CN117432399B - Method for calculating recoverable resource of geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage - Google Patents
Method for calculating recoverable resource of geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating the amount of recoverable resources of geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage, which adopts a variable-pressure recharging experiment to a geothermal well to synchronously detect the nitrate concentration of recharging water source and recovery hot water, and can calculate the mixing ratio of recharging water and geothermal water more accurately by the ratio of the nitrate concentration of water quality to the nitrate concentration of water quality, thereby calculating the amount of recoverable resources of the field with pulse bedrock heat Chu Dere. The method has strong applicability and accuracy, is suitable for geothermal fields controlled by fracture structures, and does not need to consider irregular space forms of heat storage; secondly, huge dynamic monitoring data in the past are not needed, and the calculation is simple; and thirdly, the operation method is simple and feasible, and is suitable for evaluating geothermal fields of single and multiple production wells. The method is verified in Wen Danshang and Shang Cunshang geothermal fields, and the accuracy of the method is high through comparison analysis of results of the method with numerical simulation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geothermal resource recoverable resource calculation, in particular to a method for calculating recoverable resource of geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage.
Background
The calculation of the geothermal recoverable resource quantity in the domestic geothermal field mainly aims at the geological background and the geothermal resource characteristics of the local area in partial areas such as Tianjin, hebei, shandong, henan and the like according to the specifications of the geothermal resource investigation Specification (GB 11615-2010), the geothermal resource evaluation method (DZ 40-85) and the like, and the provincial standard for geothermal investigation and evaluation is respectively established. The method for calculating the geothermal recoverable resource mainly comprises a thermal storage method, an analysis method, a statistical analysis method, a centralized parameter mathematical model method, a numerical method, a comparison method, a geothermal fluid recoverable quantity algorithm under recharging conditions and the like.
Surface heat flow method: the geothermal resource amount is estimated based on the heat emitted from the geothermal field. The method is suitable for the conditions of low investigation degree and incapability of calculating geothermal resources by a thermal storage method, is used when hot springs and the like emit heat, and is not suitable for geothermal fields with large burial depth and low water temperature.
The heat storage method is mainly used for calculating the heat stored in the heat storage and the hot water storage capacity. The method is suitable for geothermal fields with small geothermal well control of the thermal storage temperature and approximately determined geothermal abnormal range, and the area of the geothermal fields and the thickness of the thermal storage layer are required to be determined in calculation, so that the method is widely applied to layered pore type thermal storage and also can be applied to layered fracture type thermal storage. However, for the inclined shape with pulse-like heat storage similar to a cavity tube shape, it is difficult to determine the thickness and geothermal field area.
The analytical method generally converts heat Chu Gai into an infinite confined aquifer with average value, isotropy, equal thickness and equal initial pressure everywhere, is mainly used for exploring geothermal fields with lower degree and less data, and is not applicable to heat storage with veins.
The statistical analysis method is suitable for geothermal fields with dynamic monitoring data for many years, and a statistical model established by the analysis method is used for predicting the pressure change trend of the geothermal field under the condition of constant (variable) exploitation and determining the exploitation amount under the condition of certain depth. The model needs to have a higher correlation coefficient, and the duration of the monitoring data determines the predicted time limit. However, most geothermal fields in Jiaodong areas have no long-term observation data, and the method is limited in use in Jiaodong areas.
Centralized parameter mathematical modeling: on the basis of establishing a geothermal field geothermal geological conceptual model, a centralized parameter model is adopted to simulate the response of the temperature and the water level (pressure) of the thermal storage to different mining and filling situations. The advantage of the centralized parametric model is that only annual production and corresponding water level (pressure) response data are required. Likewise, acquisition of long-term production data is a difficult problem for geothermal resource quantity calculation.
The numerical method has relatively high precision, needs to find out geothermal field geothermal geological characteristics, temperature field distribution and change rules, and also needs to have various data such as geothermal well test, recharging, exploitation, monitoring, water quality analysis and the like. The method has higher requirements on the integrity of the existing data, is used for solving the complex geological problem, and has poor applicability to geothermal fields with shortage of geological data.
The comparison method is used for the stage with lower investigation degree, and the geothermal resource quantity of the existing geothermal field is utilized to calculate the geothermal field resource quantity with similar geological conditions. The geothermal energy can be used only in geothermal energy fields with similar geothermal energy storage and distribution conditions, but the geological conditions of each geothermal energy field cannot be completely consistent, and the analogy results can be greatly different from the actual situations.
Geothermal fluid producibility gauge algorithm under recharge conditions: under the condition of balanced mining and irrigation, the mining amount when the heat balance is kept and the water level is reduced to the maximum allowable water level burial depth is the mining amount of geothermal fluid under the condition of recharging, and the mining amount of geothermal fluid of the whole geothermal field cannot be indicated because the mining amount is limited by the number of single mining wells or a plurality of mining wells during recharging.
At present, no calculation method for the geothermal resource exploitation amount of the geothermal field with the pulse bedrock in the Jiaodong area exists, and most of the calculation methods are adopted according to the situation in practice, but the calculation method is mainly applicable to the geothermal field with layered sandstone thermal storage or high research degree, and the accuracy and the applicability of the construction of the fracture type thermal storage are suspected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: how to provide a calculation method for the calculated value of the recoverable geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage to solve the problems of low applicability of the structural fracture type heat storage, less geothermal field monitoring data, undefined geothermal geological conditions and the like which are easy to cause larger deviation of the calculated value of the recoverable geothermal fluid.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for calculating a recoverable resource of a geothermal fluid with a pulse heat storage, comprising: setting a recharging well and a production well, wherein the depth dimension of the recharging well is larger than that of the production well, the recharging well is positioned at the upstream of the groundwater flow field, the production well is positioned at the downstream of the groundwater flow field, and the recharging well and the production well are communicated with the same stratum thermal storage;
recharging water is injected into the stratum thermal storage through the recharging well and flows along the stratum thermal storage after being mixed with geothermal water, and part of mixed hot water is pumped out through the exploitation well;
Obtaining recharging quantity Q Returning to of recharging water in the recharging well, wherein the unit of the recharging quantity Q Returning to is m 3/d;
Obtaining nitrate concentration omega Returning to of recharging water in the recharging well, wherein the unit of the nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water is mg/L;
Obtaining geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine in the exploitation well, wherein the unit of the geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine is m 3/d;
Obtaining the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water in the production well, wherein the unit of the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water is mg/L;
Obtaining nitrate concentration omega Heat of the body of the in-situ hot water;
Determining geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body according to a geothermal fluid recoverable quantity calculation formula, wherein:
Q Heat of the body ＝(Q Drawing machine ω Drawing machine －Q Returning to ω Returning to )/ω Heat of the body ；
Determining a scale factor n of the geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body and the recharging quantity Q Returning to of the recharging water, wherein:
The scaling factor n=q Heat of the body /Q Returning to . The geothermal water production Q Drawing machine =the recharge Q Returning to .
Further, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a nitrate concentration monitor are arranged in the recharging well, and a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a nitrate concentration monitor are arranged in the exploitation well.
Further, a submersible pump and a water pumping pipe are arranged in the exploitation well, and the exploited geothermal water in the exploitation well is pumped through the submersible pump and the water pumping pipe.
Further, the recharge pressure of the recharge water injected into the formation thermal reservoir via the recharge well increases gradually from small to large.
Further, ω Drawing machine 、ω Returning to 、Q Drawing machine 、Q Returning to is monitored every 20min, 30min, 60min, 120min until the geothermal water production Q Drawing machine =recharging amount Q Returning to , and the recharging of the recharging well is stopped.
Further, the nitrate concentration ω Heat of the body of the in-situ hot water is obtained by pumping test on geothermal well.
Further, the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water and the nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water are synchronously analyzed on line through the nitrate concentration monitor.
Compared with the related art, the method for calculating the recoverable resources of the geothermal fluid with the pulse heat storage has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the problem of incomplete geological data and poor heat storage applicability of the matrix with veins, the calculation method for estimating the amount of the recoverable resources of the geothermal field mainly has the following technical effects:
(1) Is suitable for the farmland with vein-shaped bedrock heat Chu Dere. At present, a determination method for the amount of available resources in geothermal fields with pulse structures in Jiaodong areas is not available, the form of geothermal Tian Rechu controlled by a plurality of fracture structures is generally irregular, and the heat storage thickness and the heat storage area cannot be accurately determined. The method does not need to calculate irregular space morphology of heat storage, can be suitable for geothermal fields controlled by a plurality of fracture structures, and is also suitable for geothermal fields with layered heat storage.
(2) The geological data of the geothermal field is low in requirement. The method does not need huge historical dynamic monitoring data, and the hydrogeologic parameters are simple. After geothermal geological investigation, the amount of geothermal recoverable resources can be determined by adopting a recharging method. And the geothermal geological investigation time cost and the fund cost are effectively saved.
(3) The operation method is simple and easy to implement. The calculation method is simple, and the amount of the recoverable resources of the geothermal water can be calculated by only adopting the proportion of the nitrate. The method is simple and easy to implement and easy to copy, is suitable for evaluating geothermal fields of single and multiple exploitation wells, and can also be used in layered and pulse-shaped thermal storage geothermal fields.
(4) The recharging method can prolong the service life of the geothermal field and realize the regeneration of resources. The recharging fluid becomes geothermal water resource, achieves the aim of resource regeneration, maintains the exploitation condition of geothermal, maintains a thermal reservoir, prolongs the service life of a geothermal field, realizes effective protection of geothermal resource, and promotes the development and utilization mode of geothermal resource to change from rough type to intensive type.
In addition, the application is verified in Wen Danshang and Shang Cunshang geothermal fields, and the comparison analysis of the results of the methods such as numerical simulation and the like shows that the method has higher accuracy, and can provide a new thought for the evaluation of geothermal resources of the heat storage of the gangue-shaped bedrock in the Jiaodong area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a model of the spatial morphology of the matrix fracture geothermal Tian Rechu with veins in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a recharging test of the method for calculating the amount of recoverable resources of a geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal storage model and a geothermal well recharge concept model in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a calculation method for the recoverable resources of a geothermal fluid with a pulse heat storage, and particularly provides a calculation method for the recoverable resources of a geothermal fluid with a pulse heat storage, which aims at solving the problem that geological data are incomplete and the adaptability of the geothermal fluid with a pulse bedrock is poor, wherein a spatial morphological model of geothermal heat Tian Rechu with a pulse bedrock crack is shown by referring to figure 1.
The invention provides a method for calculating the recoverable resources of a geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage, which mainly relates to the process comprising the following steps: geothermal geological investigation, geophysical prospecting, geothermal well drilling, pumping test, geothermal well recharging conceptual model establishment, recharging test, pressure control exploitation depth adjustment, dynamic monitoring and exploitation resource amount calculation.
Specifically, geothermal geological investigation includes performing 1 according to the degree of investigation already existing in geothermal fields: 1 ten thousand-1: 5 ten thousand geothermal geology surveys, surveys geothermal field's topography, stratum lithology, thermal storage lithology, fracture structure attitude, hydrogeological conditions, current geothermal well condition, water level burial depth, single well water yield, actual exploitation volume, geothermal water temperature quality of water quality, groundwater quality (especially nitrate concentration) that can regard as the recharging water source around.
The geophysical prospecting comprises the comprehensive geophysical prospecting technologies such as resistivity combined section method, controllable source audio magnetotelluric CSAMT, high density electric method and the like, the trend and the position of a heat control and water control fault are judged, apparent resistivity sounding and high-precision electromagnetic spectrum detection (MES) work are carried out on a construction abnormal part, and the depth of a fracture intersection part is determined. The various measuring lines are perpendicular to the water guiding and heat conducting fault direction, and are laid along the road of the working area as much as possible, so that barriers and interference points are avoided.
Geothermal well drilling comprises the steps of accurately calculating the intersection position of two faults and determining the distance and drilling depth between the recharging well 11 and the exploitation well 12. The depth of the recharging well 11 is larger than that of the exploitation well 12, the recharging well 11 is positioned at the upstream of the underground water flow field, the exploitation well 12 is positioned at the downstream of the underground water flow field, the recharging well 11 and the exploitation well 12 are communicated with the same stratum thermal storage, so that the recharging water flows through the thermal storage and the transportation process for a sufficient distance to exchange heat with and mix with geothermal water, the recharging water is injected into the stratum thermal storage through the recharging well 11 and mixed with geothermal water to flow along the stratum thermal storage, and part of mixed hot water is pumped out through the exploitation well 12.
The water pumping test comprises the step of carrying out the water pumping test on the geothermal well to obtain parameters such as the stratum permeability coefficient, the fracture rate, the water inflow of the single well, the nitrate concentration omega Heat of the body of geothermal water and the like.
Further, a flowmeter 21, a pressure gauge 22 and a nitrate concentration monitor are respectively provided in the recharging well 11 and the production well 12. A submersible pump 23 and a water suction pipe 24 are arranged in the exploitation well 12, and the exploited geothermal water in the exploitation well is extracted through the submersible pump 23 and the water suction pipe 24.
Establishing a geothermal well recharging conceptual model: and (3) establishing a thermal storage model and a geothermal well recharging conceptual model according to the fracture structure occurrence, the thermal storage form, the recharging well and the exploitation well positions and geothermal water migration rules, and referring to an attached figure 2 of the specification. The recharging water is injected into the irregular thermal storage through the recharging well, evenly mixed with the geothermal water, flows along the thermal storage to the position with low water head, the mining well pumps part of the mixed geothermal water out of the ground surface, and the rest part is continuously discharged downstream.
The recharging experiments comprise selecting proper recharging water sources including groundwater, geothermal tail water and the like according to geothermal geological investigation results, and the recharging experiments are required to meet the requirements of sufficient water quantity, stable water quality and stable water temperature, and have small influence on the original geothermal water. Meanwhile, the nitrate concentration in the recharging water is different from that of geothermal water to a certain extent. The nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water and the nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water are synchronously analyzed on line through a nitrate concentration monitor.
Adjusting the pressure to control the exploitation depth comprises adjusting the recharging pressure from small to large on the premise of ensuring that the outlet water temperature of the exploitation well does not influence the normal use of geothermal water. And simultaneously controlling the geothermal water exploitation quantity, and regulating the water level to be reduced to the maximum allowable water level burial depth.
And obtaining recharging quantity Q Returning to of recharging water in the recharging well, wherein the unit of the recharging quantity Q Returning to is m 3/d.
The nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water in the recharging well is obtained, and the unit of the nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water is mg/L.
And obtaining the geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine in the exploitation well, wherein the unit of the geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine is m 3/d.
The nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water in the production well is obtained, and the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water is in mg/L.
The nitrate concentration omega Heat of the body of the in-situ hot water is obtained.
Determining geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body according to a geothermal fluid recoverable quantity calculation formula, wherein:
Q Heat of the body ＝(Q Drawing machine ω Drawing machine －Q Returning to ω Returning to )/ω Heat of the body 。
determining a scale factor n of the geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body and the recharge quantity Q Returning to of the recharge water, wherein:
The scaling factor n=q Heat of the body /Q Returning to . From the determined scale factors, geothermal water producibility under any recharge pressure conditions can be calculated. Specifically, the test adopts a recharging test of the well, recharging of the upstream geothermal well and exploitation of the downstream geothermal water. And regulating recharging water pressure in the recharging process, wherein the recharging water is heated by heat stored in the rock framework in the heat storage process and is mixed with deep circulating geothermal water. In the experimental process, the sample of the recharging water and the geothermal water in the exploitation well is synchronously collected, and nitrate ions are detected on site.
Nitrate is chosen as a tracer because, under natural conditions, nitrate in the recharge water does not substantially chemically react with minerals in the thermal reservoir for a short period of time, while other conventional ions may be liberated or adsorbed by reaction with the surrounding rock. And if other tracers are used, additional substances need to be added to the recharge water. By calculating the ratio of nitrate concentration in the recharge water to the extracted water, the mixing ratio of the recharge water to the geothermal water can be accurately calculated, and thus the amount of the extracted resources of the geothermal field under different extraction intensities can be calculated.
Further, ω Drawing machine 、ω Returning to 、Q Drawing machine 、Q Returning to is monitored every 20min, 30min, 60min, 120min until the geothermal water production Q Drawing machine =recharging amount Q Returning to , and the recharging of the recharging well is stopped.
Under the balanced condition of mining and irrigation, under the condition of keeping no heat breakthrough, the mining amount when the water level is reduced to the maximum allowable water level burial depth belongs to the geothermal water mining amount of a single well, and the geothermal water mining resource amount is larger than the actual mining amount. This is because there is also a volume of geothermal water that drains downstream in a radial flow after mixing with recharge water. The real geothermal water recoverable resource quantity can be calculated according to the geothermal water recoverable resource quantity calculation formula by adopting the geothermal water recoverable quantity when the maximum allowable water level buries and controlling the recharging water pressure (namely the recharging quantity).
Aiming at the problem of incomplete geological data and poor heat storage applicability of the matrix with veins, the calculation method for estimating the amount of the recoverable resources of the geothermal field mainly has the following technical effects:
(1) Is suitable for the farmland with vein-shaped bedrock heat Chu Dere. At present, a determination method for the amount of available resources in geothermal fields with pulse structures in Jiaodong areas is not available, the form of geothermal Tian Rechu controlled by a plurality of fracture structures is generally irregular, and the heat storage thickness and the heat storage area cannot be accurately determined. The method does not need to calculate irregular space morphology of heat storage, can be suitable for geothermal fields controlled by a plurality of fracture structures, and is also suitable for geothermal fields with layered heat storage.
(2) The geological data of the geothermal field is low in requirement. The method does not need huge historical dynamic monitoring data, and the hydrogeologic parameters are simple. After geothermal geological investigation, the amount of geothermal recoverable resources can be determined by adopting a recharging method. And the geothermal geological investigation time cost and the fund cost are effectively saved.
(3) The operation method is simple and easy to implement. The calculation method is simple, and the amount of the recoverable resources of the geothermal water can be calculated by only adopting the proportion of the nitrate. The method is simple and easy to implement and easy to copy, is suitable for evaluating geothermal fields of single and multiple exploitation wells, and can also be used in layered and pulse-shaped thermal storage geothermal fields.
(4) The recharging method can prolong the service life of the geothermal field and realize the regeneration of resources. The recharging fluid becomes geothermal water resource, achieves the aim of resource regeneration, maintains the exploitation condition of geothermal, maintains a thermal reservoir, prolongs the service life of a geothermal field, realizes effective protection of geothermal resource, and promotes the development and utilization mode of geothermal resource to change from rough type to intensive type.
In addition, the application is verified in Wen Danshang and Shang Cunshang geothermal fields, and the comparison analysis of the results of the methods such as numerical simulation and the like shows that the method has higher accuracy, and can provide a new thought for the evaluation of geothermal resources of the heat storage of the gangue-shaped bedrock in the Jiaodong area.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calculating the recoverable resources of geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage is characterized in that,
Setting a recharging well and a production well, wherein the depth dimension of the recharging well is larger than that of the production well, the recharging well is positioned at the upstream of the groundwater flow field, the production well is positioned at the downstream of the groundwater flow field, and the recharging well and the production well are communicated with the same stratum thermal storage;
recharging water is injected into the stratum thermal storage through the recharging well and flows along the stratum thermal storage after being mixed with geothermal water, and part of mixed hot water is pumped out through the exploitation well;
obtaining recharging quantity Q Returning to of recharging water in the recharging well, wherein the unit of recharging quantity Q Returning to is m 3/d, obtaining geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine in the exploitation well, and the unit of geothermal water exploitation quantity Q Drawing machine is m 3/d;
Wherein ω Drawing machine 、ω Returning to 、Q Drawing machine 、Q Returning to is monitored every 20min, 30min, 60min, 120min until the geothermal water production Q Drawing machine =the recharging amount Q Returning to , stopping the recharging water injection into the recharging well to satisfy the mining-irrigation balance condition;
Obtaining nitrate concentration omega Returning to of recharging water in the recharging well, wherein the unit of the nitrate concentration omega Returning to of the recharging water is mg/L;
Obtaining the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water in the production well, wherein the unit of the nitrate concentration omega Drawing machine of the produced geothermal water is mg/L;
Obtaining nitrate concentration omega Heat of the body of the in-situ hot water;
Determining geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body according to a geothermal fluid recoverable quantity calculation formula, wherein:
Q Heat of the body =（Q Drawing machine ω Drawing machine -Q Returning to ω Returning to ）/ω Heat of the body ；
Determining a scale factor n of the geothermal fluid recoverable resource quantity Q Heat of the body and the recharging quantity Q Returning to of the recharging water, wherein:
The scaling factor n=q Heat of the body /Q Returning to .
2. The method for calculating the recoverable resources of the geothermal fluid with pulse heat storage according to claim 1, wherein the recharging well is provided with a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a nitrate concentration monitor, and the recovering well is provided with a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a nitrate concentration monitor.
3. The method for calculating the recoverable resource of the thermal fluid with pulse heat storage according to claim 1, wherein a submersible pump and a water pumping pipe are arranged in the recovery well, and the recovery geothermal water in the recovery well is pumped through the submersible pump and the water pumping pipe.
4. The method of calculating the amount of recoverable geothermal fluid resources with pulse heat storage of claim 1, wherein the recharge pressure of the recharge water injected into the thermal reservoir of the formation via the recharge well increases gradually from small to large.
5. The method of calculating the amount of recoverable resources of a thermal fluid with heat storage of claim 1, wherein the nitrate concentration ω Heat of the body of the in situ hot water is obtained by pumping test of a geothermal well.
6. The method for calculating the amount of the recoverable geothermal fluid resources with pulse heat storage according to claim 2, wherein the nitrate concentration ω Drawing machine of the recovered geothermal water and the nitrate concentration ω Returning to of the recycled water are analyzed synchronously on line by the nitrate concentration monitor.
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