CN1252004C - Organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1252004C CN1252004C CN 02124833 CN02124833A CN1252004C CN 1252004 C CN1252004 C CN 1252004C CN 02124833 CN02124833 CN 02124833 CN 02124833 A CN02124833 A CN 02124833A CN 1252004 C CN1252004 C CN 1252004C
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- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 144
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC(=O)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3O)=CC=C21 PMYDPQQPEAYXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001881 sodium selenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011655 sodium selenate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018716 sodium selenate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010039921 Selenium deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010056370 Congestive cardiomyopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000010046 Dilated cardiomyopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000222336 Ganoderma Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000019926 Keshan disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010025482 malaise Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 selenium organic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000178993 Brassica juncea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005855 Brassica juncea var. subintegrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001333 Colorectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005718 Stomach Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NKXXCJMRPISUSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[P].[Se] Chemical compound [K].[P].[Se] NKXXCJMRPISUSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000987 absorbed dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XPXVJLZTBUUIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium dihydrogen phosphate phosphane Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.N.P XPXVJLZTBUUIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 201000011529 cardiovascular cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002288 cocrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010989 colorectal carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000021045 exocrine pancreatic carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940029985 mineral supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000206 moulding compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000006938 muscular dystrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003342 selenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004646 sulfenyl group Chemical group S(*)* 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000816 toxic dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000024877 white muscle disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer is prepared with organic fertilizer (humic acid, etc.) 10-20 wt% and inorganic fertilizer (N, P, K, etc.) 25-32 wt% (the ratio of N to K is N: K)2O∶P2O512-20 percent of selenium fertilizer, 5-12 percent of selenium fertilizer and 4-10 percent of selenium fertilizer. The phosphate fertilizer in the inorganic fertilizer is preferably sulfur-free, and the potassium fertilizer is multi-purpose chlorine-based, so that the selenium fertilizer can be absorbed by plants. In order to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, prolong the fertilizer efficiency period, improve the yield and reduce the fertilizing amount, the slow-release urea or the long-release urea is reformed from the common urea. The production process adopts a mechanical granulation method to add all the tested raw materials at one time, uniformly mix, granulate and dry. Moisture and temperature are controlled to prevent caking, wall sticking and biuret formation. Or the organic compound fertilizer containing selenium, phosphorus and potassium can be produced first and then mixed with long-acting urea uniformly to form the long-acting organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of composite selenic fertilizer, a kind of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer specifically is provided.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned composite selenic fertilizer.
Background technology
Selenium is the nonessential nutritive element of crop, but the human and animal will lack this element, endemy will occur, infringement human and animal's health.
1, selenium element and human beings'health
Research for many years by countries in the world endemy expert thinks, lack selenium all in the Asia, more than 40 countries and regions such as Europe, Africa, South America, North America.The relevant human diseases of known and scarce selenium has at present: tens kinds of Keshan disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, DCM (dilated cardiomyopathy), cancer of the stomach, colorectal carcinoma, liver cancer, carcinoma of the pancreas, hemolytic anemias etc.Animal selenium deficiency disease many countries all over the world have become the disaster of world's animal husbandry development.The main selenium type that lacks has: white muscle disease (muscular dystrophy) can be found in multiple animal; The pancreas fibrosis of bird; The trophicity hepatopathy of pig; Sheep and ox lack the growth retardation that selenium causes, reproductivity is low; Horse, the donkey coltfoal disease of having loose bowels; Animal immune function reduction or the like.Have in the world at present that kind of animal suffers from the dissimilar selenium deficiency disease of kind surplus in the of 20 surplus in the of 40, the control to its disease after the supplement selenium is very effective.Trace mineral supplement based on selenium has been widely used in livestock industry production abroad, and has received expected effect.Feel to lack the area of selenium the human and animal, normally execute selenium fertilizer for plant, promptly do not suppress the growth of crop, but but treating animals lacks the illness of selenium.Learn by test, under the condition that element sulphur exists, supply with an amount of selenium fertilizer of crop, and selenium fertilizer will be followed element sulphur to enter to do in the object, can not only stimulate the growth of crop, and can increase the dry matter weight of crop, so selenium fertilizer is a kind of raising environmental quality, be beneficial to man and the environmental fertilizer of animal health.With the grain that selenium fertilizer is produced, fruits and vegetables can deserve to be called protective foods worthy of the name, and it is a kind of effective way that promotes human health that development contains selenium food.
2, the progress of selenium element
Scientific research of China and endemy findings of the survey show that known have the part of 22 provinces, municipality directly under the Central Government or most of area to lack selenium, nearly 2.5 hundred million people of distribution population.The Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Health, Environmental Protection Agency and Ministry of Geology etc. organize many experts to carry out national endemy generaI investigation and study on prevention in decades, have obtained great achievement.Some progress have been obtained by augmenting selenium element approach and carry out diseases prevention or generally lacking the selenium area by the healthy research of using selenium fertilizer and increase the human and animal for the serious selenium area that lacks.The purpose of using selenium fertilizer is to make in herbage or other feed to contain the needs that an amount of selenium satisfies livestock, perhaps to increasing the content of selenium in grain, the fruits and vegetables, strengthens people's physique and prophylactic needs to satisfy.
3, plant absorbing selenium and plant rich in selenium
The root system of plant can absorb sodium selenate (Na
2SeO
4) and Sodium Selenite (Na
2SeO
3) waiting selenium fertilizer, root system absorbs sodium selenate (Na
2SeO
4) be an active process, and root system is to Sodium Selenite (Na
2SeO
3) mechanism of absorption comparatively complicated, except that active process, also have diffusion.Can from soil and fertilizer, absorb a large amount of selenium in the plant materials, except small part can discharge according to the gas selenide, major part all is accumulated in the plant materials, and some plant semi-invariant is high especially, for example the Chinese herb astragalus genus is exactly a plant rich in selenium, studies show that plant rich in selenium can synthesize in vivo contains selenoamino acid, and it is very powerful that HUMAN HEALTH is cured the disease.Rich selenium vegetables have Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, onion, leaf mustard and crop in cruciferae etc., if above-mentioned crop compounding application selenium fertilizer all can absorb the selenium of higher amount, the human and animal can be able to eat vegetables, oil plant and the grain stated more just can prevent to lack the endemic generation of selenium.Farm crop such as corn, paddy rice and wheat are widely different to the absorbed dose of rich selenium and scarce selenium soil, the intravital selenium content of rich selenium soil crop can be brought up to ten times to tens of times that lack selenium soil, so use selenium fertilizer the selenium content that improves field crop is easy to achieve the goal.The selenium content of tealeaves will become the important indicator of nutrition tea, and selenium content is 0.06-0.12 mg/kg when above in the well-known tea, can be used as cure the disease, disease-prevention health tea.In lower plant, the selenium content of mushroom is higher, for the 10-1000 of higher plant doubly, so to be a kind of scarce selenium geographic cures the disease, diseases prevention food for mushroom.Pharmaceutically utilizing Ganoderma powder to control cancer and anti-cancer is very effective at present, its major function is because glossy ganoderma contains due to the selenium element of a large amount.
4, the rich scarce threshold value of selenium element
The rich scarce standard of selenium content.Selenium concentration＜0.04 mg/kg in selenium content in the low selenium district soil and the plant materials; General district Selenium in Soil content is the 0.5-5.0 mg/kg, and selenium concentration is the 0.1-1 mg/kg in the plant materials; The full selenium content of rich selenium district's soil is the 1-100 mg/kg, and the intravital selenium concentration of plant＞50 mg/kg will surpass about 10 mg/kg so produce the chicken feed selenium content of selenium egg.The normal contents of selenium is 0.12 mg/kg in people's carcass, and the following discrimination standard of preliminary proposition:＞5 mg/kg are the human body toxic dose;＞1.2 mg/kg are rich selenium, and content is to be normal about 1.2 mg/kg, and＜0.12 mg/kg is for lacking.The daily ingested dose difference of selenium is very big in the human foods, normal district is 0.116 mg/kg, rich selenium district is 1.218 mg/kg, and regulate with selenium is fertile, can increase human intake to selenium, strengthen HUMAN HEALTH, reduce and prevent the generation of carninomatosis, can treat human eqpidemic disease by food chain to a certain extent.
5, the kind of selenium fertilizer and configuration
The selenium quantitative changeization is bigger in China's soil, general soil content 0.1-2 mg/kg.Selenium in the soil selenium-containing amount of volcanic rock seldom often easily takes place to lack in growth; And rich selenium area is due to the high selenium coal seam, as two Anxiang, Ziyang County, Shaanxi soil selenium-containing amount up to 15.7 mg/kg.The form of Selenium in Soil is just like several:
(1) elemental selenium: the main selenite that in soil, exists, the quantity that exists in soil is seldom;
(2) selenide: mainly be distributed in the pyrite of semiarid zone, can not be directly absorbed, some solubility selenium only just can be provided in efflorescence by plant;
(3) selenate: often have selenate and vitriol to exist jointly in the soil of arid area, water-soluble back easily produces selenium poison vegetation;
(4) organically combine selenium be discharge by the rotten decomposition that contains the selenium plant contain the selenium organic compound.The Chemicals that can be used as selenium fertilizer mainly contain Sodium Selenite (Na
2SeO
3) and sodium selenate (Na
2SeO
4).In acid soil, because pH is lower, three dioxide dissociate and selenium salt formation complex compound in the soil, can reduce the validity of selenium, so liming can improve the utilization ratio of selenium fertilizer in acid soil.
The configuration amount of selenium fertilizer generally is designed to annual per hectare 70-280 gram selenium and is advisable, and the selenium of selecting for use is fertile to be sodium selenate (Na
2SeO
4) and Sodium Selenite (Na
2SeO
3).The dosage of above-mentioned selenium fertilizer can guarantee that selenium content is the 0.05-1.0 mg/kg in the plant body.
Sulfur fertilizer can suppress the absorption of selenium fertilizer, because SO
2- 4With SeO
2- 4Ionic structure is similar, can produce to absorb competition, so do not use gypsum (MgSO in the fertilizer building-up process
4) make plastering agent, also to reduce (the NH of ammonium sulfate in right amount
4)
2SO
4Consumption.
Phosphate fertilizer can promote the absorption of selenium fertilizer, because (PO
3- 4) with (SeO
2- 4) the competitive adsorption position identical, increase phosphate fertilizer in right amount and can promote (SeO
2- 4) absorption and effective performance improves; Phosphate fertilizer can promote the growth of root system of plant simultaneously, also helps the absorption to selenium.But contain (SO in the calcium superphosphate
4 -2), may suppress the absorption of plant to selenium.
In the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer layoutprocedure, owing to add an amount of humic acid (oxalic acid or brown coal powder), the root system development that helps stimulating crop also can promote the absorption of crop to selenium fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite selenic fertilizer, behind this incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, selenium concentration can reach the 0.1-1 mg/kg in the plant materials, and selenium content can reach the above requirement of 0.12 mg/kg in people's carcass.Because the intake of selenium element can prevent to lack the geographic sickness rate of selenium, promotes HUMAN HEALTH.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned composite selenic fertilizer.
For achieving the above object, this composite selenic fertilizer provided by the invention is an organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer, by weight calculating humic acids content 10%-20%; Inorganic nutrients content 25-32% such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium, wherein, the ratio between the nitrogen phosphorus potassium is N: K
2O: P
2O
5=12-20%: 5-12%: 4-10%; The fertile content 0.1-0.4% of selenium.
Described selenium fertilizer is sodium selenate (Na
2SeO
4) and Sodium Selenite (Na
2SeO
3) or other selenate and selenite etc.
It is good that described phosphate fertilizer is selected monoammonium phosphate.
Described potash fertilizer selective chlorination potassium.
Described nitrogen manure is a urea, selects slow urea for use or directly purchases slow (long-acting) urea.
The basic raw material of described slow urea and proportioning are: urea: ammonia stablizer and/or urease inhibitor: humic acids: light-burning magnesium powder=100: 0.5-1.5: 3-6: 5-8.
Described ammonia stablizer is selected dicyanodiamide (DCD) for use, and urease inhibitor is selected Resorcinol (HQ) for use, and both ratios are 4-8: 1-6 when using with.
It is major ingredient that described humic acids is selected brown coal powder or peat composed of rotten mosses powder for use, adds muck or compost made of stalks.
The preparation method of above-mentioned composite selenic fertilizer is:
Organic and inorganic parent fertilizer and various auxiliary material are mixed evenly by aforementioned ratio, pulverize, through granulation, again through producing the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer of particulate state that particle diameter is the 2-4 millimeter behind dryer, cooler, the screen-dividing machine.The temperature of dryer can not surpass 140 ℃ in the preparation process, in case urea transforms the generation biuret crop root is had harm.Because the general water content of humic acid is higher, thus strict control amount of water wanted during granulation, in case the water yield is excessive adherent in stoving oven.
Among the preparation method of the present invention, can also be mixed with large-particle long-acting urea and make organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer above-mentioned organic-inorganic compound selenium is fertile.And being prepared as of the large-particle long-acting urea that is adopted: purchase existing granular urea, method with the machinery parcel is at first wrapped up one deck humic acid in its appearance, form UHA, and then parcel one deck urease inhibitor or ammonia stablizer, form slow (or long-acting) urea, for preventing the urea suction and forming bulk, wrap up one deck light-burning magnesium powder again with other fertilizer.
Perhaps ammonia stablizer or urease inhibitor are directly joined in the carbamide production system, prepare cocrystallization type long-acting carbamide, wrap up one deck humic acids again.
Fertile and the big slow urea of organic-inorganic compound selenium can also be mixed among the preparation method of the present invention and make organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer.Concrete method for making is that the brown coal powder (or adding other organic materials) that at first will contain humic acids causes organic granular fertilizer by auxiliary material and plastering agent, purchase macrobead three material compound fertilizer again selenium fertilizer is wrapped in the fertile surface of three material compounds, for preventing that tying fast available talcum powder is coated in skin.Evenly be mixed with large-particle long-acting urea more at last and form organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with specific embodiment below.
The profile instance of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer:
1, field crop special fertilizer formula (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=18: 6: 6) for example
Long-acting carbamide 360Kg
Monoammonium phosphate 130Kg
Repone K 100Kg
Calcium superphosphate 50Kg
Brown coal powder 350Kg
Diatomite 50Kg
The fertile 0.1-0.3Kg of selenium
2, fertilizer special for vegetable formula examples (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=16: 5: 9)
Long-acting carbamide 330Kg
Monoammonium phosphate 120Kg
Vitriolate of tartar 100Kg
Repone K 60Kg
Calcium superphosphate 50Kg
Brown coal powder 350Kg
Diatomite 30Kg
The fertile 0.2-0.4Kg of selenium
3, fruit-specific fertilizer formula examples (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=12: 6: 12)
Long-acting carbamide 240Kg
Monoammonium phosphate 130Kg
Vitriolate of tartar 150Kg
Repone K 70Kg
Calcium superphosphate 50Kg
Brown coal powder 350Kg
Diatomite 50Kg
The fertile 0.3-0.4Kg of selenium
The material of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer is selected among the present invention
The main selection kind of organic materials: with brown coal powder and peat composed of rotten mosses powder is major ingredient, also can add the muck and the compost made of stalks that become thoroughly decomposed.The humic acids content of general brown coal is 30-60%, contains humic acids 10-20% in the finished product fertilizer of being produced.Humic acids can purify the ecological benefits that edatope improves fertilizer, and it can promote the growth of root system of plant, helps the absorption to selenium fertilizer, and humic acids itself is exactly a kind of urease inhibitor, can improve the buffering character of nitrogen utilization efficiency and increase soil.
The selection of phosphate fertilizer: monoammonium phosphate phosphorus content height, do not contain free sulfuric acid again, to selenium fertilizer be absorbed with promoter action and provide protection, so in containing the building-up process of selenium fertilizer, should at first selenium fertilizer be adsorbed on the monoammonium phosphate fertilizer to well.An amount of some Production of Single Superphosphate compound fertilizer of selecting for use, except granulation as the tackiness agent, mainly it contains a certain amount of effective silicon, calcium, magnesium and various trace elements.
The selection of potash fertilizer: for the fertilizer of field crop preparation, can select Repone K for use, because the chlorine root does not influence the absorption of selenium fertilizer, and sulfenyl can suppress the absorption of selenium.But for quality and the palatability of improving vegetables and fruit, use can proportion two kinds of potash fertilizer.The chlorine root has tangible effect to the leaf blight that reduces corn, and the lodging that prevents wheat and paddy rice is also had certain effect.
The selection of nitrogenous fertilizer:
1, in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, to select high nitrogen fertilizer for use.Each compound fertilizer of 15% of the nitrogen phosphorus potassium that existing market is sold, it is not enough that its nitrogen amount seems, and the plant growth middle and later periods also will topdress, and above-mentioned prescription has improved nitrogen content, more approaches the actual needs of crop.
2, in the buying inorganic composite mixed fertilizer, to select slowly-releasing (or long-acting) urea
The utilization ratio of general urea is about 34%, and the nitrogen utilization efficiency of long-acting carbamide can reach about 45%.Can save the nitrogen fertilizer amount of 25-30% by long-actingization of nitrogenous fertilizer, thereby can realize adding the purpose of large amount of organic material, use long-acting carbamide can reduce Nitrous Oxide and nitrite nitrogen formation amount, be environmental friendliness fertilizer.
The production technique of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer
Once shaped compound comminution granulation
The characteristics of this production technique are: organic and inorganic parent fertilizer and various auxiliary material are mixed evenly in strict ratio, after the pulverizing, through granulation, again through producing the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer of particle that particle diameter is the 2-4 millimeter behind dryer, cooler, the screen-dividing machine.The difficult point of this technology is, adds the production technology of the high nitrogen compound of urea fertilizer, and key is to want strict controlled temperature and moisture content, because the general water content of humic acid is higher, thus want strict control amount of water during granulation, in case the water yield is excessive adherent in stoving oven.The temperature that also will control the stove hall in addition can not surpass 140 ℃, in case urea transforms the generation biuret crop root is had harm.
Post forming compound comminution granulation
At first selenium fertilizer, phosphorus potash fertilizer, various organic fertilizer and plastering agent and various auxiliary material are carried out the compound granulation with mechanical means.This granulation ratio is easier to, and after various materials were pulverized, control ratio entered tablets press, and 2～4 millimeters the mixed organic fertilizer that contains selenium fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer is made in drying cooling screening.
Purchase granular urea again, method with the machinery parcel is at first wrapped up one deck humic acid in its appearance, form UHA, and then parcel one deck urease inhibitor or ammonia stablizer, form slow or long-acting carbamide, for preventing the urea suction and forming bulk, wrap up one deck again and burn the magnesium powder with other fertilizer.At last large-particle long-acting urea is mixed in the science ratio with the particle fertilizer that contains selenium phosphorus potassium and forms organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer.
Three moulding compound comminution granulations
The brown coal powder (or adding other organic materials) that at first will contain humic acids causes organic granular fertilizer by auxiliary material and plastering agent.Purchase macrobead three material compound fertilizer again selenium fertilizer is wrapped in the fertile surface of three material compounds, for preventing that tying fast available talcum powder is coated in skin.Evenly be mixed with large-particle long-acting urea more at last and form organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer.
The major equipment of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer is the general known equipment of fertilizer plant substantially, includes:
Disintegrating apparatus: the big grain of raw material that composite fertilizer is produced and the work in-process fertilizer behind the granulating and drying, bulk all need fragmentation to reach the release mesh index.Organic-inorganic material grinding particle size is advisable at the 20-60 order.Crusher can be selected chain type and cage etc. for use.
Mixing equipment: can select for use vertical and Agravicmixer for well.
Granulating equipment: organic materials can select for use tumbling disk granulator to be advisable.The granulation of organic-inorganic mixing of materials selects drum granulating for well.
Drying plant: generally use rotating dryer, the material lifting flights of some different types is housed on barrel, the contact area of increase and hot flue gases improves drying efficiency, but temperature can not surpass 140 ℃, prevent that urea decomposition from producing biuret.
Cooling apparatus: use rotary cooler, cooling temperature will be controlled at below 45 ℃, helps packing and storing.
Divide sieve apparatus: generally select the bilayer box sieve apparatus that shakes for use.
The bag automatic doubler surface glouer: for keeping the stability of compounded fertilizer of granulated, it is fast to reduce the finished product knot, after cooling and screening, before metering packing, increase bag and be coated with operation. and bag is coated with material the front cover agent, be coated with pulvis in (light-burning magnesium powder, talcum powder, diatomite etc.).
Metering packing equipment: the optional electronic scale automatic quantitative packing machine of using.
The advantage of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer provided by the invention
1, this fertilizer can increase the content of selenium element in vegetables, fruit and the grain, thereby can improve human and animal's health condition, reduce the sickness rate of cardiovascular diseases and cancer, strengthen the sick geographic people and animals' of landlord physique, solve the endemy problem of the scarce selenium of people and animals by the approach of biologic chain;
2, this fertilizer belongs to organic and inorganic fertilizer, to preserving the ecological environment, produces the pollution-free food broad market prospect, can be vegetables, fruit and the base food service of China's construction outlet.
3, because this fertilizer has been selected slow (long-acting) urea technology for use, can prolong fertilizer efficiency period 90-120 days, improve 10 percentage points of nitrogen utilization efficiencies, the fertile effect of increasing production of tangible joint is arranged.
4, this fertilizer itself is environmental friendliness fertilizer, can reduce the formation amount of Nitrous Oxide and nitrite nitrogen.
The effect of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer
By the fertile test of selenium for many years, under the condition that sulfur fertilizer exists, give crop applying selenium fertilizer, the growth that can not only stimulate crop, and can increase the dry matter weight of crop. by the Keshan disease area of the low selenium in Fu County, Shaanxi Province, crop can increase crop yield 5.5-16.7% after executing selenium fertilizer.Lack the selenium area the human and animal and normally use selenium fertilizer for plant, neither suppress plant growth, also nontoxic pair effect, the selenium deficiency disease disease that really can cure the human and animal.
5, this fertilizer, can make increasing crop yield more than 15%, and can obviously improve quality and the palatability of crop under equal fertilizer application condition owing to adopted the long-acting carbamide technology.Do on Nan Guanling farm, Dalian to contain the humic acid long-acting urea test by calendar year 2001, the result shows in the units increased in production than common urea on the corn crop and can reach more than 10%.The test long-acting carbamide has also been obtained tangible effect of increasing production on paddy rice and beet, and the amplitude of augmenting is at 13%-19%.See following example for details.
Agricultural experiment embodiment 1 (corn)
| Handle | Output (kg/ mu) | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| The fertile the present invention of the common compound of CK | 593 799 885 | 0 34.7 49.3 |
Agricultural experiment embodiment 2 (paddy rice)
| Handle | Output (kg/ mu) | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| The fertile the present invention of the common compound of CK | 444 844 954 | 0 73.1 95.6 |
Claims (7)
1, a kind of organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer is characterized in that: by weight calculating, and humic acids content 10%-20%, the fertile content 0.1-0.4% of selenium, nitrogen phosphorus potassium inorganic nutrients content 25-32%, wherein, the ratio between the nitrogen phosphorus potassium is N: K
2O: P
2O
5=12-20: 5-12: 4-10.
According to the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 1 selenium fertilizer, it is characterized in that 2, described selenium fertilizer is sodium selenate, Sodium Selenite or other selenate and selenite.
3, according to the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 1 selenium fertilizer, it is characterized in that described phosphorus is selected monoammonium phosphate for use; Described potassium is selected Repone K for use; Described nitrogen is selected urea for use; Described humic acids is selected brown coal powder or peat composed of rotten mosses powder for use.
4, according to the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 3 selenium fertilizer, it is characterized in that described urea is selected slow urea or long-acting carbamide for use.
5, according to the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 4 selenium fertilizer, it is characterized in that the basic raw material of described slow urea and proportioning are: urea: the ammonia stablizer is or/and urease inhibitor: humic acids: light-burning magnesium powder=100: 0.5-1.5: 3-6: 5-8.
6, according to the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 5 selenium fertilizer, it is characterized in that described ammonia stablizer is selected dicyanodiamide for use; Described urease inhibitor is selected Resorcinol for use; Ratio when both use with is 4-8: 1-6.
7, a kind of method for preparing the described organic-inorganic compound of claim 1 selenium fertilizer is:
Be mixed in proportion evenly by the described composition of claim 1, pulverize, through granulation, through producing the particulate state organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer that particle diameter is the 2-4 millimeter behind dryer, cooler, the screen-dividing machine, the temperature of dryer is 80-140 ℃ in the preparation process again.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02124833 CN1252004C (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02124833 CN1252004C (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | Organic-inorganic compound selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101973819B (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-05-08 | 何俊楠 | Selenium-containing slow-release fertilizer additive and production process thereof |
| CN102320879A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-01-18 | 李子先 | High nutrient compound selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102503632A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-06-20 | 惠州市海纳粮油食品有限公司 | Selenium-rich organic/inorganic fertilizer for producing selenium-rick rice as well as application method thereof |
| CN102754549B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-08 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | N2O emission reduction method of northern dryland farmland soil |
| CN104086274A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 罗云华 | Special chemical fertilizer for durians |
| CN104086298A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 罗云华 | Special fertilizer for navel orange |
| CN104086268B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-05-11 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Special stable fertilizer of a kind of rich selenium type paddy rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN106116848A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州市泰盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Gorgon fruit plantation selenium-rich slow-release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| US11352306B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2022-06-07 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Calcium sulfate urea granules and methods for producing and using the same |
| CN108739253B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南省天亮农业技术开发有限公司 | Slow-release type selenium-rich horticultural cultivation medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110642647B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-08-10 | 河南农业大学 | Application of selenium in preparation of preparation for improving drought resistance of tobacco |
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