CN117724122B

CN117724122B - Multi-band GNSS receiver

Info

Publication number: CN117724122B
Application number: CN202410172142.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏禛怡; 张洪伦
Original assignee: Beijing Kaixin Micro Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Kaixin Micro Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-02-07
Filing date: 2024-02-07
Publication date: 2024-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 2044-02-07
Also published as: CN117724122A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of satellite navigation, and provides a multi-band GNSS receiver, wherein a radio frequency front end module of the multi-band GNSS receiver adopts a duplexer or a structure of cascade connection of the duplexers, each level of the diplexers can divide received GNSS signals according to different frequency bands and output the GNSS signals from two output ends respectively to form two radio frequency channels to process the GNSS signals of different frequency bands respectively, and filters aiming at different frequencies can be arranged at the output ends of the duplexers according to requirements, so that the problem of impedance mismatch of input and output ends is avoided. The radio frequency front-end module of the multi-band GNSS receiver can support multi-system multi-band GNSS signals and even full-system full-band GNSS signals, greatly reduces the power loss of output signals after signal splitting, improves the overall performance of the GNSS receiver, can split GNSS signals according to different frequency bands, reduces the working complexity of subsequent modules, has compact structure and high flexibility, saves cost and reduces power consumption.

Description

Multi-band GNSS receiver

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of satellite navigation, in particular to a multi-band global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, GNSS) receiver.

Background

The global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, GNSS) can provide all-weather, all-day and high-precision positioning, speed measuring and time service for global users.

The current global navigation satellite system mainly comprises: four global navigation satellite systems, two regional satellite navigation systems, and a plurality of satellite-based augmentation systems (SATELLITE BASED AUGMENTATION SYSTEM, SBAS).

The four global navigation satellite systems are respectively as follows: beidou satellite navigation system, GPS (Global Positioning System), GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation SATELLITE SYSTEM), and Galileo.

The two regional satellite navigation systems are respectively: the Quasi-Zenith satellite system of japan (Quasi-Zenith SATELLITE SYSTEM, QZSS), and the indian regional Navigation satellite system (Indian Regional Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, IRNSS), which is also called indian Constellation Navigation (NavIC).

A number of Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) have been established worldwide, for example: the FAA builds a GPS performance enhancement system according to navigation requirements: wide area augmentation system (Wide Area Augmentation System, WAAS), european geostationary navigation overlay service (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service, EGNOS) developed and built autonomously in europe, japan augmentation system based on multifunctional transport satellites (MTSat): multifunctional satellite augmentation systems (Multi-Functional Satellite Augmentation System, MSAS).

The above systems form the multi-system, multi-frequency-band and starfish pattern of the current global navigation satellite system. The design of GNSS receivers, and in particular the design of radio frequency front-end modules, is greatly challenged by the multitude of different frequency bands of GNSS signals.

The radio frequency front-end module of the existing multi-band GNSS receiver is usually composed of a power divider and an acoustic surface filter, so that the receiving of the multi-band GNSS signals is realized. A power divider is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more paths of equal or unequal energy outputs. The power divider adopted by the existing GNSS receiver generally equally divides the energy of one path of input signal, and considers the insertion loss of the power divider, each path of output signal has larger (for example, a few dB) energy attenuation compared with the input signal, and the energy attenuation further influences the working performance of the subsequent modules of the GNSS receiver.

In addition, even if the energy attenuation caused by the power divider is ignored, the design of the rf front-end module of the multi-band GNSS receiver in the market at present is very rarely capable of supporting the GNSS signals of all the systems and all the bands. The individual receivers capable of receiving the full-system full-band GNSS signals also have the problems of complicated design, high production cost and high power consumption of the radio frequency front end module.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the application provides a multi-band GNSS receiver, which comprises: an antenna module including a first active antenna; a radio frequency front end module comprising a type one diplexer, a first port of the type one diplexer coupled to the first active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the one-type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in an MF/MFH frequency band in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the one-type duplexer respectively; the radio frequency signal processing module is coupled with the radio frequency front end module and is configured to receive GNSS signals output by the radio frequency front end module; the GNSS baseband signal processing module is coupled with the radio frequency signal processing module; and a central processor module coupled with the GNSS baseband signal processing module; the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the one-type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the one-type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range.

In general, the multi-band GNSS receiver provided by the application has the following advantages:

(1) The radio frequency front-end module can support GNSS signals of multiple systems and multiple frequency bands, even full systems and full frequency bands;

(2) The antenna module supports the configuration of a single antenna or a double antenna;

(3) According to the GNSS signal frequency band occupation characteristics, a duplexer is introduced, so that the power loss of an output signal after signal branching is greatly reduced, meanwhile, GNSS signals can be branched according to different frequency bands at a radio frequency front-end module, and the working complexity of a subsequent module is reduced;

(4) The market maturation device is adopted, so that the design and production cost is saved;

(5) The radio frequency front end module has compact structure, high flexibility, cost saving and power consumption reduction;

(6) The power divider is reduced, and when the power divider is required to be used, the filter is prevented from being connected to the output end of the power divider, the number of the filters is reduced, the performance is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the frequency band occupation of a GNSS signal in a Low Frequency (LF) band;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the frequency band occupation of an intermediate frequency (MF) band GNSS signal;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the High Frequency (HF) band GNSS signal band occupation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a GNSS receiver;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna dual radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna dual radio channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application; and

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments of the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the different views. Various specific embodiments of the application are described in sufficient detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings of the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized or structural, logical, or electrical changes may be made to embodiments of the present application.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. For the purpose of illustration only, the connection between elements in the figures is meant to indicate that at least the elements at both ends of the connection are in communication with each other and is not intended to limit the inability to communicate between elements that are not connected. In addition, the number of lines between two units is intended to indicate at least the number of signals involved in communication between the two units or at least the output terminals provided, and is not intended to limit the communication between the two units to only signals as shown in the figures.

Table 1 lists the system and GNSS signals that are common in current global navigation positioning systems.

TABLE 1

System and method for controlling a system	Signal signal
		Beidou satellite navigation system	B2a/B2b/B2I/B3I/B1I/B1C/S1/S2C
GPS	L5/L2C/L1CA/L1C
		GLONASS	G1/G2
Galileo	E5a/E5b/E6/E1
		QZSS	L5/L6/L1CA/L1C/L1S
NavIC	L5（I）/SPS-L1/S（I）
		SBAS	L1CA
Maritime satellite and the like	LBAND

The S frequency band signal of the NavIC system is marked as S (I) so as to be distinguished from the S frequency band signal of the Beidou satellite navigation system; the L5 band signal of NavIC system is labeled L5 (I) to distinguish from the L5 band signal of GPS and QZSS systems; navIC occupy the same frequency band as the L1C band and B1C band signals shown in FIG. 2, and are not shown in FIG. 2.

Fig. 1 to 3 show the frequency bands occupied by the GNSS signals listed in table 1. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GNSS signal frequency band occupation in a Low Frequency (LF) region; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the frequency band occupation of GNSS signals in the intermediate frequency (MF) region; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the occupation of frequency bands of High Frequency (HF) GNSS signals.

As can be seen from fig. 1 and 3, the center frequency points of the GNSS signals listed in table 1 range from the lowest 1176.450MHz (i.e., the center frequency points of the L5 (I) band signal, the L5 band signal, the E5a band signal, and the B2a band signal shown in fig. 1) to the highest 2492.028MHz (i.e., the center frequency points of the three band signals shown in fig. 3). Considering the bandwidth of the signals, it can be seen from fig. 1 and 3 that the maximum frequency range of the GNSS signals listed in table 1 is 1166.220MHz to 2499.910MHz, which is the maximum frequency range that needs to be considered by the rf front-end module of the multi-band GNSS receiver.

As can be seen from fig. 1 to 3, the signals listed in table 1 are mainly distributed in three regions within the maximum frequency range, which are respectively marked as Low Frequency (LF) band, intermediate frequency (MF) band, high Frequency (HF) band.

As shown in fig. 1, the frequency range of the LF band is 1166.220MHz to 1283.865MHz, that is: f _LF,min＝1166.220MHz,f_LF,max = 1283.865MHz. The LF band may be further subdivided into a low frequency region of the LF band (labeled LFL) and a high frequency region of the LF band (labeled LFH).

As shown in fig. 2, the MF frequency range is 1530.000MHz to 1605.886MHz, that is: f _MF,min＝1530.000MHz,f_MF,max = 1605.886MHz. The region of the MF band excluding LBAND band may be further subdivided into a high-frequency region of the MF band, denoted MFH, where the frequency range of the MFH band is 1559.052MHz to 1605.886MHz, i.e.: f _MFH,min＝1559.052MHz,f_MFH,max = 1605.886MHz.

As shown in fig. 3, the frequency range of the HF band is 2483.590MHz to 2499.910MHz, that is: f _HF,min＝2483.590MHz,f_HF,max = 2499.910MHz.

Fig. 4 is a basic structure diagram of a GNSS receiver. As shown, a GNSS receiver generally includes an antenna module configured to receive free-space radio frequency signals, i.e., GNSS signals of different frequency bands.

GNSS receivers typically include a radio frequency front end module coupled to an antenna module configured to amplify, filter, etc., the radio frequency signals.

The GNSS receiver generally includes a radio frequency signal processing module coupled to the radio frequency front end module and configured to down-convert the radio frequency signal to generate a low intermediate frequency or zero intermediate frequency analog signal, which is then output to a subsequent module for processing. The radio frequency signal processing module may also include an ADC sampling module (not shown) that converts the generated low intermediate frequency or zero intermediate frequency analog signal to a baseband digital sampling signal and outputs the baseband digital sampling signal to a subsequent module for processing.

The GNSS receiver generally includes a GNSS baseband signal processing module coupled to a radio frequency signal processing module and configured to receive GNSS signals (i.e., radio frequency signals processed by the radio frequency front end module and the radio frequency signal processing module respectively) and process the GNSS signals, including capturing, tracking, demodulating a message, and the like of the GNSS signals. If the signal received from the radio frequency signal processing module is an analog signal, the GNSS baseband signal processing module may further include an ADC sampling module (not shown) for sampling the analog signal.

The GNSS receiver generally further includes a central processor module coupled to the GNSS baseband signal processing module, where the central processor module is a control core of the GNSS receiver and is configured to schedule and configure the GNSS signal processing module, and to perform positioning, speed measurement and time service processing according to the observed quantity reported by the GNSS baseband signal processing module.

In practical applications, according to different requirements, a GNSS baseband chip may be formed by a GNSS baseband signal processing module and a central processor module, or a GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip may be formed by a radio frequency signal processing module, a GNSS baseband signal processing module and a central processor module, and the antenna module and the radio frequency front end module are usually disposed outside the chip.

The radio frequency front end module needs to be designed according to the functions of the subsequent module/chip in the GNSS receiver, and the reasonable radio frequency front end design can reduce signal loss, reduce performance loss and ensure the normal operation of the subsequent module/chip.

The application provides a multi-band GNSS receiver, wherein a radio frequency front-end module can support most or even all of the GNSS signals in each frequency band, and meanwhile, the energy attenuation caused by using a power divider of the existing multi-band GNSS receiver can be reduced to the maximum extent, and GNSS signals can be split according to different frequency bands at the radio frequency front-end module, so that the working complexity of a subsequent module is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the three frequency bands of LF, MF and HF all have larger frequency intervals, and based on the characteristic, the present application replaces the power divider with a duplexer.

The diplexer may be a device comprising three ports, one port being connected to an antenna and the other two ports being connected to a transceiver device, the reception of signals in one frequency band and the transmission of signals in another frequency band being achieved by using one antenna, and the transmission and reception frequency bands being isolated. The two ports of the duplexer connected with the transceiver device can also be used as transmitting ports or receiving ports of two signals with different frequency bands at the same time.

Based on the characteristics of the duplexer, the radio frequency front-end module of the multi-band GNSS receiver introduces the duplexer, uses two receiving and transmitting ports of the duplexer as receiving ports of satellite navigation signals in two different frequency bands, divides GNSS signals received from the antenna module into two according to the frequency bands, and outputs signals in each frequency band after the GNSS signals are divided into two, wherein the power spectral density of the signals in each frequency band is basically unchanged compared with that of the signals received from the antenna module, and the power spectral density of the signals in each frequency band is only small in insertion loss (less than 0.5 dB).

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna dual radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5 may include an antenna module 110, where the antenna module 110 may include an active antenna 111 configured to receive radio frequency signals in free space, i.e. GNSS signals of different frequency bands.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 100 shown in FIG. 5 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 120, and the radio frequency front-end module 120 may comprise an A-type diplexer 121.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 100 shown in FIG. 5 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 130, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 140, and a central processor module 150. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150, and it is also possible to compose the GNSS RF baseband integrated chip (not shown) from the RF signal processing module 130, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 121 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 111 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 121 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 111, output GNSS signals in the LF band from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND-band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 121 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 111, output GNSS signals in the LF band from the low-frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MFH band from the high-frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the typical value of the maximum insertion loss of the signal output by the low frequency output end of the a-type duplexer at the frequency point 1298.75MHz is 0.81dB, and f _LF,max (1283.865 MHz) < 1298.75MHz, so the insertion loss of the LF-band GNSS signal output from the low frequency output end is smaller.

According to one embodiment, the maximum insertion loss of the signal output by the high frequency output end of the a-type duplexer is typically 0.81dB at the frequency point 1525.000MHz, and f _MF,min（1530.000MHz）＞1525.000MHz、f_MFH,min (1559.052 MHz) > 1525.000MHz, so that the insertion loss of the MF or MFH band GNSS signal output by the high frequency output end is smaller.

As can be seen from fig. 1 and fig. 2, the frequency points 1298.75MHz and 1525.000MHz are both in the interval region between the LF band and the MF/MFH band, and the GNSS receiver generally does not consider receiving signals in this frequency range, so that the a-type diplexer is used to split and split signals in the interval frequency range between the LF band and the MF/MFH band, so that the GNSS signals are not affected, and the suppression effect is also achieved on the high-frequency noise of the LF band and the low-frequency noise of the MF/MFH band, and meanwhile, the energy loss after the signal splitting is greatly reduced. Compared with a power divider, the A-type duplexer enables GNSS signals to be split according to LF frequency bands and MF/MFH frequency bands when the GNSS signals are output from the radio frequency front-end module, and the working complexity of subsequent modules is reduced.

In summary, FIG. 5 illustrates a GNSS receiver 100 that forms two radio frequency channels for processing GNSS signals in the LF and MF (or MFH) bands, respectively, received from a single active antenna.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 2, the rf front-end module 120 of the GNSS receiver 100 can support multi-system and multi-band GNSS signals, including:

B2a, B2B and B2I, B, 3, I, B, 1 and I, B C frequency band signals of the Beidou satellite navigation system;

L5, L2C, L CA, L1C frequency band signals of GPS;

G1, G2 band signals of GLONASS;

e5a, E5b, E6, E1 frequency band signals of Galileo;

L5, L6, L1CA, L1C, L S frequency band signals of QZSS;

NavIC (I), L1 band signals;

L1 band signal of SBAS;

And/or LBAND band signals of marine satellites.

The set value of the local oscillation frequency f _LF,LO of the rf channel outputting the LF band signal by the a-type duplexer 121 is taken between f _LF,min (1166.220 MHz) and f _LF,max (1283.865 MHz), and in order to reduce the ADC sampling rate, the set value is generally taken near the middle of the frequency band of the signal outputted by the rf channel, that is:

Similarly, the setting value of the local oscillation frequency f _MF,LO of the radio frequency channel of the signal output by the a-type duplexer 121 in the MF frequency band is also about the middle of f _MF,min (1530.000 MHz) and f _MF,max (1605.886 MHz), namely:

if the GNSS receiver 100 does not consider receiving LBAND band signals, the high-frequency output end of the a-type duplexer 121 outputs only MFH band signals, and the set value of the local oscillation frequency f _MFH,LO of the radio frequency channel outputting the MFH band signals is also taken near the middle between f _MFH,min (1559.052 MHz) and f _MFH,max (1605.886 MHz) of the MFH band, namely:

The ADC sampling frequency f _ADC of the GNSS receiver 100 needs to satisfy:

Or when receiving LBAND band signals is not considered, the ADC sampling frequency f _ADC of the GNSS receiver 100 needs to satisfy:

it should be noted that, the frequency ranges of the LF and MF (or MFH) frequency bands are considered to be the minimum frequency range corresponding to the frequency band, and in practical applications, a larger frequency range may be taken on the basis of the frequency ranges.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna dual radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in fig. 6 may include an antenna module 110, and the antenna module 110 may include an active antenna 111.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in FIG. 6 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 1201, and the radio frequency front-end module 1201 may comprise an A-type diplexer 121.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in FIG. 6 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 130, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 140, and a central processor module 150. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150, and it is also possible to compose the GNSS RF baseband integrated chip (not shown) from the RF signal processing module 130, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150.

According to an embodiment, the working principles of the antenna module 110, the a-type diplexer 121, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in fig. 6 are the same as the working principles of the antenna module 110, the a-type diplexer 121, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5, and are not repeated here.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 1201 shown in fig. 6 may further include the LF band filter 122. The LF band filter 122 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 121 and the rf signal processing module 130, and configured to filter the LF band signal output from the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 121, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components induced by device nonlinearity.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 1201 illustrated in fig. 6 may further include an MF (or MFH) band filter 123. The MF (or MFH) band filter 123 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 121 and the rf signal processing module 130, and configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signal output from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 121 to suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

To sum up, fig. 6 shows a GNSS receiver 1001, where two radio frequency channels are formed to process GNSS signals in LF and MF (or MFH) frequency bands received from a single active antenna, respectively, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF frequency band and the MF/MFH frequency band at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; meanwhile, the radio frequency front-end module 1201 of the GNSS receiver 1001 adopts filters for LF (frequency) frequency bands and MF (or MFH) frequency bands respectively, so that noise of GNSS signals of corresponding frequency bands is effectively suppressed.

Meanwhile, the rf front-end module 1201 of the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in fig. 6 adopts a structure in which a filter is disposed at the output end of the a-type duplexer, so that the structure in which a filter is disposed at the output end of the power divider in the conventional GNSS receiver is avoided. In order to suppress noise of output signals of each radio frequency channel, a filter can only be arranged at an output end of the power divider, but in this way, impedance mismatch of an input end and an output end of the power divider can be caused, and an unknown problem is introduced. In contrast, in the radio frequency front end module of the GNSS receiver of the present application, for example, the radio frequency front end module 1201 shown in fig. 6, the LF band and the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals are split and output by the a-type duplexer, so that the filters for different bands can be disposed at the output end of the a-type duplexer, thereby avoiding the disposition of the filters at the output end of the power divider, and improving the quality of the signals output from the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 2, the GNSS system and signals that can be supported by the rf front-end module 1201 of the GNSS receiver 1001 are the same as the GNSS system and signals that can be supported by the rf front-end module 120 of the GNSS receiver 100, and will not be described herein.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to an embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in FIG. 7 may comprise an antenna module 110, and the antenna module 110 may comprise an active antenna 111.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in FIG. 7 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 1202, and the radio frequency front-end module 1202 may comprise an A-type diplexer 121.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 1202 of the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in FIG. 7 may further include the LF band filter 122, and the MF (or MFH) band filter 123.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in FIG. 7 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 130, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 140, and a central processor module 150. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150, and it is also possible to compose the GNSS RF baseband integrated chip (not shown) from the RF signal processing module 130, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140 and the central processor module 150.

According to one embodiment, the working principles of the antenna module 110, the a-type diplexer 121, the MF (or MFH) band filter 123, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in fig. 7 are the same as the working principles of the antenna module 110, the a-type diplexer 121, the MF (or MFH) band filter 123, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in fig. 6, and the radio frequency front end module 1201, and are not repeated herein.

As can be seen from the description of the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5 and the GNSS receiver 1001 shown in fig. 6, the minimum sampling frequency of the ADC is about 120mhz due to the wider frequency range corresponding to the LF band, so that the operation amount of the GNSS signal baseband processing module is also increased, and a higher operation speed is required to complete the processing of all GNSS signals.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the LF band is further subdivided into a low frequency region of the LF band (labeled as LFL band) and a high frequency region of the LF band (labeled as LFH band), and the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band are processed by two radio frequency channels, respectively.

The frequency range of the LFL frequency band satisfies: f _LFL,min＝1166.220MHz,f_LFL,max is larger than or equal to 1225.0425MHz (namely the center frequency point of the LF frequency band).

The frequency range of the LFH band satisfies: f _LFH,min≤1225.0425MHz,f_LFH,max = 1283.865MHz.

The values of f _LFL,max and f _LFH,min are not fixed single frequency points, and mainly have two reasons: 1. the frequency band of the L2C signal is positioned in the middle of the LF frequency band, and at least one frequency band in the LFL frequency band or the LFH frequency band is required to contain the frequency band of the L2C signal; 2. the local oscillator frequency of the radio frequency channel may not be in the middle of the LF band.

The local oscillation frequency f _LFL,LO of the radio frequency channel for processing the LFL frequency band GNSS signals meets the following conditions:

or if the radio frequency channel for processing the LFL frequency band GNSS signals does not consider receiving the L2C frequency band signals, the local oscillation frequency f _LFL,LO of the radio frequency channel meets the following conditions:

The local oscillation frequency f _LFH,LO of the radio frequency channel for processing the LFH frequency band GNSS signals meets the following conditions:

Or if the radio frequency channel processing the LFH GNSS signals does not take into account the reception of the L2C band signals

Its local oscillator frequency flf H LO satisfies:

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 1202 shown in fig. 7 may further include a power divider 124 coupled between the LF band filter 122 and the rf signal processing module 130. The power divider 124 is configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signal received from the LF band filter 122 equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, where the GNSS signal output from each radio frequency channel includes the LFL and the LFH band GNSS signal, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 130 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 140, can process the LFL or the LFH band GNSS signal in the two radio frequency channels respectively.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 122 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 121 and the power divider 124 and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 121, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to other embodiments, the power divider 124 shown in fig. 7 may be replaced by a B-type duplexer (not shown), where the B-type duplexer may divide and signal-split the LF band signal received from the LF band filter 122 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signal is included in the LFL band) and the LFH band in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290MHz, see fig. 1) spaced between the L2C band signal and the G2 band signal, output the GNSS signal of the LFL band from the low frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 130, and output the GNSS signal of the LFH band from the high frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 130, so as to form two radio frequency channels.

To sum up, fig. 7 shows a GNSS receiver 1002, where three radio frequency channels are formed to respectively process the GNSS signals in LFL, LFH and MF (or MFH) frequency bands received from a single active antenna, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF frequency band and MF/MFH frequency band (or LFL frequency band, LFH frequency band and MF/MFH frequency band) at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; the GNSS receiver 1002 radio frequency front-end module 1202 further employs filters for two frequency bands, respectively LF and MF (or MFH), to effectively suppress noise of GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 1202 of the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in fig. 7 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider in the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the signal output from the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 1202 of the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in fig. 7 may include only an a-type duplexer and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), and no filter is provided, and may enable the GNSS receiver 1002 to form three rf channels to respectively process the LFL, LFH, and MF (or MFH) frequency bands of GNSS signals received from a single active antenna.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 2, the rf front-end module 1202 of the GNSS receiver 1002 can support the same GNSS systems and signals as the rf front-end module 120 of the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5, and will not be described again here.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 200 shown in FIG. 8 may comprise an antenna module 210, and the antenna module 210 may comprise an active antenna 211.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 200 shown in FIG. 8 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 220, and the radio frequency front-end module 220 may comprise a C-type diplexer 225 and an A-type diplexer 221.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 200 shown in FIG. 8 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 230, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 240, and a central processor module 250. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 240 and the central processor module 250, and it is also possible to compose the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) from the radio frequency signal processing module 230, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 240 and the central processor module 250.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 225 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 211 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 225 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 211, output GNSS signals in LF and MF frequency bands from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in HF frequency band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 225 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 211, output the LF and MFH band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the maximum insertion loss of the signal output by the low frequency output end of the C-type duplexer is typically 0.67dB at the frequency point 1990.000MHz, and f _MF,max and f _MFH,max (1605.886 MHz) are both smaller than 1990.000MHz, so that the insertion loss of the LF and MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals output from the low frequency output end is smaller.

According to one embodiment, the maximum insertion loss of the signal output by the high frequency output end of the C-type duplexer is typically 0.54dB at the frequency point 2400.000MHz, and f _HF,min (2483.590 MHz) > 2400.000MHz, so that the insertion loss of the HF-band GNSS signal output by the high frequency output end is smaller.

As can be seen from fig. 2 and fig. 3, the frequency points 1990.000MHz and 2400.000MHz are both in the interval region between the MF (or MFH) frequency band and the HF frequency band, and the GNSS receiver generally does not consider receiving signals in this frequency range, so that the C-type diplexer is used to split and split signals in the interval frequency range between the MF (or MFH) frequency band and the HF frequency band, so that the GNSS signals are not affected, and the suppression effect is also achieved on the high-frequency noise of the MF (or MFH) frequency band and the low-frequency noise of the HF frequency band, and meanwhile, the energy loss after the signal splitting is greatly reduced. Compared with a power divider, the C-type duplexer enables GNSS signals to be split according to an MF (or MFH) frequency band and an HF frequency band when the GNSS signals are output from the radio frequency front-end module, and the working complexity of a subsequent module is reduced.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 221 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer, and the other two ports are their own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 221 is configured to receive the LF and MF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output terminal of the C-type diplexer, output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output terminal thereof, and output the MF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output terminal thereof, thereby forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND-band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 221 is configured to receive LF and MFH-band GNSS signals from the low-frequency output terminal of the C-type diplexer, output the LF-band GNSS signals from the low-frequency output terminal thereof, and output the MFH-band GNSS signals from the high-frequency output terminal thereof, thereby forming two radio frequency channels.

The principle of the a-type diplexer 221 for splitting the received GNSS signals in the LF and MF (or MFH) frequency bands is similar to the a-type diplexer 121 shown in fig. 5 to 7, and will not be described again.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 220 shown in fig. 8 may further include an LF band filter 222. The LF band filter 222 is an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 221 and the rf signal processing module 230, and is configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 221, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearity.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 220 shown in fig. 8 may further include an MF (or MFH) band filter 223. The MF (or MFH) band filter 223 is an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 221 and the rf signal processing module 230, and is configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals output from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 221, and suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 220 shown in fig. 8 may also include an HF band filter 226. The HF band filter 226 is an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 225 and the rf signal processing module 230, and is configured to filter the HF band GNSS signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 225, and suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

In summary, fig. 8 shows a GNSS receiver 200, where three radio frequency channels are formed to respectively process the GNSS signals in the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF bands at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; meanwhile, the radio frequency front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 adopts filters for LF, MF (or MFH) and HF frequency bands respectively to inhibit noise of GNSS signals of corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider in the existing GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the output signal of the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8 may include only a C-type duplexer and an a-type duplexer, and no filter is provided, and the GNSS receiver 200 may also be caused to form three rf channels to respectively process the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from a single active antenna.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 can support GNSS signals in full system and full frequency band, including:

b2a, B2B, B2I, B, 3I, B, I, B, C, S, S2C frequency band signals of the beidou satellite navigation system;

L5, L2C, L CA, L1C frequency band signals of GPS;

G1, G2 band signals of GLONASS;

e5a, E5b, E6, E1 frequency band signals of Galileo;

L5, L6, L1CA, L1C, L S frequency band signals of QZSS;

NavIC L5 (I), L1, S (I) band signals;

L1 band signal of SBAS;

And/or LBAND band signals of marine satellites.

The local oscillation frequency f _HF,LO of the rf channel outputting the HF band signal by the C-type duplexer 225 is set between f _HF,min (2483.590 MHz) and f _HF,max (2499.910 MHz), and is generally set near the middle of the frequency band of the signal outputted by the rf channel, i.e.:

The bandwidth of the HF band is:

the bandwidth of the MF frequency band is:

the bandwidth of the MFH band is:

the bandwidth of the LF frequency band is:

It follows that the bandwidth of the HF band is smaller than the bandwidth of the LF and MF (or MFH) bands, and thus the ADC sampling frequency f _ADC is mainly limited by the bandwidths of the LF and MF (or MFH) bands, and the setting range of f _HF,LO may be flexible as long as the final ADC sampling signal can contain the HF band.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in FIG. 9 may include an antenna module 210, and the antenna module 210 may include an active antenna 211.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in FIG. 9 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 2201, and the radio frequency front-end module 2201 may comprise a C-type diplexer 225 and an A-type diplexer 221.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 2201 of the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in fig. 9 may further include an LF band filter 222, an MF (or MFH) band filter 223, and an HF band filter 226.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in FIG. 9 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 230, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 240, and a central processor module 250. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 240 and the central processor module 250, and it is also possible to compose the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) from the radio frequency signal processing module 230, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 240 and the central processor module 250.

According to one embodiment, the operation principle of the antenna module 210, the C-type duplexer 225, the a-type duplexer 221, the MF (or MFH) band filter 223, the HF band filter 226, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in fig. 9 is the same as that of the antenna module 210, the C-type duplexer 225, the a-type duplexer 221, the MF (or MFH) band filter 223, the HF band filter 226, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8, and is not repeated herein.

Similar to the GNSS receiver 1002 shown in FIG. 7, in order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in FIG. 9 further subdivides the LF band into LFL band and LFH band, and processes GNSS signals of the LFL band and LFH band respectively through two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 2201 shown in fig. 9 may further include a power divider 224 coupled between the LF band filter 222 and the rf signal processing module 230. The power divider 224 is configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signal received from the LF band filter 222 equally to form two radio frequency channels for outputting, where the GNSS signal output from each radio frequency channel includes the LFL and the LFH band GNSS signal, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 230 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 240, can process the LFL or the LFH band GNSS signal in the two radio frequency channels respectively.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 221 and the power divider 224 and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 221, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to other embodiments, the power divider 224 shown in fig. 9 may be replaced by a B-type duplexer (not shown), where the B-type duplexer may divide and signal-split the LF band signal received from the LF band filter 222 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signal is included in the LFL band) and the LFH band in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290MHz, see fig. 1) spaced between the L2C band signal and the G2 band signal, output the GNSS signal of the LFL band from the low frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 230, and output the GNSS signal of the LFH band from the high frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 230, so as to form two radio frequency channels.

To sum up, fig. 9 shows a GNSS receiver 2001, which forms four radio frequency channels to respectively process GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, and can split the GNSS signals according to the LF band, the MF/MFH band and the HF band (or LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band and HF band) at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; the rf front-end module 2201 of the GNSS receiver 2001 further employs filters for three frequency bands of LF, MF (or MFH) and HF, so as to effectively suppress noise of GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 2201 of the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in fig. 9 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider in the existing GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the signal output from the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 2201 of the GNSS receiver 2001 shown in fig. 9 may include only a C-type duplexer, an a-type duplexer, and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), and no filter is provided, and the GNSS receiver 2001 may also be made to form four rf channels to process the GNSS signals in the LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 2201 of the GNSS receiver 2001 can support GNSS signals in full system and full frequency band, and the supported GNSS systems and signals are the same as the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8, which is not described herein.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna three radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 300 shown in FIG. 10 may comprise an antenna module 310, and the antenna module 310 may comprise an active antenna 311.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 300 shown in FIG. 10 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 320, and the radio frequency front-end module 320 may comprise an A-type duplexer 321 and a C-type duplexer 325.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 300 shown in FIG. 10 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 330, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 340, and a central processor module 350. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 340 and the central processor module 350, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 330, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 340 and the central processor module 350.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 321 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 311 and the other two ports are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type duplexer 321 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 311, output GNSS signals in the LF band from a low frequency output terminal, and output GNSS signals in the MF and HF bands from a high frequency output terminal, so as to form two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND-band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 321 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 311, output the GNSS signals in the LF band from the low-frequency output terminal, and output the GNSS signals in the MFH and HF bands from the high-frequency output terminal, forming two radio frequency channels.

The principle of the a-type diplexer 321 for splitting the received GNSS signals in the LF and MF (or MFH) and HF bands is similar to that of the a-type diplexer 121 in fig. 5 to 7, and will not be described again here.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 325 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 321 and the other two of which are its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 325 is configured to receive the GNSS signals of the MF and HF bands from the high frequency output terminal of the a-type diplexer, output the GNSS signals of the MF band from the low frequency output terminal thereof, and output the GNSS signals of the HF band from the high frequency output terminal thereof, thereby forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 325 is configured to receive MFH and HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 321, output MFH band GNSS signals from the low frequency output thereof, and HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output thereof, forming two radio frequency channels.

The principle of the C-type diplexer 325 splitting the received MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals is similar to that of the C-type diplexer 225 of fig. 8 and 9, and will not be repeated here.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 320 shown in fig. 10 may further include an LF band filter 322. The LF band filter 322 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 321 and the rf signal processing module 330, and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 321, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearity.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 320 shown in fig. 10 may further include an MF (or MFH) band filter 323. The MF (or MFH) band filter 323 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 325 and the rf signal processing module 330 and configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals output by the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 325 to suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 320 shown in fig. 10 may also include an HF band filter 226. The HF band filter 226 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 325 and the rf signal processing module 330 and configured to filter the HF band GNSS signals output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 325 to suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

In summary, fig. 10 shows a GNSS receiver 300, where three rf channels are formed to process the GNSS signals in the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, respectively, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF band, MF/MFH band and HF band at the rf front-end module, so as to greatly reduce the energy loss after the signal splitting; the GNSS receiver 300 radio frequency front-end module 320 also employs filters for the three frequency bands LF, MF (or MFH) and HF to effectively suppress noise of the GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 320 of the GNSS receiver 300 shown in fig. 10 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider in the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the output signal of the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 320 of the GNSS receiver 300 shown in fig. 10 may include only an a-type duplexer and a C-type duplexer, without a filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 300 to form three rf channels to process the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from a single active antenna, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module of the GNSS receiver 300 can support GNSS signals in a full system and a full frequency band, and the supported GNSS systems and signals are the same as the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8, which are not described herein.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a single antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to an embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in FIG. 11 may comprise an antenna module 310, and the antenna module 310 may comprise an active antenna 311.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in FIG. 11 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 3201, and the radio frequency front-end module 3201 may comprise an A-type duplexer 321 and a C-type duplexer 325.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 3201 of the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in fig. 11 may further include an LF band filter 322, an MF (or MFH) band filter 323, and an HF band filter 326.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in FIG. 11 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 330, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 340, and a central processor module 350. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 340 and the central processor module 350, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 330, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 340 and the central processor module 350.

According to one embodiment, the operation principle of the antenna module 310 in the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in fig. 11, the a-type duplexer 321, the C-type duplexer 325, the MF (or MFH) band filter 323, the HF band filter 326, and other subsequent modules/chips in the radio frequency front end module 3201 is the same as that of the antenna module 310 in the GNSS receiver 300 shown in fig. 10, the a-type duplexer 321, the C-type duplexer 325, the MF (or MFH) band filter 323, the HF band filter 326, and other subsequent modules/chips in the radio frequency front end module 320, which are not repeated herein.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 3201 shown in fig. 11 further subdivides the LF band into an LFL band and an LFH band, and processes the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band through two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 3201 shown in fig. 11 may further include a power divider 324 coupled between the LF band filter 322 and the rf signal processing module 330. The power divider 324 is configured to divide the received LF band GNSS signal energy from the LF band filter 322 equally into two radio frequency channels for output, where the GNSS signal output from each radio frequency channel includes the LFL and the LFH band GNSS signals, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 330 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 340, can process the LFL or the LFH band GNSS signals in the two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 322 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 321 and the power divider 324 and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 321 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to other embodiments, the power divider 324 shown in fig. 11 may be replaced by a B-type duplexer (not shown), where the B-type duplexer may divide and signal-split the LF band signal received from the LF band filter 322 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signal is included in the LFL band) and the LFH band in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290MHz, see fig. 1) spaced between the L2C band signal and the G2 band signal, output the GNSS signal of the LFL band from the low frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 330, and output the GNSS signal of the LFH band from the high frequency output to the radio frequency signal processing module 330, so as to form two radio frequency channels.

In summary, fig. 11 shows a GNSS receiver 3001, forming four radio frequency channels to process GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, respectively, and splitting the GNSS signals according to the LF band, the MF/MFH band, and the HF band (or LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band, and HF band) at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after splitting the signals; the GNSS receiver 3001 radio frequency front-end module 3201 further employs filters for three frequency bands of LF, MF (or MFH) and HF, so as to effectively suppress noise of GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 3201 of the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in fig. 11 only sets a filter at the output end of the duplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider of the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the signal output from the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 3201 of the GNSS receiver 3001 shown in fig. 11 may include only an a-type duplexer, a C-type duplexer, and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), and no filter is provided, and the GNSS receiver 3001 may also be caused to form four rf channels to process GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from a single active antenna, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 3201 of the GNSS receiver 3001 can support GNSS signals in full system and full frequency band, and the supported GNSS systems and signals are the same as the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8, which are not described herein.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna four radio frequency channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12 may include an antenna module 410, where the antenna module 410 may include an active antenna 411 and an active antenna 412, where the two active antennas are configured to receive free-space radio frequency signals, i.e., GNSS signals of respective frequency bands, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 400 shown in FIG. 12 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 420, and the radio frequency front-end module 420 may comprise an A-type duplexer 4211 and an A-type duplexer 4212.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 420 of the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12 may further include LF band filters 4221 and 4222, and MF (or MFH) band filters 4231 and MF (or MFH) band filters 4232.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 400 shown in FIG. 12 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 430, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 440, and a central processor module 450. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440 and the central processor module 450, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 430, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440 and the central processor module 450.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 4211 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 411 and the other two ports are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type duplexer 4211 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 411, output GNSS signals in the LF band from a low frequency output terminal, and output GNSS signals in the MF band from a high frequency output terminal, forming two radio frequency channels. According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 4211 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 411, output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the MFH band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 4212 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 412 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 4212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 412, output GNSS signals in the LF band from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 4212 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 412, output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the MFH band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 4221 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 4211 and the rf signal processing module 430, configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 4211, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 4222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212 and the rf signal processing module 430, configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 4231 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4211 and the radio frequency signal processing module 430, configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4211, reject out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals, and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 4232 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212 and the radio frequency signal processing module 430, configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212, reject out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals, and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the antenna module 410 in the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12, the type a diplexers 4211 and 4212 in the radio frequency front end module 420, the LF band filters 4221 and 4222, the MF (or MFH) band filters 4231 and 4232, and other subsequent modules/chips operate in the same manner as the single antenna GNSS receiver shown in fig. 5 to 11, and are not repeated here.

In summary, fig. 12 shows a GNSS receiver 400, where four rf channels are formed to respectively process LF and MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, and a radio frequency front-end module can shunt the GNSS signals received by the two active antennas according to the LF band and MF/MFH band, and greatly reduce energy loss after signal shunting; the GNSS receiver 400 also employs filters for both the LF and MF (or MFH) bands, effectively suppressing noise of the GNSS signals of the respective bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 420 of the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by the mismatch of the impedance of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider of the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the output signal of the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 420 of the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12 may include only an a-type duplexer, without a filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 400 to form four rf channels to process the LF and MF (or MFH) frequency bands of GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 420 of the GNSS receiver 400 can support the same GNSS systems and signals as the rf front-end module 120 of the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5, and will not be described again.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in FIG. 13 may comprise an antenna module 410, and the antenna module 410 may comprise an active antenna 411 and an active antenna 412.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in FIG. 13 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 4201, and the radio frequency front-end module 4201 may comprise an A-type duplexer 4211 and an A-type duplexer 4212.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front-end module 4201 of the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in fig. 13 may further include LF band filters 4221 and 4222, and MF (or MFH) band filters 4231 and MF (or MFH) band filters 4232.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 4201 of the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in FIG. 13 may further comprise a power divider 4241 and a power divider 4242.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in FIG. 13 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 430, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 440, and a central processor module 450. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440 and the central processor module 450, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 430, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440 and the central processor module 450.

According to one embodiment, the working principles of the antenna module 410 in the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in fig. 13, the type a diplexers 4211 and 4212 in the radio frequency front end module 4201, the MF (or MFH) band filters 4231 and 4232, and other subsequent modules/chips are the same as the GNSS receiver 400 shown in fig. 12, and will not be repeated here.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in fig. 13 further subdivides the LF band into an LFL band and an LFH band, and processes the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band through two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the power divider 4241 of the rf front-end module 4201 shown in fig. 13 is coupled between the LF band filter 4221 and the rf signal processing module 430. The power divider 4241 is configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signal received from the LF band filter 4221 equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, where the GNSS signal output from each radio frequency channel includes the LFL and the GNSS signal of the LFH band, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 430 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440, can process the GNSS signals of the LFL or the LFH band in the two radio frequency channels respectively.

According to one embodiment, the power divider 4242 of the rf front-end module 4201 shown in fig. 13 is coupled between the LF band filter 4222 and the rf signal processing module 430. The power divider 4242 is configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signal received from the LF band filter 4222 equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, where the GNSS signal output from each radio frequency channel includes the LFL and the LFH band GNSS signal, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 430 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 440, can process the LFL or the LFH band GNSS signal in the two radio frequency channels respectively.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 4221 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4211 and the power divider 4241 and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4211 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 4222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212 and the power divider 4242 and configured to filter the LF band GNSS signals output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 4212 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to other embodiments, the power splitters 4241 and 4242 shown in fig. 13 may be replaced by two B-type diplexers (not shown), where the two B-type diplexers may divide and split the LF band signals received from the LF band filters 4221 and 4222 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signal is included in the LFL band) and the LFH band, respectively, in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290 MHz) between the L2C band signal and the G2 band signal, output the GNSS signals of the LFL band from the low frequency outputs of the two B-type diplexers to the radio frequency signal processing module 430, and output the GNSS signals of the LFH band from the high frequency outputs of the two B-type diplexers to the radio frequency signal processing module 430, so as to form four radio frequency channels.

In summary, fig. 13 shows a GNSS receiver 4001, forming six radio frequency channels to process LFL, LFH, and MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and splitting the GNSS signals according to the LF band, MF/MFH band, and HF band (or LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band, and HF band) at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to substantially reduce energy loss after splitting the signals; the GNSS receiver 4001 radio frequency front-end module 4201 further employs filters for both the LF and MF (or MFH) bands to effectively suppress noise of GNSS signals in the corresponding bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 4201 of the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in fig. 13 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by impedance mismatch between the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider of the existing GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the signal output from the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 4201 of the GNSS receiver 4001 shown in fig. 13 may include only an a-type duplexer and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), and no filter is provided, so that the GNSS receiver 4001 may form six rf channels to process the received LFL, LFH and MF (or MFH) frequency bands of GNSS signals from two active antennas, respectively.

In conjunction with table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the GNSS system and signals that the rf front-end module 4201 of the GNSS receiver 4001 can support are the same as the GNSS receiver 100 shown in fig. 5, and will not be described again here.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 500 shown in FIG. 14 may comprise an antenna module 510, and the antenna module 510 may comprise an active antenna 511 and an active antenna 512.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 500 shown in FIG. 14 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 520, and the radio frequency front-end module 420 may comprise a C-type diplexer 5251 and a C-type diplexer 5252, and an A-type diplexer 5211 and an A-type diplexer 5212.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 may further include LF band filters 5221 and 5222, MF (or MFH) band filters 5231 and MF (or MFH) band filters 5232, and HF band filters 5261 and HF band filters 5262.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 500 shown in FIG. 14 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 530, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 540, and a central processor module 550. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be formed by the GNSS baseband signal processing module 540 and the central processor module 550, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be formed by the radio frequency signal processing module 530, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 540 and the central processor module 550.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 5251 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 511 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 5251 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 511, output GNSS signals of LF and MF frequency bands from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals of HF frequency band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 5251 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 511, output the LF and MFH band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 5252 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 512 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 5252 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 512, output GNSS signals in the LF and MF frequency bands from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the HF frequency band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-diplexer 5252 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 512, output the LF and MFH band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 5211 may include three ports, one coupled to the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5251 and the other two ports being its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 5211 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5251, output GNSS signals in the LF band from its low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF band from its high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND-band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 5211 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low-frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5251, output GNSS signals in the LF-band from its low-frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MFH-band from its high-frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 5212 may include three ports, one coupled to the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5252 and the other two ports being its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 5212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5252, output GNSS signals in the LF band from its low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF band from its high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND-band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 5212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low-frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5252, output GNSS signals in the LF-band from its low-frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MFH-band from its high-frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 5221 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5211 and the rf signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5211 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 5222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5212 and the rf signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5212 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 5231 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5211 and the radio frequency signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5211 to suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 5232 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5212 and the radio frequency signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 5212 to suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 5261 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5251 and the rf signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5251 to suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 5262 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5252 and the rf signal processing module 530 and configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 5252 to suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the working principles of the antenna module 510, the C-type diplexers 5251 and 5252, the a-type diplexers 5211 and 5212, the LF band filters 5221 and 5222, the MF (or MFH) band filters 5231 and 5232, the HF band filters 5261 and 5262, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 are the same as those of the single-antenna GNSS receiver shown in fig. 5 to 11, and are not repeated here.

In summary, fig. 14 shows a GNSS receiver 500, where six rf channels are formed to process LF, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF band, MF/MFH band and HF band at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; the GNSS receiver 500 radio frequency front-end module 520 also employs filters for the three frequency bands LF, MF (or MFH) and HF to effectively suppress noise of the GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by the mismatch of the impedance of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider of the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the output signal of the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 further subdivides the LF band into an LFL band and an LFH band, and processes the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band through two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 may further include a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 5221 and the rf signal processing module 530, and a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 5222 and the rf signal processing module 530. The two power splitters are configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signals received from the LF band filters 5221 and 5222 into two rf channels, and the GNSS signals output from each rf channel include the LFL and LFH band GNSS signals, so that subsequent modules, such as the rf signal processing module 530 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 540, can process the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 511 and the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 512 in four rf channels, respectively. In this case, the GNSS receiver 500 forms eight radio frequency channels to process LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

According to other embodiments, the two power splitters may be replaced by two B-type diplexers (not shown), where the two B-type diplexers may divide and split the LF band signals received from the LF band filters 5221 and 5222 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signals are included in the LFL band) and the LFH band, respectively, in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290 MHz) between the L2C band signals and the G2 band signals, output the GNSS signals of the LFL band from the low frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the rf signal processing module 530, and output the GNSS signals of the LFH band from the high frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the rf signal processing module 530, so as to form four rf channels. In this case, the GNSS receiver 500 forms eight radio frequency channels to process the LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and this structure can split the GNSS signals according to LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band and HF band at the radio frequency front-end module, and greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 may include only a C-type duplexer and an a-type duplexer, without any filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 500 to form six rf channels to process the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 shown in fig. 14 may include only a C-type duplexer, an a-type duplexer, and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), without any filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 500 to form eight rf channels to process the GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from two active antennas, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 520 of the GNSS receiver 500 can support a full-system and full-band GNSS system, and the supported GNSS system and signals and the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8 are not described herein.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a dual antenna six radio channel GNSS receiver according to one embodiment of the application.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 600 shown in FIG. 15 may comprise an antenna module 610, and the antenna module 610 may comprise an active antenna 611 and an active antenna 612.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 600 shown in FIG. 15 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 620, and the radio frequency front-end module 620 may comprise an A-type diplexer 6211 and an A-type diplexer 6212, and a C-type diplexer 6251 and a C-type diplexer 6252.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 may further include LF band filters 6221 and 6222, MF (or MFH) band filters 6231 and 6232, and HF band filters 6261 and 6262.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 600 shown in FIG. 15 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 630, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 640, and a central processor module 650. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 640 and the central processor module 650, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 630, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 640 and the central processor module 650.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 6211 may include three ports, one coupled to the active antenna 611 and the other two ports being a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 6211 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 611, output GNSS signals in the LF band from the low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF and HF bands from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 6211 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 611, output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the MFH and HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 6212 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 612 and the other two of which are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 6212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 612, output GNSS signals in the LF band from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the MF and HF bands from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 6212 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 612, output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the MFH and HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 6251 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6211 and the other two of which are its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 6251 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6211, output GNSS signals in the MF band from its own low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the HF band from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 6251 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6211, and output the MFH band GNSS signals from its own low frequency output, and the HF band GNSS signals from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 6252 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6212 and the other two of which are its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 6252 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6212, output GNSS signals in the MF band from its own low frequency output, and output GNSS signals in the HF band from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 6252 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6212, and output the MFH band GNSS signals from its own low frequency output, and the HF band GNSS signals from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 6221 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6211 and the rf signal processing module 630 and configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6211 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 6222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6212 and the rf signal processing module 630 and configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 6212 to suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 6231 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6251 and the radio frequency signal processing module 630 and configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6251 to suppress out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 6232 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6252 and the radio frequency signal processing module 630, configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6252, reject out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals, and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 6261 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6251 and the rf signal processing module 630 and configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6251 to suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 6262 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6252 and the rf signal processing module 630 and configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 6252 to suppress out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the working principles of the antenna module 610, the a-type diplexers 6211 and 6212, the C-type diplexers 6251 and 6252, the LF band filters 6221 and 6222, the MF (or MFH) band filters 6231 and 6232, the HF band filters 6261 and 6262, and other subsequent modules/chips in the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 are the same as those of the single-antenna GNSS receiver shown in fig. 5 to 11, and will not be repeated here.

In summary, fig. 15 shows a GNSS receiver 600, where six rf channels are formed to process LF, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF band, MF/MFH band and HF band at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; the GNSS receiver 600 radio frequency front-end module 620 also employs filters for the three frequency bands LF, MF (or MFH) and HF to effectively suppress noise of the GNSS signals of the respective frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the rf front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by the mismatch of the impedance of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider in the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the signal output from the rf front-end module to the subsequent module/chip.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 further subdivides the LF band into an LFL band and an LFH band, and processes the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band through two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 may further include a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 6221 and the rf signal processing module 630, and a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 6222 and the rf signal processing module 630. The two power splitters are configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signals received from the LF band filters 6221 and 6222 into two rf channels, respectively, and the GNSS signals output from each rf channel include the LFL and LFH band GNSS signals, so that subsequent modules, such as the rf signal processing module 630 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 640, can process the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 611 and the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 612 in four rf channels, respectively. In this case, the GNSS receiver 600 forms eight radio frequency channels that respectively process LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas.

According to other embodiments, the two power splitters may be replaced by two B-type diplexers (not shown), where the two B-type diplexers may divide and split the LF band signals received from the LF band filters 6221 and 6222 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signals are included in the LFL band) and the LFH band, respectively, in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290 MHz) between the L2C band signals and the G2 band signals, output the GNSS signals of the LFL band from the low frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the rf signal processing module 630, and output the GNSS signals of the LFH band from the high frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the rf signal processing module 630, so as to form four rf channels. In this case, the GNSS receiver 600 forms eight radio frequency channels to process the LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and this structure can split the GNSS signals according to LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band and HF band at the radio frequency front-end module, and greatly reduce the energy loss after the signal splitting.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 may include only an a-type duplexer and a C-type duplexer, without any filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 600 to form six rf channels to process the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 shown in fig. 15 may include only an a-type duplexer, a C-type duplexer, and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), without any filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 600 to form eight rf channels to process the GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from two active antennas, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 620 of the GNSS receiver 600 can support a full-system and full-band GNSS system, and the supported GNSS system and signals and the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8 are not described herein.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 700 shown in FIG. 16 may comprise an antenna module 710, and the antenna module 710 may comprise an active antenna 711 and an active antenna 712.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 700 shown in FIG. 16 may comprise a radio frequency front-end module 720, and the radio frequency front-end module 720 may comprise an A-type duplexer 7211, a C-type duplexer 7251, an A-type duplexer 7212, and a C-type duplexer 7252.

According to one embodiment, the radio frequency front end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 may further include LF band filters 7221 and 7222, MF (or MFH) band filters 7231 and MF (or MFH) band filters 7232, and HF band filters 7261 and HF band filters 7262.

According to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 700 shown in FIG. 16 may further comprise a radio frequency signal processing module 730, a GNSS baseband signal processing module 740, and a central processor module 750. According to various embodiments, the GNSS baseband chip (not shown) may be composed of the GNSS baseband signal processing module 740 and the central processor module 750, or the GNSS radio frequency baseband integrated chip (not shown) may be composed of the radio frequency signal processing module 730, the GNSS baseband signal processing module 740 and the central processor module 750.

According to one embodiment, the a-type diplexer 7211 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 711 and the other two ports are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 7211 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 711, output GNSS signals of LF band from a low frequency output, and output GNSS signals of MF and HF bands from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 7211 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 711, and output the LF band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and output the MFH and HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 7251 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7211, and the other two ports are their own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The C-type duplexer 7251 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the high frequency output terminal of the a-type duplexer 7211, output the GNSS signals of the MF band from its own low frequency output terminal, and output the GNSS signals of the HF band from its own high frequency output terminal, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 7251 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the high frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7211, and output the MFH band GNSS signals from its own low frequency output, and output the HF band GNSS signals from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the C-type diplexer 7252 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the active antenna 712, and the other two ports are a low frequency output and a high frequency output, respectively. The C-type diplexer 7252 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the active antenna 712, and output GNSS signals of LF and MF frequency bands from a low frequency output, and GNSS signals of HF frequency band from a high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if the receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the C-type diplexer 7252 is configured to receive the GNSS signals from the active antenna 712, and output the LF and MFH band GNSS signals from the low frequency output, and the HF band GNSS signals from the high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, a-type diplexer 7212 may include three ports, one of which is coupled to the low frequency output of C-type diplexer 7252 and the other two ports are its own low frequency output and high frequency output, respectively. The a-type diplexer 7212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7252, output GNSS signals of the LF band from its own low frequency output, and output GNSS signals of the MF band from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to other embodiments, if receiving LBAND band GNSS signals is not considered, the a-type diplexer 6212 is configured to receive GNSS signals from the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7252, output GNSS signals of the LF band from its own low frequency output, output GNSS signals of the MFH band from its own high frequency output, forming two radio frequency channels.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 7221 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 7211 and the rf signal processing module 730, configured to filter the LF band signal output from the low frequency output of the a-type duplexer 7211, and suppress out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 7231 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7251 and the radio frequency signal processing module 730, configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signal output from the low frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7251, suppressing out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 7261 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7251 and the radio frequency signal processing module 730, configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7251, suppressing out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the LF band filter 7222 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7212 and the rf signal processing module 730, configured to filter the LF band signal output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7212, suppressing out-of-band noise of the LF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the MF (or MFH) band filter 7232 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7212 and the radio frequency signal processing module 730, configured to filter the MF (or MFH) band signals output by the low frequency output of the a-type diplexer 7212, suppressing out-of-band noise of the MF (or MFH) band GNSS signals and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the HF band filter 6262 may be an acoustic surface filter coupled between the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7252 and the radio frequency signal processing module 730, configured to filter the HF band signal output by the high frequency output of the C-type diplexer 7252, suppressing out-of-band noise of the HF band GNSS signal and harmonic components introduced by device nonlinearities.

According to one embodiment, the antenna module 710 in the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16, the a-type diplexers 7211 and 7212, the C-type diplexers 7251 and 7252, the LF band filters 7221 and 7222, the MF (or MFH) band filters 7231 and 7232, the HF band filters 7261 and 7262, and other subsequent modules/chips in the radio frequency front end module 720 are the same as those of the single antenna GNSS receiver shown in fig. 5 to 11, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In summary, fig. 16 shows a GNSS receiver 700, where six rf channels are formed to process LF, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and the GNSS signals can be split according to the LF band, MF (or MFH) band and HF band at a radio frequency front-end module, so as to greatly reduce energy loss after signal splitting; the GNSS receiver 700 radio frequency front-end module 720 also employs filters for the three frequency bands LF, MF (or MFH) and HF, which effectively suppresses noise of the GNSS signals of the corresponding frequency bands.

Meanwhile, the structure of the radio frequency front end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 only sets a filter at the output end of the diplexer, so as to avoid the unknown problem caused by the mismatch of the impedance of the input and output ends of the power divider due to the filter set at the output end of the power divider of the conventional GNSS receiver, and improve the quality of the output signal of the radio frequency front end module to the subsequent module/chip.

In order to reasonably reduce the ADC sampling frequency of the GNSS receiver, according to one embodiment, the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 further subdivides the LF band into an LFL band and an LFH band, and processes the GNSS signals of the LFL band and the LFH band through two radio frequency channels, respectively.

According to one embodiment, the rf front-end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 may further include a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 7221 and the rf signal processing module 730, and a power divider (not shown) coupled between the LF band filter 7222 and the rf signal processing module 730. The two power splitters are configured to divide the energy of the LF band GNSS signals received from the LF band filters 7221 and 7222 into two radio frequency channels, respectively, and the GNSS signals output from each radio frequency channel include the LFL and LFH band GNSS signals, so that subsequent modules, such as the radio frequency signal processing module 730 and the GNSS baseband signal processing module 740, can process the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 711 and the LFL or LFH band GNSS signals from the active antenna 712 in four radio frequency channels, respectively. In this case, the GNSS receiver 700 forms eight radio frequency channels that process LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

According to other embodiments, the two power splitters may be replaced by two B-type diplexers (not shown), where the two B-type diplexers may divide and split the LF band signals received from the LF band filters 7221 and 7222 according to the LFL band (the L2C band signals are included in the LFL band) and the LFH band, respectively, in a frequency range (1237.830 MHz to 1258.290 MHz) between the L2C band signals and the G2 band signals, output the GNSS signals of the LFL band from the low frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the radio frequency signal processing module 730, and output the GNSS signals of the LFH band from the high frequency output ends of the two B-type diplexers to the radio frequency signal processing module 730, so as to form four radio frequency channels. In this case, the GNSS receiver 700 forms eight radio frequency channels to process the LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively, and this structure can split the GNSS signals according to LFL band, LFH band, MF/MFH band and HF band at the radio frequency front-end module, and greatly reduce the energy loss after the signal splitting.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 may also include only an a-type duplexer and a C-type duplexer, without any filter, and may also enable the GNSS receiver 700 to form six rf channels to process the LF, MF (or MFH) and HF-band GNSS signals received from two active antennas, respectively.

According to other embodiments, the rf front-end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 may include only an a-type duplexer, a C-type duplexer, and a power divider (or B-type duplexer), and no filter is provided, and the GNSS receiver 700 may also be made to form eight rf channels to process the GNSS signals in LFL, LFH, MF (or MFH) and HF bands received from two active antennas, respectively.

With reference to table 1 and fig. 1 to 3, the rf front-end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 can support a GNSS system with a full system and a full frequency band, and the supported GNSS system and signals and the rf front-end module 220 of the GNSS receiver 200 shown in fig. 8 are not described herein.

It should be noted that the GNSS receiver detailed in the foregoing description is not an all-embodiment of the present application. For example: the structure of the rf front-end module 720 of the GNSS receiver 700 shown in fig. 16 coupled to the active antennas 711 and 712, respectively, may be interchanged; in the GNSS receivers shown in fig. 12 to 16, which include two active antennas, the structure and the number of channels coupled to the two active antennas may be asymmetric, and various devices may be flexibly combined according to the specific situations of practical applications, and the derived embodiments shall also fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The above embodiments are provided for illustrating the present application and not for limiting the present application, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the relevant art without departing from the scope of the present application, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1.A multi-band GNSS receiver comprising:

An antenna module including a first active antenna;

A radio frequency front end module comprising a type one diplexer, a first port of the type one diplexer coupled to the first active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the one-type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in an MF/MFH frequency band in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the one-type duplexer respectively;

the radio frequency signal processing module is coupled with the radio frequency front end module and is configured to receive GNSS signals output by the radio frequency front end module;

the GNSS baseband signal processing module is coupled with the radio frequency signal processing module; and

The central processing module is coupled with the GNSS baseband signal processing module;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the one-type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the one-type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range.

2. The GNSS receiver of claim 1 wherein the radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The type-I filter is coupled between the second port of the type-I duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band;

And the second type filter is coupled between the third port of the first type duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in the MF/MFH frequency band.

3. The GNSS receiver of claim 2 wherein the rf front-end module further comprises a power divider coupled between the one-type filter and the rf signal processing module and configured to divide the energy of the GNSS signal output by the one-type filter equally to form two rf channel outputs, so that the rf signal processing module and the GNSS baseband signal processing module can process the signal in the LFL frequency band and the signal in the LFH frequency band in the two rf channels, respectively.

4. The GNSS receiver of claim 1 or 2, wherein the frequency range of the LF band is: 1166.220MHz to 1283.865MHz; the frequency range of the MF band is: 1530.000MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the MFH band is: 1559.052MHz to 1605.886MHz.

5. A GNSS receiver according to claim 3, wherein the frequency range of the LFL band satisfies: the lowest frequency is 1166.220MHz, and the frequency is more than or equal to 1225.0425MHz; the frequency range of the LFH band satisfies: the lowest frequency is less than or equal to 1225.0425MHz and the highest frequency is 1283.865MHz.

6. A multi-band GNSS receiver comprising:

An antenna module including a first active antenna;

the first radio frequency front end module comprises:

A first one-type diplexer, a first port of the first one-type diplexer coupled with the first active antenna configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the first type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in MF/MFH and HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the first type duplexer respectively;

a first third-type duplexer, a first port of which is coupled with a third port of the first-type duplexer, and is configured to divide signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and signals in an HF frequency band in received GNSS signals into two radio frequency channels for processing, and output from the second port and the third port of the first third-type duplexer, respectively;

The first radio frequency signal processing module is coupled with the first radio frequency front end module and is configured to receive GNSS signals output by the first radio frequency front end module;

The first GNSS baseband signal processing module is coupled with the first radio frequency signal processing module; and

A first central processor module coupled to the first GNSS baseband signal processing module;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the first type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the first type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the first third-type duplexer is larger than the maximum value of the frequency range of the MF/MFH frequency band, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the third output port of the first third-type duplexer is smaller than the minimum value of the frequency range of the HF frequency band;

Or alternatively

A second radio frequency front end module comprising:

A second triplexer, a first port of the second triplexer coupled with the first active antenna, configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the second three-type duplexer is further configured to process signals in LF and MF/MFH frequency bands and signals in HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the second three-type duplexer respectively;

A second type duplexer, the first port of the second type duplexer being coupled to the second port of the second type duplexer, configured to process signals in the LF band and in the MF/MFH band in the received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output from the second port and the third port of the second type duplexer, respectively;

The second radio frequency signal processing module is coupled with the second radio frequency front end module and is configured to receive GNSS signals output by the second radio frequency front end module;

the second GNSS baseband signal processing module is coupled with the second radio frequency signal processing module; and

A second central processor module coupled to the second GNSS baseband signal processing module;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the second third-type duplexer is larger than the maximum value of the frequency range of the MF/MFH frequency band, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the third output port of the second third-type duplexer is smaller than the minimum value of the frequency range of the HF frequency band;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the second output port of the second type duplexer is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel of the third output port of the second type duplexer is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range.

7. The GNSS receiver of claim 6 wherein the first radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The first type-one filter is coupled between the second port of the first type-one duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band;

a first two-type filter coupled between the second port of the first three-type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

A first tri-type filter coupled between a third port of the first tri-type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module, configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an HF band;

Or alternatively

The second radio frequency front end module further includes:

The second first type filter is coupled between the second port of the second first type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band;

A second type-two filter coupled between the third port of the second type-two duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

And the second three-type filter is coupled between the third port of the second three-type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an HF frequency band.

8. The GNSS receiver of claim 7 wherein the first rf front-end module further comprises a first power divider coupled between the first one-type filter and the first rf signal processing module and configured to divide the energy of the GNSS signal output by the first one-type filter equally to form two rf channel outputs, so that the first rf signal processing module and the first GNSS baseband signal processing module can process the signal in the LFL frequency band and the signal in the LFH frequency band in the two rf channels respectively;

Or alternatively

The second radio frequency front end module further comprises a second power divider, the second power divider is coupled between the second first-type filter and the second radio frequency signal processing module, and the second power divider is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the second first-type filter equally to form two radio frequency channel outputs, so that the second radio frequency signal processing module and the second GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels.

9. The GNSS receiver of claim 6 or 7, wherein the frequency range of the LF band is: 1166.220MHz to 1283.865MHz; the frequency range of the MF band is: 1530.000MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the MFH band is: 1559.052MHz to 1605.886MHz.

10. The GNSS receiver of claim 8, wherein the frequency range of the LFL band satisfies: the lowest frequency is 1166.220MHz and the frequency is 1225.0425MHz or more; the frequency range of the LFH band satisfies: the lowest frequency is less than or equal to 1225.0425MHz and the highest frequency is 1283.865MHz.

11. A multi-band GNSS receiver comprising:

an antenna module including a first active antenna and a second active antenna;

a radio frequency front end module comprising:

a first one-type diplexer, a first port of the first one-type diplexer coupled with the first active antenna configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the first type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in an MF/MFH frequency band in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the first type duplexer respectively;

A second type of diplexer, a first port of the second type of diplexer coupled with the second active antenna configured to receive GNSS signals from the second active antenna; the second type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in an MF/MFH frequency band in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the second type duplexer respectively;

12. The GNSS receiver of claim 11 wherein the radio frequency front end module further comprises:

the first type-one filter is coupled between the second port of the first type-one duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module, and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band;

The second first type filter is coupled between the second port of the second first type duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band;

The first two-type filter is coupled between the third port of the first one-type duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and output the GNSS signals;

And the second type filter is coupled between the third port of the second type duplexer and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band.

13. The GNSS receiver of claim 12 wherein the radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The first power divider is coupled between the first type filter and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the first type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the radio frequency signal processing module and the GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels; the second power divider is coupled between the second first type filter and the radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the second first type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the radio frequency signal processing module and the GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels.

14. The GNSS receiver of claim 11 or 12, wherein the frequency range of the LF band is: 1166.220MHz to 1283.865MHz; the frequency range of the MF band is: 1530.000MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the MFH band is: 1559.052MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the HF band is: 2483.590MHz to 2499.910MHz.

15. The GNSS receiver of claim 13, wherein the frequency range of the LFL band satisfies: the lowest frequency is 1166.220MHz and the frequency is 1225.0425MHz or more; the frequency range of the LFH band satisfies: the lowest frequency is less than or equal to 1225.0425MHz and the highest frequency is 1283.865MHz.

16. A multi-band GNSS receiver comprising:

an antenna module including a first active antenna and a second active antenna;

the first radio frequency front end module comprises:

a second type of diplexer, a first port of the second type of diplexer coupled with the second active antenna configured to receive GNSS signals from the second active antenna; the second type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in MF/MFH and HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the second type duplexer respectively;

a second third-type duplexer, the first port of the second third-type duplexer being coupled with the third port of the second first-type duplexer and configured to process signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and signals in an HF frequency band in received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, output GNSS signals in the MF/MFH frequency band from the second port of the second third-type duplexer, and output from the second port and the third port of the second third-type duplexer, respectively;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the first type duplexer or the second output port of the second type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the first type duplexer or the third output port of the second type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the first tri-type duplexer or the second output port of the second tri-type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the frequency range of the MF/MFH frequency band, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the first tri-type duplexer or the third output port of the second tri-type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the frequency range of the HF frequency band;

or a second radio frequency front end module comprising:

a third type duplexer, a first port of the third type duplexer being coupled with the first active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the third type duplexer is further configured to process signals in LF and MF/MFH frequency bands and signals in HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the third type duplexer respectively;

a fourth type duplexer, a first port of the fourth type duplexer being coupled with the second active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the second active antenna; the fourth third-type duplexer is further configured to process signals in LF and MF/MFH frequency bands and signals in HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the fourth third-type duplexer respectively;

A third type duplexer, the first port of the third type duplexer being coupled to the second port of the third type duplexer, and configured to process signals in the LF band and signals in the MF/MFH band in the received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from the second port and the third port of the third type duplexer, respectively;

A fourth type duplexer, the first port of the fourth type duplexer being coupled to the second port of the fourth type duplexer, and configured to process signals in the LF band and signals in the MF/MFH band in the received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from the second port and the third port of the fourth type duplexer, respectively;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the third type duplexer or the fourth output port of the fourth type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the frequency range of the MF/MFH frequency band, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the third type duplexer or the third output port of the fourth type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the frequency range of the HF frequency band;

the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the third first-type duplexer or the second output port of the fourth first-type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the third first-type duplexer or the third output port of the fourth first-type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range;

or a third radio frequency front end module comprising:

a fifth type duplexer, a first port of the fifth type duplexer coupled with the first active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the first active antenna; the fifth type duplexer is further configured to process signals in an LF frequency band and signals in MF/MFH and HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from a second port and a third port of the fifth type duplexer respectively;

A fifth type duplexer, the first port of the fifth type duplexer being coupled with the third port of the fifth type duplexer, configured to process signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and signals in an HF frequency band in the received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output from the second port and the third port of the fifth type duplexer, respectively;

a sixth type duplexer, a first port of the sixth type duplexer coupled with the second active antenna and configured to receive GNSS signals from the second active antenna; the sixth type duplexer is further configured to process signals in LF and MF/MFH frequency bands and signals in HF frequency bands in the GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from the second port and the third port of the sixth type duplexer, respectively;

a sixth type duplexer, a first port of which is coupled to a second port of the sixth type duplexer, configured to process signals in an LF band and signals in an MF/MFH band in received GNSS signals in two radio frequency channels, and output the signals from the second port and the third port of the sixth type duplexer, respectively;

The third radio frequency signal processing module is coupled with the third radio frequency front end module and is configured to receive GNSS signals output by the third radio frequency front end module;

a third GNSS baseband signal processing module coupled with the third radio frequency signal processing module; and

A third central processor module coupled to the third GNSS baseband signal processing module;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the fifth type duplexer or the second output port of the sixth type duplexer is located is larger than the maximum value of the LF frequency band frequency range, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the fifth type duplexer or the third output port of the sixth type duplexer is located is smaller than the minimum value of the MF/MFH frequency band frequency range;

The frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the second output port of the fifth type duplexer or the second output port of the sixth type duplexer is located is greater than the maximum value of the frequency range of the MF/MFH frequency band, and the frequency point corresponding to the maximum insertion loss of the radio frequency channel where the third output port of the fifth type duplexer or the third output port of the sixth type duplexer is located is less than the minimum value of the frequency range of the HF frequency band.

17. The GNSS receiver of claim 16 wherein the first radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The first type-one filter is coupled between the second port of the first type-one duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band; the second first type filter is coupled between the second port of the second first type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band; a first two-type filter coupled between the second port of the first three-type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

the second type filter is coupled between the second port of the second type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band;

A first tri-type filter coupled between a third port of the first tri-type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module, configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an HF band; the second three-type filter is coupled between the third port of the second three-type duplexer and the first radio frequency signal processing module, and is configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an HF frequency band and output the GNSS signals; or the second radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The third first type filter is coupled between the second port of the third first type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to filter and output GNSS signals in an LF frequency band; a fourth type filter coupled between the second port of the fourth type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on the GNSS signal in the LF band and output the filtered GNSS signal; a third second type filter coupled between a third port of the third first type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

A fourth type-two filter coupled between the third port of the fourth type-two duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in the MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

A third type filter coupled between a third port of the third type duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on the GNSS signals in the HF frequency band and output the filtered GNSS signals; a fourth type three filter coupled between the third port of the fourth type three duplexer and the second radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on the GNSS signal in the HF band and output the filtered GNSS signal; or the third radio frequency front end module further comprises:

A fifth type filter coupled between the second port of the fifth type duplexer and the third radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on the GNSS signal in the LF band and output the filtered GNSS signal; a sixth type filter coupled between the second port of the sixth type duplexer and the third radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on the GNSS signal in the LF band and output the filtered GNSS signal; a fifth type II filter coupled between the second port of the fifth type III duplexer and the third radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in MF/MFH frequency band and output the signals;

A sixth type two filter coupled between the third port of the sixth duplexer and the third rf signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in the MF/MFH band and output the filtered GNSS signals;

a fifth type three filter coupled between the third port of the fifth type three duplexer and the third radio frequency signal processing module, configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an HF band and output the filtered GNSS signals; and the sixth type filter is coupled between the third port of the sixth type duplexer and the third radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to perform filtering processing on GNSS signals in an HF frequency band and output the GNSS signals.

18. The GNSS receiver of claim 17 wherein the first radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The first power divider is coupled between the first type filter and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the first type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the first radio frequency signal processing module and the first GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels;

The second power divider is coupled between the second first type filter and the first radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the second type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the first radio frequency signal processing module and the first GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels;

Or the second radio frequency front end module further comprises:

The third power divider is coupled between the third first-type filter and the second radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the third first-type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the second radio frequency signal processing module and the second GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels;

The fourth power divider is coupled between the fourth first type filter and the second radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the fourth first type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the second radio frequency signal processing module and the second GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels;

or the third radio frequency front end module further comprises:

the fifth power divider is coupled between the fifth first-type filter and the third radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the fifth first-type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the third radio frequency signal processing module and the third GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels;

And the sixth power divider is coupled between the sixth first-type filter and the third radio frequency signal processing module and is configured to divide the GNSS signal energy output by the sixth first-type filter equally to form two radio frequency channels for output, so that the third radio frequency signal processing module and the third GNSS baseband signal processing module can respectively process signals in an LFL frequency band and signals in an LFH frequency band in the two radio frequency channels.

19. The GNSS receiver of claim 16 or 17, wherein the frequency range of the LF band is: 1166.220MHz to 1283.865MHz; the frequency range of the MF band is: 1530.000MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the MFH band is: 1559.052MHz to 1605.886MHz; the frequency range of the HF band is: 2483.590MHz to 2499.910MHz.

20. The GNSS receiver of claim 18, wherein the frequency range of the LFL band satisfies: the lowest frequency is 1166.220MHz and the frequency is 1225.0425MHz or more; the frequency range of the LFH band satisfies: the lowest frequency is less than or equal to 1225.0425MHz and the highest frequency is 1283.865MHz.