the performance of the gear. Compared with the prior art, the base is provided with a plurality of pipelines for introducing lubricating media, the scheme has the advantages of simple structure and no complex pipeline design, and can directly heat the air in the test cavity to carry out simulation test.

Description

Temperature-controllable gear performance testing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of gear performance testing, and particularly relates to a temperature-controllable gear performance testing device.

Background

Generally, the metal gear has high hardness, relatively high processing precision and can keep good tooth surface matching, and the influence of the performances such as tooth breaking force, surface roughness and the like on the metal gear is relatively low in importance degree compared with the influence of other factors. However, due to the problems of molding shrinkage, difficult control of surface roughness and the like in the plastic material processing process, compared with a metal gear, the plastic gear is more critical in the influence of the material, tooth breaking force, surface roughness and the like on the service condition and service life of the plastic gear. Based on the above, it is necessary to test various performances of the plastic gear to determine whether the plastic gear meets the use requirement, and a reasonable plastic gear performance evaluation method needs to be established so as to evaluate the influence of different formulations, molding processes and the like of the plastic gear on the gear performance.

In the prior art, a single performance test method of a specific metal gear is generally adopted, and compared with the metal gear, the plastic gear is more important to influence on the gear operation due to the physical and chemical characteristics of the material of the plastic gear. In addition, the method for testing the service life of the gear in the actual use structure is complex in actual structure, influence factors are difficult to uniformly control, the maintenance and replacement cost of the testing mechanism is high, the gear with a specific structure is inconvenient to replace, the testing method is difficult to popularize in a standardized manner, in addition, the testing temperature is difficult to control accurately, and the change of the performance and the service life of the gear under different temperature working conditions are difficult to study.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome one of the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gear performance testing device with simple structure and controllable temperature, which is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a controllable gear capability test device of temperature, includes the base, rotates the pivot of being connected with the base and is fixed in epaxial gear, and the pivot includes driving shaft and driven shaft, and the gear includes driving wheel and driven wheel, and driving wheel and driven wheel correspond respectively and locate on driving shaft, the driven shaft, still include the apron, the base forms the test chamber with the apron, the gear sets up in the test chamber, the test intracavity is equipped with lubricating medium, the apron is equipped with heating rod and temperature sensor, heating rod and temperature sensor go deep into in the lubricating medium.

Optionally, the base is detachably connected with the cover plate.

Optionally, the lubricating medium comprises a gas or a liquid.

Optionally, the junction of the rotating shaft positioned at the inner side of the test cavity and the base is sealed by a high-temperature-resistant oil seal.

Optionally, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the base through a high-temperature-resistant precision bearing.

Optionally, a heat insulation board is arranged outside the test cavity, and the heat insulation board is fixed on the outer sides of the base and the cover plate.

Compared with the prior art, the application has simple structure and is convenient for selecting different lubricating mediums (such as air in the test cavity or additionally added liquid lubricating medium) to test the performance of the gear. Compared with the prior art, the base is provided with a plurality of pipelines for introducing lubricating media, the scheme has the advantages of simple structure and no complex pipeline design, and can directly heat the air in the test cavity to carry out simulation test.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gear performance detecting apparatus according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the disassembly of the rotating shaft and the gear structure according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wheel axle and a part of the related structure according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the adjusting block and the bolt according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting block in embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the limit stop according to embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a part of related structures of the gear performance detecting device structure according to embodiment 2;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a gear performance detecting apparatus according to embodiment 3;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a gear performance detecting apparatus according to embodiment 4;

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a fixing base and a part of a related structure according to embodiment 4;

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a gear performance detecting apparatus according to embodiment 5;

FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of a fixing base and a part of the fixing base according to embodiment 5;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing base in embodiment 5;

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dial gauge and a fixing plate according to embodiment 5;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the fixing plate and dial indicator of embodiment 5;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a pad structure according to embodiment 5.

In the drawings, reference numerals are: base 1, heat insulating plate 101, fixed base 102, guide pillar 1021, adjusting nut 1022, base fixing hole 1023, movable base 103, guide sleeve 1031, counter bore 1032, base sliding groove 1033, cushion column 104, positioning column 105, fixing screw 106, rotation shaft 2, connection end 201, first portion 2011, second portion 2012, third portion 2013, boss 2014, bearing 202, backing plate 203, bushing 204, adjusting block 205, mounting groove 2051, first blocking portion 2052, second blocking portion 2053, shaft cavity 2054, first adjusting hole 2055, bolt 206, planar bearing 207, limit stop 208, second adjusting hole 2081, stop fixing hole 2082, planar bearing groove 2083, gear 3, cover plate 4, heating rod 401, temperature sensor 402, fixing plate 5, fixing through hole 501, mounting hole 5011, positioning hole 5012, limit hole 502, pressing block 503, pressing 5031, 504, cutting nut 5041, blocking portion 5043, arc groove 5042, dial gauge 6.

Description of the embodiments

The following examples are provided to illustrate the embodiments of the present application in detail, but the embodiments of the present application are not to be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present application, and any insubstantial changes such as replacement of common technical solutions in the art by using the technical solutions described in the examples of the present application are included in the scope of the present application.

The terms "first," "second," and the like herein do not denote a sequential order, but rather are merely names distinct, unless otherwise specified.

Unless otherwise specified, the term "fixed" or "fixedly connected" in the present application is used in a broad sense as to position fixing, and the related components may be detachably fixed, or may be integrally formed as required.

Example 1

The device for testing performance of the gear 3 shown in fig. 1 to 7 comprises a base 1, a rotating shaft 2 rotatably connected with the base 1, and the gear 3 arranged on the rotating shaft 2, wherein the rotating shaft 2 is of a ladder structure and sequentially comprises a first part 2011, a second part 2012 and a third part 2013, the first part 2011 and the second part 2012 are arranged on two sides of the base 1, a convex part 2014 is arranged at the joint of the second part 2012 and the third part 2013, the gear 3 is fixed at the position of the convex part 2014, and the third part 2013 penetrates through the base 1; the tail end of the third part 2013 is provided with an adjusting block 205, the adjusting block 205 is directly or indirectly fixed with the base 1, the adjusting block 205 is provided with a bolt 206 or a screw hole, the tail end of the corresponding third part 2013 is provided with a screw hole or a bolt 206, the distance from the gear 3 to the adjusting block 205 is adjusted through the cooperation of the bolt 206 and the screw hole, and then the displacement of the rotating shaft 2 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft is enabled, the convex part 2014 drives the gear 3 to move, and the position of the gear 3 is accurately adjusted.

In this solution, the adjusting block 205 is provided with a bolt 206 or a screw hole, and the end of the corresponding third portion 2013 is provided with a screw hole or a bolt 206, including but not limited to the following several solutions: the adjusting block 205 is provided with a bolt 206 (or a column structure with an external thread structure) which is matched with a screw hole at the end part of the corresponding rotating shaft 2; the adjusting block 205 is provided with a counter bore 1032, and the bolt 206 is matched with a screw hole at the end part of the corresponding rotating shaft 2 through the counter bore 1032; the end part of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a bolt 206, and the adjusting block 205 is provided with internal threads; the end of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a bolt 206, the adjusting block 205 is provided with a through hole, and the bolt 206 is matched with a nut or other internal thread structural members through the through hole. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the bolt 206 and the screw hole may also adopt other manners capable of being used or adjusted by matching the structure to increase or decrease the fixed distance between the gear 3 and the adjusting block 205, which are all equivalent to the technical features of the present application, and are within the scope of the present application.

In this embodiment, the engagement of the bolt 206 with a threaded hole (not shown) includes loosening and tightening. In other embodiments, the displacement of the bolt 206 in both the screwing and unscrewing directions need not be limited, and the maximum displacement position of the bolt 206 need only be limited in one case when screwing or unscrewing. For example, when the adjusting block 205 is provided with the bolt 206, the end of the corresponding third portion 2013 is provided with a screw hole: the maximum displacement position of the bolt 206 is limited when the gear 3 is screwed, and the gear 3 can be fixed at a certain accurate position through the resistance of the rotating shaft 2 matched with the rotating connecting mechanism (such as the bearing 202) of the base 1 or through the resistance of an elastic gasket; alternatively, the maximum displacement position of the bolt 206 may be defined when unscrewing, and the maximum position when screwing may be further defined by the connection between the first portion 2011 and the second portion 2012, that is, the displacement range of the gear 3 may be precisely defined, and any position within the displacement range may be stably located. In other embodiments, the displacement of the bolt 206 in both the screwing and unscrewing directions may be defined, including displacement in one of the directions directly or indirectly by the base plate.

In this embodiment, the connection end 201 of the rotating shaft 2 is disposed on the first portion 2011, and can be connected with a coupling, through which torsion is applied to the rotating shaft 2, or can be connected with a detection and analysis instrument through the connection end 201, so as to measure data such as torsion.

In this embodiment, a screw hole is formed at the end of the rotating shaft 2, a bolt 206 is disposed on the adjusting block 205, a first blocking portion 2052 is disposed on the adjusting block 205, when the bolt 206 is screwed with the screw hole, the first blocking portion 2052 abuts against the cup head of the bolt 206, the rotating shaft 2 is displaced toward the adjusting block 205, and the maximum distance of displacement along this direction is limited by the connection between the first portion 2011 and the second portion 2012.

In this embodiment, the adjusting block 205 is further provided with a second blocking portion 2053, when the bolt 206 is unscrewed from the screw hole, the second blocking portion 2053 abuts against the cup head of the bolt 206, so that the rotating shaft 2 is displaced in a direction opposite to the adjusting block 205, and the maximum distance of displacement in this direction is limited by a preset stroke of the bolt 206.

In this embodiment, the adjusting block 205 includes a mounting groove 2051, a first blocking portion 2052, and a second blocking portion 2053, the bolt 206 is disposed in the mounting groove 2051, and a cup head of the bolt 206 is disposed between the first blocking portion 2052 and the second blocking portion 2053, so as to define a position of the bolt 206.

In this embodiment, the adjusting block 205 further includes a first adjusting hole 2055 that matches the cup head of the bolt 206, and the screwing or unscrewing of the bolt 206 is adjusted through the first adjusting hole 2055.

In this embodiment, the adjusting block 205 includes an axial cavity 2054, which is matched with the end of the third portion 2013, so as to facilitate the accurate positioning of the bolt 206 and the screw hole.

In this embodiment, the outer end of the adjusting block 205 is further provided with a limit stop 208, and the limit stop 208 is fixed with the base 1, so as to indirectly fix the adjusting block 205 on the base 1 in a pressing manner. The limit stop 208 is arranged on one hand, so that the adjusting block 205 is indirectly fixed with the base 1, and the other end of the adjusting block 205 can be directly fixed with the rotating shaft 2, thereby indicating a fixing mode of the adjusting block 205; on the other hand, the adjusting block 205 can be pre-tightened, and the accuracy of the adjusting block 205 during adjustment is improved. In other embodiments, the bump stop 208 may not be included.

In other embodiments, the adjustment block 205 and the limit stop 208 may be of unitary construction. If the adjusting block 205 has a part of structure, the adjusting block is directly or indirectly fixed with the base 1. The limit stop 208 and the adjustment block 205 serve as a minimum functional unit defining the position of the bolt 206. The splitting and merging do not affect the function implementation. Those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual needs.

In this embodiment, the limit stop 208 is provided with a second adjusting hole 2081 matching with the cup head of the bolt 206, and the screwing or unscrewing of the bolt 206 is adjusted through the second adjusting hole 2081. The limit stop 208 is fixed to the base 1 through the stop fixing hole 2082, and in this embodiment, is fixed to the base 1 through the pad 203, and in other embodiments, may be directly fixed to the base 1.

In this embodiment, a flat bearing groove 2083 is further provided in the area of the limit stop 208 facing the adjusting block 205, and the flat bearing 207 is disposed between the flat bearing 207 groove and the adjusting block 205. The arrangement of the plane bearing 207 can reduce friction with the limit stop 208 in the adjusting process of the adjusting block 205, and the adjustment is more convenient.

In this embodiment, the gear 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2 through the bushing 204 and the protruding part 2014 in a matching manner, and the other end of the bushing 204 indirectly abuts against the base 1 through the bearing 202. In other embodiments, it is also possible to directly rest against the base 1. In other embodiments, the gear 3 may be directly fixed to the boss 2014 by a nut method without the bushing 204.

In this embodiment, the bushing 204 is an elastic member sleeved on the rotating shaft 2. In other embodiments, a resilient gasket is provided directly or indirectly between the bushing 204 and the base 1.

Example 2

The gear 3 performance detecting device shown in fig. 8 is otherwise identical to the embodiment 1, except that the device comprises a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, wherein the driving wheel and the driven wheel are correspondingly arranged, one or two of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are the rotating shaft 2, and one or two of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are the gear 3. That is, one or two of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are designed for the rotating shaft 2 in the scheme, and other driving shafts or driven shafts which are not included can adopt conventional structures without influencing the solution of the technical problems in the application, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be correspondingly designed in the same way. The driving wheel and the driven wheel can be made of plastic materials or metal materials and are used for researching the performance under different working conditions. In this embodiment, the driving shaft, the driven shaft, the driving wheel and the driven wheel all adopt the structural design of this scheme. The structure is unified, and the operation and maintenance are simple. In this embodiment, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are both in a structure of a rotating shaft 2, and the corresponding driving wheel and driven wheel are both in a structure of a gear 3, so that a person skilled in the art can select other schemes according to actual requirements.

Example 3

The device for detecting the performance of the gear 3 shown in fig. 9 has the same other structure as that of the embodiment 2, except that in this embodiment, the device further comprises a cover plate 4, the base 1 and the cover plate 4 form a test cavity, the gear 3 is disposed in the test cavity, and the base 1 and the cover plate 4 are detachably connected. The cover plate 4 prevents the lubricant in the test chamber from splashing or the gear 3 from breaking off fragments.

In this embodiment, a lubrication medium (not shown in the drawing) is disposed in the test chamber, and the cover plate 4 is provided with a heating rod 401 and a temperature sensor 402, and the heating rod 401 and the temperature sensor 402 extend into the lubrication medium. The heating rod 401 and the temperature sensor 402 are arranged on the cover plate 4, and when a lubricating medium is not needed or a testing environment for heating the lubricating medium is not needed, the cover plate 4 can be directly removed, so that the usability is further expanded. The performance test of the gear 3 at different operating temperatures can be realized. The lubricating medium is arranged in the testing cavity, so that the influence of different lubricating mesons on the wear resistance of the gear 3 can be tested.

In this embodiment, the lubricating medium includes a gas or a liquid, for example, the air in the test chamber is directly used as the medium for heating.

In this embodiment, the base 1 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 2 through a bearing 202, and a connection part between the rotating shaft 2 located inside the test cavity and the base 1 is sealed through a high temperature resistant oil seal, and the bearing 202 is a high temperature resistant precision bearing 202. The high-temperature-resistant precision bearing 202 ensures that the two rotating shafts 2 rotate stably, and the center distance accords with the tolerance. The arrangement of the high-temperature-resistant oil seal can avoid leakage of lubricating medium.

In this embodiment, the test chamber is provided with the heat insulation board 101 outside for temperature and contact scald prevention, energy loss reduction, and safety improvement. The heat insulating plate 101 is fixed to the outer sides of the base 1 and the cover 4.

Example 4

The gear 3 performance detecting device shown in fig. 10 and 11 is not specifically shown in detail in fig. 10, but is merely an example. Other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2, except that in this embodiment, the base 1 includes a fixed base 102 and a movable base 103, a guide pillar 1021 is fixedly disposed on the fixed base 102, and the movable base 103 adjusts the distance between the fixed base 102 and the movable base 103 through the guide pillar 1021, so as to adjust the meshing center distance between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

In this embodiment, a guide sleeve 1031 is disposed in the movable base 103 in an interference fit manner, and the guide post 1021 is movably connected with the movable base 103 through the guide sleeve 1031.

In this embodiment, the fixed base 102 is provided with a threaded hole (not shown), the movable base 103 is provided with a counter bore 1032 at a corresponding position, and the adjusting nut 1022 is matched with the threaded hole through the counter bore 1032 to adjust and define the distance between the fixed base 102 and the movable base 103.

In this embodiment, a cushion column 104 is further disposed between the fixed base 102 and the movable base 103, the cushion column 104 is sleeved on the adjusting nut 1022, and the cushion column 104 is a cushion column 104 with a variable center distance. The cushion column 104 can limit the relative movement of the movable base 103 toward the fixed base 102, and more accurately control the distance between the fixed base 102 and the movable base 103.

In this embodiment, the base 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 2 through a bearing 202, and the side surface of the bearing 202 is fixed to the base 1 through a pad 203. The supporting force of the side surface of the bearing 202 is enhanced so as to more firmly and precisely adjust the movement of the gear 3 along the direction of the rotating shaft 2, and the stability in the test process is also improved.

In this embodiment, the base fixing hole 1023 is used for fixing the fixed base 102, the base chute 1033 is a slot-shaped through hole structure, and the movable base 103 is fixed, wherein the fixing component can move in the base chute 1033, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the movable base 103.

Example 5

The gear 3 performance detection device as shown in fig. 12 to 17, the gear structure of fig. 12 and 13 is not specifically shown in detail, and is merely an example. Other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2, except that in this embodiment, a fixing plate 5 is detachably disposed on the base 1, a fixing through hole 501 is formed in the fixing plate 5, the dial indicator 6 penetrates the measuring probe into the measuring position on the gear 3 through the fixing through hole 501, a pressing block 503 is fixedly disposed on the side surface of the fixing plate 5, a pressing nut 5031 directly or indirectly abuts against the dial indicator 6 through the pressing block 503 and a limiting hole 502, and the limiting hole 502 is communicated with the fixing through hole 501. The replaceable gear 3 runout testing component (comprising a fixing plate 5, a dial indicator 6, a pressing block 503, a compression nut 5031 and other structures) can test the change condition of the gear 3 before and after the gear 3 is tested under the condition of not dismantling the gear 3 so as to evaluate the abrasion condition of the gear 3. In this embodiment, the fixing plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole 5011 and a positioning hole 5012, so that the fixing plate 5 is fixed on the base 1.

In this embodiment, a spacer block 504 is further disposed in the limiting hole 502, and the compression nut 5031 abuts against the position of the dial indicator 6 in the fixing through hole 501 through the spacer block 504. The position of the dial indicator 6 in the test process can be further limited, and the deviation or the error of the test result caused by the displacement of the dial indicator 6 in the test process can be prevented.

In this embodiment, the spacer 504 includes a blocking portion 5043, where the blocking portion 5043 is used to limit the spacer 504 to penetrate into the maximum position of the limiting hole 502, so as to prevent the pressing nut 5031 from pressing the spacer 504 into the limiting hole 502 by mistake when the dial indicator 6 is not located in the fixing through hole 501, which results in difficult removal. The cushion block 504 further comprises a tangent plane 5041 and an arc-shaped groove 5042, the shape of the limiting hole 502 is matched with the tangent plane 5041, the installation position and the installation angle of the cushion block 504 are limited, the direction of the arc-shaped groove 5042 can be further limited by the arrangement of the tangent plane 5041, and therefore the arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped groove 5042 after installation can be directly matched with the arc-shaped structure of the dial indicator 6, and the stability of fixing the dial indicator 6 is improved.

In this embodiment, the fixing plate 5 is fixed to the base 1 by the positioning posts 105 and the fixing screws 106. In other embodiments, other means of fixation, such as a snap-fit structure, are also possible, all falling within the equivalent features of the present solution.

It should be noted that, the components and names used in the above embodiments may be selected or replaced by those skilled in the art according to the requirements without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a controllable gear capability test device of temperature, includes the base, rotates the pivot of being connected with the base and is fixed in epaxial gear, and the pivot includes driving shaft and driven shaft, and the gear includes driving wheel and driven wheel, and driving wheel and driven wheel correspond respectively and locate on driving shaft, the driven shaft, its characterized in that still includes the apron, the base forms the test chamber with the apron, the gear sets up in the test chamber, be equipped with the lubricating medium in the test chamber, the apron is equipped with heating rod and temperature sensor, heating rod and temperature sensor go deep into in the lubricating medium.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the base is removably connected to the cover.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lubrication medium comprises a gas or a liquid.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the connection between the spindle and the base inside the test chamber is sealed by a high temperature resistant oil seal.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shaft is rotatably coupled to the base by a high temperature resistant precision bearing.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the test chamber is externally provided with a heat shield, the heat shield being secured to the outside of the base and cover.