CN206818784U - The optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence - Google Patents
The optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence Download PDFInfo
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- CN206818784U CN206818784U CN201720729824.1U CN201720729824U CN206818784U CN 206818784 U CN206818784 U CN 206818784U CN 201720729824 U CN201720729824 U CN 201720729824U CN 206818784 U CN206818784 U CN 206818784U
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Abstract
A kind of optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence, including：Polarization beam apparatus, the polarization-maintaining laser being sequentially connected, spatial polarization controller, optical fiber device, photo-coupler, polarization analysis device and data acquisition unit, wherein：Polarization-maintaining laser, spatial polarization device and optical fiber device are sequentially connected, the output end of optical fiber device is connected with photo-coupler, the output end of photo-coupler is connected with polarization analysis device and polarization beam apparatus respectively, data acquisition unit gathers the polarization state data of polarization analysis device and the light intensity data of polarization beam apparatus respectively, so as to obtain the birefringence size of sensor fibre to be measured and faraday's deflection angle；The utility model is designed reasonably, the accurate measurement to faraday's deflection angle is realized, have directive significance to the reliability and accuracy for improving fibre optic current sensor practical application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of technology in fiber-optic current sensor field, is specifically a kind of real-time based on birefringence
The optical fiber current sensing device of measurement.
Background technology
Traditional current sensor based on galvanomagnetic-effect there are problems that in actual use, such as magnetic saturation, iron
The problem of in terms of the securities such as magnetic resonance, dynamic range are small, the big weight weight of volume, cost height, installation inconvenience, explosive.Optical fiber
Current sensor becomes an important research in current sense field because its sensing principle can't have above mentioned problem
Direction.Realize all -fiber magnetic field sensor principle have it is a variety of, such as Faraday effect, magnetostrictive effect and magnetic fluid material
Deng wherein based on the fibre optic current sensor of Faraday effect because it turns into for the intuitive of curent change and easily detection property
A focus in research field.
Fibre optic current sensor based on Faraday effect mainly faces two problems in actual applications：First, tradition is single
The Verdet constant of mode fiber is very low, limits the sensitivity of current sensor, and conventional solution method is to use Gao Feierde
The doped fiber of constant.Second, the stability and reliability of fibre optic current sensor are low.The linear birefrigence of single-mode fiber is held very much
It is vulnerable to the influence of some extraneous unpredictable factors, for example temperature, stress, bends and distort, this will weakens faraday's effect
Should.Because the linear birefrigence of optical fiber is changed at random by various environmental perturbations and is not easy to measure, traditional fiber current sense
Device assumes that linear birefrigence is not present in optical fiber when demodulating faraday's deflection angle, thus have ignored linear birefrigence and faraday is revolved
The degeneration of optic angle, cause measured sensitivity distortion.
Utility model content
The utility model for prior art can not real-Time Compensation birefringence influenceed by environment random perturbation the problem of, carry
Go out a kind of optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence, by sensor fibre input polarization to be measured and output
The measurement of polarization state, the birefringence size of sensor fibre to be measured is obtained, it is inclined further according to the light intensity signal compensation faraday of fast and slow axis
The degeneration of corner, can accurate measurement faraday's deflection angle.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence is the utility model is related to, including：Polarization beam splitting
Device, the polarization-maintaining laser being sequentially connected, spatial polarization controller, optical fiber device, photo-coupler, polarization analysis device and data acquisition
Device, wherein：Polarization-maintaining laser, spatial polarization device and optical fiber device are sequentially connected, and the polarization state of flashlight occurs under magnetic fields
Change, the output end of optical fiber device is connected with photo-coupler, the output end of photo-coupler respectively with polarization analysis device and polarization beam splitting
Device is connected, and the output end of the input of data acquisition unit respectively with polarization analysis device and polarization beam apparatus is connected.
Described spatial polarization controller includes：The wave plate of the wave plate of the λ being coaxially disposed/2, two λ/4 and two collimating mirrors, its
In：Two collimating mirrors are symmetricly set in the both sides of the wave plate of λ/2, and the wave plate of two λ/4 is respectively symmetrically arranged at the wave plate of λ/2 and collimating mirror
Between.
Described optical fiber device includes：DC source and sensor fibre to be measured, wherein：The both positive and negative polarity of DC source respectively with biography to be measured
It is photosensitive fine connected.
Described polarization analysis device includes：The wave plate of 1 point of 4 beam splitter, λ/4,0 ° of polarizer, 45 ° of polarizers and four balances
Photodetector, wherein：1 point of 4 beam splitter exports four road light, directly inputs balance photodetector all the way；Sequentially input all the way
0 ° of polarizer and balance photodetector；45 ° of polarizers and balance photodetector are sequentially input all the way；Sequentially input all the way λ/
4 wave plates, 45 ° of polarizers and balance photodetector.
Described polarization beam apparatus includes：Polarization beam apparatus and two optical-electrical converters, wherein：The output of polarization beam apparatus
Output two-way orthogonal crossed polarized light in end is simultaneously separately input into two optical-electrical converters.
Described data acquisition unit includes：6 channel data capture cards and two balance photodetectors.
Described data acquisition unit obtains the light intensity signal of sensor fibre fast and slow axis to be measured by polarization beam apparatus.
Described sensor fibre to be measured is 50~2000m standard single-mode fibers.
Described polarization analysis device directly measures the polarization state of the output of polarization-maintaining laser, passes through spatial polarization controller
Transmission matrix obtains the input polarization of sensor fibre to be measured, the output of the sensor fibre output end to be measured measured with vibration analysis device
Polarization state is contrasted, you can obtains the linear birefrigence size of sensor fibre to be measured；The linear birefrigence of sensor fibre to be measured
Two light intensity signals of the sensor fibre fast and slow axis to be measured obtained with reference to polarization beam apparatus, you can it is double to obtain sensor fibre to be measured
Faraday's deflection angle after refraction compensation.
Described input polarization is calculated by the Jones matrix of spatial polarization controller.
The calculation formula of described faraday's deflection angle is：Wherein：P1And P2Point
Not Wei sensor fibre fast and slow axis to be measured light intensity, θ is faraday's deflection angle, and Δ δ is the linear birefrigence of sensor fibre to be measured.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the utility model is monitored in real time by adding polarization analysis device in sensor fibre end to be measured
The output polarization state of sensor fibre to be measured, the real-time birefringence of sensor fibre to be measured is obtained to compensate faraday's deflection angle, it is real
Now to the accurate measurement of faraday's deflection angle, the reliability of fibre optic current sensor is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is optical fiber current sensing device schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is polarization analysis device schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the relation of birefringence-compensated front and rear faraday's deflection angle and size of current under the smaller state of fiber birefringence is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is that the relation of birefringence-compensated front and rear faraday's deflection angle and size of current under fiber birefringence fair state is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is that the relation of birefringence-compensated front and rear faraday's deflection angle and size of current under the larger state of fiber birefringence is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is relation schematic diagram of the degeneration with birefringence size of rotation effect when ignoring birefringence；
In figure：It is 1 polarization-maintaining laser, 2 spatial polarization controllers, 3 DC sources, 4 sensor fibres to be measured, 5 photo-couplers, 6 inclined
Shake the wave plate of the wave plate of beam splitter, 7 optical-electrical converters, 8 polarization analysis devices, 9 data acquisition units, 10 collimating mirrors, 11 λ/4,12 λ/2,13
Flashlight, 141 point of 4 beam splitter, 150 ° of polarizers, 1645 ° of polarizers, 17 balance photodetectors.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present embodiment includes：Polarization beam apparatus, the polarization-maintaining laser 1 being sequentially connected, spatial polarization control
Device 2, optical fiber device, photo-coupler 5, polarization analysis device 8 and data acquisition unit 9, wherein：Continuous lines caused by polarization-maintaining laser 1 are inclined
Flashlight 13 passes through spatial polarization device input optical fibre device, and the polarization state of flashlight 13 changes under magnetic fields, optical fiber device
Flashlight 13 that the polarization state of output changes divides for two-way light by photo-coupler 5, all the way into polarization analysis device 8, separately
Enter polarization beam apparatus all the way, data acquisition unit 9 carries out data acquisition to polarization analysis device 8 and polarization beam apparatus respectively.
Described polarization-maintaining laser 1 exports continuous line polarisation, to ensure the flashlight 13 of input space Polarization Controller 2
Polarization state is stable.
Described spatial polarization controller 2 includes：The wave plate 11 of the λ being coaxially disposed/2 wave plate, 12, two λ/4 and two collimations
Mirror 10, wherein：Two collimating mirrors 10 are symmetricly set in the both sides of the wave plate 12 of λ/2, the wave plate 11 of two λ/4 be respectively symmetrically arranged at λ/
Between 2 wave plates 12 and collimating mirror 10.
Described optical fiber device includes：DC source 3 and sensor fibre to be measured 4, wherein：The both positive and negative polarity of DC source 3 is respectively with treating
Sensor fibre 4 is surveyed to be connected.
As shown in Fig. 2 described polarization analysis device 8 is integrated device, including：1 point of 4 beam splitter 14, λ/11,0 ° of 4 wave plate
15,45 ° of polarizers 16 of the polarizer and four balance photodetectors 17, wherein：1 point of 4 beam splitter 14 exports four road light, all the way
Directly input balance photodetector 17；0 ° of polarizer 15 and balance photodetector 17 are sequentially input all the way；It is defeated successively all the way
Enter 45 ° of polarizers 16 and balance photodetector 17；λ/4 wave plate, 11,45 ° of polarizers 16 are sequentially input all the way and balance photoelectricity is visited
Survey device 17.
The gain of described balance photodetector 17 is consistent.
Described polarization beam apparatus includes：Polarization beam apparatus 6 and two optical-electrical converters 7, wherein：Polarization beam apparatus 6 is defeated
Go out the orthogonal crossed polarized light of two-way, two optical-electrical converters 7 of input are converted to electric signal and do follow-up data processing respectively.
Described data acquisition unit 9 includes：6 channel data capture cards and two balance photodetectors 17.
Described data acquisition unit 9 obtains the light intensity signal of the fast and slow axis of sensor fibre 4 to be measured by polarization beam apparatus.
The present embodiment is related to the birefringent method of measurement in real time based on said apparatus, and polarization analysis device 8 directly measures guarantor
The polarization state of the output of inclined laser 1, regard flashlight 13 as sense light to be measured by the polarization state after spatial polarization controller 2
The input polarization of fibre 4, the output polarization state of the output end of sensor fibre to be measured 4 measured with reference to polarization analysis device 8 are i.e. available
The linear birefrigence size of sensor fibre 4 to be measured；What the linear birefrigence of sensor fibre 4 to be measured obtained in conjunction with polarization beam apparatus
Two light intensity signals of the fast and slow axis of sensor fibre 4 to be measured, you can obtain sensor fibre 4 to be measured it is birefringence-compensated after faraday
Deflection angle.
Due to the wave plate anglec of rotation in spatial polarization controller 2, it is known that described input polarization passes through spatial polarization
The Jones matrix of controller 2 is calculated.
The calculation formula of described faraday's deflection angle is：Wherein：P1And P2Point
Not Wei the fast and slow axis of sensor fibre 4 to be measured light intensity, θ is faraday's deflection angle, and Δ δ is the linear birefrigence of sensor fibre 4 to be measured.
The wavelength of flashlight 13 that the polarization-maintaining laser 1 of the present embodiment exports is 1550nm, and sensor fibre 4 to be measured is that 250m is mono-
Mode fiber.
The length of described sensor fibre to be measured 4 can be adjusted flexibly：Under high-current test environment, it is adapted to shorter optical fiber
Length；Under the conditions of low current, it is adapted to longer fiber lengths.
Described photo-coupler 5 is 50/50 photo-coupler.
The birefringence of described sensor fibre to be measured 4 can be changed by adjusting the curved shape of optical fiber.
As shown in Fig. 3~Fig. 5, Ω1Faraday's deflection angle that measurement obtains during to ignore linear birefrigence, Ω2For this implementation
Example considers faraday's deflection angle that measurement obtains during linear birefrigence, and slope (slope) is the sensitivity of measurement.It is determined that it is double
Under refraction, adjustment space Polarization Controller 2, so as to change the input polarization of sensor fibre 4 to be measured, the spirit of fibre-optical sensing device
Sensitivity can also change.As seen from the figure, total phase shift of faraday's deflection angle and sensor fibre to be measured 4 is linear with the increase of electric current
Change, when total phase shift change is big, annihilation effect of the linear birefrigence to rotation effect is further serious.When total phase shift is 22.5 °,
Using the sensitivity of traditional demodulation method 96.9% is have dropped with respect to the present embodiment；When total phase shift is 108.73 °, traditional demodulation
The sensitivity of method drops to 49% with respect to the present embodiment, and sensitivity improves 1 times.
As shown in fig. 6, point represents experimental result, line representation theory result；θ1For birefringence-compensated preceding faraday's deflection
Angle, θ2To pass through birefringence-compensated faraday's deflection angle.When birefringence is close to 0 °, the approximation that traditional demodulation method measures is partially
Corner and actual deflection angle are basically identical；When birefringence is larger, at such as 108.73 °, deflection angle that traditional demodulation method measures
Sensitivity have dropped 51%, and experimental result is coincide substantially with theoretical calculation.
Above-mentioned specific implementation can by those skilled in the art on the premise of without departing substantially from the utility model principle and objective with
Different modes carries out local directed complete set to it, and the scope of protection of the utility model is defined by claims and not by above-mentioned specific
Implementation is limited, and each implementation in the range of it is by the constraint of the utility model.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. optical fiber current sensing device measured in real time based on birefringence, it is characterised in that including：Polarization beam apparatus, according to Secondary connected polarization-maintaining laser, spatial polarization controller, optical fiber device, photo-coupler, polarization analysis device and data acquisition unit, its In：Polarization-maintaining laser, spatial polarization device and optical fiber device are sequentially connected, and the output end of optical fiber device is connected with photo-coupler, optical coupling The output end of device is connected with polarization analysis device and polarization beam apparatus respectively, the input of data acquisition unit respectively with polarization analysis device It is connected with the output end of polarization beam apparatus.
- 2. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described spatial polarization controller includes： The wave plate of the wave plate of the λ being coaxially disposed/2, two λ/4 and two collimating mirrors, wherein：Two collimating mirrors are symmetricly set in the wave plate of λ/2 Both sides, the wave plate of two λ/4 are respectively symmetrically arranged between the wave plate of λ/2 and collimating mirror.
- 3. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber device includes：DC source and Sensor fibre to be measured, wherein：The both positive and negative polarity of DC source is connected with sensor fibre to be measured respectively.
- 4. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described polarization analysis device includes：1 point 4 The wave plate of beam splitter, λ/4,0 ° of polarizer, 45 ° of polarizers and four balance photodetectors, wherein：1 point of 4 beam splitter exports four tunnels Light, balance photodetector is directly inputted all the way；0 ° of polarizer and balance photodetector are sequentially input all the way；It is defeated successively all the way Enter 45 ° of polarizers and balance photodetector；The wave plate of λ/4,45 ° of polarizers and balance photodetector are sequentially input all the way.
- 5. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described polarization beam apparatus includes：Polarization Beam splitter and two optical-electrical converters, wherein：The orthogonal crossed polarized light of output end output two-way of polarization beam apparatus is simultaneously It is separately input into two optical-electrical converters.
- 6. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data acquisition unit includes：6 passages Data collecting card and two balance photodetectors.
- 7. optical fiber current sensing device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described sensor fibre to be measured is 50~ 2000m standard single-mode fibers.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109142840A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-04 | 江门市新会区炎泰电子有限公司 | A kind of current measuring method and its all -fiber leakage current protector based on dual wavelength |
-
2017
- 2017-06-22 CN CN201720729824.1U patent/CN206818784U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109142840A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-04 | 江门市新会区炎泰电子有限公司 | A kind of current measuring method and its all -fiber leakage current protector based on dual wavelength |
| CN109142840B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2023-07-25 | 江门市新会区炎泰电子有限公司 | Current measurement method and all-fiber leakage current protector thereof |
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