CN1340462A - Bacillus subtilis method for biologically repairing culture environment of aquatic products - Google Patents

Abstract

A bacillus subtilis method for biologically repairing the culture environment of aquatic products includes such steps as screening bacillus subtilis from culture pool, fermenting, separating, immobilizing to obtain solid product, and adding it to culture pool, where it is quickly reproduced to decompose or transform organic substance such as residual feed and dejecta, resulting in a better environment. Its advantages include low cost, high effect, no secondary environmental pollution and no damage to culture animals.

Description

Utilize the method for biologically repairing culture environment of aquatic products of subtilis

The invention belongs to a kind of new culture environment of aquatic products guard method, is exactly to utilize subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) degraded or transform the method for culturing pond organic pollutant, repairing aquaculture environment in detail.

The environmental pollution of culture fishery mainly is Organic pollutants, and the organic pollutant in the cultivating pool mainly comes autotomy bait, ight soil etc.By Yuan Youxian etc. (1999,2000) to the research of China prawn culturing district shrimp pond sedimentary environment, find that organism and content of total nitrogen in the settling of shrimp pond accumulate with the pond age, pollution level and the pond relation of being proportionate in age at the bottom of the pond, generally pond age in the pond more than 10 years severe contamination.Japan's scholar's abundant clear grade of dike (1993) report has the Japanese coastal cage culture industry of 30 years developing histories, also has been subjected to the puzzlement from the bottom environment organic contamination.American scholar Munsiri etc. (1995) have also reported the organic contamination problem in fresh water fish pond.

The deterioration of breeding environment, become the key factor of restriction China culture fishery healthy and sustainable development, and traditional mechanical desilting, chemical degradation, change breeding environment purifying method such as water, there is purification thoroughly, easily not produce secondary pollution, shortcomings such as function are cultured in harm.The organic contamination problem of breeding environment has also begun to cause various countries scientist's great attention, is being devoted to explore new improvement method.There is the polychetes Captella sp that utilizes breeding fast to eliminate to culture the research report (dike is abundant clear etc., 1993) of organic contamination at the bottom of the pond in Japan, but degradation efficiency is lower.In recent years, a kind of effective, strong operability, utilize the microbiological deterioration organic pollutant and the research of the bioremediation technology of decontamination and environment purification is being risen, as bacterial classification being rendered to the biology in situ reparation of carrying out in the contaminated environment (In-situbioremediation), pollutent is put together the heterotopic biological reparation of handling (Ex-situbioremediation).The former is mainly used in the environment recovery in waters, arable land, as biological restoration (Prichard et al., 1991 of EPA to Alaska Oil spills; Prichard et al., 1992) and Grayling base air depot, the Michigan diesel storing biological restoration (Hicks et al., 1993) of breaking and causing deep soil and groundwater pollution; The latter is mainly used in the industry and the processing of sanitary wastewater, as benzene and derivative (John et al., 1992) thereof, chlorinated organics (Fu Xuqing etc., 1994), xylogen (Fett et al, 1992), pharmacy waste water (Wang Lei etc., 1994; Luo Guowei etc., 1994) industrialized biological of dyeing waste water (Wang Zengfu etc., 1996) etc. is handled.In the circulating water treatment that fresh water is cultured on a small scale, used immobilized biomembrane.Probiltics is abroad arranged " several purification of water quality microbial inoculums (powder) such as (Enviro-Reps Intematonal L.C.), Epicin (Canadian Epicore network company), but do not announce bacterial classification, use-pattern is also inequality.The domestic report (Yu Weijun etc., 1991) that once had the application photosynthetic bacterium to improve water quality can be eliminated small organic molecule in the water, but the effect of organic matter degradation at the bottom of the pond is restricted.And utilize organic pollutant in subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) the degraded culture environment of aquatic products, research that breeding environment is repaired do not appear in the newspapers so far.Since nineteen ninety-six, Yuan Youxian etc. have carried out the biodegradation technique research of sea water culture environment organic pollutant, obtained the subsidy of state natural sciences fund and national 863 high-tech development plans and country " 95 " Program for Tackling Key Problems, succeed in developing serial breeding environment and repaired product, and successfully be applied to demonstrate tempting application prospect in the prawn culturing.

The present invention seeks to utilize subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) to set up a kind of method for biologically repairing culture environment of aquatic products, culture organic pollutants such as the residual bait in bottom, pond, ight soil with quick elimination, for aquatic animal is built a good growth habitat.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) that utilization separates, screens from breeding environment; by the mass-producing fermentative production; the iso-electric point settling process is collected thalline; select suitable immobilization material and method; after the immobilization of viable bacteria body, make the product of being convenient to preservation, transportation.In different breeding period, culture the pond by a certain amount of input, thereby the breeding environment that pollutes is repaired.

Be described in detail operative technique content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiments of the invention are to utilize subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) to repair the shrimp culture pond sedimentary environment.

The subtilis of selecting for use (Bacillus subtilis) is wide temperature, the euryhaline species of separation screening from the shrimp culture pond sedimentary environment, all can grow under the envrionment conditions of 16～40 ℃ of temperature, salinity 10～40, pH6.4～9.0, aerobic or little oxygen.This bacterium can be in the breeding fast of shrimp culture pond bottom, degraded deposition organic pollutant for many years reaches constantly settled residual bait, ight soil etc., make it in time be converted into the inorganic nutrient salt that can be utilized by plant plankton, plant plankton can be used as the foundation bait of cultured prawn again and is utilized.Concrete operation method is:

(1) the aerobic fermentation method is produced bacterium liquid: base material formulation is industrial peptone 2.5%, yeast extract paste 0.5%, high ferric phosphate 0.02%, prepares with 4: 1 Chen Haishui and distilled water, and salinity is about 25, and pH transfers to 8.0.120 ℃ of steam sterilizing 30min, inoculum size is 3.0%, fermentation time is 18～20hr.After 1000ml triangular flask and 50L fermentor tank two-stage amplification seed culture, produce bacterium liquid with the 700L ferment tank.

(2) the iso-electric point settling process is collected thalline: regulate fermented liquid pH value to this bacterium iso-electric point 4.02 with the dilute hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, make thalline sedimentation 24hr, siphonage is inhaled and is removed supernatant liquor, and it is centrifugal to concentrate bacterium liquid again, gets wet thallus.

(3) Activated Zeolite Adsorption immobilized thallus: at first sieve is got 40～80 purpose zeolites, through the calcination activation, cools off standby.Wet thallus is made into the bacteria suspension that concentration is 3g/L with seawater, and the zeolite that weight such as adding are handled well stirs, and jolting 30min leaves standstill 2hr, and bacterium is adsorbed in zeolite surface and the hole.Pour container hollow solid carbon dioxide branch into, pack, vacuum packaging.

(4) product preservation: adopt preservation under room temperature.

(5) repairing product uses: during culturing, by per hectare 150kg bacterium powder consumption, product evenly is sprinkled into shrimp culture pond, used once in per about 10 days, this product can sink to cultures the bottom, pond, and functional bacteria can be bred fast in the bottom, sedimentary and the settled successively organic pollutant of degrading, making it in time be converted into the inorganic nutrient salt that can be utilized by plant plankton, thereby reached the reparation breeding environment, is the purpose that cultivated animals is built good growth habitat condition.

Characteristics of the present invention are: 1. selected bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) be wide temperature, Euryhaline species is at the environment of 16～40 ℃ of temperature, salinity 0～40, pH6.9～9.0, aerobic or little oxygen All can grow under the condition; 2. this bacterium is to the cultivated animals no pathogenicity; 3. this bacterium individual plant residual bait of degrading The 72hrCODMn clearance can reach more than 73%, with Bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans) and heavily fortified point Strong bacillus (Bacillus firmus) is used can be brought up to more than 80% to the degradation rate of residual bait; 4. It is active that this bacterium still can keep after immobilization, and can sink to smoothly the culturing pool bottom, in the culturing pool bottom Fast-propagation, more be conducive to degrade deposition for many years organic pollution and residual bait, the ight soil of continuous sedimentation Deng, make it in time be converted into the inorganic nutrient salt that can be utilized by phytoplankton, phytoplankton can be used as again The foundation bait of cultivated animals and being utilized; This bioremediation technology can carry out simultaneously with breeding production or Before and after cultivation, carry out, strong operability, with low cost, effect significantly, non-secondary pollution.

Claims (1)

1. culture environment of aquatic products restorative procedure that utilizes subtilis (Bacillus subtilis); it is characterized in that acting on bacterium is subtilis (Bacillus subtilis); by the mass-producing fermentative production, after separation, immobilization; make solid phase prod; drop in the aquaculture pond, degrade or transform organic pollutants such as residual bait, ight soil.