CN117704672A - Thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117704672A CN117704672A CN202311704267.4A CN202311704267A CN117704672A CN 117704672 A CN117704672 A CN 117704672A CN 202311704267 A CN202311704267 A CN 202311704267A CN 117704672 A CN117704672 A CN 117704672A
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/043—Operating continuously
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and an operation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of heat energy storage. The invention expands the application range of the closed thermochemical heat storage system under extreme environmental temperature, can get rid of the problems of freezing risk, limited output temperature, lower heat filling density and the like caused by the influence of the environment of the independent closed thermochemical heat storage, realizes high-efficiency heat filling in summer and normal refrigeration, releases heat in low-temperature winter, and provides a preferred scheme with wider adaptability for high-efficiency storage and utilization of solar energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat energy storage, in particular to a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and an operation method thereof.
Background
The great development of renewable energy sources has important significance for solving the current serious energy and environmental problems. However, common renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, have time-varying instabilities and intermittency, which cause a mismatch in time between the supply side and the demand side when heating or cooling with solar energy, which mismatch becomes a bottleneck problem for solar heat utilization. How to store solar heat energy efficiently is a key to solve the problem, especially the problem of mismatch between supply and demand of solar heat energy in different seasons, and an efficient long-period heat storage technology is needed to solve the problem.
The thermochemical heat storage based on the solution absorption and solid adsorption reaction principles has the advantages of high energy storage density, long heat storage period and integration of heat storage and cold storage, and has good application scenes in the field of heat energy storage and utilization. Taking the most common lithium bromide aqueous solution working medium in the field of low-temperature heat energy storage and utilization of solar energy and the like at present as an example, the heat energy input by the thermochemical heat storage in the heat charging stage is converted into chemical energy of the working medium by heating, concentrating and desorbing the solution, and simultaneously, the generated vapor needs to release condensation heat to the outside and condense into liquid refrigerant water; in the exothermic stage, the refrigerant water absorbs the evaporation heat from the outside to form water vapor, and the water vapor is absorbed by the solution to release the reaction heat to the outside, so that the chemical energy of the working medium is converted into heat/cold energy.
Usually, the condensation heat in the heat charging process, the evaporation heat in the heat supplying function in the heat releasing process and the absorption/adsorption heat in the refrigerating function in the heat releasing process are directly discharged to the environment or absorbed from the environment. The ambient temperature thus greatly affects the performance of the thermochemical heat storage system and will even determine if the system is working properly. The concrete steps are as follows: 1) The heat charging process is mostly operated when solar energy is rich, and at the moment, the environment temperature is higher, so that the condensing temperature is high, the desorption pressure and the condensing pressure are high, the upper concentration limit which can be achieved by the absorption/adsorption agent at the same desorption temperature is reduced, and the energy storage density of the system is limited; 2) The heat supply function of the heat release process needs to be operated when the ambient temperature is low, however, when the ambient temperature is too low, the evaporation pressure and the absorption/adsorption pressure are low, and the heat supply temperature (absorption/adsorption temperature) cannot reach the requirement under the same circulating concentration difference; 3) The refrigeration function of the heat release process needs to operate at high ambient temperature, however, when the ambient temperature is too high, the absorption/adsorption pressure and the evaporation pressure are high, and the refrigeration temperature (evaporation temperature) cannot reach the requirement under the same circulating concentration difference; 4) When the ambient temperature is extremely low, the system will not operate properly due to the freezing of the water.
Therefore, the person skilled in the art is dedicated to develop a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and an operation method thereof, which can raise or lower the ambient temperature to the cold and heat source temperature required by the normal and efficient operation of the thermochemical heat storage, and expand the operable range of the thermochemical heat storage system at extreme ambient temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to expand the application range of the closed thermochemical heat storage system at extreme ambient temperatures.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system, which is characterized by comprising a closed thermochemical heat storage module and an auxiliary cold and heat source module, wherein the closed thermochemical heat storage module comprises a heat source or a user, an absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger, an absorption/adsorbent tank, a refrigerant heat exchanger and a refrigerant tank, the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger is arranged in the absorption/adsorbent tank, the refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged in the refrigerant tank, the absorption/adsorbent tank is connected with the refrigerant tank, and the auxiliary cold and heat source module comprises a circulating water tank, a compressed air source heat pump and a closed cooling tower; the circulating pipeline between the heat source or the user and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger is driven by a first circulating pump, and comprises the heat source or the user, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve which are connected end to end in sequence; the circulating pipe between the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger is driven by a second circulating pump, the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger comprise a refrigerant heat exchanger, a seventh three-way valve, an eighth three-way valve, a circulating water tank, a fifth three-way valve and a sixth three-way valve which are connected end to end in sequence, the first three-way valve is also connected with the sixth three-way valve, the second three-way valve is also connected with the fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is also connected with the seventh three-way valve, the third three-way valve is also connected with the eighth three-way valve, and the circulating pipe between the circulating water tank and the compressed air source heat pump is driven by a third circulating pump, the circulating water tank, the ninth three-way valve, the compressed air source heat pump and the thirteenth communication valve are sequentially connected end to end, and the ninth three-way valve and the tenth three-way valve are also connected with the closed cooling tower.
Further, the closed cooling tower adopts spray cooling or air cooling.
Further, lithium bromide solution, lithium chloride solution, calcium chloride solution, silica gel or molecular sieve is adopted as the absorption/adsorption agent in the absorption/adsorption agent tank.
Further, the refrigerant tank employs water as a refrigerant.
Further, the absorption/adsorbent tank is connected with the refrigerant tank through a steam pipeline, and an energy storage stop valve is further arranged on the steam pipeline.
Further, the circulating water tank adopts water or antifreeze as a circulating working medium.
Further, the system also comprises a detection device and a control system, wherein the detection device is used for measuring the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity, and the control system is used for controlling the operation mode of the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system.
The operation method of the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system is characterized by comprising a heating mode, wherein in the heating mode, the heat source or a user and the auxiliary cold and heat source module are respectively communicated with hot water and cooling water in the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve is communicated with the fourth three-way valve, the fifth three-way valve is communicated with the sixth three-way valve, the seventh three-way valve is communicated with the eighth three-way valve, the first three-way valve is not communicated with the sixth three-way valve, the second three-way valve is not communicated with the fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is not communicated with the seventh three-way valve, the third three-way valve is not communicated with the eighth three-way valve, and the compressed air source heat pump or the auxiliary heat pump is participated in the cooling tower and the closed-type circulation module is provided by adjusting the communication state of the ninth three-way valve and the thirteenth three-way valve.
Further, in the heating function, the heat source or the user and the auxiliary cold-heat source module are respectively led into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first three-way valve is communicated with the second three-way valve, the third three-way valve is communicated with the fourth three-way valve, the fifth three-way valve is communicated with the sixth three-way valve, the seventh three-way valve is communicated with the eighth three-way valve, the first three-way valve is not communicated with the sixth three-way valve, the second three-way valve is not communicated with the fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is not communicated with the seventh three-way valve, the third three-way valve is not communicated with the eighth three-way valve, and the compressed air source heat pump participates in the circulation of the auxiliary cold-heat source module and heats by adjusting the communication state of the ninth three-way valve and the thirteenth three-way valve.
Further, the operation method further includes a cooling mode in which the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the heat source or the user respectively feed cooling water and low-temperature water into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are not communicated, the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are not communicated, the fifth three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are not communicated, the seventh three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are not communicated, the first three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are communicated, the second three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve are communicated, the fourth three-way valve and the seventh three-way valve are communicated, and one of the compression air heat pump and the closed cooling tower participates in the circulation of the auxiliary cold and heat source module by adjusting the communication states of the ninth three-way valve and the thirteenth three-way valve.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
at extremely high or low ambient temperatures, the output temperature of the thermochemical heat storage system will not meet the requirements and even work properly due to the freezing of the cryogen. According to the invention, through the auxiliary cold and heat source module formed by the compressed air source heat pump, the closed cooling tower and the like, the ambient temperature is increased or reduced to the cold and heat source temperature required by the normal and efficient working of the thermochemical heat storage, and the operable range of the closed thermochemical heat storage system at the extreme ambient temperature is expanded. The auxiliary cold-heat source module adopts a compressed air source heat pump capable of refrigerating and heating as a cold source in a heat charging stage, a heat source in a heat discharging stage heat supply mode and a cold source in a heat discharging stage refrigeration mode of the closed thermochemical heat storage system, and can also use a closed cooling tower to replace the heat pump as the cold source when the environmental conditions are proper in order to reduce the power consumption of the system. In the field of solar heat storage utilization, the invention can solve the problems of freezing risk, limited output temperature, lower heat filling density and the like caused by the influence of the environment of single closed thermochemical heat storage, realize high-efficiency heat filling in high-temperature summer and normal refrigeration, and realize normal heat release in low-temperature winter, thereby providing a preferable scheme with wider adaptability for high-efficiency storage and utilization of solar energy.
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
the system comprises a 1-heat source or a user, a 2-absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger, a 3-absorption/adsorbent tank, a 4-refrigerant heat exchanger, a 5-refrigerant tank, a 6-circulating water tank, a 7-compressed air source heat pump, an 8-closed cooling tower, a 9-energy storage stop valve, a 10-first circulating pump, a 11-second circulating pump, a 12-third circulating pump, a 13-first three-way valve, a 14-second three-way valve, a 15-third three-way valve, a 16-fourth three-way valve, a 17-fifth three-way valve, a 18-sixth three-way valve, a 19-seventh three-way valve, a 20-eighth three-way valve, a 21-ninth three-way valve and a 22-thirteenth three-way valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical contents thereof more clear and easy to understand. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments described herein.
In the drawings, like structural elements are referred to by like reference numerals and components having similar structure or function are referred to by like reference numerals. The dimensions and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention is not limited to the dimensions and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components is exaggerated in some places in the drawings for clarity of illustration.
As shown in FIG. 1, the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system provided by the embodiment of the invention increases or decreases the ambient temperature to the cold and heat source temperature required by the normal and efficient working of the thermochemical heat storage, and expands the operable range of the thermochemical heat storage system at extreme ambient temperature. The thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system comprises a closed thermochemical heat storage module and an auxiliary cold and heat source module.
The solid lines and the dashed lines in fig. 1 represent the pipelines used in different operation modes, and the closed thermochemical heat storage module comprises a heat source or user 1, an absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2, an absorption/adsorbent tank 3, a refrigerant heat exchanger 4, a refrigerant tank 5, a first circulation pump 10, a first three-way valve 13, a second three-way valve 14, a third three-way valve 15, a fourth three-way valve 16, a fifth three-way valve 17, a sixth three-way valve 18, a seventh three-way valve 19, an eighth three-way valve 20, an energy storage stop valve 9 and corresponding connecting pipelines, wherein the heat source or user 1 represents the heat source during charging or the user during discharging. The connecting pipeline of the closed thermochemical heat storage module comprises a steam pipeline between the absorption/adsorbent tank 3 and the refrigerant tank 5 and an energy storage stop valve 9, and the energy storage stop valve 9 controls the operation of the heat storage module by controlling the on-off of the steam pipeline; the system also comprises a circulating water pipeline between a heat source or a user 1 and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2, and is driven by a first circulating pump 10 to sequentially flow through a first three-way valve 13, a second three-way valve 14, a third three-way valve 15 and a fourth three-way valve 16; the circulating water pipeline between the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 is driven by the second circulating pump 11 to sequentially flow through the fifth three-way valve 17, the sixth three-way valve 18, the seventh three-way valve 19 and the eighth three-way valve 20; the system also comprises a circulating water pipeline between the heat source or user 1 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4, and is driven by the first circulating pump 10 to sequentially flow through the first three-way valve 13, the sixth three-way valve 18, the seventh three-way valve 19 and the fourth three-way valve 16; the system also comprises a circulating water pipeline between the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2, and the circulating water pipeline is driven by a second circulating pump 11 to sequentially flow through a fifth three-way valve 17, a second three-way valve 14, a third three-way valve 15 and an eighth three-way valve 20. The auxiliary cold and heat source module comprises a circulating water tank 6, a compressed air source heat pump 7, a closed cooling tower 8, a second circulating pump 11, a third circulating pump 12, a ninth three-way valve 21, a thirteenth through valve 22 and corresponding connecting pipelines, wherein the connecting pipelines of the auxiliary cold and heat source module comprise a circulating water pipeline between the circulating water tank 6 and the closed thermochemical heat storage module and are driven by the second circulating pump 11; the air source heat pump system also comprises a circulating water pipeline between the circulating water tank 6 and the compressed air source heat pump 7, and is driven by a third circulating pump 12 to sequentially flow through a ninth three-way valve 21 and a tenth three-way valve 22; the circulating water pipeline between the circulating water tank 6 and the closed cooling tower 8 is driven by the third circulating pump 12 to sequentially flow through a ninth three-way valve 21 and a tenth three-way valve 22.
The working phase of the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system comprises a heat charging phase and a heat discharging phase, and the heat discharging phase comprises a heat supply mode and a refrigeration mode.
In the heat charging stage, the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system adopts a heat charging mode, a heat source or a user 1 is represented as a heat source, hot water and cooling water are respectively introduced into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 by the heat source and auxiliary cold and heat source modules, and at the moment, the flow directions of the first three-way valve 13 to the eighth three-way valve 20 in the connecting pipelines of the heat source and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary cold and heat source modules and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 are a inlet c outlet, c inlet e outlet, f inlet h outlet, h inlet j outlet, k inlet m outlet, m inlet o outlet, p inlet r outlet, r inlet t outlet respectively; at this time, the absorbent/adsorbent in the absorbent/adsorbent tank 3 is concentrated and desorbed by the heat of the hot water in the absorption tube of the absorbent/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2, the generated refrigerant vapor enters the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 through the vapor pipe, is condensed into liquid refrigerant and stored in the refrigerant tank 5, and the released condensation heat is taken away by the cooling water.
In the heat supply mode during the heat release stage, the heat source or the user 1 is represented as a user, the user and the auxiliary cold and heat source module respectively feed heated water and low temperature water into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4, and at this time, the flow directions of the first three-way valve 13 to the eighth three-way valve 20 in the connecting pipelines of the user and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 and the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 are a inlet and c outlet, c inlet and e outlet, f inlet and h outlet, h inlet and j outlet, and k inlet and m outlet, m inlet and o outlet, p inlet and r inlet and t outlet respectively; at this time, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 5 evaporates by absorbing the heat of the low-temperature water in the pipe by the refrigerant heat exchanger 4, the gaseous refrigerant enters the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 through the steam pipe to be absorbed by the absorption/adsorbent, and the released heat is taken out by the heated water.
In the refrigeration mode during the heat release stage, the heat source or the user 1 is represented as a user, the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the user respectively feed cooling water and low temperature water into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4, and at the moment, the flow directions of the first three-way valve 13 to the eighth three-way valve 20 in the connecting pipelines of the user and the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger 2 are a inlet, b outlet, n inlet, o outlet, p inlet, q outlet, i inlet, j outlet, k inlet, l outlet, d inlet, e outlet, f inlet, g outlet, s inlet and t outlet respectively; at this time, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 5 absorbs the heat of the low-temperature water in the pipe through the refrigerant heat exchanger 4 and evaporates, thereby reducing the temperature of the low-temperature water to realize refrigeration output, and the absorption/adsorption agent is cooled by the cooling water in the pipe of the absorption/adsorption agent reaction heat exchanger 2.
Further optimizing, the closed cooling tower 8 can replace the compressed air source heat pump 7 to serve as an auxiliary cold and heat source module when the environment temperature and humidity are proper, so that the running electricity consumption of the system is saved; when the ambient temperature is higher than the icing risk, the closed cooling tower 8 adopts spray cooling, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the icing risk, the closed cooling tower 8 adopts air cooling.
Further preferably, a commonly used hygroscopic solution or solid is used as the absorbing/adsorbing agent in the absorbing/adsorbing agent tank 3, such as lithium bromide solution, lithium chloride solution, calcium chloride solution or silica gel, molecular sieve, etc., and water is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 5.
Further optimizing, the circulating water tank 6 is used for facilitating the storage and replacement of circulating working media used for thermal coupling between the closed thermochemical heat storage module and the auxiliary cold and heat source module and buffering thermal coupling temperature fluctuation; the circulating water tank 6 stores circulating working medium, usually water, and when the environmental temperature is low to the icing risk, the circulating working medium needs to be replaced by antifreeze.
Further optimizing, through the circulation flow setting, the power between the closed thermochemical heat storage module and the auxiliary cold and heat source module is the same; that is, the condensation power of the thermochemical heat storage module in the heat charging stage is the same as the refrigeration power of the compressed air source heat pump 7 or the cooling power of the closed cooling tower 8, the evaporation power of the thermochemical heat storage module in the heat supplying function in the heat releasing stage is the same as the heating power of the compressed air source heat pump 7, and the absorption/adsorption heat releasing power of the thermochemical heat storage module in the refrigerating function in the heat releasing stage is the same as the refrigeration power of the compressed air source heat pump 7 or the cooling power of the closed cooling tower 8.
Further optimizing, the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system also comprises various detection devices and control systems, and is used for measuring the ambient temperature and humidity, and selecting the operation mode of the coupling system according to the heat source temperature during heat filling and the required output temperature during heat release.
In summary, the auxiliary cold and heat source modules composed of the compressed air source heat pump 7, the closed cooling tower 8 and the like mainly have the following operation modes according to the cold and heat source requirements of the thermochemical heat storage module:
1. when the thermochemical heat storage module is charged, the condensing heat needs to be released to the cold source, and at the moment, the normal ambient temperature is higher, and in order to reduce the condensing pressure and the desorbing pressure of the thermochemical heat storage module, thereby improving the upper concentration limit of the absorbing/adsorbing agent, the closed cooling tower 8 can be used for providing the cold source with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature; if the ambient temperature is higher, the closed cooling tower 8 cannot reduce the ambient temperature to the condensation temperature required for the high energy density charging of the thermochemical heat storage module, and the compressed air source heat pump 7 can be used for refrigeration.
2. When the thermochemical heat storage module releases heat by the heat supply function, the heat of vaporization needs to be absorbed from the heat source, and at this time, the ambient temperature is usually very low, and in order to raise the vaporization pressure and the absorption/adsorption pressure of the thermochemical heat storage module, thereby raising the heat supply temperature (absorption/adsorption temperature) of the absorption/adsorption agent, the compressed air source heat pump 7 may be used to perform heating, and raise the ambient temperature to the vaporization temperature required by the thermochemical heat storage module as required.
3. When the thermochemical heat storage module releases heat with the refrigeration function, the absorption/adsorption heat needs to be released to the cold source, at this time, the ambient temperature is usually higher, and in order to reduce the evaporation pressure and the absorption/adsorption pressure of the thermochemical heat storage module, thereby improving the refrigeration temperature (evaporation temperature) of the refrigerant, the closed cooling tower 8 can be used to provide the cold source with a temperature lower than the ambient temperature; if the ambient temperature is higher, the closed cooling tower 8 can not reduce the ambient temperature to the evaporation temperature required by the thermochemical heat storage module according to the required refrigeration temperature, and the compressed air source heat pump 7 can be used for refrigeration.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention without requiring creative effort by one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system is characterized by comprising a closed thermochemical heat storage module and an auxiliary cold and heat source module, wherein the closed thermochemical heat storage module comprises a heat source or a user, an absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger, an absorption/adsorbent tank, a refrigerant heat exchanger and a refrigerant tank, the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger is arranged in the absorption/adsorbent tank, the refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged in the refrigerant tank, the absorption/adsorbent tank is connected with the refrigerant tank, and the auxiliary cold and heat source module comprises a circulating water tank, a compressed air source heat pump and a closed cooling tower; the circulating pipeline between the heat source or the user and the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger is driven by a first circulating pump, and comprises the heat source or the user, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve which are connected end to end in sequence; the circulating pipe between the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger is driven by a second circulating pump, the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the refrigerant heat exchanger comprise a refrigerant heat exchanger, a seventh three-way valve, an eighth three-way valve, a circulating water tank, a fifth three-way valve and a sixth three-way valve which are connected end to end in sequence, the first three-way valve is also connected with the sixth three-way valve, the second three-way valve is also connected with the fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve is also connected with the seventh three-way valve, the third three-way valve is also connected with the eighth three-way valve, and the circulating pipe between the circulating water tank and the compressed air source heat pump is driven by a third circulating pump, the circulating water tank, the ninth three-way valve, the compressed air source heat pump and the thirteenth communication valve are sequentially connected end to end, and the ninth three-way valve and the tenth three-way valve are also connected with the closed cooling tower.
2. A thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system as in claim 1 wherein the closed cooling tower uses spray cooling or air cooling.
3. A thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein lithium bromide solution, lithium chloride solution, calcium chloride solution, silica gel or molecular sieve is used as the absorbing/adsorbing agent in the absorbing/adsorbing agent tank.
4. A thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system as in claim 1 wherein said cryogen tank uses water as the cryogen.
5. A thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system as in claim 1 wherein said absorption/adsorbent tank is connected to said cryogen tank by a vapor line, and wherein said vapor line is further provided with an energy storage shut-off valve.
6. The thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system of claim 1, wherein the circulating water tank uses water or antifreeze as a circulating medium.
7. A thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system as in claim 1 further comprising a sensing device for measuring ambient temperature and humidity and a control system for controlling the operating mode of the thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system.
8. A method of operating a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method of operating comprises a heat charging mode in which the heat source or the user and the auxiliary cold and heat source module are respectively fed with hot water and cooling water into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are in communication, the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are in communication, the fifth three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are in communication, the seventh three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are in communication, the first three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are not in communication, the second three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve are not in communication, the fourth three-way valve and the seventh three-way valve are not in communication, the third three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are not in communication, and the auxiliary heat pump module is in communication with the cold and the heat pump is in a closed circulation state by adjusting the third three-way valve and the third three-way valve.
9. The method of operating a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system of claim 8, further comprising a heating mode wherein, in the heating function, the heat source or the user and the auxiliary cold heat source module are respectively passed into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are in communication, the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are in communication, the fifth three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are in communication, the seventh three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are in communication, the first three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are not in communication, the second three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve are not in communication, the fourth three-way valve and the seventh three-way valve are not in communication, and the third three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are not in communication, and the compressed air source is involved in the heat pump circulation by adjusting the communication state of the ninth three-way valve and the thirteenth three-way valve.
10. The method of operating a thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system of claim 8, further comprising a refrigeration mode wherein the auxiliary cold and heat source module and the heat source or user respectively feed cooling water and low temperature water into the absorption/adsorbent reaction heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat exchanger, wherein the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are not in communication, the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are not in communication, the fifth three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are not in communication, the seventh three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are in communication, the first three-way valve and the sixth three-way valve are in communication, the second three-way valve and the fifth three-way valve are in communication, the fourth three-way valve and the seventh three-way valve are in communication, and the third three-way valve and the eighth three-way valve are in communication, and the heat source or the auxiliary air source is engaged in the closed-cycle cooling tower by adjusting the communication state of the ninth three-way valve and the thirteenth three-way valve.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311704267.4A CN117704672A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and operation method thereof |
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| CN202311704267.4A CN117704672A (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2023-12-12 | Thermochemical heat storage and air source heat pump coupling system and operation method thereof |
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