Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose military wireless telecommunications of superwide frequency band (1MHz-40GHz) and radar signal monitoring and direction finding system.Propose to adopt a kind of single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, technology that cooperation radio frequency pretreater, the active direction estimation antenna array of small size low profile, monitoring aerial, software radio and DSP technology, small-signal extract and white noise disappears mutually, realization is monitored the radio signal in the superwide frequency band (1MHz-40GHz) and the radio signal in the 20MHz-3000MHz frequency range is carried out direction finding.
Technical solution of the present invention: its structure comprises the interferometer direction finding antenna array, high and low end electricity outward winding pass, first antenna selector, three function RF amplifiers, radio frequency pretreater, single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, monitoring and direction-finding controller, PC, monitoring aerial, second antenna selector, spectrum analyzer, accumulator, UPS.Annexation between them: the output terminal of interferometer direction finding antenna array with, the high and low end electricity first input end that closes of outwarding winding joins, corresponding the joining of first, second, third, fourth input end that high and low end electricity is outwarded winding first, second, third, fourth output terminal that closes and first antenna selector; Corresponding the joining of first, second input end of first, second output terminal of first antenna selector and three function RF amplifiers, corresponding the joining of first, second input end of first, second output terminal of three function RF amplifiers and radio frequency pretreater; The first input end of the output terminal of radio frequency pretreater and single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver joins; First, second, third, fourth of PC exports/go into the input of end and single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, monitoring and direction-finding controller, spectrum analyzer, router/go out to hold corresponding joining; The first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th output terminal of monitoring and direction-finding controller is outwarded winding second input end that closes, the 5th input end of first antenna selector, the 3rd input end of three function RF amplifiers, the 3rd input end of radio frequency pretreater, second input end of single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, corresponding the joining of second input end of second antenna selector with high and low end electricity respectively; Corresponding the joining of first input end of the output terminal of monitoring aerial and second antenna selector, the output terminal of second antenna selector and the input end of spectrum analyzer join; The output terminal of GPS, electronic compass joins the output terminal of the input termination PC of headstock azimuth indicator with first, second input end of PC respectively.
Advantage of the present invention: adopted the wide frequency band measurement combination of antennas, can monitor the military wireless telecommunications and the radar signal of 1MHz-40GHz superwide frequency band, and can intuitively show by spectrum analyzer. can carry out correlation interference direction-finding to the radio signal of 20MHz-3000MHz frequency range, a pair of antenna element is sampled simultaneously, guarantee synchronously, fast, accurately. adopt the active direction estimation antenna array of nine unit small size low profiles, solved the mutual coupling problem between each bay well, got rid of coupling and phase ambiguity between element antenna. adopted the radio frequency pretreater, radiofrequency signal is carried out phase/amplitude/phase transition and storage. adopted the wideband low noise amplifier technology, has amplification, straight-through, the amplifier of three kinds of functions of decay, can automatically switch, enlarged the dynamic application scope of received signal, particularly when receiving strong signal, be not easy to produce obstruction because of signal is saturated. can compatible multiple single channel receiver, realize timesharing monitoring and direction finding, systemic price ratio height, applied widely.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is an embodiment of the invention electricity theory diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is that high and low end electricity is outwarded winding and closed electric principle schematic (outward winding with one group of electricity to close be example).
Accompanying drawing 3 is three function RF amplifiers electricity theory diagrams.
Accompanying drawing 4 is power dividers with 1: 2 divider structured flowchart that is example.
Accompanying drawing 5 is superwide frequency band used direction estimation antenna array synoptic diagram in vertical polarization single channel wireless pyroelectric monitor and the correlation interferometer direction-finding system.
Accompanying drawing 6 is software control system process flow diagrams of the present invention.(being similarly DESCO DF7.0)
Among the figure 1 is the interferometer direction finding antenna array, the 2nd, and high, the low side electricity pass of outwarding winding, 3 is first antenna selectors, 4 is three function RF amplifiers, the 5th, the radio frequency pretreater, the 6th, single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, the 7th, the monitoring and direction-finding controller, the 8th, PC, the 9th, (monitoring aerial (is divided into by frequency range: 10KHz-20MHz monitoring aerial, 20MHz-300MHz, 300MHz-3GHz, 3GHz-18GHz, 18GHz-40GHz), 10 is second antenna selectors, the 11st, spectrum analyzer, the 12nd, accumulator, the 13rd, UPS, the 14th, inverter, the 15th, civil power, the 16th, the headstock azimuth indicator, the 17th, GPS, the 18th, electronic compass, the 19th, router.20 is the active direction estimation antenna array of nine unit vertical polarizations: 1000MHz-3000MHz, the 21st, antenna house, 22 are the active direction estimation antenna array of nine unit vertical polarizations: 20MHz-1000MHz.R
1, R
2, R
3Be resistance, C
1, C
2, C
3Be electric capacity, D
1-12Be that diode, V1-V7 are the voltage of monitoring and direction-finding controller output; The process flow diagram of software control system comprises monitoring and direction-finding service routine (dfNetServer) direction finding flow process and monitoring and direction-finding service routine (dfNetServer) operational scheme.
Among the figure 1 is the interferometer direction finding antenna array, the 2nd, and high, the low side electricity pass of outwarding winding, 3 is first antenna selectors, 4 is three function RF amplifiers, the 5th, the radio frequency pretreater, the 6th, single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, the 7th, the monitoring and direction-finding controller, the 8th, PC, the 9th, monitoring aerial (is divided into by frequency range: 10KHz-20MHz, 20MHz-300MHz, 300MHz-3GHz, 3GHz-18GHz, 18GHz-40GHz), 10 is second antenna selectors, the 11st, spectrum analyzer, the 12nd, accumulator, the 13rd, UPS, the 14th, inverter, the 15th, civil power, the 16th, the headstock azimuth indicator, the 17th, GPS, the 18th, electronic compass, the 19th, router.R
1, R
2, R
3Be resistance, C
1, C
2, C
3Be electric capacity, D
1-12Be diode, V1-V720MHz-300MHz, 300MHz-3GHz, 3GHz-18GHz, 18GHz-40GHz), 10 are second antenna selectors, the 11st, spectrum analyzer, the 12nd, accumulator, the 13rd, UPS, the 14th, inverter, the 15th, civil power, the 16th, headstock azimuth indicator, the 17th, GPS, the 18th, electronic compass, the 19th, router.R
1, R
2, R
3Be resistance, C
1, C
2, C
3Be electric capacity, D
1-12Be that diode, V1-V7 are the voltage of monitoring and direction-finding controller output; The process flow diagram of software control system comprises monitoring and direction-finding service routine (dfNetServer) direction finding flow process and monitoring and direction-finding service routine (dfNetServer) operational scheme.
Embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing 1, its structure comprises interferometer direction finding antenna array 1, height, the low side electricity is outwarded winding and is closed 2, first antenna selector 3, three function RF amplifiers 4, radio frequency pretreater 5, single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver 6, monitoring and direction-finding controller 7, PC 8, monitoring aerial 9 (is divided into by frequency range: 10KHz-20MHz, 20MHz-300MHz, 300MHz-3GHz, 3GHz-18GHz, 18GHz-40GHz), second antenna selector 10, spectrum analyzer 11, accumulator 12, UPS 13, inverter 14, civil power 15, headstock azimuth indicator 16, GPS 17, electronic compass 18, router one 9.
Annexation between them: the output terminal of interferometer direction finding antenna array 1 and high and low end electricity are outwarded winding and are closed 2 first input end and join, and high and low end electricity is outwarded winding and closed corresponding the joining of first, second, third, fourth input end of 2 first, second, third, fourth output terminal and first antenna selector 3; Corresponding the joining of first, second input end of first, second output terminal of first antenna selector 3 and three function RF amplifiers 4, corresponding the joining of first, second input end of first, second output terminal of three function RF amplifiers 4 and radio frequency pretreater 5; The first input end of the output terminal of radio frequency pretreater 5 and single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver 6 joins; First, second, third, fourth of PC 8 exports/go into the input of end and single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver 6, monitoring and direction-finding controller 7, spectrum analyzer 11, router one 9/go out to hold corresponding joining; The first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th output terminal of monitoring and direction-finding controller 7 is outwarded winding with high and low end electricity respectively and is closed 2 second input end, the 5th input end of first antenna selector 3, the 3rd input end of three function RF amplifiers 4, the 3rd input end of radio frequency pretreater 5, second input end of single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver 6, corresponding the joining of second input end of second antenna selector 10; Corresponding the joining of first input end of the output terminal of monitoring aerial 9 and second antenna selector 10, the input end of the output terminal of second antenna selector 10 and spectrum analyzer 11 joins; The output terminal of GPS 17, electronic compass 18 joins the output terminal of the input termination PC of headstock azimuth indicator 16 with first, second input end of PC respectively.
Described interferometer direction finding antenna array 1, be the active direction estimation antenna array of small size low profile, be divided into two-layer (corresponding two frequency ranges), arrange along short transverse, every layer by Unit nine active (each antenna has a balanced amplifier) vertical dipole antenna composition circular array.Lower floor is A band (20MHz~1000MHz), 1.0 meters of array maximum gauges, 0.27 meter of a unit dipole length; The upper strata is B wave band (1000MHz~3000MHz), 0.38 meter of array maximum gauge, 0.185 meter of a unit dipole length.Antenna impedance is 50 Ω.Interface is a N type socket.The about 35kg of the general assembly (TW) of direction-finder antenna (comprise the high low side electricity that is installed in below the antenna outward winding pass, selector switch etc.), all antennas are all covered by antenna house, and the height of antenna house is 0.39 meter.
High and low end electricity is outwarded winding and is closed 2 and be divided into the low side electricity according to frequency range and outward winding and close unit and the high-end electricity unit, pass of outwarding winding.It is subjected to the control and the power supply of monitoring and direction-finding controller.Its low and middle-end electricity frequency of operation of closing the unit of outwarding winding is 20MHz~1000MHz, and inside comprises that ANS 019L low side electricity is outwarded winding and closes and ALL 052L 1: 2+1: 9 power dividers.It is equivalent to a high frequency electronic switch, it has 9 signal input parts, 2 signal output parts, 1 control/power supply port, 1 self-correcting signal input part and 1 self-correcting signal output part, its controlled certain two paths of signals passage (being divided into main road, bypass) and self-correcting signalling channel of getting through simultaneously.ALL 052L power divider is that the self-correcting signal is divided into two-way earlier, and wherein one the tunnel is divided into 9 the tunnel again, introduces the low side electricity pass of outwarding winding, and is used for the system of 20MHz~200MHz wave band or 200MHz~1000MHz ripple work is carried out self-correcting; Another road self-correcting signal is sent to high-end electricity and revolves in the switch enclosure, again behind 1: 9 power divider, delivers to high-frequency electrical and outwards winding and close the self-correcting that the unit is used for the high band system.The high-end electricity frequency of operation of closing the unit of outwarding winding is 1000MHz~3000MHz, and inside comprises that the high-end electricity of ANS 020L is outwarded winding and closes and 1: 9 power divider of ALL 053L.It also is a high frequency electronic switch, and it has 9 signal input parts, 2 signal output parts, 1 control/power supply port, 1 self-correcting signal input part, its controlled certain two paths of signals passage (being divided into main road, bypass) and self-correcting signalling channel of getting through simultaneously.
Its principle of work: when control voltage V1, V2 power up, during diode D1-3 conducting, just can pass to node A, when control voltage V2, V3 power up diode D from the signal that can move vertical polarization correlation interferometer direction-finding antenna array 1
4-6During conducting, the self-correcting signal just can pass to node A, when control voltage V4, V5 power up diode D
7-9During conducting, the signal of node A just can be exported from main road; When control voltage V6, V7 power up diode D
10-12During conducting, the signal of node A just can be exported (as shown in Figure 2) from auxiliary route;
First antenna selector 3 is 4: 2 selector switchs, is used for closing outwarding winding from high-end electricity and the outward winding major-minor signal of 2 couple that closes output of low side electricity is chosen 1 pair of major-minor signal and exported.It has 4 input ends, 2 output terminals and 1 control/feeder ear.
Three function RF amplifiers 4 comprise two broadband low noise amplifiers, and frequency of operation is 20MHz~3000MHz, have amplification, straight-through, three kinds of functions of decay, in use according to actual needs by software set.Respectively the main and auxiliary road signal from first antenna selector is handled.They respectively have 1 control/feeder ear, 1 input end, 1 output terminal.Amplifier is made up of first high frequency relay, second high frequency relay, amplifying circuit, attenuator circuit and power supply, the amplifier tube (model ERA-51SM) in high frequency relay (model RF303-12), the amplifier.+ 12V power supply is added to respectively on first high frequency relay and second high frequency relay by software control.When first high frequency relay powers up, and second high frequency relay is not when powering up, and input signal obtains linear amplification behind amplifying circuit, again the second straight-through part output through high frequency relay.Be " amplification ".When first high frequency relay does not power up, and second high frequency relay is when powering up, and input signal arrives the attenuator circuit of second high frequency relay after the straight-through part of first high frequency relay, output after decaying.Be " decay ".When first high frequency relay and second high frequency relay did not power up, input signal was through the straight-through part output of first high frequency relay and second high frequency relay.Be " leading directly to ".So this amplifier has " lead directly to, amplify, decay " three functions.
Radio frequency pretreater 5 (model is RFP006) is the principle according to correlation interference direction-finding, to carrying out a series of relevant pre-service from the direction-finder antenna main and side road signal of three function amplifiers, the monitoring aerial signal of second selector.Be divided into high-end and low side RF pretreater, frequency of operation is respectively 1000MHz~3000MHz and 20MHz~1000MHz.Parts such as, HF switch synthetic comprising power division, phase tranformation, signal, the phase information of signal is converted into amplitude information after, after suitable digital operation, be transformed into phase information again.Because twice variation of signal, generally this processing unit all is used with communication satellite.We have adopted digital signal processing (DSP) technology and DSP device in a large number in native system, by Hilbert conversion and digital operation, detect the phase differential of coherent signal.For avoiding complicated time domain to handle, replace complicated integral operation with FFT and IFFT computing, realize digital Hilbert conversion, thereby improved arithmetic speed greatly, make direction finding speed bring up to present 20ms.
Single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver 6 has monitoring and direction finding dual-use function.To handle frequency conversion, demodulation, decoding (can monitor measurement to the signal of different frequency domains, modulation domain, time domain) from monitoring (direction finding) signal of radio frequency pretreater, output comprises the digital monitoring information of frequency, amplitude, frequency deviation, percentage modulation bandwidth, level, spectral image etc. and comprises signal phase and the digital direction-finding signal of amplitude characteristic.It is by serial ports and computing machine communication.Select the TSR 2040 single channel monitoring/direction-finding receivers of Israel Tadiran company in the present embodiment for use, carry out single channel monitoring and single channel correlation interferometer direction-finding.This receiver adopts pci bus structure and modular design, a template is exactly a receiving cable, template can be inserted in the industrial computer that has the PCI slot, fixes with press strip up and down, constitutes the virtual instrument platform of state-of-the-art embedded receiver computer combined in the present age.
Monitoring and direction-finding controller 7 (model is DFC 050L) is system's each several part control drive unit and dc power supply unit.Processor carries out communication by serial port and PC, accept the steering order of computing machine, outward winding pass, first selector, three function RF amplifiers, radio frequency pretreater, single channel monitoring and direction-finding receiver, second selector etc. of high low side electricity are controlled, system is monitored and direction finding radio signal according to software program.
PC 8 (ADVANTECH IPC-610) is the carrier as application software, except executive routine (comprise storage, print), also lot of data, audio frequency, video etc. are handled, it is by carrying out complicated statistic algorithm (as auto-correlation algorithm, phase-shift detection algorithm, HILBERT conversion, fft algorithm) to the information data of a large amount of collections, thereby draws the orientation of signal.It has that travelling speed is fast, capacity is big, reliable and stable, can expand, characteristics such as anti-seismic performance is good.
Monitoring aerial 9, it is divided into five kinds according to frequency range: 10KHz-20MHz (utilizing the roof platform to make), 20MHz-300MHz (pattern is active monopole vertical polarization monitoring aerial), 300MHz~3000MHz (pattern be a kind of in surface level direction-free active bipyramid omnidirectional antenna, be of a size of: base diameter 248mm; Height 318mm.), (model is WANT004R to 3GHz-18GHz, circular polarisation, be of a size of diameter 165mm * 200mm height, gain is for 2dB, VSWR<3), (model is WANT005R to 18GHz-40GHz, circular polarisation, be of a size of diameter 155mm * 180mm height, gain is 2dB, VSWR<3). input impedance is 50 Ω, and the interface pattern is N type socket.
Second antenna selector 10 is a kind of 2: 1 selector switchs, and it is therefrom chosen No. 1 monitoring aerial signal and send into the radio frequency pretreater selecting from the signal of low side vertical polarization monitoring aerial 9 and high-end vertical polarization monitoring aerial 10.It has 2 signal input parts, 1 signal output part, 1 control end.
Spectrum analyzer 11, model are MS2661C, and Japanese Anritsu company produces.
Accumulator 12 is made up of the battery of 4 joint 12V100AH.
UPS 13 is a uninterrupted power source, and model is that APC 1000VA is online.
The model of inverter 14 is S1500-212.Be to carry car engine 12VDC electric energy more than needed to be converted into the 220VAC electricity, behind UPS, power to system.
Headstock azimuth indicator 16 is the aspect that shows in real time on LCDs with respect to headstock, so that the driver in time grasps the direction that signal occurs, facilitates for searching signal fast.It links to each other with PC by serial ports.
GPS 17 is GPS (Global Positioning System), and it is made up of Aerospace Satellite, ground monitoring and subscriber equipment three parts, is widely used in all kinds of navigation positioning systems.The GPS receiver is an equipment that receives gps satellite signal and calculate the present position coordinate in real time.GPS is used for the mobile monitoring station, and its purposes is to determine the geographic position of locomotive (warp, latitude) at any time, and data are offered computing machine.On electronic chart, show current location in real time, simultaneously for showing that direction-finding bearing and cross bearing provide data.
Native system adopts GPS 12XL (jaguar) the GPS receiver of U.S. GARMIN company.GPS 12XL adopts parallel 12 passages to receive system, and is highly sensitive.
Electronic compass 18 is for the mobile monitoring station provides real-time reference azimuth data, and gives computing machine data transmission.Native system adopts the C100 type electronic compass of U.S. KVH company.