CN215018429U

CN215018429U - Novel femoral head extractor

Info

Publication number: CN215018429U
Application number: CN202120210321.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨杰; 孟晓琳; 刘晓东; 王晓光; 许光辉; 刘九龙; 姚尧; 陈贝; 王峰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-25
Filing date: 2021-01-25
Publication date: 2021-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-25

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel femoral head extractor, which relates to the technical field of medical instruments and solves the technical problems that the femoral head extractor is difficult to screw and is difficult to screw partially, the utility model comprises a hollow drill bit, a guide pin and a supporting structure, wherein the hollow drill bit is internally provided with the guide pin which is sleeved outside the hollow drill bit, the hollow drill bit is provided with a handle, a connecting rod and a conical head, the hollow drill bit is provided with a hollow cavity along the axis thereof, the hollow cavity completely runs through the handle, the connecting rod and the conical head, the guide pin is inserted into the hollow cavity, the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively the handle and the conical head, the conical head is provided with an external thread, one end of the guide pin is provided with a following needle, the other end is provided with a knob, and the conical head and the following needle are positioned in the same end direction; a reason hip joint replacement operation volume for femoral head necrosis etc. is huge, and the operation process all has the femoral head to conveniently take out, the utility model has the advantages of twist the direction, twist the degree of depth and obtain the guarantee and twist the position and do not take place the skew.

Description

Novel femoral head extractor

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, concretely relates to novel femoral head extractor for reasons such as femoral head necrosis hip joint replacement operation volume is huge, and the operation process all has the femoral head to conveniently take out.

Background

At present, artificial total hip joint replacement and artificial femoral head replacement are the most effective means for treating final stage pathological changes of hip joints, in the operation process, the pathological femoral head needs to be taken out and implanted into the artificial hip joint, and the pathological femoral head is often difficult to take out in the operation process due to the protection of peripheral soft tissues and ligaments and proliferation and hardening.

Taking out the femoral head is an important step in the artificial hip joint replacement operation of femoral neck fracture, and the existing method is to use a T-shaped handle with a screw head, commonly called a head taking device, to beat and then enter the femoral head, then to rotate the T-shaped handle, to screw the screw head into the femoral head by using the screw thread of the screw head, and then to rotate the T-shaped handle to take out the femoral head. However, the thread head of the head extractor of the femoral head has insufficient conical holding force, the femoral head is spongy bone, and the friction force between the femoral head extractor and the femoral head is insufficient, so that the femoral head cannot be firmly held, the femoral head cannot be extracted smoothly at one time, the femoral head can be extracted only by repeated operation, the operation time of minutes is wasted, and sometimes even the acetabular cartilage and the bone are damaged because the head extractor is not placed at a good position.

The amount of hip joint replacement operations is huge every year due to femoral neck fracture, femoral head necrosis and the like. But the femoral head is taken out in the operation process. In particular to the femoral neck fracture operation of old people, the femoral head is often difficult to take out. Since the traditional femoral head extractor needs to be screwed in after the hammer is knocked. The stump of the femoral head often rotates and slides in the acetabulum, so that the femoral head extractor is difficult to screw in and is twisted off, and the femoral head is failed to split when the femoral head is pulled out. The size of the implanted artificial femoral head is difficult to accurately evaluate when the femoral head is not completely taken out. The clinical treatment often delays the femoral head to be taken out, and when some cleaved femoral heads cannot be taken out, the femoral heads have to be taken out by adopting a head-breaking method.

The improvement of a special femoral head extractor is urgently needed to be clinically designed, the screwing-in direction of the femoral head extractor can be guaranteed, one-time success can be guaranteed under direct vision, the femoral head extractor can be locked with an acetabulum when necessary, and a drill bit is opened, so that the femoral head is easy and convenient to extract.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a: in order to solve the problem that the existing femoral head extractor is difficult to screw in and is inclined to one side, the utility model provides a novel femoral head extractor.

The utility model discloses a realize above-mentioned purpose and specifically adopt following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel femoral head extractor, includes hollow drill bit, guide pin, bearing structure, hollow drill bit is inside to be put the guide pin, bearing structure cover is established hollow drill bit's outside, hollow drill bit have handle, connecting rod and conical head, hollow drill bit is opened along its axis has hollow chamber, hollow chamber run through completely in handle, connecting rod and conical head, the guide pin inserts hollow intracavity, the both ends of connecting rod are handle and conical head respectively, and the conical head has the external screw thread, the one end of guide pin has the needle of following, and the other end has the knob, the conical head with it is located same one end direction to follow the needle.

The guide pin is provided with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is located in the middle of the guide pin and is connected with the knob and the following needle, and scale marks are marked on the connecting rod in the direction close to the knob.

The oil grooves are formed in the conical head and are 2-3 from the inner end to the outer end of the conical head.

Wherein, the conicity of conical head and chase needle is the same.

The support structure is provided with a jack catch, an elastic rod, a bracelet and a sleeve, the hollow drill bit is sleeved in the sleeve, the elastic rod is connected with the jack catch and the sleeve, the bracelet is molded on the elastic rod, and the number of the elastic rods is 3-4.

Wherein, last sleeve of bearing structure has 2 or 3, the auxiliary drill bit has been inserted in the sleeve, auxiliary drill bit one end has the external screw thread, and the other end is equipped with the knob, and the oil groove has also been seted up to the auxiliary drill bit, and the oil groove is located on the external screw thread.

The utility model has the advantages as follows:

1. hollow drill bit opens along its axis has hollow cavity, hollow cavity run through completely in handle, connecting rod and conical head, the guide pin inserts in the hollow cavity, the both ends of connecting rod are handle and conical head respectively, and the conical head has the external screw thread, the one end of guide pin has the needle of following after, and the other end has the knob, the conical head with it is located same end direction to follow after the needle, and the guide pin is bored and is gone into to the location of hollow drill bit on the thighbone in the acetabulum, and the guide pin has the guide effect to hollow drill bit entering caput femoris center after the location.

2. The guide pin has the connecting rod, the connecting rod is located the intermediate position of guide pin and connects the knob with follow closely the needle, on the connecting rod and be close to the direction of knob and be carved with the scale mark, be for further confirming the bone degree of depth that the guide pin got into the acetabulum, avoid the too much or too little degree of depth of boring of guide pin, alleviate patient's misery simultaneously.

3. Seted up the oil groove on the conical head, the oil groove is from the inner to the outer end of conical head, when the conical head gos deep into the awl and advances the femoral head, reduces the friction of conical head, can add aseptic medical paraffin oil on the oil groove.

4. The conical head with the tapering of following the needle is the same, when following the needle and boring into certain degree of depth, the conical head continues to bore into the bone along the degree of depth and the tapering that follow the needle and bore into, continuously bores into.

5. Bearing structure has jack catch, elastic rod, bracelet and sleeve, the core bit cover is established in the sleeve, jack catch and sleeve are connected to the elastic rod, the bracelet molding is on the elastic rod, and people's finger cover makes the jack catch can grasp thighbone neck stub or femoral head on the bracelet, and core bit keeps core bit's stability when boring inside the bone, bores the orientation simultaneously and the position is not eccentric.

6. Last sleeve of bearing structure has 2 or 3, the auxiliary drill bit has been inserted in the sleeve, auxiliary drill bit one end has the external screw thread, and the other end is equipped with the knob, and the oil groove has also been seted up to the auxiliary drill bit, and the oil groove is located on the external screw thread, the auxiliary drill bit play the guide pin take out the back make hollow bit not take place the position eccentric when continuing to bore the femoral head.

7. The axial lead of hollow drill bit or guide pin with contained angle between the axial lead of auxiliary drill bit is 3-4, because of the femoral head diameter is not big, and two drill bits twist the direction and avoid the drill bit to twist the femoral head outside to the cohesion and go, can also be used for supplementary enhancement when the femoral head takes out the difficulty and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the hollow drill with the needle of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the hollow drill bit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide pin of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hollow drill with the overtaking needle extending out according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the main direction structure of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-hollow drill bit, 11-handle, 12-connecting rod, 13-conical head, 14-oil groove, 15-hollow cavity, 2-guide pin, 21-knob, 22-scale mark, 23-chasing needle, 24-connecting rod, 3-supporting structure, 31-claw, 32-elastic rod, 33-bracelet, 34-sleeve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel femoral head extractor, which comprises a hollow drill bit 1, a guide pin 2, and a supporting structure 3, the guide pin 2 is arranged in the hollow drill bit 1, the supporting structure 3 is sleeved outside the hollow drill bit 1, the hollow drill bit 1 is provided with a handle 11, a connecting rod 12 and a conical head 13, the hollow drill bit 1 is provided with a hollow cavity 15 along the axis thereof, the hollow cavity 15 completely penetrates through the handle 11, the connecting rod 12 and the conical head 13, the guide pin 2 is inserted into the hollow cavity 15, the two ends of the connecting rod 12 are respectively provided with a handle 11 and a conical head 13, the conical head 13 is provided with an external thread, the outer end of the external thread of the conical head 13 is in a ball head shape, one end of the guide pin 2 is provided with a following needle 23, the outer end of the following needle 23 is in a ball head shape, the other end of the following needle 23 is provided with a knob 21, the conical head 13 and the following needle 23 are positioned in the same end direction, and the outer diameter of the guide pin 3 is 2 MM.

As shown in fig. 2, the conical head 13 is provided with oil grooves 14, the number of the oil grooves 14 is 2-3 from the inner end to the outer end of the conical head 13, the conical head 13 has the same taper as the chase needle 23, the width of the oil groove 14 formed in the conical head 13 can be 1.5mm-2mm, the depth of the oil groove 14 can be 0.5mm-1mm, when the conical head 13 is inserted into the conical femoral head, the friction between the conical head 13 and the femoral head is reduced, and sterile medical paraffin oil can be added into the oil groove.

As shown in fig. 3, the guide pin 2 has a connecting rod 24, the connecting rod 24 is located at the middle position of the guide pin 2 and connects the knob 21 and the needle follower 23, the connecting rod 24 is marked with graduation lines 22 in the direction close to the knob 21, and the arrangement of the graduation lines 22 can visually observe the entering depth of the core drill 1 or the guide pin 2, which is convenient for the doctor to operate.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the supporting structure 3 has a claw 31, an elastic rod 32, a hand ring 33 and a sleeve 34, the hollow drill bit 1 is sleeved in the sleeve 34, the elastic rod 32 connects the claw 31 and the sleeve 34, the hand ring 33 is molded on the elastic rod 32, and the number of the elastic rods 32 is 3-4.

The number of the sleeves 34 on the supporting structure 3 is 2 or 3, the distance between the sleeves 34 and the circle center is smaller than 40-50mm, the diameter of the femoral head is generally 40-50mm, that is, the distance between the cone center of the cone head 13 and the cone center of the needle chasing 23 is smaller than 30 mm, the auxiliary drill bit 4 is inserted into the sleeve 34, one end of the auxiliary drill bit 4 is provided with an external thread, the other end of the auxiliary drill bit is provided with a knob (the structure of which is the same as that of the knob 21 or the shape of an outer hexagonal cap or an inner hexagonal cap, so that the auxiliary drill bit is conveniently screwed in by using a screwdriver or a socket wrench tool), and the auxiliary drill bit 4 is also provided with an oil groove which is located on the external thread (the structure of which is the same as that of the hollow drill bit 1 and the oil groove 14). The hollow drill bit 1 can easily enter the femoral head along the guiding action of the Kirschner wire (the guide pin 2), the auxiliary drill bit 4 simultaneously drills into the femoral head, the hollow drill bit 1 continues to drill into the femoral head after the guide pin 2 is taken out, and finally the femoral head is pulled out by the hollow drill bit 1 and the auxiliary drill bit 4 simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 5, the axial lead of the hollow drill bit 1 or the guide pin 2 and the included angle between the axial leads of the auxiliary drill bits 4 are 3-4 °, therefore, the diameter of the femoral head is not large, the screwing directions of the two drill bits are inwards converged to avoid the drill bits to be screwed outside the femoral head, and the hollow drill bits can be used for assisting to strengthen the use when the femoral head is taken out difficultly.

Example 2

The working principle is as follows: when the hollow drill bit is used, the guide pin 2 is inserted into the hollow cavity 15, the knob 21 is rotated, the hollow drill bit can be drilled into an acetabulum if necessary, the chasing pin 23 falls into a certain depth, and the judgment is carried out through the scale marks 22, because the hollow drill bit 1 is not moved at the moment, the guide pin 2 is stably inserted into a bone at the moment, the hollow drill bit 1 slides in the sleeve 34 arranged on the supporting structure 3, the guide pin 2 guides the inside of the hollow drill bit 1, the hollow drill bit 1 cannot deviate in position, the position and the distance of the hollow drill bit 1 can be adjusted, the fixing area and the stability are increased, the operation is simple and rapid, and the operation can be completed independently. Work as after following a definite degree of depth of needle 23, twist grip 11 makes awl head 13 on the core bit 1 continue to bore into along the tapering of following a needle 23, and core bit 1 slides from top to bottom at guide pin 2, can fix a position the depth that guide pin 2 got into the femoral head, prevent to get into too deeply, and the setting of scale mark 22 can the audio-visual degree of depth that observation guide pin 2 got into, makes things convenient for doctor's operation, and the friction for avoiding awl head 13 produces heat and takes place to warp, can scribble aseptic medical paraffin oil in oil groove 14 in advance, aseptic medical paraffin oil still plays the cooling effect.

The conical head 13 and the chase needle 23 push against the femoral head to increase the friction force and the holding force, thereby effectively increasing the holding force between the hollow drill bit 1 and the femoral head and improving the operation efficiency; the problems of slippage, incomplete taking and the like caused by insufficient holding force when the femoral head is taken out are avoided, the structure is reasonable in design, the use is safe and fast, and the femoral head taking device is suitable for being popularized and used in medical institutions.

The auxiliary drill bit 4 is sleeved in the sleeve 34, the auxiliary drill bit 4 is rotated to drill into the femoral head, the guide pin 2 is taken out after the two drill bits are stabilized, and the auxiliary drill bit 4 screwed into a small point is additionally used in order to prevent the femoral head from separating from the two drill bits in the bone taking process or to ensure that the femoral head is difficult to take after the osteoporosis or the hollow drill bit 1 is screwed into the femoral head. The user can insert the finger in bracelet 33 extrusion elastic rod 32 makes jack catch 31 centre gripping thighbone neck stub or femoral head, has more increased and has got bone stability.

After taking out the femoral head, the hollow drill bit 1 (namely, the hand-operated reverse rotation handle 11) and the auxiliary drill bit 4 are rotated reversely to separate the two from the femoral head, and after the overtaking collision 23 is taken out from the hollow cavity 15, the overtaking collision can be reused after being sterilized. For the people who are hard to be implanted with the sclerotin sclerosis, the hollow drill bits 1 with different diameters can be screwed into the femoral head after being opened.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel femoral head extractor, includes hollow drill bit (1), guide pin (2), bearing structure (3), hollow drill bit (1) is inside to be put guide pin (2), bearing structure (3) cover is established the outside of hollow drill bit (1), hollow drill bit (1) have handle (11), connecting rod (12) and conical head (13), its characterized in that: hollow drill bit (1) is opened along its axis has hollow chamber (15), hollow chamber (15) run through completely in handle (11), connecting rod (12) and conical head (13), guide pin (2) insert in hollow chamber (15), the both ends of connecting rod (12) are handle (11) and conical head (13) respectively, and conical head (13) have the external screw thread, the one end of guide pin (2) has and follows after needle (23), and the other end has knob (21), conical head (13) with follow after needle (23) and be located same end direction.

2. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the guide pin (2) is provided with a connecting rod (24), the connecting rod (24) is located in the middle of the guide pin (2) and is connected with the knob (21) and the chasing needle (23), and scale marks (22) are marked on the connecting rod (24) and close to the knob (21).

3. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: oil grooves (14) are formed in the conical head (13), the oil grooves (14) are formed from the inner end to the outer end of the conical head (13), and the number of the oil grooves (14) is 2-3.

4. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the taper of the conical head (13) is the same as that of the overtaking needle (23).

5. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: bearing structure (3) have jack catch (31), elastic rod (32), bracelet (33) and sleeve (34), hollow drill bit (1) cover is established in sleeve (34), jack catch (31) and sleeve (34) are connected in elastic rod (32), bracelet (33) molding is on elastic rod (32), and the number of elastic rod (32) is 3-4.

6. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 5, wherein: sleeve (34) on bearing structure (3) have 2 or 3, auxiliary drill bit (4) have been inserted in sleeve (34), auxiliary drill bit (4) one end has the external screw thread, and the other end is equipped with the knob, and the oil groove has also been seted up in auxiliary drill bit (4), and the oil groove is located on the external screw thread.

7. The novel femoral head extractor of claim 6, wherein: the included angle between the axial lead of the hollow drill bit (1) or the guide pin (2) and the axial lead of the auxiliary drill bit (4) is 3-4 degrees.