CN118566943B - Non-blind area coherent wind lidar system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to a non-blind area coherent wind-measuring laser radar system, wherein a continuous single-frequency narrow-linewidth laser is connected with a 5/95 coupler, the 5/95 coupler is connected with an acousto-optic modulator and an attenuator, the acousto-optic modulator is connected with a first optical switch, the first optical switch is connected with two optical fiber amplifiers, the two optical fiber amplifiers are respectively connected with a telescope through a circulator, the two circulators are connected with a second optical switch, the attenuator and the second optical switch are connected with 2 x 2 couplers, the 2 x 2 coupler is connected with a balance detector, the balance detector is connected with an A/D acquisition device, the A/D acquisition device is connected with a signal processing control unit, and the signal processing control unit is controlled to be connected with the acousto-optic modulator, the first optical switch and the second optical switch. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can realize the coverage of non-blind areas from near to far, namely, in the detection range of the radar system, accurate wind field detection can be realized no matter the distance is far or near.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to a coherent wind lidar system without blind areas.
Background
The existing laser wind-finding radars are divided into two types, one is a continuous wave laser wind-finding radar, and the other is a pulse laser wind-finding radar.
When the continuous wave laser wind-finding radar works, the distance resolution is realized by changing the optical focusing position, and as the focusing position moves to the far distance, the focal depth of the focusing light beam is increased, the distance resolution is reduced, so that the continuous wave laser wind-finding radar cannot focus in a long distance and is only limited to short-distance measurement.
When the pulse laser wind-finding radar works, the resolution of the detection distance can be directly realized without optical focusing, and the technical bottleneck of long-distance focusing does not exist, but the pulse width time width of the laser emission has a short-distance detection blind area, so that the pulse width time width of the laser emission is only suitable for long-distance detection.
The patent CN111398993a discloses a non-blind area pulse coherent wind-finding laser radar system, which uses a reflector to divide the laser signal of the back scattering of the atmosphere received by the optical transceiver of the laser radar into two parts: part of the signals are transmitted to a remote measurement transmission module through the middle through hole to form remote measurement channel signals; the other part is reflected to the close-range measurement transmission module through the annular interface to form a close-range measurement channel signal, so that detection without blind areas is realized. But the mirrors introduce additional optical components and optical paths, which results in more complex optical paths and increased loss of the optical signal. Especially in long distance measurement, optical loss may affect the strength and quality of the signal, and thus the measurement accuracy.
The coherent wind lidar system with adjustable distance resolution disclosed in the patent CN105158770A is only suitable for long-distance detection although the distance resolution of the coherent wind lidar is adjustable and the application degree of the coherent wind lidar is improved under different resolution requirement occasions and different weather conditions.
The patent CN220381290U discloses a non-blind area coherent wind lidar telescope system based on polarization beam splitting, which avoids blind areas by using polarization extinction, but the polarization beam splitting system in the system is sensitive to environmental conditions, such as temperature change and mechanical vibration, which may affect the stability and performance of the system.
The coherent laser wind-finding radar device disclosed in the patent CN116931003a can improve the output power of the laser signal in the laser radar by transmitting the multi-wavelength laser detection signal, thereby improving the detection performance of the laser radar. But also does not solve the problem of the existence of the probe blind area.
Therefore, the application designs a coherent wind lidar system without blind areas so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coherent wind lidar system without blind areas in order to make up for the defects in the prior art.
The utility model provides a no blind area's coherent wind lidar system, includes continuous single frequency narrow linewidth laser instrument, its characterized in that:
The continuous single-frequency narrow linewidth laser is connected with a 5/95 coupler, the 5/95 coupler is connected with an acousto-optic modulator and an attenuator, the acousto-optic modulator is connected with a first optical switch, the first optical switch is connected with two optical fiber amplifiers, the two optical fiber amplifiers are respectively connected with a telescope through circulators, the two circulators are connected with a second optical switch, the second optical switch and the attenuator are connected with 2 x 2 couplers, the 2 x 2 coupler is connected with a balance detector, the balance detector is connected with an A/D acquisition device, the A/D acquisition device is in signal processing control unit, and the signal processing control unit is in control connection with the acousto-optic modulator, the first optical switch and the second optical switch.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the two optical fiber amplifiers include a first optical fiber amplifier and a second optical fiber amplifier, the first optical fiber amplifier is connected to a first circulator, the first circulator is connected to a first telescope, the second optical fiber amplifier is connected to a second circulator, the second circulator is connected to a second telescope, and the first circulator and the second circulator are further connected to a second optical switch.
Further, in order to better realize the invention, the coherent wind-finding laser radar system without blind areas comprises two radar modes, namely a pulse mode and a continuous mode, wherein the signal processing control unit controls the switching of the optical switch, and the mode switching is realized by applying voltage or driving signals to the optical switch; meanwhile, the signal processing control unit controls the working mode of the acousto-optic modulator, and the working mode is changed by changing the waveform of a signal applied to the acousto-optic modulator, for example, a square wave pulse signal is applied to the acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator works in a pulse mode, frequency shift and modulation are generated on laser, for example, a fixed continuous voltage signal is applied to the acousto-optic modulator, the acousto-optic modulator works in a continuous mode, and only frequency shift is generated on the laser, and no modulation is generated.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in the continuous mode, the optical signal is suitable for short-distance measurement, and enters the first optical fiber amplifier through the first optical switch, then enters the first circulator, finally, the laser is emitted through the first telescope, and meanwhile, the scattered optical signal is received, and the received scattered optical signal enters the 2x 2 coupler through the first circulator and the second optical switch.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, in the pulse mode, the optical signal is suitable for remote measurement, and enters the second optical fiber amplifier through the first optical switch, then enters the second circulator, finally, the second telescope emits laser light and simultaneously receives the scattered optical signal, and the received scattered optical signal enters the 2x 2 coupler through the second circulator and the second optical switch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The continuous Doppler wind-finding radar is generally suitable for high-precision detection in a short distance, the pulse wind-finding radar is suitable for large-range scanning in a long distance, and the continuous Doppler wind-finding radar and the pulse wind-finding radar are combined to realize non-blind area coverage from the short distance to the long distance, namely accurate wind field detection can be realized in the detection range of a radar system no matter the distance is far or near. The two radars are combined to dynamically select different working modes according to specific requirements. For example, when detailed high resolution close range wind speed measurements are required, continuous Doppler radar may be used; and when a long-range coverage is required, the method can be switched to a pulse radar mode. This flexibility may maximize the performance of the radar system according to different application scenarios. Combining the data from both radars can provide more comprehensive and accurate wind field information, continuous Doppler radars provide high time resolution local measurement data, and pulsed radars provide high spatial resolution long range data. By combining the characteristics of the continuous wave laser wind measuring radar and the pulse laser wind measuring radar, a set of narrow linewidth laser seed source, a double-stage acousto-optic modulator and a detection processing system are used, and the acousto-optic modulator, the first optical switch and the second optical switch are synchronously controlled by a control unit to timely perform near-distance wind measurement and long-distance wind measurement, so that the blind area-free detection of a wind field is realized. The data of the wind speed and the wind direction can be comprehensively utilized, a signal processing algorithm can be optimized, and the measurement accuracy of the wind speed and the wind direction is improved. Although combining two radars increases system complexity and cost, the overall cost is more reasonable than building two independent radar systems separately, especially for applications requiring wide range coverage and high accuracy measurement, the integrated use can significantly reduce overall cost and space occupation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the drawing the view of the figure,
1. The device comprises a continuous single-frequency narrow linewidth laser, 2, 5/95 couplers, 3, an acousto-optic modulator, 4, a first optical switch, 5, a first optical fiber amplifier, 6, a second optical fiber amplifier, 7, a first circulator, 8, a second circulator, 9, a first telescope, 10, a second telescope, 11, a second optical switch, 12, an attenuator, 13, 2 x 2 couplers, 14, a balance detector, 15, an A/D acquisition device, 16 and a signal processing control unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which the wavelength of the continuous single-frequency narrow-linewidth laser 1 is in a 1.5 μm band (other wavelengths such as 1.0 μm and 2.0 μm may be used), a single-frequency narrow-linewidth laser with mW level power may be output, the linewidth <3kHz is connected to the 5/95 coupler 2, the emitted light enters the 5/95 coupler 2, after entering the 5/95 coupler 2, the light with smaller power is taken as local oscillation light through the attenuator 12, the light with larger power enters the acousto-optic modulator 3, according to the difference of the measured distance, the acousto-optic modulator 3 modulates the continuous light into pulse light and shifts the frequency or only shifts the frequency of the light, where the frequency shift of the acousto-optic modulator 3 is 80MHz (other frequency shifts may also be used), the value determines the measurable maximum wind speed value of the wind-measuring radar system, the greater the measurable wind speed is the greater the light after being modulated or shifted the frequency enters different optical fibers through the first optical switch 4 to be amplified, and finally, the light enters the to be measured in the annular field and the telescope. The signal light received by different telescopes is subjected to beat frequency difference with the local oscillation light in the 2 x 2 coupler 13 through the control of the second optical switch 11, the signal light is used as a positive path and a negative path to be connected with the balance detector 14, the balance detector 14 is connected with the A/D acquisition device 15, the A/D acquisition device 15 carries out data processing after carrying out A/D conversion on the mixed frequency signal output by the balance detector 14, the signal processing control unit 16 controls the acousto-optic modulator 3, the first optical switch 4 and the second optical switch 11 through synchronous trigger signals, so that the system works in different states and is suitable for wind measurement at different distances, and the signal processing control unit 16 carries out signal analysis processing simultaneously to obtain wind field information.
The design of the optical switch part is mainly used for realizing the switching between different radar modes, namely the dynamic switching between a pulse mode and a continuous mode, so as to achieve the purpose of Doppler anemometry in different distance ranges. The optical switch plays a key role here, and can control the transmission path of light, so that the radar system can be quickly switched to different working modes according to the needs, because the parameters of the amplifiers used for continuous light amplification and pulse light amplification are different, and the corresponding optical lenses are different. The switching of the optical switch is controlled by the signal processing control unit 16, and the signal processing control unit 16 can automatically select a proper operation mode according to the operation state of the radar system and the input signal by applying a voltage or a driving signal to the optical switch to realize rapid switching. In the application scene of the coherent laser wind-finding radar, the continuous wave mode laser wind-finding radar is particularly suitable for short-distance measurement (such as 1m-200 m). In this mode, the optical signal enters the first optical fiber amplifier 5 through the first optical switch 4, then enters the first circulator 7, finally the wind field information is collected through the first telescope 9, the first telescope 9 emits laser light and receives the scattered optical signal, and the received scattered optical signal enters the 2 x 2 coupler 13 through the first circulator 7 and the second optical switch 11. Whereas for long range measurements (e.g. 100m-5000 m) a switch to pulse mode is required. At this time, the optical signal enters the second optical fiber amplifier 6 through the first optical switch 4, then enters the second circulator 8, and completes the collection of wind field data through the second telescope 10, the second telescope 10 emits laser light and receives scattered optical signals, and the received scattered optical signals enter the 2 x 2 coupler 13 through the first circulator 7 and the second optical switch 11.
By combining the characteristics of the continuous wave laser wind-finding radar and the pulse laser wind-finding radar, the embodiment uses a set of narrow linewidth laser seed source, a double-stage acousto-optic modulator (AOM) and a detection system, synchronously controls the AOM and two optical switches through a control unit, and timely carries out near-distance and long-distance wind-finding, thereby realizing blind-area-free detection of a wind field.
In this embodiment, the switching of the working mode of the laser wind-finding radar may also use an integrated intelligent sensor, for example, a sensor assembly with an adaptive function, and may automatically adjust the working mode of the radar according to environmental conditions or preset parameters, so as to implement more efficient data acquisition and processing, so long as the working mode of the radar can be automatically switched.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and that other modifications and equivalents thereof by those skilled in the art should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a no blind area's coherent wind lidar system, includes continuous single frequency narrow linewidth laser instrument (1), its characterized in that:
The continuous single-frequency narrow-linewidth laser (1) is connected with a 5/95 coupler (2), the 5/95 coupler (2) is connected with an acousto-optic modulator (3) and an attenuator (12), the acousto-optic modulator (3) is connected with a first optical switch (4), the first optical switch (4) is connected with two optical fiber amplifiers, the two optical fiber amplifiers are respectively connected with a telescope through a circulator, the two circulators are connected with a second optical switch (11), the second optical switch (11) and the attenuator (12) are connected with 2 x 2 couplers (13), the 2 x 2 couplers (13) are connected with a balance detector (14), the balance detector (14) is connected with an A/D acquisition device (15), the A/D acquisition device (15) is connected with a signal processing control unit (16), and the signal processing control unit (16) is controlled to be connected with the acousto-optic modulator (3), the first optical switch (4) and the second optical switch (11); the coherent wind-finding laser radar system without blind areas comprises two radar modes, namely a pulse mode and a continuous mode, wherein the signal processing control unit (16) controls the switching of the optical switch, the mode switching is realized by applying voltage or driving signals to the optical switch, the working mode of the acousto-optic modulator (3) is controlled, the acousto-optic modulator (3) only moves frequency and does not modulate in the continuous mode, and the acousto-optic modulator (3) moves frequency and modulates in the pulse mode; in the continuous mode, the signal processing control unit (16) controls the first optical switch (4) and the second optical switch (11) to be respectively communicated with the first optical fiber amplifier (5) and the first circulator (7), so that the optical signal enters the first optical fiber amplifier (5) through the first optical switch (4) and then enters the first circulator (7), finally, the first telescope (9) is used for transmitting laser and receiving scattered optical signals, and the received scattered optical signals enter the 2 x 2 coupler (13) through the first circulator (7) and the second optical switch (11); under the pulse mode, the signal processing control unit (16) controls the first optical switch (4) and the second optical switch (11) to be respectively communicated with the second optical fiber amplifier (6) and the second circulator (8), the optical signal enters the second optical fiber amplifier (6) through the first optical switch (4) and then enters the second circulator (8), finally, the second telescope (10) is used for emitting laser and receiving scattered optical signals, and the received scattered optical signals enter the 2 x 2 coupler (13) through the first circulator (7) and the second optical switch (11).
2. The non-blind area coherent wind lidar system according to claim 1, wherein:
The two optical fiber amplifiers comprise a first optical fiber amplifier (5) and a second optical fiber amplifier (6), the first optical fiber amplifier (5) is connected with a first circulator (7), the first circulator (7) is connected with a first telescope (9), the second optical fiber amplifier (6) is connected with a second circulator (8), the second circulator (8) is connected with a second telescope (10), the first circulator (7) and the second circulator (8) are further connected with a second optical switch (11), and the second optical switch (11) is connected with a2 x 2 coupler (13).
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| CN105005054A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Non-scanning continuous optical coherence speed measurement laser radar based on time-division multiplexing |
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| CN103513257B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学技术大学 | Direct detection anemometry laser radar system and anemometry method based on double working wavelengths |
| CN111398993B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-03-14 | 青岛镭测创芯科技有限公司 | Non-blind area pulse coherent wind lidar system |
| CN113640832A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-12 | 中科翼安(深圳)科技有限公司 | Multi-beam coherent detection laser radar |
| CN115308715A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 陕西科技大学 | Method and system for sparse modulation wind-measuring radar |
| CN117348034A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2024-01-05 | 安徽思墨光电科技有限公司 | Coherent wind lidar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105005054A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Non-scanning continuous optical coherence speed measurement laser radar based on time-division multiplexing |
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| 激光雷达测风系统信号采集处理研究;李光福，南钢洋，潘冬阳，白雪，刘帅，孙志慧;红外与激光工程;20211025;全文 * |
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