CN1322153C - Energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace - Google Patents
Energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1322153C CN1322153C CNB2004100679517A CN200410067951A CN1322153C CN 1322153 C CN1322153 C CN 1322153C CN B2004100679517 A CNB2004100679517 A CN B2004100679517A CN 200410067951 A CN200410067951 A CN 200410067951A CN 1322153 C CN1322153 C CN 1322153C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace which comprises a furnace material premelting zone comprising a shaft furnace, an aluminum liquid overheating zone comprising a reverberatory furnace, and a degassing pool and an insulation pool comprising a crucible furnace, and the furnace material premelting zone, the aluminum liquid overheating zone, the degassing pool and the insulation pool are integrated. The energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace is characterized in that an oil material or gas burner is installed only in the overheating zone, the outer furnace wall of the reverberatory furnace is circular, one side of the crucible furnace extends into the outer furnace wall of the reverberatory furnace so as to form a public furnace wall separated from the aluminum liquid overheating zone, the degassing pool and the insulation pool in the crucible furnace are separated by the separating wall, an airflow channel communicated with the aluminum liquid overheating zone is arranged above the degassing pool, an aluminum liquid flow inlet communicated with the bottom of a melting pool in the aluminum liquid overheating zone is positioned on the middle part of the degassing pool, and an aluminum liquid channel through which the degassing pool is communicated with the insulation pool is positioned at the bottom of the separating wall. The energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace solves the technical problems of the integration of melting and denitrification refining, improvement in heat efficiency, consumption saving, and the assurance of the quality of aluminum liquid.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous aluminum alloy melting-a refining unit, especially relate to the preheating of a kind of collection shaft furnace formula, the melting batch district, the refining of degassing of reverberatory furnace formula aluminium liquid overheated zone and crucible oven formula, the insulated pouring district forms one, except that being installed in reverberatory furnace formula aluminium liquid overheated zone, fuel oil or gas burner heat supplied heat each zone, do not re-use fusing of fuel or electric energy or heating aluminium liquid, thereby saved charge preheating, melt the refining of degassing of required heat energy and aluminium liquid, be incubated the transportation of required electric energy and aluminium liquid, the energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace of the calorific loss in the distribution process.
Background technology:
Along with China's rapid economic development, aluminum products are used and are increased day by day.Molten aluminium, the refining of degassing, cast are numerous aluminium casting first road production links.General workshop often will be melted electric furnace or the reverberatory furnace that aluminium uses and will be arranged in different zones with the electric mantle heater that degass.Aluminium liquid is by reverberatory furnace/electric furnace or flow into crucible type through chute and degas in the stove or be contained in earlier in the aluminium water bag, pours into then and adjusts temperature and Chemical Composition in the electric furnace, again through promptly pourable after the refining treatment of degassing.Stage dispersive melting systems like this, aluminium liquid is several times transported and is sent, and temperature is lifting repeatedly, and calorific loss is a lot of, and thermo-efficiency is very low.Usually per kilogram aluminium liquid needs the refining of degassing smoothly of technologies such as electricity consumption 0.2-0.4 degree could guarantee, cast.In addition, aluminium liquid generates inclusion in the easy oxidation of transport process, has reduced alloy mass.How current China power supply shortage improves molten aluminium system thermal efficiency, saves electric energy, can guarantee that casting quality is one of metallurgical boundary focus of attention again always.
Last century, the eighties had the people to utilize reverberatory furnace combustion exhaust waste heat preheating furnace charge to improve thermo-efficiency (439 145 1984 on March 27, of R.Strassman:Aluminum furnace and preheat therefore USP04).Refining is carried out smoothly but still need employing electric furnace adjustment temperature of aluminum liquid guarantees to degas, and can not save electric energy.The present inventor once joined the dry type reverberatory furnace and the holding furnace that degass together at this shortcoming, had cancelled the insulation resistance furnace that degass, and had simplified melting process, and had saved electric energy.But the aluminium liquid levels temperature difference in reverberatory furnace molten bath is very big, sometimes up to 60-70 ℃, causes the fierce oxidation and air-breathing of aluminium liquid easily, causes the aluminium casting quality to descend.In addition, cold stock directly is added in the fluctuation that also causes temperature of aluminum liquid in the reverberatory furnace easily, all brings many difficulties to technological operation.(energy-saving aluminium alloy continous way melts-degass stove, 13/17 page of " Special Processes of Metal Castings and non-ferrous alloy " 1996 the 2nd phase).
Shaft furnace melting aluminum alloy appears utilizing in late nineteen eighties in the world, patent (D.Barnes, J.Bass, J.Butler with the thermo-efficiency that improved molten aluminium greatly, R.Mckenzie:Vertical shaft furnacemelting aluminum.USP on December 10th, 04844426,1986).This class melting appartus still need adopt electric furnace superheated aluminum liquid, and the refining operation that degass can not reach the purpose of economize on electricity.
Almost meanwhile, occur the molten aluminium holding furnace of continous way in the world again, it integrates shaft furnace, reverberatory furnace and refining holding furnace, has simplified melting process greatly, has made full use of the heat of combustion gas, has improved thermo-efficiency.(middle island light is modest: the metal fusion keeps stove.Taiwan patent announcement numbers 134093, May 11 nineteen ninety and 145219, November 1 nineteen ninety.) the shaft furnace internal diameter of this melting appartus is cylindric, scaffold easily.The temperature of aluminum liquid in insulation pond relies on raising overheated zone temperature of aluminum liquid to keep.Overheated zone/degas two aluminium liquid outflow/inlets between pond or the pond of the degassing/insulation pond almost on same horizontal plane, though aluminium liquid can unblockedly flow, transmit heat, do not have enough time of repose and get rid of inclusion, and therefore, casting quality is difficult to guarantee.ZhanBing Cai has proposed improved structure at these shortcomings.(on May 11st, 1996, the Taiwan patent announcement numbers 275822, fused the improvement structure () of holding furnace continuously with the gas of what aluminium; The ZL patent No. was used for the coal gas continuous melting holding furnace of aluminium on September 27th, 95224445.4,1997).Between the pond of degassing/insulation pond, be provided with and leave standstill the pond, and lay the ceramic honeycomb screen plate leaving standstill between pond/insulation pond, prevent from that inclusion from sneaking into to be incubated the pond.Degas temperature of aluminum liquid in the holding furnace of these modified versions still relies on and improves the overheated zone temperature of aluminum liquid and keep, and screen plate must frequent transposing could aluminum filtration liquid, guarantee alloy mass.These measures bring many difficulties to technological operation, can not guarantee that casting quality and melting process carry out smoothly.Therefore, the molten aluminium stove of new in recent years continous way all adopts outer (electricity or gas) hot type holding furnace that degass, adjust temperature of aluminum liquid, and no longer adopt the inclusion (T.Okada in the screen plate removal aluminium liquid, H.Yoshikawa, M.Matsuura, T.Sano, T.Hatanaka:Melting/retaining furnace for aluninum ingot.EP1136778A1, September 26 calendar year 2001 and Noh.H.H:Composite melting furnace for aluminum hasa Rostolcasing coupled to the lower part of the melting tower to support theraw material and flow down molten metal.KR2003003299-A on January 10th, 2003, Derwent numbers 2004-312071).But these type of furnaces are neither can saves energy.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace, solve integrate preheating, melt, degas, refining, not only improved thermo-efficiency, energy efficient but also guaranteed the technical problem of aluminium liquid quality.
The above-mentioned technical problem that the present invention solves realizes in the following manner:
A kind of energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace, comprise three integral parts in pond and insulation pond that degas that the furnace charge premelt district that is made of shaft furnace that joins together, aluminium liquid overheated zone that reverberatory furnace constitutes and crucible oven constitute, it is characterized in that: oil plant or gas burner only are installed in aluminium liquid overheated zone, and the outer furnace wall of reverberatory furnace is a garden shape; Crucible oven one side of semicircular in shape extends in the reverberatory furnace outer furnace wall, forms the public furnace wall of separating with aluminium liquid overheated zone; The pond of degassing in the crucible oven is separated by partition wall with the insulation pond; Degas pond top has the gas channel that communicates with aluminium liquid overheated zone, and the aluminium liquid influx that communicates with bottom, molten bath in the aluminium liquid overheated zone is positioned at the middle part, pond of degassing, and the aluminium liquid passage of linking up degas pond and insulation pond is positioned at the partition wall bottom.
It is characterized in that: be provided with and nitrogen fed the molten bath of aluminium liquid overheated zone and the nitrogen in the pond of the degassing device that degass.
It is characterized in that: the partition wall in public furnace wall between this crucible oven and the reverberatory furnace and the crucible oven is the refractory materials of heat conduction.
It is characterized in that: be provided with the air flue that is communicated with furnace charge premelt district to the shaft furnace, aluminium liquid overheated zone in the furnace wall of this reverberatory furnace.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, can save the purified power consumption that degass in the prior art.
2, aluminium liquid levels equalizing temperature in the molten bath does not need to improve the overheated zone temperature of aluminum liquid, avoids the fierce oxidation and air-breathing of aluminium liquid.
3, heat conduction refractory materials partition wall guarantees that heat passes to degas pond and insulation pond by the overheated zone, satisfies temperature of aluminum liquid and degass, pours into a mould requirement.
4, aluminium liquid has enough residence time fully to degas and inclusion in the degas pond and the pond of preserving moisture.
5, easy to operate, manpower and equipment less investment efficient height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the energy-saving continous way fusing-refining of a present invention body of heater vertical view.
Fig. 2 is Figure 1A-A sectional view.
Fig. 3 is Figure 1B-B sectional view.
Embodiment:
The present invention joins shaft furnace 3, reverberatory furnace 7 and crucible oven 16 together, referring to Fig. 1 and 2, constituted preheating melting area 2, aluminium liquid overheated zone 8 and degas pond 12 and insulation pond 15, fuel (oil plant or coal gas) burner (not marking in the figure) only is installed in the aluminium liquid overheated zone 8 of reverberatory furnace 7.Reverberatory furnace 7 is circular, to reduce the furnace wall heat lost by radiation of environment towards periphery.The preheating melting area 2 that is positioned at shaft furnace 3 is the waist drum shape, can prevent scaffold, guarantees that furnace charge evenly falls.The cold metal furnace charge comprises aluminium ingot, foundry returns and smear metal briquetting drop in the stove from shaft furnace 3 top charging openings 1, in dropping process, carry out heat exchange with the furnace gas that rises, temperature rises gradually, some is fused into drips shape, some is the semi-melting state, enter the aluminium liquid overheated zone 8 of reverberatory furnace 7 by the passage 19 of shaft furnace 3 bottoms, and form molten bath 14 through the bottom that inclination siege 20 accumulates in reverberatory furnace burner hearth 8, the aluminium liquid of the high-temperature furnace gas of burner combustion in heating molten bath 14, also the furnace chamber through reverberatory furnace 7 divides three directions to overflow, most high-temperature furnace gas enters shaft furnace 3 bottoms by passage 19,4 enters atmosphere through preheating melting area 2 from the air outlet again.The aluminium material that in the furnace gas uphill process part heat transferred is fallen has heated metal; The furnace gas of second part also enters preheating melting area 2 by the air flue 5 of gas port 6 in being opened in furnace wall, has both heated the furnace wall of reverberatory furnace 7, has heated the aluminium furnace charge again; A spot of the 3rd part furnace gas has heated aluminium liquid by the upper space that gas channel 9 enters the pond 12 of degassing.Aluminium liquid 8 stopped 2-3 hour in aluminium liquid overheated zone usually.In aluminium liquid overheated zone 8, also be provided with the nitrogen device (not shown) that degass, nitrogen is fed in the aluminium liquid in molten bath 14, constantly slowly rise in the aluminium liquid of nitrogen vesicle in molten bath 14, mild agitation aluminium liquid, make levels temperature of aluminum liquid homogenizing, its contrast situation is shown in Table 1, and effect is fairly obvious.
Table 1 nitrogen-burst agitation is to the influence of temperature of aluminum liquid gradient in the aluminium liquid overheated zone bath ℃
| No nitrogen-burst agitation | Slight nitrogen is stirred | |
| Upper strata temperature of aluminum liquid scope and medial temperature | (814-778) 796 | (743-700) 725 |
| Lower floor's temperature of aluminum liquid scope and medial temperature | (760-683) 729 | (730-686) 715 |
| Levels aluminium liquid mean temperature difference | 67 | 10 |
Aluminium liquid is increased to proper temperature gradually, flows into the pond 12 of degassing from aluminium liquid spout 10 again.Can observe the working of a furnace, removing slag from fire door 17.
Crucible oven 16 1 sides are extended to by the furnace wall of fire-resistant thermally conductive material manufacturing that public furnace walls separate it and aluminium liquid overheated zone 8 in the reverberatory furnace 7, middle partition wall 11 with fire-resistant thermally conductive material with crucible oven 16 be separated into degas pond 12 be incubated pond 15.Be arranged on the aluminium liquid influx 10 that communicates with 14 bottoms, 8 molten baths, aluminium liquid overheated zone on the above-mentioned public furnace wall, be located at 12 pool walls middle part, the pond (see figure 3) of degassing.Nitrogen device (not shown) is equipped with in the pond 12 of degassing, can be continuously or intermittently to the operation of degassing of aluminium liquid.Partition wall 11 lower ends of degassing between pond 12 and the insulation pond 15 are provided with aluminium liquid communication port 13.Aluminium liquid influx 10 and aluminium liquid communication port 13 be not on sustained height, also not in same direction.This drop guarantees that aluminium liquid gone into to degas behind the pond 12 by aluminium liquid overheated zone 8 Chung, has time enough (20-30 minute) and the little nitrogen bubble that rises at the bottom of the pond to interact in the decline flow process, obtains the refining of degassing.Partition wall 11 plays and prevents that slag and inclusion from entering the effect of insulation pond 15 recontamination aluminium liquid.The aluminium liquid of refining enters insulation 15 bottoms, pond from aluminium liquid communication port 13, has time enough (40-50 minute) to continue to get rid of inclusion in the process that aluminium liquid rises.At last, the aluminium liquid of cleaning rises to liquid level, can be for cast.Top, pond one side of degassing has gas channel 9 to communicate with the overheated zone.Like this, the aluminium liquid in degas pond 12 and the insulation pond 15 can obtain heat from following three aspects,
(1) a large amount of high temperature aluminum melts constantly pour in the pond of degassing by crossing aluminium liquid hot-zone 8, have brought heat;
(2) high-temperature furnace gas enters pond 12 upper spaces that degas from gas channel 9, has heated metal melt;
(3) heat of aluminium liquid overheated zone burner hearth and bath 14 has heated metal melt by being transferred to each pond aluminium liquid with the total thermally conductive material furnace wall of crucible oven 16, has slowed down the decline of temperature of aluminum liquid effectively, guarantees that they have suitable each arts demand of Wen Du Full foot.
Below by specific embodiment, further set forth substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and obvious improvement, but the present invention only is confined to embodiment by no means.
Embodiment:
500 kilograms in the per hour molten aluminium of the molten aluminium stove of existing continous way.Two heavy oil combustion machines, per hour 20 kilograms of oil consumption are installed in the overheated zone.Adopt three 30,000 watts of resistance furnaces (every contain aluminium water 500 kilograms) operation simultaneously, adjust temperature of aluminum liquid to 700 ℃ after, with nitrogen to the processing of degassing of aluminium liquid.Through after skimming, leaving standstill, cast auto parts blank.This operation was approximately carried out 3 hours.Per kilogram aluminium alloy current consumption is about 0.20 degree.After making structure of the present invention into, can guarantee to obtain suitable temperature of aluminum liquid (seeing Table 2), thereby cancel resistance furnace, aluminium water per ton is saved 200 degree.
Table 2 different sites temperature of aluminum liquid ℃
| The overheated zone | The pond of degassing | The cast pond |
| Temperature range (738-713)Medial temperature 729 | (721-715) 713 | (704-695) 698 |
Claims (5)
1, a kind of energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace, comprise three integral parts in pond and insulation pond that degas that the furnace charge premelt district that is made of shaft furnace that joins together, aluminium liquid overheated zone that reverberatory furnace constitutes and crucible oven constitute, it is characterized in that: oil plant or gas burner only are installed in aluminium liquid overheated zone, and the outer furnace wall of reverberatory furnace is a garden shape; Crucible oven one side extends in the reverberatory furnace outer furnace wall, forms the public furnace wall of separating with aluminium liquid overheated zone; The pond of degassing in the crucible oven is separated by partition wall with the insulation pond; Degas pond top has the gas channel that communicates with aluminium liquid overheated zone, and the aluminium liquid influx that communicates with bottom, molten bath in the aluminium liquid overheated zone is positioned at the middle part, pond of degassing, and the aluminium liquid passage of linking up degas pond and insulation pond is positioned at the partition wall bottom.
2, according to the described energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with nitrogen is fed the molten bath of aluminium liquid overheated zone and the nitrogen in the pond of the degassing device that degass.
3, energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the partition wall in public furnace wall between this crucible oven and the reverberatory furnace and the crucible oven is the refractory materials of heat conduction.
4, energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the partition wall in public furnace wall between this crucible oven and the reverberatory furnace and the crucible oven is the refractory materials of heat conduction.
5, according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnaces, it is characterized in that: be provided with the air flue that is communicated with furnace charge premelt district to the shaft furnace, aluminium liquid overheated zone in the furnace wall of this reverberatory furnace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100679517A CN1322153C (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2004-11-09 | Energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace |
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| CNB2004100679517A CN1322153C (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2004-11-09 | Energy-saving continuous aluminum alloy melting-refining furnace |
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| CN1322153C true CN1322153C (en) | 2007-06-20 |
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| CN101968307B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-04-24 | 吴春平 | Thermal energy utilization system of reverberatory furnace |
| CN107655331B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-03-26 | 江苏粤阜合金材料有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type aluminium melting furnace and its method of smelting |
| CN113981227A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-01-28 | 江门市蓬江区巨盈五金有限公司 | Environment-friendly melting and recycling device and process method for hazardous waste aluminum material |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85201505U (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1985-09-10 | 颜孟秋 | Quick aluminum melting furnace |
| US4832911A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1989-05-23 | Alcan International Limited | Method of alloying aluminium |
| SU1719838A1 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1992-03-15 | Пензенский Политехнический Институт | Reverberate shaft furnace for melting aluminum and aluminum alloys |
| WO1999000172A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. | Leukapheretic filter medium |
-
2004
- 2004-11-09 CN CNB2004100679517A patent/CN1322153C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85201505U (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1985-09-10 | 颜孟秋 | Quick aluminum melting furnace |
| US4832911A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1989-05-23 | Alcan International Limited | Method of alloying aluminium |
| SU1719838A1 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1992-03-15 | Пензенский Политехнический Институт | Reverberate shaft furnace for melting aluminum and aluminum alloys |
| WO1999000172A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Asahi Medical Co., Ltd. | Leukapheretic filter medium |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 铝合金熔化保温一体炉 杨国利、于强，工业加热，第1期 2000 * |
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