CN1296417A - 控释制剂 - Google Patents
控释制剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1296417A CN1296417A CN99804948A CN99804948A CN1296417A CN 1296417 A CN1296417 A CN 1296417A CN 99804948 A CN99804948 A CN 99804948A CN 99804948 A CN99804948 A CN 99804948A CN 1296417 A CN1296417 A CN 1296417A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- controlled release
- methacrylic acid
- ethyl acrylate
- medicine
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明提供一种至少含有1种药物活性成分的控释制剂,其特征在于,由阳性部件和阴性部件构成,它们相互嵌合构成整体,内部封入活性物质,该阳性部件由肠液凝胶化材料形成。优选阳性部件含有丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物以及甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物,阴性部件由水不溶性高分子构成。采用本发明的控释制剂,仅在pH比较接近中性的领域阳性部件发生凝胶化变得透水,脉冲式释放药物。因此,可以使药物在小肠下部或大肠等局部有效发挥作用,使肽等不至被分解而到达上述局部。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及控制活性物质特别是药物活性成分释放的新型制剂。更详细的说,本发明涉及适于给药后经过一定的延迟时间(不释放药物的时间)在比较短的时间内释放药物的制剂,即脉冲型释放制剂。
背景技术
在药物疗法中,在(1)针对溃疡性大肠炎等炎症性肠疾病的局部治疗或(2)在小肠内容易被化学分解或酶分解的肽性药物口服给药治疗等领域中,期望药物选择性的到达小肠下部或大肠。因此,近年来为了使药物选择性的到达小肠下部或大肠,考虑到人消化道内的物理、生理环境以及制剂在消化道中移动时间,进行了制剂设计。
例如,迄今为止的肠溶性制剂或缓释性制剂并不是从这种视点出发进行制剂设计的,前一制剂在胃中有效抑制药物溶出,在小肠上部药物迅速溶出,大部分药物被吸收或分解,不能到达大肠。另外,后一制剂存在的问题是:由于药物是持续溶出的,制剂通过胃、小肠时有相当多的药物溶出。
另外,具有水不溶性高分子和肠溶性高分子组合而成的控释膜的制剂也是已知(特开平3-7238号,欧洲专利40590号),这是口服给药后或移行到小肠后药物缓慢溶出的制剂,它不是控制溶出开始时间或溶出开始pH,不能将药物集中地带到消化道下部。
鉴于上述现有肠溶制剂和缓释制剂的缺点,以更高度、高性能的药物传送系统为目标,逐步开发了以消化道内适当部位(特别是小肠、大肠等消化道下部)的特定领域作为靶部位,可以在该部位正确释放药物的新型控制制剂。
作为采用制剂学方法制得的各种在消化道下部部位特异性释放药物的口服给药系统,已知利用制剂在消化道中移动的时间控制释放开始时间的方法或利用肠内细菌控制释放部位的方法等。
在特公平2-58246号中公开了一种压缩片剂,无论药物在胃中滞留时间长短,均可在结肠特异性崩解释放出活性成分。但是,该压缩片剂是利用结肠内存在的细菌的制剂,因此存在下述缺点:由于结肠内细菌的个体差异崩解时间各不相同,肠内细菌的分解活性低时分解需要花费时间。
特开平4-235123号公报中公开了一种由丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物(Eudragit RS,注册商标,Rohm Pharma公司)以及疏水性盐(硬脂酸钙)构成的被膜包衣的控释型制剂。这是在一定时间后释放药物化合物的所谓S型控释制剂,通过控制被膜中水的透过速度,控制溶出开始的时间,为了准确控制溶出开始时间,有必要正确控制被膜量。另外,被膜厚的情况下,还存在溶出开始后难以得到药物快速溶出速度的缺点。而且,该制剂是口服给药一定时间后释放药物的系统,难以确定特定释放部位。
特开平4-264022号中公开了一种下部消化道释放型口服制剂,它在以壳聚糖为主体的基质构成的硬胶囊中填充含有固体有机酸和主药成分的固体制剂,在上述胶囊的表面形成肠溶性被膜。这是通过硬胶囊的厚度调节溶出开始的时间,为了控制溶出开始时间,必须正确控制胶囊膜的厚度。
特表平4-505004号中公开了一种控释制剂,它是用水膨润性栓塞住水不溶性胶囊,在吸水的同时栓开始膨润,一定时间后栓脱落,胶囊内的药物释放出来。但是,该制剂是口服给药一定时间后释放药物的系统,制剂在胃内的滞留时间存在个体差异,因此确定消化道内的释放部位是非常困难的。
这些现有的局部治疗用肠溶制剂也存在结构复杂、由于pH或胃内滞留时间等个体差异溶出时间各不相同的缺点,难以控制延迟时间,而且从溶出开始后迅速全量溶出得到有效血药浓度的角度来看是不够的。
因此,作为利用制剂在消化道内的移行时间的系统,由于制剂通过小肠的时间在个体之间几乎是一定的,考虑出几种可以排除制剂在胃内滞留时间的不同,利用在小肠内移动时间的系统。这些系统在胃内滞留时药物不释放,由胃排出移行到小肠一定时间后,也就是在离胃有一定距离的部位,例如消化道下部的大肠部位可以特异性释放药物。
具体的说,例如特开平4-501411号中公开了一种通过实施3层包衣使药物在一定延迟时间后释放的制剂,这3层包衣是:在pH7.0以上溶解的阴离子性共聚物包衣形成的内部层,含有pH非依存性膨润凝胶化形成凝胶层的凝胶化聚合物的中间层以及含有在肠内迅速溶解的适量胃耐性聚合物的外层部。但是,该制剂由于凝胶化聚合物的溶解速度容易受消化道内运动的影响,可能会造成延迟时间各不相同,如上所述它也是结构、制备方法非常复杂的系统,存在缺点。
此外还公开了对上述特表平4-505004号的制剂实施肠溶性被膜使之到达大肠的系统,特开平8-143476号中公开了用丙烯酸类聚合物混合物包衣的制剂,另外特开平9-87169号中公开了用低pH物溶性被膜被覆含有酸性物质的胶囊系统。
但是,这些同时具有肠溶性被膜的机能和控制药物释放时间的机能两者的系统其现状是结构非常复杂,而且制备时需要花费时间和劳动。
本发明的目的在于提供一种在预先设定的时间和pH下可以迅速释放药物的制剂。
发明公开
本发明人为了开发一种到达小肠或大肠等消化道下部特定部位之前不释放药物,到达该部位后脉冲地迅速释放药物全量的口服制剂,进行了悉心的研究,结果发现仅由至少2个相互嵌合型部件形成,其中用肠液凝胶化材料形成的阳性部件(栓)塞住内包有活性物质的阴性部件的制剂,在胃内低pH领域药物完全不释放,仅在小肠和大肠等pH比较接近中性的领域阳性部件接触肠液的侧面缓慢凝胶化,一定时间后阳性部件厚度最薄的部分凝胶化变得透水,同时将药物短时间脉冲式释放出来,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的控释制剂是至少含有1种药物活性成分的控释制剂,其特征在于,由阳性部件和阴性部件构成,它们相互嵌合构成整体,内部封入活性物质,该阳性部件由肠液凝胶化材料形成。
优选方案是阳性部件含有作为肠液凝胶化材料的丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物以及甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物。
更优选上述丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的共聚比(丙烯酸乙酯∶甲基丙烯酸甲酯∶甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵(摩尔比))为约1∶2∶0.1~0.2,另外更优选甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的共聚比(甲基丙烯酸∶丙烯酸乙酯(摩尔比))为约1∶1。
更优选相对于上述丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物1重量份,含有甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物0.3~20重量份。
另外,本发明控释制剂的优选方式是阴性部件由水不溶性高分子构成。
另外,本发明控释制剂的优选方式是剂型为片剂或胶囊剂。
图面的简单说明
图1表示本发明制剂(胶囊剂)的模式图。
图2表示本发明制剂(片剂)的模式图。
图3是表示试验例1在日本药典第2液中药物溶出试验结果的图。
发明的详细说明
本发明提供一种含有活性成分的控释制剂,它由内包含有活性物质的至少2个相互嵌合的部件形成,其阳性部件由肠液凝胶化材料构成,在pH低的胃液中形态不发生变化,仅在pH高的肠液(pH5.5以上)中润湿时缓慢凝胶化变得透水。
本发明的制剂优选阴性部件具有1~2开口部,上述开口部用肠液凝胶化物质构成的栓形成封闭状态,在肠液中浸渍时上述栓从表面凝胶化变得透水,最薄的部分完全凝胶化的同时活性物质脉冲式释放到周围环境中。
本发明的制剂所使用的阳性部件由肠液凝胶化材料构成。肠液凝胶化材料优选丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物和甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的混合物。特别是更优选使用丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的共聚比(丙烯酸乙酯∶甲基丙烯酸甲酯∶甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵(摩尔比))为约1∶2∶0.1~0.2,甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的共聚比(甲基丙烯酸∶丙烯酸乙酯(摩尔比))为约1∶1的上述高分子的混合物。
共聚比(丙烯酸乙酯∶甲基丙烯酸甲酯∶甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵)为约1∶2∶0.1~0.2的丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的具体实例可以举出Eudragit RS(注册商标,Rohm Pharma公司生产)系列,共聚比为约1∶2∶0.1的物质有Eudragit RS100(颗粒)、RSPO(微粉)或RS30D(固体成分为30%的水分散液)等,特别适于使用Eudragit RS100或RSPO。另外,共聚比为约1∶2∶0.2的物质有Eudragit RL100(颗粒)、RLPO(微粉)或RL30D(固体成分为30%的水分散液)等,特别适于使用EudragitRL100或RLPO。
另外,共聚比(甲基丙烯酸∶丙烯酸乙酯(摩尔比))为约1∶1的甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的具体实例可以举出Eudragit LD(注册商标,Rohm Pharma公司生产)系列,优选Eudragit L100-55(微粉)或L30D-55(固体成分为30%的水分散液),特别优选Eudragit L100-55。
在本发明中,上述两种共聚物在阳性部件中的配比没有特别的限定,只要含有两种共聚物即可,一般合适的是相对于丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物1重量份,含有甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物0.3~20重量份,优选0.4~15重量份,特别优选0.5~10重量份。另外,在阳性部件中还可以加入后述赋形剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、抗凝集剂、药物化合物的溶解助剂等通常在本领域常用的各种添加剂。
制剂作为口服给药制剂使用时阴性部件可以由生物学以及医学相容性、非过敏性、对体液和生物组织为非刺激性的材料形成。阴性部件能够以不透水性材料或透水性材料制备,更优选由不透水性材料构成。使用透水性材料时,阳性部件优选选择凝胶化样液性溶液或肠液不能透过的材料。另外,阴性部件优选由非水膨润性材料构成。
阴性部件中不透水性材料或透水性材料可以使用由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚氯乙烯、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚苯乙烯、聚氨酯、聚酯、醋酸纤维素、硝基纤维素、乙基纤维素、丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物以及与用作栓的材料相同的材料中选择的水不溶性高分子。该水不溶性高分子可以使用1种或2种以上。阴性部件可以是结构均一的,也可以是叠层结构(由多种不同材料层形成的结构)。
而且,阴性部件如果至少可以维持延迟时间中其结构的强度,也可以由生物降解性材料(被肠内细菌分解的偶氮类聚合物、多糖等)或水溶性材料(明胶、淀粉、羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇等)形成。阴性部件的壁是非均一结构时,优选形成开口部的壁部分由非水膨润性材料构成。
另外,也可以由生物降解性材料或水溶性材料形成阴性部件本体,用水不溶性被膜被覆在其外部和/或内部。这时,可以是外部几乎全部被覆,内部全部被覆;也可以是至少将与阳性部件接触的部分被覆。另外,不仅是外部或内部,更优选用水不溶性被膜将阴性部件本体开口部的壁部端面被覆。主要是使在阳性部件凝胶化引起药物释放之前,由生物降解性材料或水溶性材料形成的阴性部件本体不会分解或膨润(溶解),导致阳性部件从阴性部件中脱落。这种被覆层可以将生物降解性材料或水溶性材料形成的部件本体浸渍于以上列举的任意一种水不溶性高分子的溶液中形成不溶于水的层,或者将以上列举的任意一种水不溶性高分子的溶液喷雾于生物降解性材料或水溶性材料形成的部件上形成。作为优选阴性部件的具体实例,例如以通常的硬质明胶或淀粉胶囊作为部件本体,将其用乙基纤维素溶液、聚醋酸乙烯酯溶液或与上述用于阳性部件的材料相同的聚合物被覆,或者以水溶性材料形成的胶囊作为部件本体,将其用上述生物降解性材料被覆等。
阴性部件可以制成适于作为制剂的形状,例如椭圆状、椭球状、圆柱状等。一般优选圆柱状的胶囊,但并不限于此。本发明的制剂优选在一端或两端敞开的圆柱状阴性部件的一个开放端或两个开放端内具有阳性部件,即肠液凝胶化材料制成的栓。这种制剂可以由挤出成形的塑料管很容易地形成,将这种塑料管切断成某一长度,将任意一端熔封后在其开放端,或两端插入栓封闭。另外,阴性部件可以通过在棒状模具外周形成圆筒形、将聚合物溶液涂敷到形成模具上、将适当的热可塑性聚合物压缩成形或射出成形、将粉末压缩成形或直接反应成形等制造。
阳性部件(栓)能够插入到阴性部件中,可使其顶部与阴性部件开口部的端面高度相同,或在栓不会脱落的范围内其顶部可以从开口部的端面突出来,或阴性部件的筒形壁超过插入栓的深度。栓为圆柱形时较方便,这种形状的物质可以通过将上述肠液凝胶化材料制成棒状后,将成形的棒状材料切断后容易地制得。另外,也可以采用通常制造药品时所使用的打片机等容易得制造出来。即使栓上面具有一定深度的穴,使栓成为凹形也没有关系。另外,也可以挖有V型槽,呈带有割线的片剂状。另外,也可以是圆锥截面等其它形状。圆柱状栓的长度和直径的比(长度∶直径)优选在0.1∶10~20∶1范围内,更优选在0.2∶10~3∶1范围内,但是对此并没有限定。
制成圆柱形制剂时,制剂为可以咽下的大小比较方便,这种制剂特别有利于制成人用的口服制剂,另外即使是动物用的口服制剂也可以。中空圆筒的长度典型的为5~50mm,优选10~30mm,外径在1mm~20mm范围内。制剂可以具有与通常公知的口服制剂外径一致的外径。例如胶囊具有三倍零至一倍零,以及1至8范围内的大小。这时,阳性部件(栓)的长度优选为1mm至10mm,但是对此并没有限定。图1表示本发明的制剂形态制成胶囊时的一个具体实例。在一端封闭另一端开口的水不溶性胶囊(阴性部件)1A的开口处嵌入肠液凝胶化栓(阳性部件)2A,在胶囊内封入药物3A。另外,图2表示本发明的制剂形态制成片剂时的一个具体实例,在水不溶性的片剂外层部(阴性部件)1B内依次填充有药物层3B和肠液凝胶化栓(阳性部件)层2B。图2的片剂可以通过将阳性部件层与药物层压缩成二层片后,采用通常的有核打片机赋予其外层部制造。
可以通过构成阳性部件的肠液凝胶化材料调节肠液浸渍后内容物释放延迟时间(延迟时间)。材料的凝胶化速度和透水度是决定制剂的延迟时间的重要参数。例如,通过增加作为上述肠液凝胶化材料的优选例举出的甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物相对丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的配比,可以增加凝胶化速度和透水度,缩短延迟时间。也就是说,制剂的延迟时间与阳性部件的凝胶化速度和透水度成反比。另外,改变阳性部件的厚度也可以改变延迟时间。这种延迟时间与阳性部件的最薄部分的厚度成比例。更具体的说,以阳性部件作为栓时,与栓的最薄部分的厚度成比例。
如上所述,本发明的制剂可以通过调节上述参数,即构成阳性部件的肠液凝胶化材料的凝胶化速度、透水度以及阳性部件的厚度至少一种以上,改变浸渍到肠液后栓凝胶透水化引起药物释放之前的延迟时间。延迟时间可以根据用途在较宽的时间范围内,即30分至24小时之间变化。通常为了能达到消化道下部或大肠,优选将制剂在小肠内的移动时间3~4小时作为延迟时间的设定目标。
制剂优选在释放延迟期间阳性部件与阴性部件之间的结合完全是水密封性的。阴性部件的壁至少在阳性部件厚度最薄的部分凝胶透水化之前能够确保与阳性部件在结构上的密合性。也就是说,在药物开始释放之前阳性部件与阴性部件必须紧密结合不可分离。这一点与作为阳性部件的栓中途从阴性部件中脱落的Pulsincap(特表平4-505004号记载的控释制剂)不同。
制剂的内容物例如是粒状固体形态的活性物质,或其它合适的给药形态。例如,活性物质可以与常规的药品添加剂组合,制成粉末、流体溶液或悬浊液后封入。但是,流体介质应当是与形成阴性部件或阳性部件的材料不发生相互作用的物质。另外,也可以与赋形剂等压缩成片剂的形状,可以封入一个片剂或多个这样的片剂。作为药品添加剂也可以加入赋形剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、抗凝集剂、药物化合物的溶解助剂等通常本领域常用的各种添加剂。赋形剂例如白糖、乳糖、甘露醇、葡萄糖等糖类,淀粉、结晶纤维素、磷酸钙、硫酸钙等;粘合剂例如聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸、聚甲基丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、葡萄糖、白糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、糊精、山梨醇、甘露醇、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、聚乙二醇类、阿拉伯胶、明胶、琼脂、淀粉等。另外,润滑剂、抗凝集剂例如滑石粉、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、胶态氧化硅、硬脂酸、蜡类、硬化油、聚乙二醇类、苯甲酸钠等。另外,药物化合物的溶解助剂例如富马酸、琥珀酸、苹果酸、己二酸等有机酸或十二烷基硫酸钠等各种表面活性剂、香料、色素等。
如上所述,仅由至少2个相互嵌合型部件形成,其中用肠液凝胶化高分子形成的阳性部件(栓)塞住含有活性物质的水不溶性阴性部件得到的制剂,在到达小肠或大肠等消化道下部特定部位之前不释放药物,在到达该部位后才脉冲式地释放药物全量。也就是说,本发明的制剂在胃内pH较低的领域完全不释放药物,仅在小肠和大肠等pH比较接近中性的领域栓从上面缓慢凝胶化,一定时间后阳性部件(栓)厚度最薄的部分凝胶化变得透水,同时将药物短时间脉冲式释放出来。
在本发明的脉冲释放制剂中用作活性物质的药物种类只要是可以口服给药的药物即可,没有特别的限定。所述药物化合物例如化疗药、抗生素、呼吸促进剂、镇咳去痰药、抗恶性肿瘤药、植物性神经用药、精神神经用药、局部麻醉药、肌肉松弛药、消化器官用药、抗组胺药、中毒治疗药、催眠镇静药、抗癫痫药、解热镇痛消炎药、强心剂、心律不齐治疗药、利尿药、血管扩张药、抗血脂药、滋养强壮变质药、抗凝血药、肝脏用药、降血糖药、降压药、大肠炎治疗药、肽、蛋白质等。特别适于必须在病变部位小肠下部和大肠有效发挥作用的大肠炎治疗药以及克罗恩氏病治疗药或在胃内容易分解的肽、蛋白质类药物。
实施例·实验例
结合实施例和实验例详细说明本发明,但本发明并不受这些实施例和实验例的任何限制。
实施例1
制造一系列制剂,该制剂由开放端部被具有适当直径的栓(阳性部件)封闭的圆筒形胶囊(阴性部件)构成。
(栓的制备)
将滑石粉50g装入转动流动层造粒装置(MP-01型装置),使之转动流动,用Eudragit RSPO(Rohm Pharma公司生产)15g、EudragitL100-55(Rohm Pharma公司生产)35g、枸橼酸三乙酯5g、滑石粉50g、乙醇900g以及水100g组成的溶液进行喷雾造粒,得到造粒粉末。在该造粒粉末155g中加入硬脂酸镁0.7g,混合,制得打片用粉末。然后,采用打片机(CLEANPRESS Correct 12HUK,菊水制作所)用直径6mm的平面冲制成100mg的片剂。在该片剂上钻出一个直径4mm且具有一定深度的穴,得到底部最低厚度为约400μm、500μm、600μm的凹型片剂(栓)。
(制剂的制备)
阴性部件通过用乙基纤维素在明胶胶囊(Warner Lambert公司生产)2号胶囊的里面和外面包衣得到。在胶囊内部封入对乙酰氨基酚50mg、作为崩解剂的交联羧甲醚纤维素钠50mg。然后用上述制备的栓将该胶囊的开口部封闭,得到本发明的制剂。也就是说,制备了3种制剂:使用底部最低厚度为约400μm的栓得到的制剂、底部最低厚度为约500μm的栓得到的制剂以及使用底部最低厚度为约600μm的栓得到的制剂。
实验例1
对于上述实验例1得到的3种制剂,采用日本药典第1液(pH1.2)以及第2液(pH6.8),按照日本药典的桨法(37℃,50rpm)进行溶出试验。根据该试验结果,可以看到实施例1得到的各种制剂在第1液中,药物完全不溶出。另外,在第2液中,如图3所示,通过栓底部的厚度可以改变溶出开始之前的延迟时间,尽管延迟时间有变化,但药物都是迅速100%释放,表现出脉冲式的溶出模式。图3中标在特征曲线上的数值(μm)为各种制剂的栓的底部最低厚度。
工业实用性
本发明的控释制剂具有下述特征:口服给药后,在胃液内形态不会发生变化,也就是说药物不溶出,无论在胃内滞留时间的长短,通过胃后在经过一定时间之前药物活性成分不会溶出,经过一定时间后,可以在消化道下部迅速释放药物活性成分,得到充分有效的血药浓度。特别是具有下述特征:通过改变阳性部件中含有的肠液凝胶化材料的凝胶化速度、透水度、阳性部件的厚度(例如在含有丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲基·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物与甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的栓中这两种共聚物的配比和/或栓的厚度)可以任意调节通过胃后开始溶出之前的时间。因此,从胃中排出后,在一定时间之后脉冲式急剧溶出,使药物确实可以在规定的肠内部位溶出,因此可以使药物在小肠下部或大肠等局部有效发挥作用,避免肽、蛋白质类被分解,而使药物达到小肠下部或大肠。另外,本制剂可以在一定大小的胶囊中封入最大量的活性物质,因此作为用于人和动物的口服制剂是特别有用的。
本发明以在日本申请的平成10年特许愿请第28365号为基础,其内容也全部包括在本说明书中。
Claims (8)
1.至少含有1种药物活性成分的控释制剂,其特征在于,由阳性部件和阴性部件构成,它们相互嵌合构成整体,内部封入活性物质,该阳性部件由肠液凝胶化材料形成。
2.如权利要求1所述的控释制剂,阳性部件含有作为肠液凝胶化材料的丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物以及甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物。
3.如权利要求2所述的控释制剂,丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的共聚比(丙烯酸乙酯∶甲基丙烯酸甲酯∶甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵(摩尔比))为1∶2∶0.1~0.2。
4.如权利要求2所述的控释制剂,甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的共聚比(甲基丙烯酸∶丙烯酸乙酯(摩尔比))为1∶1。
5.如权利要求2所述的控释制剂,丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物的共聚比(丙烯酸乙酯∶甲基丙烯酸甲酯∶甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵(摩尔比))为1∶2∶0.1~0.2,而且甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物的共聚比(甲基丙烯酸∶丙烯酸乙酯(摩尔比))为1∶1。
6.如权利要求2所述的控释制剂,相对于丙烯酸乙酯·甲基丙烯酸甲酯·甲基丙烯酸三甲基乙基氯化铵共聚物1重量份,甲基丙烯酸·丙烯酸乙酯共聚物为0.3~20重量份。
7.如权利要求1所述的控释制剂,阴性部件由水不溶性高分子构成。
8.如权利要求1所述的控释制剂,剂型为片剂或胶囊剂。
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- 1999-02-10 US US09/601,972 patent/US6303144B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-10 EP EP99905188A patent/EP1053752A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-02-10 KR KR1020007008713A patent/KR20010040819A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-10 WO PCT/JP1999/000570 patent/WO1999040942A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-10 AU AU25463/99A patent/AU2546399A/en not_active Abandoned
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WO1999040942A1 (fr) | 1999-08-19 |
EP1053752A1 (en) | 2000-11-22 |
CA2320193A1 (en) | 1999-08-19 |
KR20010040819A (ko) | 2001-05-15 |
AU2546399A (en) | 1999-08-30 |
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