CN1663075A

CN1663075A - Double polarization dual-band radiating device

Info

Publication number: CN1663075A
Application number: CN03814895.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 穆斯塔法·贾卢勒
Original assignee: ARIALCOM
Current assignee: ARIALCOM
Priority date: 2002-06-25
Filing date: 2003-06-11
Publication date: 2005-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-11
Also published as: PT1516393E; DE60331067D1; CN100570953C; WO2004001902A1; AU2003255660A1; FR2841391B3; ATE456168T1; EP1516393B1; ES2339764T3; FR2841391A1; EP1516393A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a device comprising a first radiating element operating in a first frequency band F1, consisting of four dipoles (1, 2, 3, 4) in square arrangement and a second radiating element (23) operating in a second frequency band F2 consisting of at least one dipole arranged in the center of the square of dipoles (1, 2, 3, 4) forming the first radiating element, each dipole being center-fed by a balun. The set of radiating elements is arranged above a reflector (24). The dipoles (1, 2, 3, 4) forming the first radiating element and the baluns (8, 9, 10, 11) associated therewith are produced in a common metal plate (5), each balun of a dipole consisting of a close-circuit slotted line cut out in the metal plate (5) along a direction perpendicular to the dipole axis. The second radiating element (23) consists of at least one dipole arranged inside a metal cavity (7) located in the center of the metal plate (5). The invention is applicable to cellular radio communication networks.

Description

Double polarization dual-band radiating device

Technical field

The present invention relates to be particularly useful for antenna in the base station of cellular radio communication network of GSM or UMTS type and their radiant element.

Background technology

One dual polarised radiation element can be formed into the quadripole radiating antenna, and each dipole is made of two sections conductors of conllinear.Every section length is substantially equal to 1/4th of operation wavelength.This dipole is installed in and can supplies on the structure in source, and their position is on the reflector (overall diagram).By the reflection of radiation backward of dipole, but the directivity of the radiation diagram of the assembly that accurate adjustment forms thus (diagramme derayonnement).

Be well known that, realize a kind of in two frequency ranges work and radiation appliance orthogonal polarization, it is provided with one first radiant element around one second radiant element, described first radiant element is made of four quadrature dipoles that move on a first frequency F1 (diP  les en quadrature), described second radiant element is made of the quadrature dipole of two intersections moving on a second frequency F2, and the assembly of these elements is arranged on the reflector.

According to they orientations in the space, described dipole can be launched or receive along the electromagnetic wave of polarise (voies depolarisation), described two dual polarization paths for example are a horizontal polarization path and a perpendicular polarization path, perhaps, described dipole also can be launched or receive along staggering to become with respect to level or vertical direction ± electromagnetic wave in 45 ° two polarization paths.

But the relative orientation of second element that is placed in the first element central authorities is depended in the separation between the wave band basically.Especially, the parallel dipole of the element of working in F1 and F2 wave band separates in the frequency range greater than frequency F2 by halves, and for this reason, peripheral dipole (dip  les p é riph é riques) has a yardstick bigger than the wavelength of frequency F2.In fact, work in the peripheral dipole of frequency F1 and work in interaction between the cross dipole of frequency F2 and give the credit to jointly that directed radiation (rayonnement direct)---these dipoles are that forward is visible, but also give the credit to jointly by the reflector radiation reflected.On the contrary, the vertical-path of two radiant elements is owing to separated well according to this orthogonal geometry.If but this orthogonality no longer comes into one's own, if the dipole of especially central radiant element is directed arbitrarily with respect to the peripheral dipole that constitutes first radiant element, the coupling between the enough strong wave band (couplage) just appear at the transmission of two radiant elements or reception different paths between.

Another defective of this structure is that the radiation of central radiant element is disturbed by peripheral radiant element.In fact, this radiation is especially by the dipole of peripheral radiant element diffraction partly, thereby, radiating pattern is disclosing solution shape emotionally best, and for relatively at random an orientation of the dipole of central radiant element, this figure is asymmetric with respect to the vertical radiation main shaft of described dipole.

Thereby the still difficult two waveband radiant element of making easily that obtains, it has two linearly polarized quadrature paths that greatly separate (d é coupl é es) in a big frequency range.Realization comprises a plurality of these class radiant elements and the dual polarization oriented web difficulty more just of the good purity (puret é) of polarization is provided.

At another in the works, go for a radiant element, it has the quadrature path of two polarization, each has an one-way radiation figure, and in the diagonal plane---promptly becoming with H with the primary flat E of each dipole ± 45 ° plane in, aperture (l ' ouverture à mi-puissance) of power is basically less than 90 ° in the middle of it.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to improve this situation.

According to dual-band dual-polarized radiation appliance of the present invention, comprising: one first radiant element, it works in one first frequency range F1, is made of four dipoles by the square setting; With one second radiant element, it acts on one second frequency range F2, is made of at least one dipole of the foursquare center that is arranged on the dipole that constitutes described first radiant element.The heart is by a symmetrical device (sym é triseur) therein for each dipole, and described radiant element assembly is arranged on the reflector.

Preferably be provided with according to one, constituting the symmetrical device that the dipole of described first radiant element is connected with it is fabricated on the same metallic plate, the symmetrical device of each of one dipole is made of the line of rabbet joint line (ligne à fente en court circuit) of a short circuit, and described symmetrical device carves described second radiant element in described metallic plate upper edge perpendicular to a direction of the axle of described dipole and is made of at least one dipole of the inside of a metal chamber that is arranged on the center that is in described metallic plate.

According to another embodiment of the invention, this metallic plate and this chamber can for example be made for a monomer members by punching press.Second radiant element that works in the second frequency range F2 then is fixed in the inside and the center of the chamber of going back, described symmetrical device or balanced-to-unblanced transformer are as the supply device of second radiant element as the plane of the electrical short with at least one symmetrical device or balanced-to-unblanced transformer (balun) at its end.

Make first radiation appliance thus and second radiation appliance has very little electromagnetic interaction.This interaction only belongs to the diffraction at this chamber edge.Thereby, regardless of relative orientation at the dipole of formation second radiation appliance of chamber interior---the interval (d é couplage) between its polarised direction just, two frequency ranges is big.

Description of drawings

By the reference accompanying drawing, other characteristics of the present invention and advantage show that in the following detailed description accompanying drawing is as follows:

-Fig. 1 illustrates first execution mode that works in dual-polarized first radiation appliance in two different frequency ranges according to of the present invention;

-Fig. 2 illustrates the view along section AA of Fig. 1;

-Fig. 3 is the perspective view of a device illustrated in figures 1 and 2;

-Fig. 4 is that one of first radiation appliance shown in Figure 1 is implemented modification;

-Fig. 5 illustrates one second execution mode according to a device of the present invention;

-Fig. 6 is the view of the device of a Fig. 5 along section AA;

-Fig. 7 is the perspective view of a Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 device;

-Fig. 8 is the part perspective view of a synteny net, and a described synteny net part constitutes by two waveband shown in Figure 7 and dual-polarized radiant element and with the central radiant element of Fig. 7 single band and dual-polarized radiant element of the same type.

Embodiment

These figure mainly comprise some feature member, thereby it is not only to be used for explaining better the present invention, and it also is used in the present invention that gives a definition of the situation of needs.

Similar element is represented by identical Reference numeral in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and device shown in Figure 3, these accompanying drawings illustrate and constitute foursquare four dipoles, it cuts out in the metallic plate 5 with a center through hole 6 with reference to being designated as 1 to 4, and the openend of a radial chamber 7 leads to described center through hole.The length on the foursquare limit that is made of each dipole is generally equal to half by the wavelength of the frequency F1 ripple of dipole radiation, so as the half-power aperture of wave beam (ouverture à mi-puissance) in horizontal plane near 65 °.

But be noted that, distance (d) between two parallel dipoles of this radiant panel 5, and the resultant foursquare length of side that is formed by four dipoles 1 to 4 has been determined the directivity of the radiation diagrams of these dipoles in horizontal plane to a great extent, the half-power aperture of this radiation diagram just, and this aperture seldom depends on the length (l) of this dipole.The length of one dipole (l) has been determined its resistance, and this length according to the width of this dipole and thickness can be very greater than or not too big.The thickness of this dipole is big more, and its length is just short more.In other words, the foursquare length of side (d) is determined according to the middle power aperture that will look for, and described middle power aperture can have one and be different from 65 ° numerical value, and the length of this dipole is adjusted to and guarantees that the right resistance of described relevant parallel dipole is suitable---described resistance is 50 ohm basically, is used to constitute the polarization path of a directional diagram.According to a preferred implementation, dipole 1 to 4 and cavity 7 can be implemented as a monomer spare by this metallic plate 5 is cut with punching press.

In the dipole 1 to 4 each be should be 8 to 11 symmetrical device (sym é triseur) mutually for the source by Reference numeral, described symmetrical device is balanced-to-unblanced transformer (balun) type, and its line of rabbet joint line by the one-tenth short circuit that carves in this metallic plate 5 (ligne à fente) constitutes.

Each symmetrical device constitutes an arm strutting piece of corresponding dipole.For this reason, described plate 5 is formed into by a concentric ring body and forms around described chamber 7 access openings 6, and described annular solid comprises projection or arm 13 to 16 in its neighboring and along rectangular two directions, and they for example are rectangle, the shape or trapezoidal of cutting sth. askew, and respectively this annular solid 12 is connected to dipole 1 to 4.The radical length of this arm (h) is non-zero preferably, for example greater than 0.05 λ 1, directly contact the outside of this annular solid 12 with the inner edge of avoiding dipole, and thereby be minimized in the electric current and influencing each other between electric current mobile on this annular solid 12 that flows on the dipole.The mean breadth of arm (w) is generally 5 to 10 times to the width of this line of rabbet joint line, and it is also much smaller than the wavelength X 1 corresponding to frequency F1.

The width of this annular solid 12 is confirmed as both being enough to support dipole in mechanical aspects, aspect electromagnetism, be stabilized in the directivity of the radiation diagram of this chamber 7 in second wave band of F2 frequency again, and make middle power aperture less fluctuation of radiation diagram with the variation of frequency.This width is more preferably greater than 5/100 of frequency F2 respective wavelength λ 2.

Dipole 1 to 4 by for the source, that is to say the outer open end at the line of rabbet joint line of this symmetry device 8 to 11 at their base portion place, for example is respectively 17 to 20 coaxial cable for the source by Reference numeral.

Shown in the sectional view of Fig. 2, dipole 2 on relative two limits that are in this square on how much abreast supplies source with amplitude by two identical

coaxial lines

18 and 20 with identical phase place with 4, and a T shape coupling arrangement 21 is used to form the polarization path of a directional diagram, for example one of two parallel dipoles conventional net.Dipole for source

coaxial cable

17,18,19,20 respectively along and in a side setting of

symmetrical device

8,9,10,11.Base portion and this plate 5 of the first half of the external conductor cover (gaine) of coaxial cable 17 to 20 and this dipole electrically contact, and this central conductor is connected in second half base portion of this same dipole.Thereby obtaining two orthogonal polarizations paths, its radiation diagram is identical basically.But this connecting mode is not determinate, and alternate manner is worthy of consideration very much.

The symmetrical device of dipole is for being the line of rabbet joint line that meander shape carves in this plate 5.The meander number of each line of rabbet joint line is abundant, so that this line of rabbet joint line has 1/4th of the wavelength that is substantially equal to the frequency F1 ripple that sent by first radiant element.But line of rabbet joint line can have other shape, and for example it can be as shown in Figure 4, wherein with Fig. 1 in the similar element of element adopted identical Reference numeral, described line of rabbet joint line connects a straightway by a circle segments and constitutes, arrive a dipole for the source base portion.Described circle segments can be on this annular solid 12 Anywhere.But for fear of the coupling between frequency F1 and F2 ripple, described circle segments is preferably kept off in the edge of this through hole 6, preferably in the centre of this annular solid 12.

This wire chamber 7 can have a cylinder bodily form or small cone shape, its cross section for circular or more frequent be a Nth power equilateral polygon of 2, N=2 wherein, 3,4.......Radiant panel 5 electrically contacts with the edge 7A in this chamber.

This chamber 7 heart is therein encouraged by a radiant element 23 that works in second frequency F2.For the situation of pressing the work of single polarization pattern, this radiant element 23 can be simple dipole type, perhaps, for situation by the work of orthogonal polarization pattern, it can be the cross dipole type that is called as " turnsile (turnstile) " type in cross dipole or the English, perhaps, can be to be applicable to that other polarization type comprises the radiant element of any other type of circularly polarized.The bottom 7b of this chamber 7 is closed, thereby the radiation of radiant element 23 that should inside is unidirectional and anterior directed to this chamber 7.

Realize by " balanced-to-unblanced transformer " type symmetry device in the source that supplies that constitutes the dipole of radiant element 23.On sectional view shown in Figure 2, each symmetrical device is substantially equal to the wavelength of frequency F2 ripple by length 1/4th one first conductor tube 24 and one second conductor tube 25 constitute.Conductor 24 is connected with the bottom 7b for source base portion and this cavity of per half dipole of this radiation appliance 23 with 25 respective end by them.This first pipe 24 is passed by a central conductor 26 along its longitudinal axis, one end of described central conductor 26 connecting half dipole for the source base portion---this half dipole faces half dipole that one of end by it is connecting, and the other end of described central conductor 26 is connecting and can be connected in the central conductor that a central conductor for source connector maybe can connect a unillustrated coaxial cable.Thereby manage 24 and 25 and constitute the impedance conversion coaxial line that a described dipole is used with this central conductor, described pipe is connecting described dipole.

According to optimal way, the degree of depth of this chamber 7 approach the radiant element 23 in this cavity frequency F2 radiated wave wavelength X 2 1/4th.Radiant element 23 also approaches 1/4th of wavelength X 2 with respect to the height of the end 7b of this chamber, and the while is less than the degree of depth of this chamber 7.

For the radiation diagram in ± 45 ° the diagonal dominant matrices of tilting with respect to the primary flat E of the dipole in this chamber 7 and H less than 90 ° middle power aperture, the diameter of this chamber 7 can change by larger proportion, for example between 0.45 λ 2 to λ 2.Yet, work in the maximum gauge that necessary spacing between the dipole 1 to 4 of radiant panel 5 of frequency F1 can limit this chamber 7 according to the ratio of F1/F2.For example, be that the chamber that 80 millimeters of the diameters and the degree of depth are 40 millimeters is suitable for being implemented in about one 65 ° middle power aperture figure in GSM800 or the UMTS wave band under 170 millimeters the situation in the spacing between two of the radiant panel that the works in the GSM900 wave band parallel dipoles.

Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the chamber 7 of supporting bracket 5 is fixed on the reflector 24, and described reflector 24 has enough big size, so that the electromagnetic field at the dipole rear of radiation on reflector quilt is to front-reflection.Except its mechanism, reflector 24 also is designed for and makes the dipole radiation of this irradiation structure have one-way.This reflector 24 can comprise parapet, and its effect is a reinforcement, but also acts on the directivity of this radiation diagram.The dipole of radiant panel 5 is usually can be in 1/8 to λ 1/4 variation of λ in the frequency F1 section of λ 1 with respect to the height of reflector 24 at wavelength.

According to Fig. 5 to another execution mode shown in Figure 7, wherein with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 in similar member adopted identical Reference numeral, the dipole 1 to 4 of plate 5 is with respect to high the rising of planar section of the opening formation of chamber 7, each dipole is divided into three parts: the relative low portion 1b that is positioned at the plane of

plate

5,2b, 3b, 4b; With two high-order portion 1a that are positioned at the low portion both sides, 1c; 2a, 2c; 3a, 3c; 4a, 4c.Preferably should keep the height of the geometrical symmetry of structure to play part and also tiltably make the part that is positioned at the dipole outside the corresponding symmetrical device 8 to 11.Other various geometries that are used to make dipole can consider that also unique condition is to follow the symmetry of irradiation structure, that is to say the consistency of dipole, otherwise are exactly the consistency of paired at least by twos four parallel dipoles.Become the symmetry of electrode couple to mean that two parallel dipoles have same entire length, so that they have same impedance, and their radiation separately are identical basically.Two dipoles are to being must be consistent, because each dipole is to producing the path of independently polarizing.Its symmetry that relates to is with respect to foursquare center (O) symmetry that is made of four dipoles.

The radiate element structure of Fig. 1 to 7 is very simple, and can produce at low cost, described two waveband irradiation structure has two orthogonal polarization paths in each wave band, for example shown in Fig. 1 and 5, described orthogonal polarization path tilts ± 45 ° with respect to a vertical direction vv '.Four paths of Gou Chenging greatly separate (d é coupl é es) each other and reach 30dB thus, and in each wave band in succession, the directional diagram that radiation is unidirectional, described directional diagram have the middle power aperture less than 90 ° in horizontal plane, for example 65 °.

Preferably, can implement the conllinear alignment of a plurality of these class irradiation structures, the two waveband vertical linearity net of---for example 18dBi---to constitute a high-gain, described two waveband have tilt two orthogonal polarization roads of ± 45 ° with respect to a vertical direction vv ' in each wave band.

The execution mode of network shown in Figure 8 comprises the two waveband and the dual-polarized radiant element that work in wave band F1 (GSM900) and F2 (UMTS and/or DCS) of type shown in Figure 7 on the one hand, and comprises that on the other hand the single band and dual-polarized radiant element that works in wave band F2---its type with the central member of Fig. 7 is identical.The step-length that is used for the network of wave band F2 is half of step-length that is used for the network of wave band F1.Thereby can realize a high directivity, have regular step-length, two waveband and dual-polarized network, it has a good polarization purity, and height decoupling between different paths.It is also noted that the various radiant elements that work in wave band F2 are owing to their consistency has substantially the same phase center, it is positioned on the central shaft of this chamber, and this is perpendicular to the plane of the opening of this chamber.By to carrying out phase shift between the radiant element, this characteristic is beneficial to the electricity aiming (or end (Tilt)) of beam very much, and can also aim at the phase place of radiant element at this wave band better, to obtain the big directivity of this antenna.

That foregoing is implemented according to the present invention and work in GSM1800, the radiant element of GSM1900 and UMTS wave band can obtain the route interval near 30dB, and various radiant elements with respect to the ratio of the passive wave of 50Ohms less than 1.7: 1, and the middle power aperture of directional diagram in horizontal plane near 65 °, so that the gain in two frequency ranges is near 9dBi.

Claims

1. radiation appliance comprises: one first radiant element, and it works in one first frequency range F1, is made of four dipoles (1,2,3,4) that are provided with by square; With one second radiant element, it acts on one second frequency range F2, by at least one dipole formation of the foursquare center that is arranged on the dipole (1,2,3,4) that constitutes described first radiant element;

Each dipole heart therein supplies the source by a symmetrical device, and described radiant element assembly is arranged on the reflector (24);

It is characterized in that: the dipole (1 that constitutes described first radiant element, 2,3,4) the symmetrical device (8 that is connected with it, 9,10,11) be fabricated on the same metallic plate (5), the symmetrical device of each of one dipole is made of the line of rabbet joint line of a short circuit, described symmetrical device in described metallic plate (5) upper edge perpendicular to described dipole the axle a direction carve;

Described second radiant element (23) is made of at least one dipole of the inside of a metal chamber (7) that is arranged on the center that is in described metallic plate (5).

2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described chamber (7) is for cylindrical, conical or have a polygonal cross-section, and it is equilateral that described polygon has 2 Nth power, N=2 wherein, 3,4...... etc.

3. as claim 1 and 2 described devices, it is characterized in that: described chamber (7) is made by the described metallic plate of punching press (5).

4. as each described device in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described symmetrical device (8,9,10,11) is formed by the short slot suture, the length of described line of rabbet joint line equal substantially described first radiant element operation wavelength 1/4th.

5. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described line of rabbet joint line (8,9,10,11) is the meander shape.

6. device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described line of rabbet joint line (8,9,10,11) comprises one first straightway, thereafter one second circle segments and then.

7. as each described device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the dipole (1 that constitutes described first radiant element, 2,3,4) by the coaxial cable (17,18 that is provided with along described symmetrical device, 19,20) for the source, the first half ones of the dipole in the external conductor of each coaxial cable cover and its source that supplies electrically contact, and its central conductor is connecting the base portion of second half one of described dipole.

8. as each described device in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: constitute planar section ground high rise of the dipole (1,2,3,4) of described first radiant element with respect to the opening formation of described chamber (7).

9. as each described device in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: described chamber (7) comprises an end (7b), and described second radiant element (23) rests on by stay pipe (24,25) at the described end (7b).

10. device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: described stay pipe (24,25) constitutes the doublet cord of " balanced-to-unblanced transformer " class, is used for supplying the source to the dipole of described second radiant element (23).

11. device as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: described second radiant element (23) is formed by two rectangular cross dipoles.

12. as claim 9 or 10 described devices, it is characterized in that: described radiant element (23) approaches by 1/4th of the wavelength of the ripple of the described second radiant element radiation with respect to the height at the end (7b) of described chamber (7), and less than the degree of depth of described chamber (7).

13. as each described device in the claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth of described chamber (7) is substantially equal to by 1/4th of the wavelength of the ripple of described second radiant element (23) radiation.

14. device as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: for the cylindrical chamber of circular cross-section, or for the chamber of polygonal cross-section, the diameter of the diameter of described chamber (7) or the inscribed circle of polygonal cross-section is substantially included between 0.45 λ 2 to λ 2, and λ 2 expressions are by the wavelength of the ripple of described second radiant element (23) radiation.

15. as each described device in the claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that: described first radiant element (1,2,3,4) and second radiant element (23) in the space, be directed, be used for giving off respectively with respect to tilt two orthogonally polarized waves of ± 45 ° of a vertical direction.

16. aerial network, it is characterized in that, comprise a plurality of as each described device in the claim 1 to 15, described multiple arrangement is gone up vertical alignment at same reflector (24), and be arranged on the described reflector (24), so that formation is with respect to two orthogonal polarization paths of ± 45 ° of described vertical direction inclinations in each frequency range.