CN203907660U - Heat tube air preheater - Google Patents

Heat tube air preheater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203907660U
CN203907660U CN201420255610.1U CN201420255610U CN203907660U CN 203907660 U CN203907660 U CN 203907660U CN 201420255610 U CN201420255610 U CN 201420255610U CN 203907660 U CN203907660 U CN 203907660U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat
pipeline section
pipe
air preheater
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CN201420255610.1U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郜建松
孙志钦
孟庆凯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
Sinopec Luoyang Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sinopec Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corp
Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201420255610.1U priority Critical patent/CN203907660U/en
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Publication of CN203907660U publication Critical patent/CN203907660U/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air tube air preheater which mainly comprises a shell, an upper flange, a lower flange, a middle tube plate, and double-metal heat tubes. The middle tube plate separates the shell into two cavities which are not communicated with each other. The two cavities include an air side cavity and a smoke side cavity. The double-metal heat tubes vertically penetrate the middle tube plate to be mounted in the shell. The shell, the upper flange and the lower flange are integrally connected and assembled through bolts. By the heat tube air preheater, heat exchanging area between smoke and the heat tubes can be increased, air-smoke heat exchanging of a tube furnace is achieved, heat exchanging of the smoke of the tube furnace and the air can be achieved when the temperature of the smoke of the tube furnace is lower than an acid dew point, and conditions are created for further lowering the temperature of the smoke discharged by the tube furnace and increasing heat efficiency.

Description

A kind of heat-pipe air preheater
Technical field
The utility model relates to petroleum refining, petrochemical industry tubular heater a kind of heat-pipe air preheater used.
Background technology
The fuel consumption of tubular heater is occupied sizable ratio in oil refining apparatus energy consumption, and at least 20%~30%, at most 80%~90%.Therefore, improve the thermal efficiency of tubular heater, reduce fuel consumption, to reducing plant energy consumption tool, be of great significance.In the various heat losses of tubular heater, heat loss due to exhaust gas occupies great ratio, and for example, when furnace thermal efficiency higher (90%), heat loss due to exhaust gas accounts for 70%~80% of total losses; For example, when furnace thermal efficiency lower (70%), heat loss due to exhaust gas accounts for the ratio of total losses up to more than 90%.Therefore manage to reduce the exhaust gas temperature of tubular heater, just can greatly improve thermal efficiency of heating furnace.At home in Petrochemical Enterprises, the most frequently used method is to adopt heat-pipe air preheater by the direct preheated air of flue gas, to be reduced the exhaust gas temperature of heating furnace at present.The method is established one's own system, and is not subject to the constraint of technological process, and because heat-pipe air preheater has, volume is little, quality light, efficiency advantages of higher simultaneously, makes the method be promoted rapidly and apply.But reduce the restriction that exhaust gas temperature is subject to low-temperature dew point corrosion factor technically, the acid dew-point temperature of at present a lot of flue gas of heating furnace is 145 ℃ of left and right, exhaust gas temperature is 155 ℃ of left and right, exhaust gas temperature continues to reduce and will on air preheater heat-transfer surface, produce low-temperature dew point corrosion, cause heat-transfer surface corrosion failure, tube furnace can not normally be moved.Can say, low-temperature dew point corrosion has become the major obstacle that heat-pipe air preheater reduces tube furnace smoke evacuation temperature, improves the thermal efficiency.For further improving the tube furnace thermal efficiency, need a kind of heat-pipe air preheater of ability low-temperature dew point corrosion badly.
Chinese patent CN200510045230.0 discloses a kind of " heat exchange of heat pipe of Graphite thermal tube is housed ", a kind of nonmetal graphite heat exchange of heat pipe that is applied to ability low-temperature dew point corrosion in Refrigeration Technique is provided, it comprises epicoele, cavity of resorption and Graphite thermal tube, epicoele is equipped with lithium-bromide solution, cavity of resorption is equipped with hot fluid, is applied to oilfield sewage used heat and drives double absorption refrigerating technique.But above-mentioned graphite heat tube heat exchanger belongs to liquid-liquid (gas) exchanger type, be not suitable for applying in the gas-gas exchanger type on petroleum refining, petrochemical industry tubular heater.In gas-gas exchanger type of tubular heater, flue gas and air heat transfer coefficient are all very little, for enhanced tube conducts heat, must adopt extended tube (finned tube, studded tube etc.) outward; Graphite thermal tube is as nonmetallic materials, and mechanical strength is lower, easily damaged in transportation, installation and use procedure; Graphite thermal tube cost is higher, is generally 3 times of equal heat exchange area cast iron heat pipe; The problems referred to above of Graphite thermal tube require further improvement solution.
Corrosion-resistant, anti abrasive feature that cast iron materials has, can solve work under lower than dew-point temperature condition at the flue gas problem of corrosion-vulnerable of common iron, can solve common iron is subject to containing particle sweep of gases problem easy to wear simultaneously, at present, cylinder iron material manufacture heat pipe and heat-pipe air preheater also do not have relevant report.
Utility model content
Low in order to solve existing graphite heat tube heat exchanger heat transfer efficiency when heating furnace preheating section is applied, easily there is the technical problems such as damaged, cost is more expensive in Graphite thermal tube, the utility model provides a kind of heat-pipe air preheater for Petrochemical Enterprises tubular heater in transportation, installation and use procedure.
The heat-pipe air preheater that the utility model provides is mainly comprised of housing, upper flange, lower flange, sagging plate, bimetallic heat pipe; Sagging plate is divided into two not connected cavitys housing, is respectively air side cavity and fume side cavity; Bimetallic heat pipe is vertically arranged in housing through sagging plate, and housing, upper flange and lower flange are bolted and are assembled into one.
Bimetallic heat pipe is mainly comprised of carbon steel pipeline section, cast iron pipeline section, upper sealing plate, lower shrouding and working medium; The carbon steel pipe section of bimetallic heat pipe is positioned at air side cavity, and cast iron pipe section is positioned at fume side cavity.
As further improved plan, bimetallic thermotube wall outside is provided with air side fins and fume side fin, and air side fins is positioned at air side cavity, and fume side fin is positioned at fume side cavity.
During the utility model work, air is in the turnover of air side cavity two ends, and flue gas is in the turnover of fume side cavity two ends, and air and flue gas are by the heat exchange of bimetallic Heat Pipes.
Adopt the utility model, there is following beneficial effect:
(1) adopt the bimetallic heat pipe that fin is housed, increased the heat exchange area of flue gas (air) and heat pipe, strengthened the outer heat-transfer effect of pipe, realized gas-gas heat exchange of tube furnace; Simultaneously fume side cavity adopts cast iron quality, and the sulfuric acid corrosion that ability is stronger makes tube furnace flue gas in temperature, can realize the heat exchange with air in lower than acid dew point situation, for further reducing tube furnace smoke evacuation temperature, improves the thermal efficiency and has created condition;
(2) adopt the not only stronger sulfuric acid corrosion of ability of cast iron metal material, and mechanical strength is higher, quality is firm wear-resisting, and heat pipe cracky not in transportation, installation and use procedure makes the heat exchange of tubular type furnace gas-gas can long-period stable operation;
(3) the utility model is cheap, is only equivalent to 1/3 of equal heat exchange area graphite material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model heat-pipe air preheater;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of bimetallic heat pipe in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1-air side cavity, 2-upper flange, 3-housing, 4-air outlet slit, 5-sagging plate, 6-smoke inlet, 7-lower flange, 8-fume side cavity, 9-exhanst gas outlet, 10-fume side fin, 11-air intlet, 12-bimetallic heat pipe, 13-air side fins, 120-exhaust hole, 121-steam vent pad, 122-counterbore screw, 123-screw hole, 124-gasket seal, 125-boss, 126-external screw thread, 127-working medium, shrouding under 128-, 129-cast iron pipeline section, 130-internal thread, 131-concave station, 132-carbon steel pipeline section, 133-upper sealing plate.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.The drawings and specific embodiments do not limit the claimed scope of the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, heat-pipe air preheater of the present utility model is mainly comprised of housing 3, upper flange 2, lower flange 7, sagging plate 5, bimetallic heat pipe 12; Sagging plate 5 is divided into two not connected cavitys housing 3, be respectively air side cavity 1 and fume side cavity 8, bimetallic heat pipe 12 is vertical to be arranged in housing 3 through sagging plate 5, the carbon steel pipeline section 132 of bimetallic heat pipe is positioned at air side cavity 1, and cast iron pipeline section 129 is positioned at fume side cavity 8; Housing 3, upper flange 2 and lower flange 7 are bolted and are assembled into one.Air is in the 1 two ends turnover of air side cavity, and flue gas is in the 8 two ends turnover of fume side cavity, and air and flue gas are realized heat exchange by bimetallic heat pipe 12.Conventionally flue gas drops to 100 ℃~120 ℃ from 200 ℃~220 ℃, and air is raised to 105 ℃~125 ℃ from 5 ℃~25 ℃, and the flow direction of flue gas and air is contrary, and air preheater two ends can keep higher heat transfer temperature difference like this, enhancing heat transfer effect.
Referring to Fig. 2, bimetallic heat pipe 12 is mainly comprised of carbon steel pipeline section 132, cast iron pipeline section 129, upper sealing plate 133, lower shrouding 128 and working medium 127; Carbon steel pipeline section 132 one end cars have internal thread 130 and concave station 131, cast iron pipeline section 129 one end cars have external screw thread 126 and boss 125, between concave station 131 and boss 125, be placed with gasket seal 124, carbon steel pipeline section 132 and cast iron pipeline section 129 are threaded connection structure press seal pad 124 and realize sealing, can guarantee that bimetallic heat pipe 12 inside possess higher vacuum.Carbon steel pipeline section 132 other ends and upper sealing plate 133 welding, cast iron pipeline section 129 other ends can cast out as one integral body with being connected of lower shrouding 128 when casting.Because cast iron materials is corrosion-resistant, cast iron pipeline section 129 is placed in the fume side cavity 8 of air preheater, and carbon steel pipeline section 132 is placed in the air side cavity 1 of air preheater.The upper sealing plate 133 of bimetallic heat pipe 12 is provided with counterbore screw 122, steam vent pad 121, screw hole 123 and exhaust hole 120, steam vent pad 121 is placed in screw hole 123, screw the salable exhaust hole 120 of counterbore screw 122, the degassing method of realizing bimetallic heat pipe 12 vacuumizes.The general polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material that adopts of gasket seal 124 and steam vent pad 121, maximum operation (service) temperature can arrive 250 ℃.How etc. working medium 127 is general adopts pure distilled water or, pure distilled water operating temperature range is 30~320 ℃, how operating temperature range is 80~470 ℃, can produce phase transformation, and have suitable saturated vapour pressure in the working range that these working medium require at flue gas of heating furnace.The making of bimetallic heat pipe 12 divides following a few step:
(1) the cast iron pipeline section 129 of the Ф 30~Ф 32 of shrouding 128 under a band of casting;
(2) get the carbon steel pipeline section 132 of a Ф 30~Ф 32;
(3) one end car of cast iron pipeline section 129 is gone out to external screw thread 126 and boss 125, one end car of carbon steel pipeline section 132 goes out internal thread 130 and concave station 131;
(4) by cast iron pipeline section 129, carbon steel pipeline section 132, upper sealing plate 133, counterbore screw 122 through overpickling and alkali cleaning, standby after cleaning, drying;
(5) gasket seal 124 is put into concave station 131, screw cast iron pipeline section 129 and carbon steel pipeline section 132;
(6), to 129 li of cast iron pipeline sections perfusion working medium 127, as pure distilled water, how etc., then weld upper sealing plate 133;
(7) heating cast iron pipeline section 129, the air that working medium 127 comes to life and discharges in bimetallic heat pipe 12 from exhaust hole 120, thus form vacuum;
(8) now immediately steam vent pad 121 and counterbore screw 122 are screwed in screw hole 123, guarantee to screw, can not leak gas;
(9) after bimetallic heat pipe 12 is cooling, check vacuum in pipe, if vacuum reaches requirement, judge that bimetallic heat pipe 12 is qualified; If vacuum does not reach requirement, screw out counterbore screw 122 and reheat exhaust, until qualified.
Bimetallic heat pipe 12 tube wall outsides are provided with fume side fin 10 and air side fins 13.For the heat exchange of gas-gas, because Measurement of Gas Thermal Conductivity is lower, for example under normal temperature, the thermal conductivity factor of air is 0.023w/ (mk), the thermal conductivity factor of water is 0.62w/ (mk), if use light pipe in gas-gas heat exchange process of tube furnace, heat-transfer effect can be very undesirable, outside carbon steel pipeline section 132, install air side fins 13 additional, outside cast iron pipeline section 129, install fume side fin 10 additional, strengthened heat transfer area, strengthened heat-transfer effect, tube furnace flue gas is achieved by the heat transfer process of bimetallic heat pipe 12 and air.In air preheater air side cavity 1, because air is relatively clean, be difficult for dust stratification on bimetallic heat pipe 12, the spacing a between air side fins can design less, is generally 5~7mm; In fume side cavity 8, due to the carbon granules of the ash content in fuel and combustion product, hot flue gas can be in the 12 superficial dust foulings of bimetallic heat pipe, affect the heat-transfer effect of heating surface, for ease of soot blower, blow ash, the spacing b between fume side fin should design wider, is generally 10~12mm.Air side fins 13 use carbon steel sheet are made, and fume side fin 10 cylinder iron plate is made, and cast iron is as metal material, there is good heat conductivity, sulfuric acid corrosion resistant, the firm feature such as wear-resisting, cheap are applied on air preheater, for tube furnace further reduces exhaust gas temperature, have created condition.
The connection of fume side fin 10, air side fins 13 and bimetallic heat pipe 12 can cast out as one integral body when cast tube.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, operating process of the present utility model is described.First toward heat-pipe air preheater air intlet 11, pass into the cold air of 5 ℃~25 ℃, set up stable air circulation; Then toward air preheater gas approach 6, pass into the hot flue gas of 200 ℃~220 ℃, set up stable flue gas recirculation; Above-mentioned steps can not be put upside down, otherwise bimetallic heat pipe 12 can, because the heat in air side cavity 1 can not be taken away and overtemperature by air in time, shorten the life-span of bimetallic heat pipe 12.After stable air circulation and flue gas recirculation foundation, the heat of the hot flue gas in fume side cavity 8 will pass to the cold air in air side cavity 1 by bimetallic heat pipe 12 continuously, in air side cavity 1,5 ℃~25 ℃ cold airs that enter from air intlet 11, be raised to 105 ℃~125 ℃ and become after hot-air and discharge from air outlet slit 4, send into heating furnace combustion system combustion-supporting; In fume side cavity 8,200 ℃~220 ℃ hot flue gases that enter from gas approach 6, discharge and enter atmosphere through chimney from exhanst gas outlet 9 after reducing to the low-temperature flue gas of 100 ℃~120 ℃.

Claims (10)

1. a heat-pipe air preheater, is characterized in that: mainly housing, upper flange, lower flange, sagging plate, bimetallic heat pipe, consist of; Sagging plate is divided into two not connected cavitys housing, is respectively air side cavity and fume side cavity; Bimetallic heat pipe is vertically arranged in housing through sagging plate, and housing, upper flange and lower flange are bolted and are assembled into one.
2. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bimetallic heat pipe is mainly comprised of carbon steel pipeline section, cast iron pipeline section, upper sealing plate, lower shrouding and working medium, the carbon steel pipe section of bimetallic heat pipe is positioned at air side cavity, and cast iron pipe section is positioned at fume side cavity.
3. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bimetallic thermotube wall outside is provided with air side fins and fume side fin, and air side fins is positioned at air side cavity, and fume side fin is positioned at fume side cavity.
4. according to the heat-pipe air preheater described in claim 2~3 any one, it is characterized in that: described carbon steel pipeline section one end car has internal thread and concave station, cast iron pipeline section one end car has external screw thread and boss, between concave station and boss, be placed with gasket seal, carbon steel pipeline section and cast iron pipeline section are threaded connection structure press seal pad and realize sealing, the other end of carbon steel pipeline section and upper sealing plate welding, the other end of cast iron pipeline section is connected with lower shrouding.
5. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described upper sealing plate is provided with counterbore screw, steam vent pad, screw hole and exhaust hole, and steam vent pad is placed in screw hole, screws counterbore screw sealing exhaust hole.
6. according to the heat-pipe air preheater described in claim 2~3 any one, it is characterized in that: described working medium is pure distilled water or how.
7. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described air side fins is made by carbon steel sheet, and fume side fin cylinder iron plate is made.
8. according to the heat-pipe air preheater described in claim 3 or 7, it is characterized in that: the spacing between described air side fins is 5~7mm, the spacing between fume side fin is 10~12mm.
9. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described carbon steel pipeline section one end car has internal thread and concave station, cast iron pipeline section one end car has external screw thread and boss, between concave station and boss, be placed with gasket seal, carbon steel pipeline section and cast iron pipeline section are threaded connection structure press seal pad and realize sealing, the other end of carbon steel pipeline section and upper sealing plate welding, the other end of cast iron pipeline section is connected with lower shrouding.
10. heat-pipe air preheater according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described upper sealing plate is provided with counterbore screw, steam vent pad, screw hole and exhaust hole, and steam vent pad is placed in screw hole, screws counterbore screw sealing exhaust hole.
CN201420255610.1U 2014-05-15 2014-05-15 Heat tube air preheater Expired - Lifetime CN203907660U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201420255610.1U CN203907660U (en) 2014-05-15 2014-05-15 Heat tube air preheater

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110081748A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-08-02 北京中矿赛力贝特节能科技有限公司 A kind of dedicated heat pipe of return air residual heat in mine recycling
CN111412775A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-07-14 山东英电环保科技有限公司 Special high-temperature-area heat pipe type heat exchanger for urban and rural waste gasification furnace
CN114459050A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-10 国能长源武汉青山热电有限公司 Air preheater for boiler and use method thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110081748A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-08-02 北京中矿赛力贝特节能科技有限公司 A kind of dedicated heat pipe of return air residual heat in mine recycling
CN111412775A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-07-14 山东英电环保科技有限公司 Special high-temperature-area heat pipe type heat exchanger for urban and rural waste gasification furnace
CN111412775B (en) * 2020-05-07 2024-04-05 山东英电环保科技有限公司 Special high-temperature area heat pipe type heat exchanger for urban and rural waste gasification furnace
CN114459050A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-05-10 国能长源武汉青山热电有限公司 Air preheater for boiler and use method thereof

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Granted publication date: 20141029

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