CN1492088A - Process for producing chitin fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

During the process of producing chitin fiber, coarse chitin is first decolorized and refined to obtain refined chitin with logarithmic viscosity number 4.5-5.5; the refined chitin is compounded with lithium chloride and dimethyl acetamide to obtain spinning liquid with chitin concentration of 2-10 wt%; the spinning liquid is extruded to obtain tow; and the tow is solidified and stretched in solidifying bath, washed and dried to obtain chitin fiber with monofilament titer 0.5-5 dtex, dry strength 2.0 cN/dtex, and fiber length not less than 20 mm. The present invention features the winding of the stretched fiber after water washing, and solidification bath with 75-95 % concentration ethanol solution or 40-90 deg.c hot water. The present invention has lowered production cost, less exhausted toxic effluent and less environmental pollution.

Description

The manufacture method of chitin fiber

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manufacture method of medical chitin fiber.

Background technology

For a long time, what surgical dressing was a large amount of mainly is sterilization cotton and cotton system gauze, and certain limitation is arranged in the use, itself does not possess microbial breeding and grows, though in use be easy to infect bacterium through sterilization.Therefore, develop a kind of can anti-inflammation hemostasia, the natural polymer surgical dressing that can be absorption of human body again is beyond doubt to the surgery medical treatment and reduce the work that patient's misery has realistic meaning.

Chitin (chitin) is a kind of polysaccharide that is distributed widely in occurring in nature, is the main component of the cell membranes of various fungies and shrimp, crab, insect shell, has after lysozyme decomposes in body the special performance that can be absorbed by body tissue.Chitin extracts and purifying from the difference source, generally says, extracts more convenient from shrimp, crab shell.

The manufacture method of the chitin fiber of Chinese patent CN1034351 report, its chitin concentration is that 2～10% spinning slurry is to be 4.5～5.5 elaboration chitin and lithium chloride by the logarithmic viscosity number that rough chitin obtains behind decolorizing and refining, dimethylacetylamide is by 1: (0.5～5): the preparation of (200～1000) weight ratio, also can use N-Methyl pyrrolidone to replace dimethylacetylamide, be that weight ratio is (1～5) in the coagulating bath: the dimethylacetylamide of (2～10) and the mixed liquor of ethanol, its optimum weight ratio is 3: 7, tow after extruding can stretch while solidifying, the multiple that stretches is 1～2, also can after solidifying, in washing process, stretch, draw ratio is more than 1.5 or 1.5, and fiber needs through using boiling water heat treatment before coiling.

Employed dimethylacetylamide has certain toxicity in the foregoing invention coagulating bath, thereby the chitin fiber after solidifying generally need adopt a large amount of ethanol to wash completely, has so just increased manufacturing cost.The discharging that contains the waste ethanol of dimethylacetylamide in addition after dimethylacetylamide in the coagulating bath and the washing also pollutes the environment.Moreover the price of dimethylacetylamide is also relatively more expensive.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide the manufacture method that does not contain a kind of chitin fiber of dimethylacetylamide in a kind of coagulating bath, to solve manufacturing cost height, the discharging waste liquor contamination problem of environment that existing chitin fiber manufacture method exists.

In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of method of being produced chitin fiber with wet spinning by the chitin slurries of chitin and solvent composition, in 0.1～2% potassium permanganate, flooded 0.5～3 hour by commercially available rough chitin, in 0.2～5% oxalic acid, soak a few hours again after the washing, washing, dry, behind as above decolorizing and refining, obtain logarithmic viscosity number and be 4.5～5.5 elaboration chitin, then and lithium chloride, dimethylacetylamide is by 1: (0.5～5): it is 2～10% spinning slurry that (200～1000) weight ratio preparation obtains chitin concentration; Also can use N-Methyl pyrrolidone to replace dimethylacetylamide; Be transported to the spinning cap with measuring pump after spinning slurry is handled with vacuum defoamation after filtration and extrude, the aperture of spinning cap is 0.08mm, and hole count is 60～1000 holes; It is that 10～35 ℃ of coagulating baths stretch while solidifying that tow after extruding enters temperature, draw ratio is 1～2, stretch and also can after solidifying, in washing process, carry out, draw ratio is more than 1.5 or 1.5, and behind coiling, need through using alkali treatment, thoroughly washing and drying make chitin fiber then, and the fiber after it is characterized in that stretching is reeled after the pure water washing, and is equipped with 75～95% ethanolic solutions in the coagulating bath.Also can be equipped with temperature is 40～90 ℃ of hot water.

By the chitin fiber that the inventive method is made, filament number is 0.5～5dtex, and dry strength reaches 2.0cN/dtex or higher, fibre length 〉=20mm.

Above-mentioned chitin fiber is fit to surgical field very much to be used, but twisting is woven into the suture of all size, is used for operation, and can be organized absorption; Be woven into staple fibre through shredding, one-tenth net, acupuncture, can make medical dressing, there is significant curative effect be used for scalding, burn and other ulcer etc.; Staple fibre is handled through shredding and can be made hemostatic cotton, is used for the hemostasis of various surgical wounds bleeding position, and can retain in the body and be absorbed.

Owing to do not adopt dimethylacetylamide to make solidification liquid in the coagulating bath; but adopt nontoxic, non-corrosive ethanol to make solidification liquid; promptly guaranteed the safety of personnel and equipment; reduced simultaneously consumption of ethanol in the washing procedure again; thereby it compared with prior art; reduce production cost, reduced the discharging of poisonous waste liquid, protected environment.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1: the 6g lithium chloride is dissolved in the 100g dimethylacetylamide, being stirred to lithium chloride dissolves fully, add the 3g logarithmic viscosity number again and be 4.5 elaboration chitin powder, continue to stir after 2～3 hours, the chitin spinning slurry of transparence, slurries filter with 400 purpose stainless (steel) wires, and Pressure control is at 0.2～0.4Mpa, then vacuumizing and defoaming.Slurries after treatment are delivered to the spinning cap with measuring pump.Filature cap hole footpath 0.08mm, hole count 100 holes.75～90% ethanolic solutions are adopted in coagulating bath, are preferably 80% ethanolic solution.The fiber that goes out coagulating bath continues to stretch while wash with the pure water washing, and draw ratio is 1.5, the fiber after the stretching after the pure water washing with the up-coiler coiling, chitin fiber.Fibre single thread fiber number 2.77dtex, intensity 1.93cN/dtex, fibre length 〉=20mm.Fiber is hindered products such as dressing, hemostatic cotton through operation suture thread, burning (scalding) that processing can be made into different size.

Embodiment 2: the 6g lithium chloride is dissolved in the 100gN-methyl pyrrolidone, is stirred to lithium chloride and dissolves fully, add the 3g logarithmic viscosity number again and be 5 elaboration chitin powder, continue to stir and make it be made into the transparent slurries of thickness.With the same quadrat method of embodiment, adopt 400 purpose stainless (steel) wires, under the pressure of 0.2～0.4Mpa, be filled into storage tank, negative-pressure vacuum deaeration then.The slurries of treated mistake are pumped to the spinning cap with metering.Filature cap hole footpath 0.08mm, hole count 60 holes.It is 40～90 ℃ of hot water that temperature is adopted in coagulating bath.The hot water temperature is preferably 60 ℃.Fiber after solidifying thoroughly washs with pure water again, can award the stretching of strand more than 1.5 times in the washing process, and the fiber after the stretching is reeled with up-coiler, has both made chitin fiber.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of manufacture method of chitin fiber, behind decolorizing and refining, obtain logarithmic viscosity number and be 4.5～5.5 elaboration chitin and lithium chloride, dimethylacetylamide by 1: (0.5～5) by rough chitin: it is 2～10% spinning slurry that the preparation of (200～1000) weight ratio obtains chitin concentration; Being transported to the spinning cap with measuring pump after spinning slurry is handled with vacuum defoamation after filtration extrudes, tow after extruding enters coagulating bath and stretches while solidifying, draw ratio is 1～2, stretch and also can after solidifying, in washing process, carry out, draw ratio is more than 1.5 or 1.5, and needs behind coiling through using alkali treatment, and thoroughly washing and drying make chitin fiber then, fiber after it is characterized in that stretching is reeled after the pure water washing, and is equipped with 75～95% ethanolic solutions in the coagulating bath.

2, the manufacture method of a kind of chitin fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that 75～95% ethanolic solutions that are equipped with in the coagulating bath can be that 40～90 ℃ of hot water replace with temperature.