Background technology
Cefixime Micronized (II), chemical name: (6R, 7R)-7-[(Z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-(carboxymethoxyl imino-) kharophen]-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate is semi-synthetic third generation oral cephalosporin, gram-positive microorganism and Gram-negative bacteria all there are stronger anti-microbial effect, highly stable to β-Nei Xiananmei.
According to bibliographical information, Cefixime Micronized generally makes by following synthetic method.
R wherein
1For hydrogen or carboxyl-protecting group to methoxybenzyl, diphenyl-methyl etc., R
2Be lower aliphatic alkyl such as carboxy protective ylmethyl, tertiary butyl, Z is chlorine or mercaptobenzothiazole etc.
Compound (III) is transformed into Cefixime Micronized (II) by deprotection base under alkalescence or acidic conditions.Because cynnematin is to the alkali instability, deprotection base under alkaline condition, yield low, of poor quality (DE19846449).In addition; carry out deprotection reaction at acidic conditions; as: with method [the Tetrahedron Lett. of aluminum chloride/methyl-phenoxide; 2793 (1979)], with the method (EP030630) of trifluoroacetic acid/methyl-phenoxide, with 99% formic acid be the method (WO98/31685) of deprotection agent and solvent, with the method [J.Org.Chem. of phenols; 56; 3633 (1991)] or the like; the method of these acidic conditions deprotection bases; because a large amount of protonic acids or the existence of strong lewis acid; side reactions such as cis-trans isomerization easily take place, and operation is loaded down with trivial details, yield is low, cost is high.Have among the WO98/31685 open again; during deprotection reaction (99% formic acid); add a large amount of vitriol oil formation Cefixime Micronized vitriol and separate out, because by product also becomes to salt out gained vitriol purity difference, low, the sad filter of yield, the easy moisture absorption, difficult dry with sulfuric acid.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, a kind of preparation method of Cefixime Micronized is provided with not enough.
The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals: it comprises by structural formula (III) compound in organic solvent, with high hydracid and organic proton acid-respons, makes the deprotection reaction of Cefixime Micronized perhalide (I); The free again Cefixime Micronized (II) that obtains of structural formula (I) compound.
Wherein: R
1The expression hydrogen, to methoxybenzyl, diphenyl-methyl etc., R
2Lower aliphatic alkyl such as expression methyl, tertiary butyl.
Deprotection reaction by structural formula (III) compound generating structure formula (I) of the present invention carries out under 0-100 ℃ of temperature condition, preferred 5-50 ℃.
Structural formula of the present invention (I) compound is free again can adopt mineral alkali for example sodium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, saturated solution of sodium carbonate, saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate or the like dissociate, make Cefixime Micronized (II).
High hydracid of the present invention is perchloric acid, hyperbromic acid, Periodic acid; Its consumption is a 0.5-5 times of equivalent with respect to compound (III).Preferred 1-2 times of equivalent.
The organic protonic acid that uses among the present invention, the weak acid of preferred pKa=3-5, as: formic acid, acetate, Mono Chloro Acetic Acid, trifluoroacetic acid etc. replace or unsubstituted low-grade alkyl carboxylic acid, replacement such as phenylformic acid, toluylic acid or unsubstituted aromatic carboxylic acid etc.The consumption of organic protonic acid is a 1-20 times of equivalent with respect to compound (III), preferred 3-10 times of equivalent.
Organic solvent of the present invention is ester class, nitrile, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketone, halogenated hydrocarbon.Nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ester classes such as methyl-formiate, ethyl formate, butyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, ketone such as acetone, methyl butyl ketone, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride, chloroform, ethylene dichloride, tetracol phenixin, preferred solvent is benzene, toluene, tetracol phenixin, chloroform, methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride.The consumption of organic solvent, 1g is generally 2-100ml with respect to compound (III), preferred 5-50ml.
The preparation method's of Cefixime Micronized of the present invention concrete synthetic route is as follows:
Wherein: R
1The expression hydrogen, to methoxybenzyl, diphenyl-methyl etc., R
2Lower aliphatic alkyl such as expression methyl, tertiary butyl.
The preparation method of Cefixime Micronized of the present invention compares with prior preparation method has following significant positively effect:
The compound (III) of band protecting group is sloughed protecting group with high hydracid and organic protonic acid in organic solvent, form highly purified Cefixime Micronized perhalide (I) and separate out, and Cefixime Micronized perhalide (I) is again with the free Cefixime Micronized (II) that obtains of a spot of alkali.Cefixime Micronized purity height, appearance color that this method obtains are shallow, yield height, and the inconvenience of having avoided a large amount of alkaline extraction Cefixime Micronizeds of direct usefulness to bring.Be a cheapness, prepare the method for Cefixime Micronized efficiently, be particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited in the following specific embodiment operation that provides.
Embodiment 1.
In the reaction flask of 500ml, add 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole)-[(tertiary butyl oxygen acetyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid [III] 15g, methylene dichloride 150ml, formic acid 21ml, perchloric acid 12ml was warming up to 30 ℃ of insulated and stirred 2 hours.Be cooled to below 5 ℃, separate out solid, filter, the dry light yellow 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole that gets)-[(carboxymethyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid perchlorate [I] 16.5g, yield 91.7%, HPLC 98%.
1H-NMR(DMSO):3.6,3.8(ABq,2H),4.69(s,2H),5.20(d,1H),5.31(d,1H),5.59(d,1H),5.79(dd,1H),6.92(dd,1H),6.99(s,1H),9.71(d,1H)。
Embodiment 2
In the reaction flask of 500ml, add 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole)-[(tertiary butyl oxygen acetyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-7 vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid [III] 5g, ethyl acetate 100ml, formic acid 3ml, perchloric acid 2ml was warming up to 40 ℃ of insulated and stirred 1 hour.Be cooled to below 5 ℃, separate out solid, filter, the dry light yellow 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole that gets)-[(carboxymethyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid perchlorate [I] 5.2g, yield 87%, HPLC 98.2%.
1H-NMR(DMSO):3.6,3.8(ABq,2H),4.69(s,2H),5.20(d,1H),5.31(d,1H),5.59(d,1H),5.79(dd,1H),6.92(dd,1H),6.99(s,1H),9.71(d,1H)。
Embodiment 3
In the reaction flask of 500ml, with 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole)-[(carboxymethyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid perchlorate [I] 16g is suspended in the water of 150ml, be cooled to below 5 ℃, drip saturated solution of sodium carbonate, after the solid stirring and dissolving, add carbon decolouring 1 hour.Filter, filtrate transfers to pH2.5 with the hydrochloric acid of 4N, and 5 ℃ were stirred 0.5 hour, and leached solid, the dry 7-[[(2-amino-4-thiazole that gets)-and [(carboxymethyl) oxime] acetyl] amino]-3-vinyl-8-oxygen-5-thia-1-azabicyclic [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (II, Cefixime Micronized) 12g.HPLC?98.3%
1H-NMR(DMSO-D6):3.54,3.8(ABq,2H),4.58(s,2H),5.20(d,1H),5.31(d,1H),5.59(d,1H),5.80(dd,1H),6.80(s,2H),6.86(dd,2H),7.24(s,2H),9.54(d,1H)。
IR:3536cm
-1,3297cm
-1,2948cm
-1,3300-2500cm
-1,1771cm
-1,1668cm
-1,1096cm
-1。