CN118671224A - Volatile organic compound monitoring method, system, medium and equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method, a system, a medium and equipment for monitoring volatile organic compounds relate to the technical field of environmental monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park, and acquiring air samples acquired at each sampling point; performing data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample; detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample; calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds; and when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, sending out an early warning prompt. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the application, the accuracy of monitoring the volatile organic compounds can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a method, a system, a medium and equipment for monitoring volatile organic compounds.
Background
With the increasing number of industrial parks, the production activities of various enterprises in the parks are increasingly frequent, and the types and the numbers of discharged waste gas pollution are also increased. The volatile organic compound is used as an important atmospheric pollutant, and has the characteristics of large toxicity, wide diffusion range, difficult control and the like, thereby causing serious harm to the surrounding environment and the human health.
In the related art, for the monitoring of garden volatile organic compounds, usually adopt artifical periodic sampling's mode, namely by the fixed sampling point that monitoring personnel regularly goes to the garden, use vacuum sampling bag or other sampling device to gather the air sample at each sampling point and carry out the analysis, but this kind of mode operation of manual collection is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and because there is certain error in artifical detection, leads to the accuracy to volatile organic compounds monitoring lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method, a system, a medium and equipment for monitoring volatile organic compounds, which can improve the accuracy of monitoring the volatile organic compounds.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for monitoring volatile organic compounds, the method comprising:
Determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park, and acquiring air samples acquired at each sampling point; performing data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample;
detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample;
Calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds;
And when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, sending out an early warning prompt.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of sampling points are intelligently determined based on the historical emission source information of the target park and the air samples are obtained, so that key sampling points can be determined in a targeted manner, the samples are more representative, data preprocessing and volatile organic compound content detection are carried out on the samples, finally, the emission hazard value of the target park is calculated by combining the emission source characteristics and the detection results of the sampling points, the real-time monitoring and quantitative evaluation of the emission of the volatile organic compounds in the park are realized, and compared with manual sampling monitoring, the emission hazard value can be accurately calculated and risk early warning is carried out, and the accuracy of monitoring the volatile organic compounds is improved.
Optionally, the historical emission source information includes a historical average emission amount, an emission frequency, and an emission type of each emission source, and the determining the plurality of sampling points based on the historical emission source information of the target campus includes:
Taking an emission source of which the emission type is to emit volatile organic compounds as an initial sampling point;
and taking the emission source with the historical average emission amount larger than the first emission amount or the emission frequency larger than the first frequency as a sampling point in the initial sampling point.
By adopting the technical scheme, the emission source with the emission type of the volatile organic compounds is used as an initial sampling point, and then the initial sampling point with larger historical average emission amount or emission frequency is screened out and used as a final sampling point, so that the determined sampling point considers the emission type of enterprises, also considers the emission amount and frequency, and can comprehensively reflect the emission conditions of the volatile organic compounds with different degrees in a park, so that the sampling is more representative and targeted, and compared with the traditional manual point selection, the subjective judgment is reduced, and the sampling accuracy and scientificity are improved.
Optionally, the acquiring the air sample acquired at each sampling point includes:
Among the sampling points, a sampling point of which the historical average emission amount is larger than a second emission amount and/or the emission frequency is larger than a second frequency is used as a first sampling point, and a sampling point of which the historical average emission amount is smaller than the second emission amount and the emission frequency is smaller than the second frequency is used as a second sampling point;
Taking the center of the second sampling point as the position of the sampling point;
Determining a plurality of sampling point positions according to the historical average emission amount and the emission frequency of the first sampling point;
And acquiring air samples acquired by the acquisition point positions.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the air sample of the sampling point is obtained, the sampling point with larger historical discharge amount and frequency is determined to be a first sampling point, and the sampling point with smaller historical discharge amount and frequency is determined to be a second sampling point. The center of the second sampling point is used as the position of the sampling point, a plurality of sampling point positions are determined according to the emission characteristics of the first sampling point, and two types of sampling points are arranged, so that the important emission source and the general emission source can be collected and covered, the sampling range is more comprehensive and representative, the collection density and the position can be determined according to the emission characteristics of different sampling points, the samples of different types of areas can be collected, the situation that the samples of the important areas are insufficient or the samples of the general areas are excessive is avoided, and the pollution condition of the whole park is reflected better.
Optionally, the performing data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample includes:
carrying out data denoising treatment on each air sample to obtain denoised data;
And sequentially carrying out normalization processing and smoothing processing on the denoised data to obtain a target air sample.
By adopting the technical scheme, random noise in sample data can be filtered, the data quality is improved, the dimension influence among samples can be eliminated by normalization processing, the comparability of different samples is facilitated, random disturbance of the data can be restrained by smoothing processing, so that the sample data is clearer and more reliable, compared with the original sample data, the influence of various noise interferences and systematic errors is eliminated by the preprocessed target sample, the actual concentration of a monitoring object can be reflected more accurately, and the accuracy of subsequent monitoring analysis is improved.
Optionally, the detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample includes:
Performing component separation and quantitative analysis on each target air sample to obtain an analysis result;
Determining the type of the volatile organic compounds and the corresponding concentration value based on the analysis result;
And determining the content of the volatile organic compounds in the target air sample according to the concentration value corresponding to each volatile organic compound.
By adopting the technical scheme, various volatile organic compounds in the sample can be clearly distinguished by carrying out accurate component analysis and quantitative detection on the sample, the concentration of the volatile organic compounds is accurately measured, errors possibly generated by simple total detection are avoided, and the total volatile organic compound content of the sample can be comprehensively calculated by combining the quantitative results of all the components.
Optionally, the emission source feature includes an emission port area, an emission port risk level, and an emission duration, and the calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source feature of each sampling point and the content of each volatile organic compound includes:
Substituting the discharge port area, the discharge port danger level, the discharge time length and the content of the volatile organic compounds of each sampling point into a hazard value calculation formula to obtain a discharge hazard value of the target park;
The hazard value calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is the emission hazard value, n is the number of sampling points, E i is the emission hazard value of the ith sampling point, S i is the area of the emission port of the ith sampling point, S max is the maximum value of the area of the emission port in all sampling points, R i is the emission port hazard level, T i is the emission duration, T max is the maximum value of the emission duration in all sampling points, C i is the content of volatile organic matters in the ith sampling point, C max is the maximum value of the content of volatile organic matters in all sampling points, D i is the diffusion coefficient of the ith sampling point, and H i is the hazard coefficient of the ith sampling point.
By adopting the technical scheme, various parameters of each sampling point are comprehensively evaluated, the normalization processing ensures that the parameters are compared in the same scale, unbalance caused by different dimensions is avoided, the logarithmic transformation can smooth data, the influence of extreme values is reduced, the calculation result is more stable, the calculation formula provides an integral hazard value, and the evaluation result is more comprehensive and accurate by considering privacy including the area of the discharge port, the hazard level of the discharge port, the discharge duration, the content of volatile organic compounds, the diffusion coefficient, the hazard coefficient and the like.
Optionally, when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, after sending out the early warning prompt, the method further includes: determining a control emission recommendation for each sampling point based on the volatile organic emissions content of the sampling points, the control emission recommendation including at least one of reducing emission source operating load, optimizing process parameters, and closing the collection;
And after the preset duration, if the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, issuing regional evacuation early warning.
By adopting the technical scheme, a closed-loop mechanism for emission early warning and control is established, risks can be prompted after early warning, control measures can be provided in a targeted manner, the improvement treatment of a park is guided, and meanwhile, a two-stage early warning mode is adopted, so that emission control is guaranteed, and personnel safety is also considered.
In a second aspect of the application there is provided a volatile organic compound monitoring system, the system comprising:
the sample acquisition module is used for determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park and acquiring air samples acquired at the sampling points;
The preprocessing module is used for preprocessing data of each air sample to obtain a target air sample;
The content detection module is used for detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample;
the hazard value calculation module is used for calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds;
And the early warning module is used for sending out early warning prompt when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold.
In a third aspect the application provides a computer storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the above-described method steps.
In a fourth aspect of the application there is provided an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the above-mentioned method steps.
In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
According to the application, a plurality of sampling points are intelligently determined based on historical emission source information of a target park and air samples are obtained, so that key sampling points can be determined in a targeted manner, the samples are more representative, data preprocessing and volatile organic content detection are carried out on the samples, finally, the emission hazard value of the target park is calculated by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the detection results, the real-time monitoring and quantitative evaluation of the emission of the volatile organic compounds in the park are realized, and compared with manual sampling monitoring, the emission hazard value can be accurately calculated for risk early warning, and the accuracy of monitoring the volatile organic compounds is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring volatile organic compounds according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system for volatile organic compounds according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 300. an electronic device; 301. a processor; 302. a communication bus; 303. a user interface; 304. a network interface; 305. a memory.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.
In describing embodiments of the present application, words such as "for example" or "for example" are used to mean serving as examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described herein as "such as" or "for example" in embodiments of the application should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "or" for example "is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the description of embodiments of the application, the term "plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of systems means two or more systems, and a plurality of screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating an indicated technical feature. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring volatile organic compounds is provided, the method can be implemented by a computer program, can be implemented by a single chip microcomputer, can also be operated on a monitoring system for volatile organic compounds, the computer program can be integrated on a monitoring platform, and can also be operated as an independent tool application, and specifically, the method comprises steps 10 to 50, and the steps are as follows:
Step 10: a plurality of sampling points are determined based on historical emissions source information for the target campus, and air samples collected at each sampling point are acquired.
The target park is an industrial park or an enterprise cluster area which needs to be subjected to volatile organic compound emission monitoring, and emission sources of a plurality of factories, enterprises and the like are collected in the target park, and the emission sources can emit waste gas containing volatile organic compounds during normal production operation.
Historical emissions source information refers to emissions records and statistics over time for individual emissions sources in a target campus, such as may include, but not limited to, historical average emissions per emissions source, emissions frequency, and emissions frequency.
Specifically, in the conventional fixed monitoring or manual sampling mode, due to the lack of comprehensive cognition on the distribution and the emission intensity of the on-site emission sources, the distribution of sampling points is random and subjective, so that the problem of blind areas or redundancy in monitoring is caused. To overcome this shortcoming, embodiments of the present application first utilize "historical emissions source information" for each emissions source in the target campus, which reflects past emissions conditions and the extent of environmental impact of each emissions source. Firstly, taking all emission sources with emission types of volatile organic compounds as an initial sampling point range; then, in the initial sampling point range, an emission source whose historical average emission amount is larger than a preset first emission amount or whose emission frequency is larger than a preset first frequency is determined as an actual sampling point position. The key emission source with larger influence on the regional environment can be automatically screened out by presetting the emission quantity and the emission frequency threshold value, and is used as a sampling point; meanwhile, for emission sources with smaller emission influence, sampling points are not set up, so that waste and redundancy of monitoring resources are avoided. The method has the advantages that the monitoring comprehensiveness is guaranteed, meanwhile, the effective distribution of monitoring resources is realized, and the pertinence and the efficiency of monitoring are improved. After the sampling points are determined, air samples can be collected for each sampling point, and when sampling is carried out, the scheme adopts a differentiated sampling strategy for different sampling points, namely, for the key sampling points with higher emission and frequency, a plurality of collecting points are distributed around the sampling points to collect air samples so as to fully reflect the emission influence range of the sampling points; for other sampling points with lower emission and frequency, only a single air sample is collected at the center of the point, so that the air sample collected by each sampling point can be obtained.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the step of determining a plurality of sampling points based on the historical emission source information of the target campus may further include the steps of:
Step 1011: the emission source with the emission type of volatile organic compounds is taken as an initial sampling point.
Specifically, when monitoring emissions of volatile organic compounds in a target campus, the volatile organic compounds are mainly derived from various organic solvents, fuels, intermediates, and the like used or generated during industrial production activities. Therefore, only emission sources which emit exhaust gas containing organic matters in normal operation are the objects of monitoring. According to the information of raw materials, processes, products and the like actually used by each emission source, the emission units which can emit volatile organic compounds such as organic hydrocarbons, ketones, ethers and the like can be identified and listed as candidate ranges of initial sampling points, so that preparation is made for further screening key sampling points with great influence on emission.
Step 1012: an emission source having a historical average emission greater than the first emission, or an emission frequency greater than the first frequency, is taken as the sampling point in the initial sampling point.
Specifically, the historical average emission amount refers to the average emission amount per unit time of each emission source over a period of time. The emission frequency refers to the frequency at which the emission activity of the emission source occurs, such as continuous emission or intermittent emission, and these two parameters together reflect the extent to which the emission source affects the regional environment. The greater the amount of emissions or the higher the frequency of emissions, the more organic matter it emits, and the greater the adverse effect on the regional environment. In the embodiment of the application, two preset standards of 'first discharge amount' and 'first frequency' are preset, and in the range of an initial sampling point, an emission source with a historical average discharge amount larger than the first discharge amount or a discharge frequency larger than the first frequency is determined as an actual sampling point. For example, the emission source of the first 20% of the emission amount is taken as a sampling point, or the emission source of the first 20% of the emission amount is taken as a sampling point, and the emission time of each day exceeds 4 hours.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the step of determining a plurality of sampling points based on the historical emission source information of the target campus may further include the steps of:
Step 1021: among the sampling points, a sampling point in which the historical average emission amount is larger than the second emission amount and/or the emission frequency is larger than the second frequency is used as a first sampling point, and a sampling point in which the historical average emission amount is smaller than the second emission amount and the emission frequency is smaller than the second frequency is used as a second sampling point.
There are differences in emission intensity and frequency for emission sources of different sampling points, and if the same sampling strategy is adopted at all sampling points, on one hand, excessive sampling resources may be put into the point with small emission influence, and on the other hand, sufficient sampling density may be lacking around the important emission source. In order to solve the problem, the application further classifies the sampling points and adopts a differentiated sampling strategy.
Specifically, a second emission amount and a second frequency are preset, sampling points with a historical average emission amount larger than the second emission amount and/or a emission frequency larger than the second frequency are determined as first sampling points, the first sampling points are key sampling points, sampling points with a historical average emission amount smaller than the second emission amount and a emission frequency smaller than the second frequency are taken as second sampling points, and the second sampling points are general sampling points. The reason for this division is that for the first sampling point, due to its large emission and high frequency, it represents the most severely affected area of emission in the target park, and more dense sampling needs to be performed around these points to fully reflect the area pollution range; for the second sampling point, the emission amount and the frequency are relatively low, the adverse effect on the regional environment is relatively limited, and only air samples at single-point positions need to be collected at the points, so that excessive sampling workload is not needed.
Step 1022: the center of the second sampling point is taken as the sampling point position.
Specifically, for the second type of sampling point, because the discharge amount and the frequency of the corresponding discharge source are low, the influence range and the intensity of the regional environment are small, in order to properly cover the low discharge sources and avoid too much unnecessary sampling resources, the central position of the discharge port corresponding to the second sampling point is taken as the sampling point position of air sampling, and an air sample is acquired at the central point position.
Step 1023: a plurality of sampling point locations is determined based on the historical average emission and the emission frequency of the first sampling point.
Specifically, for the first sampling point, the area with the most serious influence of organic pollution in the target park is represented due to the large discharge amount and high discharge frequency of the corresponding discharge source. In order to fully reflect the pollution range and the pollution degree of the key areas, a plurality of acquisition points are arranged around the first sampling point to acquire air samples, and the air samples are not sampled at a single point. The first sampling point corresponds to a value of a historical average emission amount and an emission frequency of the emission source, which together determine an emission impact range and a diffusion intensity of the emission source. For example, for key sampling points with extremely high historical emission, a plurality of sampling point positions are distributed around the periphery of the key sampling points at certain intervals so as to fully reflect the pollution influence of the large-range diffusion of the key sampling points; for a key sampling point with high emission frequency, a plurality of far-extending acquisition point positions are distributed at the downwind position of the key sampling point so as to track a pollution diffusion path of continuous emission of the key sampling point; for the key sampling points with higher emission and higher frequency, a plurality of sampling point positions are distributed at the positions far around the periphery and downwind by combining the two modes. By the multi-point three-dimensional sampling point distribution mode, the emission influence of different intensities and ranges of key emission sources can be reflected in an all-round manner, so that the collected air sample has high representativeness and accuracy.
Step 1024: and acquiring air samples acquired at each acquisition point position.
Specifically, sampling equipment subjected to standard calibration and verification, such as a vacuum sampling steel bottle, a stainless steel sampling tank, a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag and the like, is used during sampling, so that the quality and the operation specification of the equipment are ensured. The change condition of on-site meteorological conditions (wind direction, wind speed, temperature, pressure and the like) needs to be monitored and recorded in real time, and sampling under severe meteorological conditions is avoided so as not to influence the quality of a sample; for adverse weather of the atmospheric diffusion model, sampling points can be added or sampling time can be adjusted appropriately. All information of the collection time, place, environment, operators and the like of each sample is recorded in detail, so that traceability of sample data is ensured, and once an analysis result is abnormal, a reason can be quickly searched. The collected air sample may include, but is not limited to, various organic volatile contaminants, partially inorganic gaseous contaminants, environmental base gases, trace particulate matter, and the like.
Step 20: and carrying out data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample.
Specifically, after the raw air samples from each collection point location in the target park are obtained, although the raw air samples contain information about the actual pollutant concentration in the atmosphere, noise components, such as residues of sampling equipment, laboratory environment interference, etc., are inevitably mixed in the raw air samples, and the noise affects the accuracy of subsequent data analysis.
Since the various noise sources described above may be present in the air sample, filtering denoising of the raw data is required. The common noise processing methods include wavelet decomposition, kalman filtering, smoothing filtering and the like, and a proper algorithm can be selected according to specific data characteristics, so that the denoising processing can effectively eliminate discrete noise points and burrs in the data, and the data smoothing degree is improved. Secondly, data normalization processing is carried out, and because the conditions of all sampling points are different, absolute concentration values of different pollutants are also quite different, and the problem of inconsistent dimension can be generated by directly analyzing the data, therefore, normalization dimensionless processing is needed to be carried out on all data components, the data components are uniformly converted into the same value interval, such as 0-1 interval, the mutual influence among different amount of data is avoided, and the applicability of subsequent analysis and calculation is increased. Finally, the data smoothing process is performed, and even though the denoising process is performed, severe segmentation discontinuity can exist among certain data points due to the influence of random fluctuation. The smoothing process can inhibit the discrete fluctuation to a certain extent, so that adjacent data points show a smooth transition trend, the integral characteristic of the concentration distribution of the atmospheric pollutants is reflected, and common smoothing means include moving average, convolution smoothing and other algorithms.
After the pretreatment links are adopted, the original air sample data are converted into target air sample data, the interference of noise components is eliminated, the dimensions of the data components are consistent, smooth and continuous, the accuracy and the representativeness of pollutant concentration information are effectively improved, and the reliability of monitoring and evaluating results is ensured.
Step 30: and detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample.
Specifically, the main atmospheric pollutant sources in industrial parks and chemical parks are emissions of various organic volatile compounds (VOCs), such as hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and the like, and the concentration level of the emissions can be detected to directly reflect the air quality condition of the area. The standard VOCs detection and analysis method, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology, has high sensitivity, high selectivity and high accuracy, and is used for carrying out qualitative and quantitative analysis and detection on target VOCs in the air sample. Aiming at VOCs compounds with different types and properties, grouping or independent determination is carried out, and the content of various VOCs in the air sample is comprehensively monitored. The method adopts standardized methods such as an internal standard method, an external standard method and the like, ensures the quantitative accuracy and reliability of instrument measurement data through means such as standard substance correction and the like, finally obtains the types of volatile organic compounds and corresponding concentration values, can further classify and summarize according to the types and the properties of VOCs, for example, respectively count the total concentration of VOCs in the types such as alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, or calculate the concentration of toxic and harmful VOCs which pay attention to, and the like, and can comprehensively quantify the content level of the VOCs in each target air sample in this way.
Based on the above embodiments, as an optional embodiment, the step of detecting the content of the volatile organic compounds in each target air sample may further include the following steps:
step 301: and (3) carrying out component separation and quantitative analysis on each target air sample to obtain an analysis result.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application adopts a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology to carry out full component separation and quantitative analysis detection on an air sample, a target air sample is injected into a gas chromatography system through a sample inlet, and a chromatographic column is utilized to carry out high-efficiency separation on sample injection gas, so that different compound components are separated into single peak forms, and the single component peak forms enter a mass spectrum detector at one time and are ionized and molecular disintegrated in a high vacuum environment; detecting the flight time or the mass/charge ratio of the ion flow, and carrying out component identification according to characteristic ion peaks and a mass spectrum library; according to the current response value of the standard substance with known concentration, combining the relative response factors, and quantitatively calculating the absolute concentration of the component; identifying and measuring the component concentration one by one for all chromatographic-mass spectrum signal peaks appearing in each air sample; the laboratory monitors the gas path environment, the instrument leak detection and the quality control samples synchronously, ensures the quality of detection data, and finally obtains the analysis result of each target air sample, wherein the analysis result comprises the GC-MS total ion flow spectrum of each air sample, and shows the ion peak signals of all the compound components in the sample, the retention time, characteristic ions, molecular weight and the like corresponding to each ion peak signal.
Step 302: and determining the type of the volatile organic compound and the corresponding concentration value based on the analysis result.
Specifically, the compound type is primarily judged according to the retention time of an ion peak, characteristic ions and molecular weight in an analysis result; comparing and searching the mass spectrum data of the ion peak with a standard mass spectrum library; combining factors such as chromatographic retention behavior and the like, and finding the most matched VOCs compound structure from a standard library; determining the molecular formula and system naming of the VOCs according to standard naming rules; according to the classification standard of VOCs, the VOCs are classified into different VOCs family types such as alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like. For each ion peak signal, the GC-MS raw data has given its quantitative concentration values and units; taking the arithmetic average of the concentration values of a plurality of ion peaks representing the same VOCs; adding and averaging concentration values of the same type of VOCs in different air samples; for some VOCs families, it is necessary to add up the concentration values of all the VOCs of the family; synchronously calculating and evaluating quality control data such as standard product labeling recovery rate and the like in a laboratory; and carrying out necessary correction on the concentration value according to the quality control result, and ensuring accurate quantitative result. Not only is a list of all the VOCs contained in each target air sample determined, but the average concentration level of each VOCs in the target air sample is also obtained, and the concentration values divided by the VOCs family are counted.
Step 303: and determining the content of the volatile organic compounds in the target air sample according to the concentration value corresponding to each volatile organic compound.
Specifically, the concentration values corresponding to the volatile organic compounds are summed up to obtain the content of the volatile organic compounds in the target air sample.
Step 40: and calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of each sampling point and the content of each volatile organic compound.
Emissions source signature refers in embodiments of the present application to a series of parameters and characteristic information that fully describe and quantify the emissions and emissions behavior of each emissions source, including, but not limited to, emissions area, emissions risk level, emissions duration, etc.
Specifically, after the sampling analysis is completed, the content of volatile organic compounds in each sampling point is obtained, and meanwhile, the emission source characteristics of each emission source in the industrial park are also obtained. The simple volatile organic matter content is difficult to intuitively reflect the hazard degree, and the emission hazard value is quantized into a numerical index, so that the emission hazard value is conveniently compared with a standard value, and the emission risk level is more intuitively judged. Substituting the discharge port area, the discharge port dangerous level, the discharge duration and the content of volatile organic compounds in the discharge source characteristics into a hazard value calculation formula to obtain the discharge hazard value of the target park. Wherein the discharge port area refers to the size of the cross-sectional area of the discharge port of each discharge source, and generally takes square meters (m 2) as a unit, which reflects the discharge capacity of the discharge port and the magnitude of ventilation. The larger the area, the larger the discharge amount. The danger level of the discharge port is evaluated according to the type and concentration level of main pollutants discharged by each discharge port and the related national standards (such as 'volatile organic compound discharge standard'), and the like. The discharge duration refers to the total time for which the discharge port fixes the actual discharge production, and includes the cumulative sum of the continuous discharge duration and the intermittent discharge duration.
The hazard value calculation formula is:
wherein E is the emission hazard value, n is the number of sampling points, E i is the emission hazard value of the ith sampling point, S i is the area of the emission port of the ith sampling point, S max is the maximum value of the area of the emission port in all sampling points, R i is the emission port hazard level, T i is the emission duration, T max is the maximum value of the emission duration in all sampling points, C i is the content of volatile organic matters in the ith sampling point, C max is the maximum value of the content of volatile organic matters in all sampling points, D i is the diffusion coefficient of the ith sampling point, and H i is the hazard coefficient of the ith sampling point.
The harm value calculation formula firstly needs to calculate the emission harm value of each sampling point, and comprehensively considers the factors such as the area of the discharge port, the dangerous level of the discharge port, the discharge duration, the content of volatile organic compounds, the diffusion coefficient, the harm coefficient and the like. Specifically, first of allThe discharge port area is normalized and logarithmically transformed, the normalization enables the area values to be compared in the same scale, and the logarithmically transformed (1 is added to avoid the case of logarithmically 0) is used for smoothing data, so that the influence of extreme values is reduced. The discharge hazard level R i directly participates in the multiplication operation, representing the relative risk of the sampling point. Emission duration normalizationSo that the duration values are compared in the same scale, and the content of the volatile organic compounds is normalized and logarithmically transformedThe same normalization allows the content values to be compared within the same scale, and a logarithmic transformation (adding 1 to avoid the case of logarithmic 0) is used to smooth the data, reducing the effects of extremes. Reciprocal of diffusion coefficientThe greater the diffusion capacity, the less hazardous, and finally multiplied by the hazard coefficient H i, the potential hazard coefficient for a particular substance or contaminant to the environment and human health.
Finally throughGeometric averaging to calculate the emission hazard value E for the target campus population, the geometric averaging being adapted to handle a set of relative values, particularly when the data contains parameters of different magnitudes, the geometric averaging being able to more objectively reflect the population level, avoiding excessive impact of a single extreme value on the result.
The formula design aims at comprehensively evaluating various parameters of each sampling point, the normalization processing ensures that the parameters are compared in the same scale, unbalance caused by different dimensions is avoided, the logarithmic transformation can smooth data, the influence of extreme values is reduced, the calculation result is more stable, the calculation formula provides an integral hazard value, and the evaluation result is more comprehensive and accurate by considering privacy including the area of a discharge outlet, the dangerous level of the discharge outlet, the discharge duration, the content of volatile organic compounds, the diffusion coefficient, the hazard coefficient and the like.
Step 50: and when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, sending out an early warning prompt.
Specifically, a threshold grading standard of 'emission hazard value' is set by combining with a national or local related emission standard limit value or a control target in the process of planning and criticizing in a park, for example, 180 is a secondary early warning threshold, 300 is a primary early warning threshold, and the like. Comparing the calculated emission hazard value with preset threshold standards of all levels, judging whether a certain threshold level is exceeded, and confirming the early warning level which should be sent out at this time, such as yellow early warning, red early warning and the like, according to the exceeded specific threshold level.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, a method for monitoring volatile organic compounds further includes the following steps:
Specifically, in order to effectively control the emission of volatile organic compounds and reduce the harm to the environment and human health, the embodiment optimizes the subsequent treatment after the early warning, and firstly determines specific emission control measure suggestions corresponding to the sampling points based on the content of the volatile organic compounds detected in each sampling point. For example, if the volatile organic content of a sample point is high, indicating that there may be a problem with the emission source corresponding to that point, then a suggestion may be made to reduce the operating load of the emission source or optimize its process parameters to reduce the formation and emissions of volatile organic compounds. For sampling points with particularly high content, a closed collection mode can be suggested to collect and recycle volatile organic compounds, so that the volatile organic compounds are prevented from being directly discharged into the environment. The system then continues to monitor the emission hazard value for the target campus after the emission control recommendation is made. If the monitoring still finds that the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold within a preset period of time (e.g., 5 hours), it indicates that the emission control measures taken are insufficient to reduce the overall emission risk of the campus, and then an area evacuation warning needs to be sent out to suggest that relevant personnel are immediately evacuated, so that further exposure to volatile organic compounds is avoided, and the human health is protected to the greatest extent.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system for volatile organic compounds according to an embodiment of the present application may include: sample collection module, preprocessing module, content detection module, harm value calculation module and early warning module, wherein:
the sample acquisition module is used for determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park and acquiring air samples acquired at the sampling points;
The preprocessing module is used for preprocessing data of each air sample to obtain a target air sample;
The content detection module is used for detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample;
the hazard value calculation module is used for calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds;
And the early warning module is used for sending out early warning prompt when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold.
Optionally, the sample collection module is further configured to use an emission source that emits volatile organic compounds as an initial sampling point; and taking the emission source with the historical average emission amount larger than the first emission amount or the emission frequency larger than the first frequency as a sampling point in the initial sampling point.
Optionally, the sample collection module is further configured to take, as a first sampling point, a sampling point, of the sampling points, where the historical average emission amount is greater than a second emission amount, and/or the emission frequency is greater than a second frequency, and take, as a second sampling point, a sampling point, where the historical average emission amount is less than the second emission amount and the emission frequency is less than the second frequency; taking the center of the second sampling point as the position of the sampling point; determining a plurality of sampling point positions according to the historical average emission amount and the emission frequency of the first sampling point; and acquiring air samples acquired by the positions of the acquisition points.
Optionally, the preprocessing module is further configured to perform data denoising processing on each air sample to obtain denoised data; and sequentially carrying out normalization processing and smoothing processing on the denoised data to obtain a target air sample.
Optionally, the content detection module is further configured to perform component separation and quantitative analysis on each target air sample to obtain an analysis result; determining the type of the volatile organic compounds and the corresponding concentration value based on the analysis result; and determining the content of the volatile organic compounds in the target air sample according to the concentration value corresponding to each volatile organic compound.
Optionally, the hazard value calculation module is further configured to substitute the area of the discharge port, the hazard level of the discharge port, the discharge duration, and the content of the volatile organic compound of each sampling point into a hazard value calculation formula to obtain a discharge hazard value of the target park;
The hazard value calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is the emission hazard value, n is the number of sampling points, E i is the emission hazard value of the ith sampling point, S i is the area of the emission port of the ith sampling point, S max is the maximum value of the area of the emission port in all sampling points, R i is the emission port hazard level, T i is the emission duration, T max is the maximum value of the emission duration in all sampling points, C i is the content of volatile organic matters in the ith sampling point, C max is the maximum value of the content of volatile organic matters in all sampling points, D i is the diffusion coefficient of the ith sampling point, and H i is the hazard coefficient of the ith sampling point.
Optionally, the monitoring system for volatile organic compounds further includes a advice generating module, configured to determine a control emission advice for the corresponding sampling point based on the content of volatile organic compound emissions in each sampling point, where the control emission advice includes at least one of reducing an emission source operating load, optimizing a process parameter, and sealing an emission collection; and after the preset duration, if the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, issuing regional evacuation early warning.
It should be noted that: in the system provided in the above embodiment, when implementing the functions thereof, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example, in practical application, the above functional allocation may be implemented by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to implement all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided in the foregoing embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes of the system and method embodiments are detailed in the method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer storage medium, which can store a plurality of instructions, the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method for monitoring the volatile organic compounds in the embodiment, and the specific execution process can be referred to the specific description of the embodiment and is not repeated here.
Referring to fig. 3, the application also discloses an electronic device. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to the disclosure. The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301, at least one network interface 304, a user interface 303, a memory 305, at least one communication bus 302.
Wherein the communication bus 302 is used to enable connected communication between these components.
The user interface 303 may include a Display screen (Display), a Camera (Camera), and the optional user interface 303 may further include a standard wired interface, and a wireless interface.
The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface), among others.
Wherein the processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 301 utilizes various interfaces and lines to connect various portions of the overall server, perform various functions of the server and process data by executing or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, and invoking data stored in the memory 305. Alternatively, the processor 301 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of digital signal Processing (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processing, DSP), field-Programmable gate array (Field-Programmable GATE ARRAY, FPGA), programmable logic array (Programmable Logic Array, PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of several of a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), an image processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), and a modem, etc. The CPU mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application program and the like; the GPU is used for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed by the display screen; the modem is used to handle wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 and may be implemented by a single chip.
The Memory 305 may include a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or a Read-Only Memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer readable medium (non-transitory computer-readable storage medium). Memory 305 may be used to store instructions, programs, code, sets of codes, or sets of instructions. The memory 305 may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-described respective method embodiments, etc.; the storage data area may store data or the like involved in the above respective method embodiments. Memory 305 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 301. Referring to fig. 3, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an application program of a monitoring method of volatile organic compounds may be included in the memory 305 as a computer storage medium.
In the electronic device 300 shown in fig. 3, the user interface 303 is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user, and acquiring data input by the user; and processor 301 may be configured to invoke an application program in memory 305 that stores a method of monitoring volatile organic compounds, which when executed by one or more processors 301, causes electronic device 300 to perform the method as described in one or more of the embodiments above. It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of acts, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may be performed in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all of the preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required for the present application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, such as a division of units, merely a division of logic functions, and there may be additional divisions in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some service interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, electrical or otherwise.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in whole or in part in the form of a software product stored in a memory, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method of the various embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned memory includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, equivalent changes and modifications are contemplated by the teachings of this disclosure, which fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure.
This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for monitoring volatile organic compounds, the method comprising:
Determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park, and acquiring air samples acquired at each sampling point; performing data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample;
detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample;
Calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds;
And when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, sending out an early warning prompt.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the historical emissions source information includes historical average emissions, emissions frequency, and emissions type for each emissions source, and wherein determining the plurality of sampling points based on the historical emissions source information for the target campus comprises:
Taking an emission source of which the emission type is to emit volatile organic compounds as an initial sampling point;
and taking the emission source with the historical average emission amount larger than the first emission amount or the emission frequency larger than the first frequency as a sampling point in the initial sampling point.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the acquiring the air sample collected at each sampling point comprises:
Among the sampling points, a sampling point of which the historical average emission amount is larger than a second emission amount and/or the emission frequency is larger than a second frequency is used as a first sampling point, and a sampling point of which the historical average emission amount is smaller than the second emission amount and the emission frequency is smaller than the second frequency is used as a second sampling point;
Taking the center of the second sampling point as the position of the sampling point;
Determining a plurality of sampling point positions according to the historical average emission amount and the emission frequency of the first sampling point;
an air sample is acquired at each of the acquisition point locations.
4. The method for monitoring volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, wherein the performing data preprocessing on each air sample to obtain a target air sample comprises:
carrying out data denoising treatment on each air sample to obtain denoised data;
And sequentially carrying out normalization processing and smoothing processing on the denoised data to obtain a target air sample.
5. The method for monitoring volatile organic compounds as set forth in claim 1, wherein said detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each of said target air samples comprises:
Performing component separation and quantitative analysis on each target air sample to obtain an analysis result;
Determining the type of the volatile organic compounds and the corresponding concentration value based on the analysis result;
And determining the content of the volatile organic compounds in the target air sample according to the concentration value corresponding to each volatile organic compound.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the emissions source signature includes an emissions source area, an emissions risk level, and an emissions duration, and wherein the calculating the emissions risk value for the target campus by combining the emissions source signature for each of the sampling points and the content of each of the volatile organic compounds comprises:
Substituting the discharge port area, the discharge port danger level, the discharge time length and the content of the volatile organic compounds of each sampling point into a hazard value calculation formula to obtain a discharge hazard value of the target park;
The hazard value calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is the emission hazard value, n is the number of sampling points, E i is the emission hazard value of the ith sampling point, S i is the area of the emission port of the ith sampling point, S max is the maximum value of the area of the emission port in all sampling points, R i is the emission port hazard level, T i is the emission duration, T max is the maximum value of the emission duration in all sampling points, C i is the content of volatile organic matters in the ith sampling point, C max is the maximum value of the content of volatile organic matters in all sampling points, D i is the diffusion coefficient of the ith sampling point, and H i is the hazard coefficient of the ith sampling point.
7. The method for monitoring volatile organic compounds according to claim 1, wherein when the emission hazard value is greater than a hazard threshold, after sending out an early warning prompt, further comprising:
Determining a control emission recommendation for each sampling point based on the volatile organic emissions content of the sampling points, the control emission recommendation including at least one of reducing emission source operating load, optimizing process parameters, and closing the collection;
And after the preset duration, if the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold, issuing regional evacuation early warning.
8. A system for monitoring volatile organic compounds, the system comprising:
the sample acquisition module is used for determining a plurality of sampling points based on historical emission source information of a target park and acquiring air samples acquired at the sampling points;
The preprocessing module is used for preprocessing data of each air sample to obtain a target air sample;
The content detection module is used for detecting the content of volatile organic compounds in each target air sample;
the hazard value calculation module is used for calculating the emission hazard value of the target park by combining the emission source characteristics of the sampling points and the content of the volatile organic compounds;
And the early warning module is used for sending out early warning prompt when the emission hazard value is greater than the hazard threshold.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a user interface, and a network interface, the memory for storing instructions, the user interface and the network interface for communicating to other devices, the processor for executing the instructions stored in the memory to cause the electronic device to perform the method of any of claims 1-7.
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