CN118300394B - DC side energy dissipation device based on thyristor - Google Patents
DC side energy dissipation device based on thyristor Download PDFInfo
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- CN118300394B CN118300394B CN202410718658.XA CN202410718658A CN118300394B CN 118300394 B CN118300394 B CN 118300394B CN 202410718658 A CN202410718658 A CN 202410718658A CN 118300394 B CN118300394 B CN 118300394B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
- H02M1/344—Active dissipative snubbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct-current side energy dissipation device based on a thyristor, and belongs to the field of power high-voltage direct-current transmission. The direct-current side energy dissipation device topology based on the thyristors mainly comprises a plurality of energy dissipation sub-modules with consistent structures and an energy dissipation resistor. Each energy dissipation sub-module is responsible for supporting direct-current side voltage during non-fault period and controlling the input and the cut-off of an energy dissipation resistor during fault period; each energy dissipation submodule realizes the adjustment of surplus energy dissipation power in the system by controlling the time of the energy dissipation resistor in the circuit; the device adopts a low-cost semi-control type switching device, and meanwhile, the device is arranged at a shore direct current side outlet in a system, so that the construction of an offshore platform is avoided, and the hardware cost and the construction cost of equipment can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible direct current transmission protection, and particularly relates to a direct current side energy dissipation device based on a thyristor.
Background
Along with the gradual exhaustion of fossil energy and the continuous enhancement of environmental awareness, the energy supply side is greatly transformed, the duty ratio of novel clean energy on the energy supply side is continuously increased, and the novel clean energy is increasingly valued by people. The offshore wind power generation is more clean and environment-friendly, occupies smaller land area and is gradually paid attention to, and with the continuous development of scientific technology, the offshore wind power generation is further transferred to an open sea area with more continuous and stable wind energy, and the installed capacity of the offshore wind power generation is further improved.
Under the background, the flexible direct current transmission technology based on the voltage source converter is applied and rapidly developed in the open sea wind power generation scene due to the advantages of flexible control, no commutation failure, low line loss and the like, and simultaneously, more stringent requirements are put forward on stability, and particularly after faults occur in the system, how to ensure that various indexes in the system are in a safety range and further improve the fault ride-through capability of the offshore wind power flexible direct current transmission system is an important research direction and the technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
In a flexible direct current transmission system based on offshore wind power, an energy dissipation device is an important device for realizing fault ride-through of a direct current side, when an instantaneous voltage drop fault occurs on an alternating current side of a power receiving end of the system, the output power of a current converter of the power receiving end is blocked, and energy in the system is gathered on the direct current side, so that the voltage of a direct current side transmission line is indirectly increased. Because various devices in the system contain a large number of power electronic devices with limited voltage-withstand capability, the voltage borne by the power electronic devices in the various devices exceeds the tolerance level of the power electronic devices due to the rising of the voltage of the direct-current side line, and the various power electronic devices are damaged due to overvoltage.
Aiming at the direct-current side energy dissipation device, a centralized energy dissipation resistor and a distributed energy dissipation resistor are adopted to dissipate surplus energy in the system. The energy dissipation device of the centralized energy dissipation resistor is adopted, and a water cooling system is not needed to dissipate heat of the energy dissipation resistor, so that certain construction cost is saved. However, the structure of the fully-controlled switching device still contains a large amount of fully-controlled switching devices capable of tolerating higher voltage levels, and a large amount of hardware cost is still required. Therefore, aiming at the intensive research of the centralized energy dissipation device, the novel energy dissipation device with lower cost is invented, and has extremely important research significance.
Currently, in order to solve the problems of high cost and poor performance of the energy dissipation device, several patents have been studied and proposed to provide corresponding solutions, such as:
1. In the patent with the application number of CN201810555582.8 and the name of a fault ride-through and energy dissipation control method of a wind power bipolar flexible direct current power grid, a mode of adding an energy dissipation resistor to three phases of an alternating current side of a system is provided, so that surplus energy in the system is dissipated, each device in the system is protected, and the overall safety of the system is improved. However, the flexibility of energy dissipation power is limited by the use of a thyristor-like half-controlled switching device.
2. In the patent with the application number of CN202111388841.0 and the name of "a method for dissipating energy of an offshore wind power system through flexible direct current grid connection", a control method for dissipating energy on an alternating current side is provided, and dissipation of surplus power of the system is realized in a mode of utilizing active energy control of a capacitance of a current converter sub-module to buffer surplus power before alternating current fault isolation and energy grid formation control. Although the cost of the energy dissipation device is reduced to a certain extent, the control method is too complex, and a certain operation pressure is caused on the control system.
3. In the patent with the application number CN201910159238.1 and the name of "an energy dissipation system applied to flexible dc power transmission and a control method thereof", a circuit structure for performing energy dissipation on an ac side and a corresponding control method are provided, wherein in the proposed structure, the input and the removal of an energy dissipation resistor are realized by anti-parallel connection of two thyristors, and surplus energy dissipation after a fault occurs in the system is realized. However, if this method is installed in an offshore wind power system, a platform for installing equipment needs to be built offshore, which increases the construction cost.
In summary, the existing methods still have the defects of complex operation of a control system, poor energy dissipation effect, high construction cost and the like. For this reason, a topology that can provide good energy dissipation performance and reduced cost is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to solve the problems of inflexible energy dissipation power adjustment, complex control system operation and high construction cost of most of the energy dissipation structures at present, and provides a direct current side energy dissipation device based on thyristors. When voltage drop faults occur on the alternating current side of the power receiving end of the system, the input and the removal of the energy dissipation resistor are adjusted through the on-off of the thyristor in the energy dissipation submodule, and the energy on the direct current side is dissipated through the energy dissipation resistor.
The thyristor-based direct-current side energy dissipation device comprises a plurality of energy dissipation submodules and energy dissipation resistors. The thyristor-based direct-current side energy dissipation device is formed by connecting a plurality of energy dissipation submodules and energy dissipation resistors in series. Each energy dissipation sub-module comprises a first thyristor, a second thyristor, a third thyristor, a voltage supporting capacitor, a current suppressing inductor, an inductance energy dissipation resistor, a balancing resistor, an inductance energy dissipation diode and a current limiting diode.
In the energy dissipation submodule, a first thyristor, a voltage supporting capacitor, a balance resistor and a current limiting diode are connected in series, wherein the cathode of the first thyristor is connected with the anode of the voltage supporting capacitor, the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor is connected with one end of the balance resistor, and the other end of the balance resistor is connected with the anode of the current limiting diode;
the anode of the second thyristor is connected with the anode of the first thyristor and the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor in parallel, wherein the anode of the second thyristor is connected with the anode of the first thyristor, and the cathode of the second thyristor is connected with the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor;
The anode of the third thyristor is connected with the anode of the voltage supporting capacitor, and the other end of the current suppressing inductor is connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode;
The inductive energy dissipation resistor is connected with the inductive energy dissipation diode in series, wherein one end of the inductive energy dissipation resistor is connected with the cathode of the inductive energy dissipation diode; the inductive energy dissipation resistor is connected with the inductive energy dissipation diode in series and then connected with the current suppression inductor in parallel, wherein one end of the inductive energy dissipation resistor, which is connected with the current suppression inductor, is connected with the cathode of the third thyristor, and the anode of the inductive energy dissipation diode is connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode;
The anode of the first thyristor is connected with the anode of the second thyristor to serve as a current inlet of the energy dissipation submodule, and one end of the anode of the inductance energy dissipation diode and one end of the current suppression inductance are connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode to serve as a current outlet of the energy dissipation submodule.
During system operation, the control system collects the dc side voltage and compares the actual dc side voltage with the nominal voltage. When the voltage of the direct current side is higher than the rated voltage, each energy dissipation submodule in the device is switched between an on state and an off state at the frequency of 2kHz, meanwhile, the duty ratio of the time of the on state in the overall time is adjusted according to the change of the direct current voltage in the system, when the deviation of the actual voltage of the direct current side and the rated voltage is increased, the duty ratio of the time of the on state in the overall time is increased, and when the deviation of the actual voltage of the direct current side and the rated voltage is reduced, the duty ratio of the time of the on state in the overall time is reduced, so that the on-demand adjustment of the energy dissipation power is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
Because the switching devices of the proposed energy dissipation device all adopt thyristors, the proposed structure has lower price and more economic advantage compared with the energy dissipation device adopting the full-control switching device IGBT with the same voltage level. The proposed energy dissipation device needs to be installed on a direct current bus in the system, can be arranged at the position of an onshore direct current outlet, avoids the erection of equipment platforms at sea, and reduces construction cost. The energy dissipation device can realize the required functions only by being put into operation in the operation process, does not need to be linked with other equipment in the system, and is convenient to implement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topology of a thyristor-based DC side energy dissipation device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a topology of an energy dissipating sub-module in a thyristor-based DC side energy dissipating device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a current flow diagram of the charge state of an energy dissipating sub-module in a thyristor-based DC side energy dissipating device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a current flow diagram of the on state of the energy dissipation sub-module in the thyristor-based DC side energy dissipation device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a current flow diagram of the off state of the energy dissipating sub-module in the thyristor-based DC side energy dissipating device of the present invention;
In the figure: 1. an energy dissipation module; 2. an energy dissipation resistance; 11. an energy dissipation sub-module; 111. a first thyristor; 112. a third thyristor; 113. a current suppressing inductance; 114. an inductive energy dissipation resistance; 115. an inductive energy dissipation diode 116, a current limiting diode; 117. balancing resistance; 118. a second thyristor; 119. the voltage supports the capacitor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The thyristor-based direct-current side energy dissipation device is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, and comprises an energy dissipation module 1 and an energy dissipation resistor 2, wherein the energy dissipation module 1 comprises a plurality of energy dissipation sub-modules 11. The input end of the energy dissipation module 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power transmission system direct current bus, the output end of the energy dissipation module 1 is connected to the energy dissipation resistor 2, and the other end of the energy dissipation resistor 2 is connected to the negative electrode of the power transmission system direct current bus.
The number of the energy dissipation sub-modules is determined by the withstand voltage level of the thyristor and the dc side voltage, and the number thereof increases with the increase of the dc side voltage and decreases with the increase of the withstand voltage level of the thyristor.
The energy dissipating sub-module 11 comprises a first thyristor 111, a second thyristor 118, a third thyristor 112, a voltage supporting capacitor 119, a current suppressing inductance 113, an inductive energy dissipating resistance 114, a balancing resistance 117, an inductive energy dissipating diode 115 and a current limiting diode 116. The function of this structure is to regulate the energy dissipation power of the energy dissipation resistor 2.
The energy dissipation submodule has three working states, namely a charging state, an on state and an off state. Meanwhile, the working states of all the energy dissipation sub-modules are consistent in the running process of the device.
Wherein the direction of current flow in the energy dissipating sub-module in the charged state is shown in fig. 3. The control system applies a turn-on signal to the first thyristor 111, a turn-off signal to the third thyristor 112, the second thyristor 118, the first thyristor 111 in the energy dissipating sub-module is turned on, and the third thyristor 112 and the second thyristor 118 are turned off. The current flows through the first thyristor 111, the voltage supporting capacitor 119, the balancing resistor 117 and the current limiting diode 116 in sequence, the voltage supporting capacitor 119 is charged, and after the voltage supporting capacitor 119 is full of energy, the voltage on the direct current side of the system is supported through the voltage supporting capacitor 119.
Wherein in the on state the direction of flow of current in the energy dissipating sub-module is shown in fig. 4. The control system applies on signals to the first thyristor 111, the third thyristor 112, applies off signals to the second thyristor 118, the first thyristor 111 and the third thyristor 112 in the energy dissipating sub-module are on, and the second thyristor 118 is off. Current flows through the first thyristor 111, the third thyristor 112, and the current suppressing inductor 113 in order, so that the energy dissipation resistor 2 in the device dissipates energy.
Wherein in the off state the direction of flow of current in the energy dissipating sub-module is shown in fig. 5. The control system applies on signals to the third thyristor 112, the second thyristor 118, applies off signals to the first thyristor 111, the third thyristor 112 and the second thyristor 118 in the energy dissipation sub-module are on, and the first thyristor 111 is off due to back pressure. Current flows through the second thyristor 118, the voltage supporting capacitor 119, the third thyristor 112, and the current suppressing inductor 113 in this order. While the current suppresses the energy dissipation of the residual energy in the inductor 113 through the inductor energy dissipation resistor 114 and the inductor energy dissipation diode 115.
During normal operation of the system, the control system collects the voltage on the direct current side and compares the actual voltage on the direct current side with the rated voltage. When the direct-current side voltage is lower than or equal to the rated voltage, the first thyristors 111 in the energy dissipation sub-modules in the device are always conducted, so that the energy dissipation sub-modules are always in a charged state and do not act, and the voltage support capacitor 119 supports the direct-current side voltage and does not dissipate energy.
When voltage drop faults occur on an alternating current side in a system, a PWM signal of 2kHz is applied to thyristors in each energy dissipation submodule in the device when the voltage on the direct current side is higher than rated voltage, so that the energy dissipation submodule is switched between a conducting state and a switching-off state, meanwhile, the duty ratio of each thyristor PWM signal is adjusted according to the change of the direct current voltage in the system, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is adjusted, when the deviation between the actual voltage on the direct current side and the rated voltage is increased, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is increased, so that the electric energy consumed by the energy dissipation resistor 2 in the unit time is increased, and when the deviation between the actual voltage on the direct current side and the rated voltage is reduced, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is reduced, so that the electric energy consumed by the energy dissipation resistor 2 in the unit time is reduced, and the purpose of adjusting the energy dissipation power according to the need is achieved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the technical solutions of the invention, and various modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The direct-current side energy dissipation device based on the thyristors is characterized by comprising an energy dissipation module (1) and an energy dissipation resistor (2), wherein the energy dissipation module (1) comprises a plurality of energy dissipation sub-modules (11), the input end of the energy dissipation module (1) is connected to the positive electrode of a direct-current bus of a power transmission system, the output end of the energy dissipation module (1) is connected to the energy dissipation resistor (2), the other end of the energy dissipation resistor (2) is connected to the negative electrode of the direct-current bus of the power transmission system, the energy dissipation sub-modules (11) comprise a first thyristor (111), a second thyristor (118), a third thyristor (112), a voltage supporting capacitor (119), a current suppressing inductor (113), an inductance energy dissipation resistor (114), a balancing resistor (117), an inductance energy dissipation diode (115) and a current limiting diode (116);
In the energy dissipation submodule, a first thyristor (111), a voltage supporting capacitor (119) and a balancing resistor (117) are connected in series with a current limiting diode (116), wherein the cathode of the first thyristor (111) is connected with the anode of the voltage supporting capacitor (119), the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor (119) is connected with one end of the balancing resistor (117), and the other end of the balancing resistor (117) is connected with the anode of the current limiting diode (116);
The second thyristor (118) is connected with the anode of the first thyristor (111) and the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor (119) in parallel, wherein the anode of the second thyristor (118) is connected with the anode of the first thyristor (111), and the cathode of the second thyristor (118) is connected with the cathode of the voltage supporting capacitor (119);
The third thyristor (112) is connected with the current suppressing inductor (113) in series, the cathode of the third thyristor (112) is connected with one end of the current suppressing inductor (113), the third thyristor (112) is connected with the voltage supporting capacitor (119), the balance resistor (117) and the current limiting diode (116) in parallel after being connected with the current suppressing inductor (113) in series, the anode of the third thyristor (112) is connected with the anode of the voltage supporting capacitor (119), and the other end of the current suppressing inductor (113) is connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode (116);
An inductive energy dissipation resistor (114) is connected in series with the inductive energy dissipation diode (115), wherein one end of the inductive energy dissipation resistor (114) is connected with the cathode of the inductive energy dissipation diode (115); an inductive energy dissipation resistor (114) is connected in series with an inductive energy dissipation diode (115) and then is connected in parallel with a current suppression inductor (113), wherein one end of the inductive energy dissipation resistor (114) connected with the current suppression inductor (113) is connected with the cathode of the third thyristor (112), and the anode of the inductive energy dissipation diode (115) is connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode (116);
The anode of the first thyristor (111) is connected with the anode of the second thyristor (118) and then serves as a current inlet of the energy dissipation sub-module (11), and one end of the anode of the inductance energy dissipation diode (115) and one end of the current suppression inductor (113) are connected with the cathode of the current limiting diode (116) and then serve as a current outlet of the energy dissipation sub-module (11).
2. A thyristor-based dc side energy dissipating arrangement according to claim 1, wherein several of said energy dissipating sub-modules (11) are connected in series, the current outlet of a preceding energy dissipating sub-module (11) being connected to the current inlet of a following energy dissipating sub-module (11).
3. A thyristor-based dc side energy dissipating arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the energy dissipating sub-module (11) comprises three operating states, a charging state, an on state and an off state, respectively; in the charging state, the first thyristor (111) is turned on, and the third thyristor (112) and the second thyristor (118) are turned off; in the conducting state, the first thyristor (111) is conducted and the third thyristor (112) is conducted, and the second thyristor (118) is turned off; in the off state, the first thyristor (111) is turned off, and the third thyristor (112) is turned on with the second thyristor (118).
4. A thyristor-based dc side energy dissipating arrangement according to claim 3, wherein during normal operation of the system, the control system collects the dc side voltage and compares the actual voltage on the dc side with the nominal voltage; when the direct-current side voltage is lower than or equal to the rated voltage, a first thyristor (111) in each energy dissipation submodule in the device is always conducted, so that each energy dissipation submodule always maintains a charging state and does not act, the voltage supporting capacitor (119) supports the direct-current side voltage, and energy dissipation is not carried out; when voltage drop faults occur on an alternating current side in a system, a PWM signal of 2kHz is applied to thyristors in all energy dissipation sub-modules in the device when the voltage on the direct current side is higher than rated voltage, so that all the energy dissipation sub-modules are synchronously switched between a conducting state and a switching-off state, meanwhile, the duty ratio of each thyristor PWM signal is adjusted according to the change of the direct current voltage in the system, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is adjusted, when the deviation of the actual voltage on the direct current side and the rated voltage is increased, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is increased, so that the electric energy consumed by an energy dissipation resistor (2) in unit time is increased, and when the deviation of the actual voltage on the direct current side and the rated voltage is reduced, the duty ratio of the time of the conducting state in the overall time is reduced, so that the electric energy consumed by the energy dissipation resistor (2) in unit time is reduced, and the purpose of the energy dissipation power is adjusted according to needs is achieved.
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| CN109546638A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-03-29 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of direct current energy-consuming device and control method |
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| FR1055096A (en) * | 1953-11-30 | 1954-02-16 | Asea Ab | Protective device for high voltage direct current transmissions |
| CN109586327B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-10-26 | 詹长江 | Energy consumption device and control method thereof |
| CN112054495A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-08 | 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 | Energy absorption circuit for direct current system and control method thereof |
| CN112886550B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-08-12 | 天津大学 | MMC flexible direct-current power grid self-adaptive fault clearing method based on source network coordination |
| CN115021560B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-09-20 | 华北电力大学 | Energy consumption power adjustable direct current energy consumption device and control method |
| CN115441739B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-04-26 | 东北林业大学 | DC energy consumption device based on offshore wind power generation and control method thereof |
| CN116014726B (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-26 | 华能(广东)能源开发有限公司 | Energy consumption device, flexible direct-current power transmission system and wind power generation system |
| CN116260134A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-06-13 | 华北电力大学 | DC energy consumption device based on thyristor-LC circuit and control method thereof |
| CN116054172A (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2023-05-02 | 华北电力大学 | Novel direct current energy consumption device adopting thyristors and control method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108879750A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-23 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 | A kind of fault processing system and its control method of Multi-end flexible direct current transmission route |
| CN109546638A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-03-29 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of direct current energy-consuming device and control method |
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