CN117402730B - Temperature control device for PCR detection and PCR instrument - Google Patents

Temperature control device for PCR detection and PCR instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117402730B
CN117402730B CN202311719145.2A CN202311719145A CN117402730B CN 117402730 B CN117402730 B CN 117402730B CN 202311719145 A CN202311719145 A CN 202311719145A CN 117402730 B CN117402730 B CN 117402730B
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temperature control
heat
control device
pcr detection
sample
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CN117402730A (en
Inventor
马永跃
何伟
常庆生
朱信
郭旻
姚克迪
谭玉坤
王伟男
吴芳华
孙泽宇
李炯
高展
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Kunpeng Gene Beijing Scientific Instrument Co ltd
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Rocgene Tecnology Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L7/00Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
    • B01L7/52Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0627Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
    • B01L2300/0654Lenses; Optical fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1838Means for temperature control using fluid heat transfer medium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1894Cooling means; Cryo cooling

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a temperature control device for PCR detection and a PCR instrument, wherein the temperature control device for PCR detection comprises at least one temperature control module, and one temperature control module comprises a plurality of temperature control modules which are configured to be respectively placed in sample tubes for storing samples to be detected; the temperature control module comprises a positioning piece and a temperature control element, wherein the positioning piece is provided with a first accommodating cavity which penetrates through the positioning piece and is used for providing a placing position for the sample tube; the temperature control element is connected with the positioning piece and is used for heating or cooling the sample tube according to the replication and amplification stage of the sample to be detected so as to create a corresponding temperature environment for the sample to be detected. According to the invention, each sample to be detected can be independently temperature-controlled, and the output speed of the detection results of a large number of samples to be detected can be effectively increased along with the detection.

Description

Temperature control device for PCR detection and PCR instrument
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of molecular diagnosis, in particular to a temperature control device for PCR detection and a PCR instrument.
Background
The molecular diagnosis technique is a technique for diagnosing a human state and a disease by detecting the presence, defect or abnormal expression of a gene using a molecular biological technique using DNA and RNA as diagnostic materials. The basic principle is to detect whether the structure of DNA or RNA is changed, the quantity of DNA or RNA is more or less and the expression function is abnormal, so as to determine whether the detected person has abnormal change of gene level, and the method has important significance for preventing, predicting, diagnosing, treating and prognosis of diseases. All molecular biology-level-based methodological techniques are colloquially simple, and belong to the group of molecular diagnostic techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction techniques (also known as PCR techniques), gene sequencing techniques, and the like.
The polymerase chain reaction (Polymerase chain reaction, PCR) technique is a molecular biological technique for amplifying a specific DNA fragment (gene to be tested) of a sample to be tested, i.e. a specific in vitro amplification process of the DNA fragment. The basic principle is similar to the natural replication process of DNA, consisting of three basic reaction steps of denaturation-annealing-extension: the three processes of denaturation of template DNA, annealing (renaturation) of the template DNA and a primer, extension of the primer and repeated cycle denaturation, annealing and extension can obtain more half-reserved copy chains, and the new chain can become a template for the next cycle.
The real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, qPCR) is to add a reporter group for a specific DNA fragment in a PCR reaction system of a sample to be detected, when the specific DNA fragment undergoes one reaction cycle (namely after undergoing one replication), the fluorescent signal intensity emitted by the reporter group is enhanced once, the real-time monitoring of the change of the reaction product quantity is realized by detecting the change of the fluorescent signal intensity after each reaction cycle, and qualitative and quantitative analysis can be performed on the sample to be detected according to the monitoring result.
At present, a PCR instrument is a key instrument for realizing a PCR technology, but once the existing high-throughput PCR instrument starts to run an experiment, the experiment cannot be suspended to add a new sample to be detected, otherwise, the performed experiment is influenced, the sample to be detected added later cannot be subjected to a complete detection experiment, so that batch detection experiments can not be started when the number of the samples to be detected is accumulated to be enough, follow-up detection of the samples to be detected cannot be realized, the time required for outputting detection results of the samples to be detected is too long, and excessive time is wasted on collecting the samples to be detected in batches, so that pathological analysis of patients is not facilitated in time; while the existing on-line detection type PCR instrument can realize on-line detection of samples to be detected, the type PCR instrument can only realize detection of single samples to be detected at a time, the detection flux is too low, and the type PCR instrument still cannot guarantee timeliness of output of detection results of the samples to be detected for use scenes of huge number of samples to be detected in hospitals.
Aiming at the problem that a PCR instrument in the related art cannot realize the detection of a large number of samples to be detected at any time, no effective solution is provided at present.
Therefore, the inventor provides a temperature control device and a PCR instrument for PCR detection by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature control device for PCR detection and a PCR instrument, which can independently control the temperature of each sample to be detected, and can meet the demand of the sample to be detected on-line detection even under the condition of huge number of samples to be detected, thereby effectively accelerating the output speed of the detection result of the sample to be detected.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following scheme:
the invention provides a temperature control device for PCR detection, which comprises at least one temperature control module, wherein one temperature control module comprises a plurality of temperature control modules which are configured to be respectively placed in sample tubes for storing samples to be detected, and the temperature control modules can respectively perform temperature adjustment so as to respectively copy and amplify the samples to be detected added into the corresponding sample tubes;
the temperature control module includes:
the positioning piece is provided with a first accommodating cavity penetrating through the positioning piece, and the first accommodating cavity is used for providing a placement position for the sample tube;
the temperature control element is connected with the positioning piece and is used for heating or cooling the sample tube according to the replication and amplification stage of the sample to be detected so as to create a corresponding temperature environment for the sample to be detected.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the area of the temperature control element can overlap with the axially extending area of the first accommodating cavity, so that at least a portion of the heating air flow or the cooling air flow generated by the temperature control element directly enters the first accommodating cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control module further includes a heat transfer element, the heat transfer element has a second accommodating cavity penetrating through the heat transfer element, the heat transfer element is disposed in the first accommodating cavity in a penetrating manner, so that the second accommodating cavity and the first accommodating cavity are in a sleeve structure, and the sample tube can pass through a top opening of the first accommodating cavity and a top opening of the second accommodating cavity and be disposed in the second accommodating cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the heat transfer member is provided with an extension portion extending away from the heat transfer member and having a plate shape;
the temperature control module further comprises a heat conduction connecting sheet, the temperature control element, the heat conduction connecting sheet and the extension portion are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and the temperature control element, the heat conduction connecting sheet and the extension portion are attached to each other on corresponding connecting surfaces.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control module further includes an optical fiber for transmitting excitation light and emission light, a first end of the optical fiber sequentially passes through the positioning element and the heat transfer element and extends to a position where the sample tube is located, and a second end of the optical fiber is used for externally connecting an optical detection device, and the optical detection device is used for emitting excitation light and receiving emission light generated by the sample to be tested.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a heat dissipating device corresponding to the temperature control module, and at least part of the temperature control elements in the temperature control module are connected to the heat dissipating device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipating device includes a heat conducting block and a heat dissipating fin, the heat conducting block is provided with a heat dissipating tube through which a refrigerant medium can flow, and the heat dissipating fin is provided on the heat dissipating tube.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a recess is disposed on a side of the heat conducting block opposite to the temperature control module, at least a portion of the heat dissipating tube is located in the recess, and a portion of the heat dissipating tube located in the recess extends along an arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the heat dissipating tube is located outside the recess, and the heat dissipating fin is sleeved on a portion of the heat dissipating tube located outside the recess;
the radiating fin comprises a plurality of radiating fins which are stacked and are arranged in a clearance mode.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the heat dissipating tubes is plural, and at least a part of the heat dissipating tubes have overlapping sections therebetween in an arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a receiving channel is disposed on the heat conducting block and near the temperature control module, and a temperature equalizing heat pipe extending along the arrangement direction of the temperature control modules is disposed in the receiving channel, and the temperature equalizing heat pipe adjusts the temperature at the corresponding position according to the temperature of the temperature control modules, so as to assist the temperature control element to control the temperature of the temperature control modules.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further comprises:
the drainage air duct is provided with a fan;
the positioning structure is located one side of the drainage air duct, the positioning structure comprises a plurality of drainage plates which are distributed along the extending direction of the drainage air duct at intervals, a cooling space is formed between every two adjacent drainage plates, the cooling space is communicated with the drainage air duct, a plurality of temperature control modules are distributed on the drainage air duct along the extending direction of the drainage air duct, and a plurality of radiating fins on the temperature control modules are respectively located in the corresponding cooling space.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of mounting blocks are disposed on the drainage air duct and along the extension direction of the drainage air duct at intervals, and the plurality of temperature control modules are connected with the corresponding mounting blocks.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes an air inlet cover, the interior of the air inlet cover is communicated with the drainage air duct, and an air inlet is provided on the air inlet cover;
the positioning structure is provided with an air outlet at one side far away from the drainage air duct, so that cooling air flows from the air inlet to the inside of the air inlet cover, the drainage air duct and the cooling space are sequentially discharged from the air outlet.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a partition is disposed between two adjacent temperature control modules.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a plurality of independent circuit boards and a master control circuit board, the plurality of independent circuit boards are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules, control signal output ends of the independent circuit boards are respectively electrically connected with control ends of the temperature control elements in the plurality of temperature control modules in the corresponding temperature control modules, and control signal output ends of the master control circuit board are electrically connected with control signal receiving ends of the plurality of independent circuit boards.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a plurality of light shielding covers, the light shielding covers and the temperature control modules are in one-to-one correspondence, and the light shielding covers are disposed above the corresponding temperature control modules.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a support frame and a support plate, wherein the support plate is disposed above the support frame, the plurality of temperature control modules are disposed below the support plate, and the support plate is provided with a plurality of perforations corresponding to the plurality of temperature control modules one by one.
The invention provides a PCR instrument, which comprises the temperature control device for PCR detection.
From the above, the temperature control device for PCR detection and the PCR instrument of the invention have the characteristics and advantages that: the temperature control module comprises a plurality of temperature control modules, each temperature control module is configured to be capable of independently placing sample tubes, each sample tube can be used for independently storing samples to be detected, the plurality of temperature control modules can be used for independently and stably placing the sample tubes through respective positioning pieces, temperature control elements which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pieces and are connected with the positioning pieces can independently heat or cool the sample tubes according to the copying and amplifying stages of different samples to be detected, so that the samples to be detected added into the corresponding sample tubes are independently and quickly copied and amplified, the samples to be detected are subjected to detection along with the detection, the requirements of the samples to be detected along with the detection can still be met even if the number of the samples to be detected is huge and the samples to be detected cannot be detected at the same time, the samples to be detected need not to be detected immediately wait, the speed of the output of the detection results of the samples to be detected is greatly accelerated, meanwhile, the experiment progress of the samples to be detected is not influenced, the output speed of the detection results of the samples to be detected is effectively accelerated, and more efficient and more instant PCR detection is realized.
Drawings
The following drawings are only for purposes of illustration and explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1: one of the structural schematic diagrams of a temperature control module in the temperature control device for PCR detection is provided;
fig. 2: an explosion diagram of a temperature control module in the temperature control device for PCR detection;
fig. 3: a second schematic diagram of a temperature control module in the temperature control device for PCR detection of the invention;
fig. 4: the temperature control device is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between a temperature control module and a drainage channel in the temperature control device for PCR detection;
fig. 5: the structure diagram of the drainage channel in the temperature control device for PCR detection is provided;
fig. 6: one of the schematic diagrams of the position relationship between a plurality of temperature control modules and a drainage channel in the temperature control device for PCR detection;
fig. 7: the second schematic diagram of the position relationship between a plurality of temperature control modules and a drainage channel in the temperature control device for PCR detection is provided;
fig. 8: is a schematic structural diagram of the PCR instrument.
The reference numerals in the invention are:
1. a temperature control module;
11. a temperature control module;
111. a positioning piece;
1111. a first receiving channel;
112. a heat transfer member;
1121. a second receiving channel;
1122. an extension part;
113. a heat conductive connecting sheet;
1131. a through hole;
114. a temperature control element;
115. an optical fiber;
2. a sample tube;
3. a heat sink;
31. a heat conduction block;
311. a concave portion;
312. a heat radiating pipe;
313. an accommodation channel;
314. a temperature equalizing heat pipe;
32. a heat dissipation fin;
321. a heat sink;
4. a drainage air duct;
41. a mounting block;
5. a fan;
6. a positioning structure;
61. a drainage plate;
62. cooling the space;
63. an air outlet;
7. an air inlet cover;
71. an air inlet;
8. an independent circuit board;
9. a master control circuit board;
10. a support frame;
12. a light shielding cover;
13. and a support plate.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a temperature control device for PCR detection, which includes at least one temperature control module 1, one temperature control module 1 includes a plurality of temperature control modules 11 configured to respectively mount sample tubes 2 for storing samples to be detected, and the plurality of temperature control modules 11 are respectively temperature-adjustable to respectively copy and amplify the samples to be detected added to the corresponding sample tubes 2.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the temperature control device for PCR detection is shown to have 100 temperature control modules 11 (of course, more or less temperature control modules may be used, and the specific number is not limited in the present invention), each temperature control module 11 is configured to receive one sample tube 2 containing a sample to be detected at a time, after receiving the sample tube 2, the corresponding temperature control module 11 executes an amplification experiment program (repeatedly raising and lowering the temperature according to a preset condition) to complete the amplification process of the sample to be detected in the sample tube 2, and other temperature control modules 11 not receiving the sample tube 2 are in a shutdown state (i.e. not raising and lowering the temperature) until receiving the sample tube 2.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, one temperature control module 1 includes 5 temperature control modules 11, and the 5 temperature control modules 11 in the temperature control module 1 are each independently temperature-adjusted and may share a set of heat dissipation devices. Of course, one temperature control module 1 may further include any other number of temperature control modules 11, which may be adjusted according to the number of samples to be measured, and the specific number of temperature control modules 11 is not limited herein.
In the temperature control device for PCR detection of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the temperature control module 11 includes a positioning piece 111 and a temperature control element 114, the positioning piece 111 is in a vertically arranged tubular shape, the positioning piece 111 is provided with a first accommodating cavity 1111 penetrating through the positioning piece 111, the first accommodating cavity 1111 is used for providing a placement position for a sample tube 2, the sample tube 2 is located in the first accommodating cavity 1111, the temperature control element 114 is connected with the positioning piece 111, and the temperature control element 114 is used for heating or cooling the sample tube 2 according to a replication and amplification stage of a sample to be detected so as to create a corresponding temperature environment for the sample to be detected. Wherein the positioning member 111 is made of a heat insulating material. The positioning piece 111 can play a role in positioning the sample tube 2, so that the sample tube 2 can be quickly placed in place; on the other hand, the positioning piece 111 has heat insulation capability, so that heat transmission between two adjacent temperature control modules 11 can be prevented, independence of samples to be detected in two adjacent sample tubes 2 in the detection process is ensured, and the situation that the samples to be detected in different time opening detection experiments receive heat or lose heat at incorrect time due to heat transmission and influence the accuracy of detection results is avoided.
Further, the temperature control element 114 may employ, but is not limited to, peltier.
In the invention, at least one temperature control module 1 is provided, and one temperature control module 1 comprises a plurality of temperature control modules 11, each temperature control module 11 is configured to be capable of independently placing a sample tube 2, each sample tube 2 is capable of independently storing a sample to be tested, the plurality of temperature control modules 11 can realize independent and stable placement of the sample tubes 2 through respective positioning pieces 111, temperature control elements 114 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pieces 111 and are connected with each other can independently heat or cool the sample tubes 2 according to the replication and amplification stages of different samples to be tested, the sample to be detected added into the corresponding sample tube 2 is subjected to independent and rapid copying and amplification respectively, so that the follow-up detection of the sample to be detected is realized, the requirement of the sample to be detected on the follow-up detection can still be met even under the condition that the number of the sample to be detected is huge and the sample to be detected cannot be detected at the same time, the sample to be detected which is sent immediately does not need to wait, the speed of outputting the detection result of the sample to be detected is greatly accelerated, meanwhile, the experimental process of the sample to be detected which is started first is not influenced, the output speed of the detection result of the sample to be detected is effectively accelerated, and more efficient and instant PCR detection is realized.
For example, in a hospital, the time for the detection of the samples to be detected of different patients is different, the samples to be detected of different time for the detection can be detected along with the detection, on the one hand, the device is different from the traditional high-throughput PCR instrument, the detection is not needed to be started after the quantity of the samples to be detected is accumulated, and the device is also different from the traditional along with the detection PCR instrument, the detection of the next sample to be detected can be performed after the detection of the previous sample to be detected is not needed, so that the speed of the output of the detection result of the samples to be detected is greatly increased, and the device is convenient for carrying out timely pathological analysis on patients.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the area of the temperature control element 114 can overlap with the axially extending area of the first accommodating cavity 1111, so that at least a portion of the heating air flow or the cooling air flow generated by the temperature control element 114 directly enters the first accommodating cavity 1111, thereby improving the heating or cooling effect on the sample to be tested and improving the detection efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the temperature control module 11 further includes a heat transfer element 112, and a heat conductive connecting piece 113, where the heat transfer element 112 is in a vertically disposed tube shape, the heat transfer element 112 has a second accommodating cavity 1121 penetrating through the heat transfer element 112, and the heat transfer element 112 is penetrating through the first accommodating cavity 1111, so that the second accommodating cavity 1121 and the first accommodating cavity 1111 are in a sleeve structure, and the sample tube 2 may penetrate through a top opening of the first accommodating cavity 1111 and a top opening of the second accommodating cavity 1121 and be placed in the second accommodating cavity 1121. The bottom of the heat transfer element 112 is provided with an extension 1122 which extends away from the heat transfer element 112 and is plate-shaped, the temperature control element 114, the heat conduction connecting piece 113 and the extension 1122 are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the temperature control element 114, the heat conduction connecting piece 113 and the extension 1122 are attached to each other on corresponding connection surfaces, and the heat conduction connecting piece 113 is provided with a through hole 1131 communicated with the second accommodating cavity 1121, so that heat generated by the temperature control element 114 can quickly enter the second accommodating cavity 1121 or heat in the second accommodating cavity 1121 can be quickly discharged, and the detection efficiency can be improved. In use, sample tube 2 is placed in second receiving channel 1121, and when temperature control element 114 is warmed, heat is transferred to the sample to be measured in sample tube 2 via heat transfer element 112; when the temperature control element 114 is cooled, heat can be discharged from the sample tube 2 to the external environment through the heat dissipation device 3 below the temperature control module 1.
Further, the heat conductive connecting piece 113 may be, but is not limited to, a heat conductive film, wherein a top surface of the heat conductive film is attached to a bottom surface of the extension 1122, and a bottom surface of the heat conductive film is attached to a top surface of the temperature control element 114.
When the sample tube 2 is placed in the heat transfer element 112, the sample to be tested in the sample tube 2 is just in the second accommodating cavity 1121, and external heat can be conducted from the periphery of the heat transfer element 112 to the sample to be tested, so that the heating rate and the cooling rate of the sample to be tested are both faster. The heat conducting film is attached between the heat transfer element 112 and the temperature control element 114, so that the heat transfer efficiency can be improved through the heat conducting film, and the heat conducting film is arranged because any one plane cannot form an absolutely smooth plane (the surface of the heat conducting film can be provided with fine pits and/or bulges), when the two planes are attached to each other, gaps exist between the two planes, and the heat transfer efficiency between the two planes can not be completely attached.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the temperature control module 11 further includes an optical fiber 115 for transmitting excitation light and emission light, two ends of the optical fiber 115 are a first end and a second end, respectively, the first end of the optical fiber 115 sequentially passes through the positioning element 111 and the heat transfer element 112 and extends to the position of the sample tube 2, and the second end of the optical fiber 115 is used for externally connecting an optical detection device (not shown), and the optical detection device is used for emitting excitation light and receiving emission light generated by the sample to be tested. In the use process, the optical fiber 115 is used for transmitting excitation light and emission light between the sample tube 2 and the optical detection device, namely, the excitation light emitted by the optical detection device is transmitted to the sample to be detected in the sample tube 2 through the optical fiber 115, the sample to be detected is excited to generate emission light, the emission light generated by the sample to be detected is transmitted back to the optical detection device through the optical fiber 115, and the optical detection device collects, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes the emission light, so that the amplification condition of the sample to be detected can be obtained. The optical detection device may be an existing optical detection device that may be used to emit excitation light and receive emitted light, and the specific structure of the optical detection device is not limited herein.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a heat sink 3 corresponding to the temperature control module 1, and at least part of the positions of the temperature control elements 114 in the temperature control module 1 are connected to the heat sink 3. The heat dissipating device 3 includes a heat conducting block 31 and heat dissipating fins 32, the heat conducting block 31 is provided with a heat dissipating tube 312 through which a refrigerant medium can flow, and the heat dissipating fins 32 are disposed on the heat dissipating tube 312.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a recess 311 is disposed on a side of the heat conducting block 31 opposite to the temperature control module 1 (e.g. a bottom of the heat conducting block 31 in fig. 3), the recess 311 extends along a length direction of the heat conducting block 31, at least a portion of the heat dissipating tubes 312 is located in the recess 311, and a portion of the heat dissipating tubes 312 located in the recess 311 extends along an arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules 11. The wall of the radiating tube 312 may contact the inner wall of the concave portion 311 to improve heat transfer and radiating efficiency. At least part of the radiating pipes 312 are positioned outside the concave parts 311, and the radiating fins 32 are sleeved on the part of the radiating pipes 312 positioned outside the concave parts 311; the heat dissipation fin 32 includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins 321 stacked and arranged in a gap. When the temperature control module 11 is in a cooling state, the heat of the sample to be tested in the sample tube 2 is firstly conducted to the heat conducting block 31, then conducted to the heat dissipating tube 312, finally conducted to the heat dissipating fins 32 through the heat dissipating tube 312 and dispersed into the external environment.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the heat dissipation fins 32 are simultaneously disposed on the plurality of heat dissipation tubes 312, so as to improve the utilization rate of the heat dissipation fins 32 while ensuring a good heat dissipation effect. Of course, each heat dissipation tube 312 may be provided with a heat dissipation fin 32 (i.e., one heat dissipation fin 32 is disposed on one heat dissipation tube 312).
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the number of the radiating pipes 312 is plural, and there is at least a partial overlapping section between the plurality of radiating pipes 312 in the arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules 11. As shown in fig. 3, the number of the heat dissipation tubes 312 is two, and a partially overlapped section is provided between the two heat dissipation tubes 312, wherein a partial section of one heat dissipation tube 312 is opposite to a partial temperature control module 11 in one temperature control module 1, so as to dissipate heat from the partial temperature control module 11, and a partial section of the other heat dissipation tube 312 is opposite to another partial temperature control module 11 in the same temperature control module 1, so as to dissipate heat from another partial temperature control module 11. The layout structure of the radiating pipe 312 can reduce the volume of the radiating device 3, and further can achieve the effect of shortening the whole length of the device.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, a receiving channel 313 is disposed on the heat conducting block 31 and near to the temperature control module 1, the receiving channel 313 extends along the arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules 11, a heat equalizing pipe 314 extending along the arrangement direction of the plurality of temperature control modules 11 is disposed in the receiving channel 313, a pipe wall of the heat equalizing pipe 314 contacts with an inner wall of the receiving channel 313, and the heat equalizing pipe 314 adjusts the temperature at a corresponding position thereof according to the temperature of the plurality of temperature control modules 11, so as to assist the temperature control element 114 to control the temperature of the plurality of temperature control modules 11, thereby achieving the purposes of fully utilizing heat and reducing energy consumption. Specifically, the working principle of the temperature equalizing heat pipe 314 is that the temperature of each position of the temperature equalizing heat pipe 314 can be adjusted in real time, so that the temperature of each position of the temperature equalizing heat pipe 314 is kept consistent, when one or more temperature control modules 11 in the temperature control module 1 are in a temperature rising state, and the other or more temperature control modules 11 are in a temperature reducing state, the heat of the temperature control module 11 in the temperature reducing state can be conducted to the position of the temperature control module 11 in the temperature rising state through the temperature equalizing heat pipe 314, so that the temperature equalizing heat pipe 314 and the temperature control element 114 corresponding to the temperature control module 11 in the temperature rising state cooperate to provide the heat required by temperature rising for the temperature control module 11, so that the energy consumption of the temperature control element 114 is reduced, the temperature rising rate is also accelerated, and meanwhile, the temperature control module 11 in the temperature reducing state is also facilitated to be quickly cooled, and the detection efficiency is improved. The temperature equalizing heat pipe 314 is an existing element, and the specific structure and working process thereof are not limited herein.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 8, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a drainage air duct 4 extending in a horizontal direction, a positioning structure 6 and an air inlet cover 7 located at one side of the drainage air duct 4, and a fan 5 is disposed on the drainage air duct 4 and located at one side of the positioning structure 6; the positioning structure 6 comprises a plurality of drainage plates 61 which are distributed along the extending direction of the drainage air duct 4 at intervals, the drainage plates 61 are vertically arranged, a cooling space 62 is formed between every two adjacent drainage plates 61, the cooling space 62 is communicated with the drainage air duct 4, a plurality of temperature control modules 1 are distributed on the drainage air duct 4 along the extending direction of the drainage air duct 4, and the heat dissipation fins 32 on the temperature control modules 1 are respectively located in the corresponding cooling spaces 62. The air inlet cover 7 is located the below in drainage wind channel 4, and the inside and the drainage wind channel 4 intercommunication of air inlet cover 7 are equipped with air intake 71 on the air inlet cover 7 and are close to fan 5 one side, and location structure 6 just has air outlet 63 in the one side of keeping away from drainage wind channel 4. Under the action of the fan 5, cooling air flows into the cooling spaces 62 from the air inlet 71, sequentially passes through the inside of the air inlet cover 7, the drainage air duct 4 and the cooling spaces 62, and is discharged from the air outlet 63, cold air can be simultaneously conveyed to all the heat dissipation fins 32 in the process, and under the drainage action of the drainage plate 61, the cold air respectively enters the cooling spaces 62 according to the preset direction of the drainage plate 61, so that the directional conveying of the cold air is realized, and the cooling effect of the cold air on the heat dissipation device 3 is improved. The fan 5 may be a cross flow fan, and the cross flow fan may deliver cool air with uniform and constant air speed to all the heat dissipation fins 32, so as to ensure that the temperature rising and lowering performances of the temperature control modules 11 in each temperature control module 1 are nearly consistent, and ensure the identity of all the sample detection environments to be detected.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of mounting blocks 41 are arranged on the drainage air duct 4 at intervals along the extending direction of the drainage air duct 4, the plurality of mounting blocks 41 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules 1, and the plurality of temperature control modules 1 are connected to the respective corresponding mounting blocks 41, wherein the temperature control modules 1 are detachably connected with the mounting blocks 41, so that the temperature control modules 1 can be replaced or maintained conveniently.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a partition is disposed between two adjacent temperature control modules 1, and the partition separates the two adjacent temperature control modules 1, so that the temperature control modules 1 and the corresponding cooling space 62 form a single cooling and heat dissipation channel, and the plurality of cooling and heat dissipation channels are separated from each other to avoid mutual influence.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a plurality of independent circuit boards 8 and a master control circuit board 9, where the plurality of independent circuit boards 8 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules 1, and control signal output ends of the independent circuit boards 8 are respectively electrically connected to control ends of temperature control elements 114 in the plurality of temperature control modules 11 in the corresponding temperature control modules 1, and control signal output ends of the master control circuit board 9 are electrically connected to control signal receiving ends of the plurality of independent circuit boards 8. The independent circuit boards 8 are used for controlling the temperature control elements 114 in the corresponding temperature control modules 11, and the total control circuit board 9 is used for controlling all the independent circuit boards 8, and the total control circuit board 9 is detachably connected with each independent circuit board 8, so that when a certain temperature control module 11 needs to be replaced and maintained, only a single temperature control module 11 or the temperature control module 1 where the temperature control module 11 is located needs to be detached and replaced, and other temperature control modules 11 can still work normally.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a plurality of light shielding covers 12, where the plurality of light shielding covers 12 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules 11, and the plurality of light shielding covers 12 are respectively covered above the corresponding temperature control modules 11, so that the sample tube 2 is in a closed environment, on one hand, external environmental light can be prevented from being injected into the sample tube 2 when an amplification experiment is performed, and influence on the detection result of the sample to be detected is avoided; on the other hand, excitation light or emission light can be prevented from being emitted to other sample tubes 2 from the sample tube 2, and influence on detection results of samples to be detected in the other sample tubes 2 is avoided.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the temperature control device for PCR detection further includes a support frame 10 and a support plate 13, at least a portion of the heat dissipation device 3 may be disposed in the support frame 10 for supporting and placing, the support plate 13 is disposed above the support frame 10, the plurality of temperature control modules 11 are disposed below the support plate 13, the support plate 13 has a plurality of through holes corresponding to the plurality of temperature control modules 11 one by one, and the positioning members 111 in the plurality of temperature control modules 11 are respectively disposed in the corresponding through holes to realize positioning of the positioning members 111.
The temperature control device for PCR detection has the characteristics and advantages that:
1. in the temperature control device for PCR detection, a plurality of independent temperature control modules 11 are arranged, and independent heating or cooling treatment can be carried out on the sample tube 2 according to the replication and amplification stages of different samples to be detected, so that independent and rapid replication and amplification are carried out on the samples to be detected added into the corresponding sample tube 2, the follow-up detection of the samples to be detected is realized, the requirement of the samples to be detected on the follow-up detection can still be met even if the number of the samples to be detected is huge and the samples to be detected cannot be carried out at the same time, the instant sent samples to be detected do not need to wait, the speed of the output of the detection results of the samples to be detected is greatly accelerated, meanwhile, the experimental process of the samples to be detected which are detected is started first is not influenced, the output speed of the detection results of the samples to be detected is effectively accelerated, and more efficient and instant PCR detection is realized.
2. In the temperature control device for PCR detection, the temperature control modules 11 in the temperature control module 1 can avoid the influence of temperature change on a sample to be detected, ensure the accuracy of detection results, effectively improve the heat conduction efficiency and provide a better detection environment for the sample to be detected.
3. In the temperature control device for PCR detection, the plurality of temperature control modules 11 can share one heat dissipation device 3, and cold air sources are provided for the plurality of heat dissipation devices 3 through one drainage air duct 4, so that the heat dissipation efficiency can be effectively improved.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 8, the present invention provides a PCR apparatus including the temperature control device for PCR detection described above.
The PCR instrument has the characteristics and advantages of the temperature control device for PCR detection, and the details are not repeated here.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of this invention, and are intended to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims (16)

1. A temperature control device for PCR detection, characterized in that the temperature control device for PCR detection comprises at least one temperature control module, one temperature control module comprises a plurality of temperature control modules configured to be respectively and independently placed on sample tubes for storing samples to be detected, and the plurality of temperature control modules can respectively and independently perform temperature adjustment so as to respectively copy and amplify the samples to be detected added into the corresponding sample tubes;
the temperature control module includes:
the positioning piece is provided with a first accommodating cavity penetrating through the positioning piece, and the first accommodating cavity is used for providing a placement position for the sample tube;
the temperature control elements are in one-to-one correspondence with the positioning pieces and are connected with each other, and the temperature control elements are used for independently heating or cooling the sample tube according to the replication and amplification stage of the sample to be detected so as to create a corresponding temperature environment for the sample to be detected;
at least part of the area of the temperature control element can be overlapped with the axial extension area of the first accommodating cavity so that at least part of heating air flow or refrigerating air flow generated by the temperature control element directly enters the first accommodating cavity;
the temperature control module further comprises a heat transfer element, the heat transfer element is provided with a second accommodating cavity channel penetrating through the heat transfer element, the heat transfer element penetrates through the first accommodating cavity channel, so that the second accommodating cavity channel and the first accommodating cavity channel are of sleeve structures, and the sample tube can penetrate through the top opening of the first accommodating cavity channel and the top opening of the second accommodating cavity channel and is placed in the second accommodating cavity channel.
2. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 1, wherein an extension portion having a plate shape and extending in a direction away from the heat transfer member is provided at a bottom of the heat transfer member;
the temperature control module further comprises a heat conduction connecting sheet, the temperature control element, the heat conduction connecting sheet and the extension portion are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and the temperature control element, the heat conduction connecting sheet and the extension portion are attached to each other on corresponding connecting surfaces.
3. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising a heat sink corresponding to the temperature control module, wherein at least part of the positions of the temperature control elements in the temperature control module are in contact with the heat sink.
4. The temperature control device for PCR detection as set forth in claim 3, wherein said heat dissipating device comprises a heat conducting block and heat dissipating fins, said heat conducting block being provided with a heat dissipating tube through which a refrigerant medium can flow, said heat dissipating fins being provided on said heat dissipating tube.
5. The temperature control device for PCR detection as set forth in claim 4, wherein a recess is provided on a side of said heat conducting block opposite to said temperature control module, at least a portion of said heat dissipating tubes are located in said recess, and a portion of said heat dissipating tubes located in said recess extend along an arrangement direction of said plurality of temperature control modules.
6. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 5, wherein at least a part of said heat dissipating tube is located outside said concave portion, and said heat dissipating fin is fitted over a part of said heat dissipating tube located outside said concave portion;
the radiating fin comprises a plurality of radiating fins which are stacked and are arranged in a clearance mode.
7. The temperature control device for PCR detection as set forth in claim 5, wherein the number of said heat dissipating tubes is plural, and at least a partially overlapping section is provided between said plurality of heat dissipating tubes in the direction of arrangement of said plurality of temperature control modules.
8. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 5, wherein a receiving channel is provided on the heat conducting block and near the temperature control module, a heat equalizing pipe extending along the arrangement direction of the temperature control modules is provided in the receiving channel, and the heat equalizing pipe adjusts the temperature at the corresponding position according to the temperature of the temperature control modules so as to assist the temperature control element to control the temperature of the temperature control modules.
9. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 4, further comprising:
the drainage air duct is provided with a fan;
the positioning structure is located one side of the drainage air duct, the positioning structure comprises a plurality of drainage plates which are distributed along the extending direction of the drainage air duct at intervals, a cooling space is formed between every two adjacent drainage plates, the cooling space is communicated with the drainage air duct, a plurality of temperature control modules are distributed on the drainage air duct along the extending direction of the drainage air duct, and a plurality of radiating fins on the temperature control modules are respectively located in the corresponding cooling space.
10. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of mounting blocks are arranged on the drainage air duct at intervals along the extension direction of the drainage air duct, and a plurality of temperature control modules are connected with the corresponding mounting blocks.
11. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 9, further comprising an air inlet cover, wherein the air inlet cover is communicated with the drainage air duct, and an air inlet is formed in the air inlet cover;
the positioning structure is provided with an air outlet at one side far away from the drainage air duct, so that cooling air flows from the air inlet to the inside of the air inlet cover, the drainage air duct and the cooling space are sequentially discharged from the air outlet.
12. The temperature control device for PCR detection as set forth in claim 9, wherein a partition is provided between two adjacent ones of said temperature control modules.
13. The temperature control device for PCR detection as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of independent circuit boards and a master control circuit board, wherein the plurality of independent circuit boards are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules, control signal output ends of the independent circuit boards are respectively and electrically connected with control ends of the temperature control elements in the plurality of temperature control modules in the corresponding temperature control modules, and control signal output ends of the master control circuit board are electrically connected with control signal receiving ends of the plurality of independent circuit boards.
14. The temperature control device for PCR detection as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of light shielding covers, wherein the plurality of light shielding covers are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature control modules, and the plurality of light shielding covers are arranged above the corresponding temperature control modules.
15. The temperature control device for PCR detection according to claim 1, further comprising a supporting frame and a supporting plate, wherein the supporting plate is arranged above the supporting frame, a plurality of temperature control modules are arranged below the supporting plate, and a plurality of perforations corresponding to the temperature control modules one by one are arranged on the supporting plate.
16. A PCR instrument comprising a temperature control device for PCR detection according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
CN202311719145.2A 2023-12-14 2023-12-14 Temperature control device for PCR detection and PCR instrument Active CN117402730B (en)

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CN111057638A (en) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-24 北京致雨生物科技有限公司 Sample processing device and method, and digital PCR system including the same
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