CN116965614A

CN116965614A - Outsole for shoe

Info

Publication number: CN116965614A
Application number: CN202310476098.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 本杰明·亚历山大·汤姆森特; 哈里·迈尔斯; 丹尼尔·鲁伊斯; 斯特拉希尼亚·斯帕西克; 阿尔诺·圣胡安·罗马; 托拜厄斯·比格尔; 巴普蒂斯特·塔伦; 罗伯特·施廷科姆; 斯特凡·施耐德; 马瑞克·恩格尔; 汉内斯·舍夫克; 尤尔根·魏德尔
Original assignee: Adidas AG
Current assignee: Adidas AG
Priority date: 2022-04-29
Filing date: 2023-04-28
Publication date: 2023-10-31

Abstract

An outsole for a shoe, the outsole comprising first and second sole sections that at least partially overlap. The first sole section may include at least one cleat and be disposed at least in a midfoot portion of the outsole. The second sole section may include at least one cleat and be disposed at least on a toe portion of the outsole. In some embodiments, the outsole may include a first cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section and overlapping at least one first stud of the first or second sole section. In some embodiments, the outsole may include a second cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section and overlapping at least one second stud of the first or second sole section. In some embodiments, the outsole may be an outsole of a soccer shoe.

Description

Outsole for shoe

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to an outsole for a shoe, in particular a soccer shoe, a shoe comprising said outsole, and a method for manufacturing an outsole.

Background

When designing an outsole and/or a shoe of a shoe, a compromise is typically made between the different characteristics that the outsole and/or shoe should have. For example, soccer shoes with rigid outsoles may provide outstanding characteristics for high-speed running, however, rigid outsoles may result in reduced comfort. Accordingly, there is a continuing need for footwear designed to improve the overall performance of the outsole and/or the footwear.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure relates to an outsole of a shoe, such as an outsole of a soccer shoe, including a first sole section overlapping a second sole section. One or more cushioning elements may be disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section in the area where the first sole section and the second sole section overlap. The configuration of overlapping sole sections and/or cushioning elements may provide various advantageous effects described herein.

A first embodiment (I) of the present disclosure relates to an outsole (1) for a shoe (50), the outsole (1) comprising: a first sole section (2), which first sole section (2) comprises at least one spike (6 a, 6b, 7a,7 b) and is arranged at least in a midfoot portion (25) of the outsole (1); -a second sole section (3), which second sole section (3) comprises at least one spike and is arranged at least in a toe portion (20) of the outsole (1), wherein the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3) partly overlap; a first cushioning element (4) arranged between the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3), wherein the first cushioning element (4) overlaps at least one first spike (6 a, 6 b) of the first or second sole section (2, 3); and a second cushioning element (5) arranged between the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3), wherein the second cushioning element (5) overlaps at least one second stud (7 a,7 b) of the first or second sole section (2, 3). In a particular embodiment, the first embodiment relates to an outsole for a soccer shoe.

In a second embodiment (II), the first sole section (2) and/or the second sole section (3) according to the first embodiment (I) comprises at least one hole (8 a,8b,8c,9a,9b,9 c) which at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element (4) or the second cushioning element (5).

In a third embodiment (III), at least one hole (8 a,8b,8c,9a,9b,9 c) according to the second embodiment (II) comprises at least one bottom hole (8 b,9 b) adapted to expose the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) towards a surface on which the outsole (1) will be placed during normal use.

In a fourth embodiment (IV), at least one hole (8 a,8b,8c,9a,9b,9 c) according to the second embodiment (II) or the third embodiment (III) comprises at least one side hole (8 a, 8c,9a,9 c) adapted to expose the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) in a lateral foot direction of the outsole (1) or in a medial foot direction of the outsole (1).

In a fifth embodiment (V), the at least one hole (8 a,8b,8c,9a,9b,9 c) according to any of embodiments (II) - (IV) comprises at least one first hole (8 a,8b,8 c) at least partially overlapping the first cushioning element (4).

In a sixth embodiment (VI), the at least one hole (8 a, 8b, 8c, 9a, 9b, 9 c) according to any of embodiments (II) - (V) comprises at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c) at least partially overlapping the second cushioning element (5).

In a seventh embodiment (VII), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any of embodiments (I) - (VI) do not substantially extend beyond the area of the outsole (1) configured to support the metatarsal fat pad, as seen (100) from the heel portion (30) of the outsole (1). In a preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (VI) do not extend beyond the area of the outsole (1) configured to support the metatarsal fat pad, as seen (100) from the heel portion (30) of the outsole (1).

In an eighth embodiment (VIII), seen from the heel part (30) (100), the first sole section (2) according to the seventh embodiment (VII) extends beyond an area of the outsole (1) configured to support the metatarsal fat pad in a direction towards the toe part (20), which area has a reduced cross-section-a cross-section in an area overlapping the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) relative to the first sole section (2).

In a ninth embodiment (IX), at least one first spike (6 a,6 b) and at least one second spike (7 a,7 b) according to any of embodiments (I) - (VIII) are attached to the first sole section (2).

In a tenth embodiment (X), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (IX) comprises a thickness in the range from 1mm to 10mm, preferably from 2mm to 6mm.

In an eleventh embodiment (XI), the first cushioning element (4) according to any of embodiments (I) - (X) overlaps with two first cleats (6 a,6 b) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any of embodiments (I) - (X) overlaps with two second cleats (7 a,7 b). In a preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) according to any of embodiments (I) - (X) overlaps exactly two first cleats (6 a,6 b) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any of embodiments (I) - (X) overlaps exactly two second cleats (7 a,7 b). In a preferred embodiment, at least one bottom hole (8 b,9 b) according to the third embodiment (III) extends at least partially between two first studs (6 a,6 b) or between two second studs (7 a,7 b).

In a twelfth embodiment (XII), the first cushioning element (4) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XI) is arranged on a foot-medial portion of the outsole (1), and the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XI) is arranged on a foot-lateral portion of the outsole (1), wherein a minimum distance between the first cushioning element (4) and the second cushioning element (5) is in the range of 3mm to 20 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the minimum distance between the first cushioning element (4) and the second cushioning element (5) is in the range of 5mm to 15 mm.

In a thirteenth embodiment (XIII), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XII) are at least partially arranged in the midfoot portion (25). In a preferred embodiment, the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3) of the thirteenth embodiment (XIII) overlap in the midfoot portion (25). In another preferred embodiment, the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3) of the thirteenth embodiment (XIII) overlap in the toe portion (20).

In a fourteenth embodiment (XIV), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XIII) comprise a foam material.

In a fifteenth embodiment (XV), the first buffer element (4) and/or the second buffer element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XIV) comprises a 3D printing means. In a preferred embodiment, the 3D printing means is a 3D printed grid structure.

In a sixteenth embodiment (XVI), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XV) comprises a material having strain rate dependent (strain rate dependent) material behavior.

In a seventeenth embodiment (VXII), the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XVI) extends along 10% to 80% of the length of the outsole (1). In a preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XVI) extends along 15% to 70% of the length of the outsole (1). In a more preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XVI) extends along 20% to 60% of the length of the outsole (1). In a more preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XVI) extends along 25% to 50% of the length of the outsole (1). In a most preferred embodiment, the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XVI) extends along 30% to 40% of the length of the outsole (1).

In an eighteenth embodiment (XVIII), the distance between the last point of the outsole (1) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XVII) and the last point of the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) is between 30% and 60% of the length of the outsole (1). In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the last point of the outsole (1) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XVII) and the last point of the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) is between 35% and 55% of the length of the outsole (1). In a more preferred embodiment, the distance between the last point of the outsole (1) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XVII) and the last point of the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) is between 40% and 50% of the length of the outsole (1).

In a nineteenth embodiment (XIX), the first sole section (2) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XVIII) branches into at least two branches (10, 15) in a direction towards the toe portion (20) of the outsole (1), wherein each of the two branches at least partially overlaps with the second sole section (3), wherein the first branch (10) comprises at least one first stud (6 a,6 b) and at least partially accommodates the first cushioning element (4), and wherein the second branch (15) comprises at least one second stud (7 a,7 b) and at least partially accommodates the second cushioning element (5), wherein the first branch (10) extends along a foot-medial portion of the outsole (1) and the second branch (15) extends along a foot-lateral portion of the outsole (1).

In a twentieth embodiment (XX), the first branch (10) according to embodiments (V) and (XIX) comprises at least one first hole (8 a,8b,8 c), wherein the at least one first hole (8 a,8b,8 c) comprises a lateral foot hole (8 c) directed towards a lateral foot portion of the outsole (1) such that the first cushioning element (4) is exposed towards the second branch (15).

In a twenty-first embodiment (XXI), the second branch (15) according to one of the sixth embodiment (VI) and the nineteenth embodiment (XIX) or the twentieth embodiment (XX) comprises at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c), wherein the at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c) comprises a medial foot hole (9 c) directed towards a medial foot portion of the outsole (1) such that the second cushioning element (5) is exposed towards the first branch (10).

In a twenty-second embodiment (XXII), the first branch (10) according to the fifth embodiment (V) and any one of embodiments (XIX) - (XXI) comprises at least one first hole (8 a,8b,8 c), wherein the at least one first hole (8 a,8b,8 c) comprises a first bottom hole (8 b) such that the first cushioning element (4) is exposed towards a surface on which the outsole (1) will be placed during normal use.

In a twenty-third embodiment (XXIII), the second branch (15) according to any one of the sixth embodiment (VI) and embodiments (XIX) - (XXII) comprises at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c), wherein the at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c) comprises a second bottom hole (9 b) such that the second cushioning element (5) is exposed towards a surface on which the outsole (1) will be placed during normal use.

In a twenty-fourth embodiment (XXIV), the first branch (10) according to any one of the fifth embodiment (V) and embodiments (XIX) - (XXIII) comprises at least one first hole (8 a, 8b, 8 c), wherein the at least one first hole (8 a, 8b, 8 c) comprises a foot-side hole (8 a) such that the first cushioning element (4) is exposed outwardly from the outsole (1) on the foot-side.

In a twenty-fifth embodiment (XXV), the second branch (15) according to any one of the sixth embodiment (VI) and embodiments (XIX) - (XXIV) comprises at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c), wherein the at least one second hole (9 a, 9b, 9 c) comprises a lateral foot hole (9 a) such that the second cushioning element (5) is exposed outwards from the outsole (1) in a lateral foot direction.

In a twenty-sixth embodiment (XVI), the first branch (10) according to any one of embodiments (XIX) - (XXV) bridges the first cushioning element (4) in the longitudinal direction of the outsole (1) and is attached to the second sole section (3) at least before bridging the first cushioning element (4) and after bridging the first cushioning element (4), and/or wherein the second branch (15) according to any one of embodiments (XIX) - (XXV) bridges the second cushioning element (5) in the longitudinal direction of the outsole (1) and is attached to the second sole section (3) at least before bridging the second cushioning element (5) and after bridging the second cushioning element (5). In a preferred embodiment, the first branch (10) according to the twenty-sixth embodiment (XXVI) ends in a spike (40) attached to the first sole section (2), and the second branch (15) according to the twenty-sixth embodiment (XXVI) ends in a spike (45) attached to the first sole section (2).

In a twenty-seventh embodiment (XXVII), the cross-section of the first branch (10) and/or the second branch (15) according to any of embodiments (XIX) - (XXVI) decreases after bridging the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5) as seen from the heel portion (30) of the outsole (1).

In a twenty-eighth embodiment (XXVIII), the outsole (1) according to any one of embodiments (I) - (XXVII) comprises at least one reinforcing element (60) overlapping the first sole section (2) and/or the second sole section (3). In a preferred embodiment, at least one reinforcing element (60) according to the twenty-eighth embodiment (XXVIII) overlaps the first cushioning element (4) and/or the second cushioning element (5).

In a twenty-ninth embodiment (XXIX), the first sole section (2) and/or the second sole section (3) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XXVIII) do not extend along the entire length of the outsole (1).

A thirty-third embodiment (XXX) of the present disclosure relates to a shoe (50), the shoe (50) comprising an upper (55) and an outsole (1) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XXIX).

A thirty-first embodiment (XXXI) of the present disclosure relates to a method (1000) for manufacturing an outsole (1), the method (1000) comprising the steps of: (a) manufacturing (1010) a first sole section (2); (b) Placing (1020) a first placeholder onto a foot-medial portion of the first sole section (2) and a second placeholder onto a foot-lateral portion of the first sole section (2); (c) -injection moulding (1030) the second sole section (3) such that the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3) are at least partially connected and such that the first and second placeholders are each at least partially located between the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3); (d) Removing (1040) the first and second placeholders, and (e) arranging (1050) the first and second cushioning elements (4, 5) between the first and second sole sections (2, 3), wherein the position of the first cushioning element (4) corresponds at least in part to the position where the first placeholder was placed, and wherein the position of the second cushioning element (5) corresponds at least in part to the position where the second placeholder was placed. In a specific embodiment, the method according to the thirty-first embodiment (XXXI) involves manufacturing an outsole (1) according to any of embodiments (I) - (XXIX).

In a thirty-second embodiment (XXXI), the method (1000) according to the thirty-first embodiment (XXXI) is provided, and at least after step (c), the second sole section (3) comprises a fixed portion (80 c) two-dimensionally connected to the first sole section (2) and at least one movable portion (80 a,80 b) movable relative to the first sole section (2) such that a distance between the at least one movable portion (80 a,80 b) and the first sole section (2) can be varied, wherein the at least one movable portion (80 a,80 b) at least partially overlaps the first and/or the second placeholder.

In a thirty-third embodiment (XXXIII), the method (1000) according to the thirty-second embodiment (XXXIII) is provided, and the at least one movable portion (80 a,80 b) comprises a first movable portion (80 a) overlapping the first placeholder and a second movable portion (80 b) overlapping the second placeholder.

In a thirty-fourth embodiment (XXXIV), a method (1000) according to the thirty-second embodiment (XXXII) or the thirty-third embodiment (XXXIII) is provided, and removing (1040) the first and second placeholders and/or arranging (1050) the first and second cushioning elements (4, 5) between the first sole section (2) and the second sole section (3) comprises changing a distance between the at least one movable portion (80 a,80 b) and the first sole section (2).

In a thirty-fifth embodiment (XXXV), a method (1000) according to any of embodiments (XXXII) - (XXXIV) is provided, and the securing portion (80 c) is disposed in at least the toe portion (20) of the outsole (1) and the midfoot portion (25) of the outsole (1).

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure. Together with the description, the drawings serve to explain the principles of the disclosed embodiments and to enable a person skilled in the pertinent art to make and use the disclosed embodiments. These drawings are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. While the present disclosure is generally described in the context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to these particular embodiments. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements.

FIG. 1 illustrates a first exemplary outsole in a lateral foot view, wherein the outsole is slightly tilted so that the underside portion is visible, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates a first exemplary outsole in a bottom view.

FIG. 3 illustrates a first exemplary outsole in a forefoot side view.

FIG. 4 illustrates a first exemplary outsole in a bottom view, wherein the view is from the heel portion toward the toe portion.

FIG. 5 illustrates details of a first exemplary outsole with modifications in a bottom view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary shoe including a second exemplary outsole in a medial foot view, according to some embodiments;

fig. 7 shows a detail of the example shoe of fig. 6 in a foot-lateral bottom view.

FIG. 8 illustrates a second exemplary outsole with modifications in a slightly angled bottom view, according to some embodiments.

Fig. 9 shows the second example outsole of fig. 8 in a bottom view.

FIG. 10 illustrates another example shoe including a third example outsole in a side view, in accordance with some embodiments.

Fig. 11 shows a bottom view of the shoe of fig. 10.

FIG. 12 illustrates a fourth example outsole in a slightly angled bottom view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 13 illustrates a fourth exemplary outsole on the lateral side of the foot in an exploded view.

FIG. 14 illustrates a fifth example outsole in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 15 shows a detail of a fifth exemplary outsole.

FIG. 16 illustrates a sixth exemplary outsole in a bottom view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 17 illustrates a sixth exemplary outsole in a bottom view.

Fig. 18 shows an enlarged view of a portion of fig. 17.

FIG. 19 illustrates, in a medial foot side view, a shoe including a sixth exemplary outsole.

FIG. 20 illustrates a seventh exemplary outsole in an oblique side view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 21 illustrates a seventh exemplary outsole in side view.

FIG. 22 illustrates a seventh exemplary outsole in a bottom view.

FIG. 23 illustrates a seventh exemplary outsole in top view.

FIG. 24 illustrates a semi-finished form of a seventh exemplary outsole in an angled bottom view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 25 illustrates a schematic view of an exemplary method for manufacturing an outsole, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 26 illustrates an exemplary outsole in a bottom view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 27 illustrates an eighth example outsole in top view, according to some embodiments.

FIG. 28 shows an eighth exemplary outsole in top view (top of the figure) and side view (bottom of the figure).

Detailed Description

The indefinite articles "a" and "an" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The term "comprising" is an open transitional phrase. The list of elements following the transitional phrase "include/include" is a non-exclusive list such that elements other than those specifically recited in the list may also be present. The phrase "consisting essentially of … …" limits the composition of the components to the specified materials and those materials that do not substantially affect the essential and novel characteristics of the components. The phrase "consisting of … …" limits the composition of the components to the specified materials and excludes any unspecified materials.

When numerical ranges including upper and lower values are recited herein, unless otherwise stated in the specific context, the ranges are intended to include the endpoints thereof, and all integers and fractions within the range. The disclosure or claims are not intended to be limited to the specific values recited when defining the scope. Furthermore, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is given as either a range, one or more ranges, or a list of upper and lower values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or value and any lower range limit or value, regardless of whether such pairs are separately disclosed.

The outsole according to embodiments of the application is designed to provide various benefits to the wearer. The outsole may facilitate optimal athletic performance for a wearer engaged in sports (e.g., football) while also providing comfortable footwear. The outsole is designed to provide rigidity in certain areas and flexibility in other areas. The combination of stiffness and flexibility may promote desired athletic performance properties while also providing comfort. The outsole according to embodiments of the application is designed to at least partially solve and/or pursue the following problems and/or objectives.

The outsole of a shoe (e.g., soccer shoe) optimized for rapid running (i.e., sprint) may exhibit rigid material behavior, which may cause significant damage to the wearer. Illustratively, a rigid outsole may reduce the comfort of the wearer. In addition, rigid outsoles may reduce ball feel due to reduced overall flexibility of the shoe. Furthermore, outsoles that exhibit linear and/or uniform rigid behavior may inhibit the wearer's ability to accelerate effectively due to limited metatarsal and/or toe bending. This is very disadvantageous in sprint starting where more toe bending is considered beneficial. The outsole according to embodiments of the present disclosure may allow for rapid running, i.e., sprinting, and at least partially avoid the above-described drawbacks.

Many sports, such as soccer and/or american football, require multiple sprints during a game. Sprinting starts on flat surfaces that may be covered by grass may prove difficult, even with spikes, because there are no external objects available for pedaling-unlike sprinting in track and field sports, which typically provide a starting stand. The outsole according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided for a shoe that is capable of improving the onset of sprinting, i.e., allowing for better kick-out.

Soccer shoes and the like typically have a relatively flat and/or rigid outsole that makes the foot difficult or at least not easy to roll during walking and/or moderate running and/or acceleration. However, it is also known that curved outsoles may result in unstable and/or limited ground contact. This is generally unacceptable for sports such as football, rugby, etc. The outsole according to embodiments of the present disclosure may provide an outsole that allows for improved walking and/or moderate running and/or acceleration while at least partially avoiding instability and/or limited ground contact.

An outsole that includes cushioning elements generally does not allow for adjustment (adaptation) of the characteristics (e.g., compressibility and/or cushioning) provided by the cushioning elements without changing the cushioning elements themselves. Thus, adjusting (e.g., by changing the material) the cushioning element is often associated with considerable effort. An outsole according to embodiments of the present disclosure may at least partially overcome this disadvantage.

An outsole according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes a first sole section that includes at least one cleat and is disposed at least in a midfoot portion of the outsole. Furthermore, the outsole comprises a second sole section comprising at least one spike and being arranged at least at a toe portion of the outsole, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap. In addition, the outsole includes a first cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the first cushioning element overlaps at least one first stud of the first or second sole section. In addition, the outsole includes a second cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the second cushioning element overlaps at least one second stud of the first or second sole section.

In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may comprise multiple layers. For example, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may include a plurality of carbon fiber layers and/or glass fiber layers embedded in a polymer matrix. However, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may each also be a single layer. The first sole section and/or the second sole section need not be a closed layer, but may also have a grid-like and/or frame-like structure. The lattice and/or frame-like structure may be particularly advantageous for reducing the weight of the outsole. In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may comprise a polymer, such as polyamide 11 (PA 11) and/or polyamide 12 (PA 12). In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may include a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), such as polyether block amide (PEBA) and/or Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU). In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may be at least partially formed by injection molding. For example, a layer may be molded, or an overmolded grid-like and/or frame-like support structure may be overmolded. Furthermore, composite materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers, glass fiber reinforced polymers, and/or other reinforcing materials, may be included in the first sole section and/or the second sole section. In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may be formed at least in part by an additive manufacturing method (e.g., a 3D printing method) and/or a composite machining method. In some embodiments, the material of the first sole section and/or the second sole section may have a stiffness in the toe portion that is less than the stiffness in the midfoot portion.

As described herein, components (e.g., first sole section and second sole section) that are commonly formed by injection molding, over molding, or other similar co-molding manufacturing processes are integrally formed components. The integrally formed components are integrally connected as a result of a co-forming process for manufacturing the components.

A spike (student) according to embodiments of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a cleat (clean) that may be used to provide traction to a wearer on soft ground (e.g., grass). The use of studs is known in the football field, i.e. football, american football, rugby and/or track and field. In some embodiments, the cleats may be integrally formed with the first sole section and/or the second sole section. In some embodiments, the cleats may be at least partially (e.g., pointed ends of the cleats) injected onto the base material. In some embodiments, the base material may be at least partially injected onto the spike tips. In such an embodiment, the preformed spike tip is placed in a mold and a secondary injection (over-injected) is performed with the base material. The base material may include a first sole section and/or a second sole section. In some embodiments, the stud may comprise TPU. The integrally formed or injected spike eliminates the need to screw on and/or replace the spike. However, interchangeable spikes or screw-on spikes may also be used. In such embodiments, studs of different lengths and/or materials may be used for different ground conditions.

The midfoot portion of the outsole may be referred to as the portion of the outsole that is configured to at least partially support the metatarsals of the wearer. The toe portion of the outsole may be referred to as the portion of the outsole that is configured to at least partially support the toes of the wearer. In general, it should be understood that the midfoot of a wearer may be separated from the toe portion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. Thus, it should be understood that the metatarsophalangeal joint may be considered part of the forefoot, but not part of the midfoot.

Since the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap, it should be appreciated that these sections cannot be fully overlapped. Thus, weight can be saved. Further, since at least one cleat is included in each of the first sole section and the second sole section, it should be appreciated that they are preferably both configured to engage the ground.

In some embodiments, the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap such that a portion of the first sole section is disposed on a portion of the second sole section. In some embodiments, the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap such that a portion of the second sole section is disposed on a portion of the first sole section. Unless otherwise indicated, a component described as "disposed over" another component is located over the other component in a vertical direction relative to the ground-facing surface of the outsole.

Furthermore, by overlapping the region, i.e. the region where the first sole section and the second sole section overlap, a target property setting may be achieved. For example, the stiffness of the outsole and/or the support of the foot may be increased in the overlapping region. Optionally, the first sole section partially overlaps the second sole section and/or the second sole section partially overlaps the first sole section. Thus, the overlapping region can be further selectively engineered.

The first sole section and the second sole section may be at least partially non-overlapping in one or more regions of the outsole. In particular, the first sole section and the second sole section may be at least partially non-overlapping in a first region of the outsole that supports a wearer's toe. Thus, toe bending may be enhanced, which is advantageous in sprint starting, as more toe bending is advantageous in sprint starting. Further in particular, the second sole section may comprise a softer material, i.e. a less rigid material, than the first sole section in order to achieve a better feel of ball and/or toe bending, while still providing sufficient support in the midfoot region.

The first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element, i.e. the cushioning element/s, may be attached to the first sole section and/or the second sole section, e.g. by gluing, welding, overmoulding and/or stitching. The cushioning element may comprise at least one cushioning pad and/or at least one spring element. Since the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element are arranged between the first sole section and the second sole section, it is to be understood that the cushioning elements may be arranged at least partially in the above-described overlapping region. The cushioning element(s) may comprise a substantially elastic material behavior. Thus, the cushioning element(s) may allow improved energy return to the wearer. In some embodiments, the cushioning element(s) may also be viscoelastic, i.e., exhibit both viscous and elastic behavior. This allows the cushioning element/elements to be adapted to the typical load pattern of certain movements. For example, one/more soft cushioning elements may be required when walking, i.e. at low load speeds, and one/more hard cushioning elements may be required when sprinting starts, i.e. at high load speeds.

The first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may provide various advantages and/or perform different tasks.

First, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be used to separate the first sole section and/or the second sole section from each other such that the second area moment of the outsole may be increased. Thus, the stiffness of the outsole may be increased in the area where the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element are located. Since the cushioning element(s) may comprise a lighter material than the first sole section and/or the second sole section, the stiffness may be increased with little additional weight.

Second, the cushioning element(s) may be used to cushion portions of the wearer's foot, thereby increasing comfort. In particular, since the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element overlap with at least one stud, respectively, they may avoid transmitting uncomfortable pressure from the stud to the foot of the wearer. Thus, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may be made thinner, thereby reducing weight without reducing comfort.

Third, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be used as an "integral starting frame (integrated starting block)" for the wearer, which is capable of improving the starting of sprint, i.e. allowing better kick-out. This is because the first and second cushioning elements space apart the first and second sole sections so that a bulge can be formed, for example, on the ground-facing surface of the outsole, which allows for better kick-out.

Fourth, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may provide a "rocking effect" to the outsole. Rocking outsole designs are known for medical purposes, such as for reducing forefoot sole pressure in diabetics, but also for increasing the comfort of casual shoes. However, a "rocking effect" may be particularly advantageous for outsoles having improved running characteristics, such as outsoles of football shoes. As mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element space apart the first sole section and the second sole section such that a bulge may be formed, in particular on the ground-facing surface of the outsole. Thus, a portion of the running surface of the outsole may be raised such that a rolling effect, i.e., a "rocking effect" is created. This has a positive impact on performance because during walking and/or moderate running and/or acceleration, the wearer must apply less force to overcome the pivot point, i.e., roll the foot. The "rocking effect" created by the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be particularly advantageous for wearers accelerating from a substantially standing position. The "rocking effect" can be particularly helpful in positively affecting performance by reducing the force required for acceleration when accelerating from a standing position, thus increasing the acceleration of the wearer.

It will be appreciated that the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element, which act as an "integral starting block", may simultaneously provide a "rocking effect" to the outsole. Furthermore, since the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may function as an "integral starting frame" and/or provide a "rocking effect", their compressive characteristics may allow avoiding adverse effects, i.e. instability, due to the bulging of the outsole under high load and/or vertical load conditions, such as during sprinting.

In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section may include at least one aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element or the second cushioning element. The at least one aperture may be used to adjust the stiffness of the respective sole section. In addition, the at least one aperture may also be used to adjust the compression characteristics of the cushioning element that overlaps the aperture. It should be appreciated that the at least one aperture in the first sole section and/or the second sole section does not necessarily require a closed profile in the first sole section or the second sole section. Instead, illustratively, the cutout in the first sole section may be limited by the second sole section such that at least one aperture is formed.

However, the at least one aperture may comprise a closed profile in the first sole section or in the second sole section. Thereby, the stability of the at least one hole may be increased. The at least one aperture may be a slit opening. In some embodiments, the at least one aperture may be an integrally formed opening, such as by injection molding. At least one aperture is optionally provided in the sole section to which at least one first stud and/or at least one second stud is attached.

In some embodiments, the at least one aperture may comprise at least one bottom aperture, which may be adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element towards a surface upon which the outsole will rest during normal use. The at least one bottom hole may be used to locally reduce and/or adjust the stiffness of the outsole, i.e. the stiffness of the corresponding sole section. This may be advantageous because the overlapping of the first sole section and the second sole section may result in a jump in stiffness, which jump may be at least partially compensated and/or adjusted by the at least one sole hole.

As used herein, when referring to a cushioning element in the context of the relationship of the element to the aperture, the phrase "exposed", "exposed toward a surface or component" or "exposed in the direction … …" means that the cushioning element is capable of deforming into the aperture toward or in a specified direction. In some embodiments, when referring to a cushioning element in the context of the element's relationship to a hole, the phrase "exposed toward a surface or component" or "exposed in the direction … …" also means that the cushioning element is visible through the hole when viewed from the specified surface or component or in the specified direction.

In some embodiments, the at least one aperture may comprise at least one side aperture, which may be adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element in a lateral foot direction of the outsole or a medial foot direction of the outsole. At least one side hole allows adjustment of the compressibility of the cushioning element overlapping the hole. In particular, the at least one side hole may allow to adjust the vertical compressibility of the respective cushioning element. This is because the vertical compression of the respective cushioning element is at least partially not limited by the material of the respective sole section. Instead, substantially free compression of the respective cushioning element is possible until the respective side aperture is closed. In this regard, the term "vertical" refers to a direction perpendicular to a surface upon which the outsole rests during normal use.

In some embodiments, the at least one aperture may include at least one first aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element. Thus, the characteristics provided by the first cushioning element may be individually adjusted.

In some embodiments, the at least one aperture may include at least one second aperture that at least partially overlaps the second cushioning element. Thus, the characteristics provided by the second cushioning element may be individually adjusted.

It should be appreciated that the at least one first aperture and/or the at least one second aperture may be configured as apertures as described above. Furthermore, it will also be appreciated that the at least one first aperture and/or the at least one second aperture may provide the advantages of the at least one aperture as described above.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element preferably do not extend substantially beyond an area of the outsole configured to support the metatarsal fat pad, as viewed from the heel portion of the outsole. In such an embodiment, increased stiffness of the outsole outside the region is avoided, as the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element in the region may not increase the second area moment of the outsole. Thus, toe bending may be enhanced, which is advantageous in sprint starting, as more toe bending is advantageous in sprint starting. The term "substantially" may refer to an aspect in which the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element does not extend beyond an area below the outsole, as viewed from the heel portion of the outsole, that is configured to support a region of the metatarsal fat pad beyond 1cm, and optionally beyond 0.5cm.

In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the forward most point of the outsole and the forward most point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 10% and 35% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the minimum distance between the forward most point of the outsole and the forward most point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 15% and 30% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the minimum distance between the forward most point of the outsole and the forward most point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 20% and 25% of the length of the outsole. For such embodiments, the minimum distance may be measured between the forward-most point of the outsole and the point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element closest to the forward-most point of the outsole. Unless otherwise indicated, the minimum distance between the forward-most point of the outsole and the forward-most point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element is measured on a line perpendicular to a line tangent to the forward-most point of the outsole and a line tangent to the forward-most point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element, for example, as shown by distance 90 in fig. 22.

In some embodiments, the first sole section may extend beyond an area of the outsole, as seen from the heel portion, configured to support the metatarsal fat pad in a direction toward the toe portion, the area having a reduced cross-section—a cross-section in an area overlapping the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element relative to the first sole section. By the first sole section extending beyond said area, abrupt changes in stiffness, which may negatively affect comfort and/or functionality, may be prevented. Instead, a continuous reduction in stiffness is achieved.

In some embodiments, at least one first stud and at least one second stud may be attached to the first sole section. Thus, an improvement in sprint starting can be achieved. This is because the force transmission can be improved in that the first sole section is arranged at least in the midfoot portion of the outsole, in which large forces are applied during sprint starting. The force transmission may be particularly improved when the first sole section at least partially supports an area of the outsole configured to support the metatarsal fat pad. This improvement in force transfer can be achieved because this area is the area through which the greatest force is transferred during normal use of the outsole. Further, the first sole section may extend from the heel portion. Thus, instability between the midfoot portion and the heel portion is avoided, which in turn further contributes to the improvement of sprint starting.

The first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may comprise a thickness in the range of 1mm to 10 mm. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may comprise a thickness in the range of 2mm to 6 mm. These thicknesses have proven to be beneficial because they substantially improve cushioning and/or increase stiffness without adding too much material, i.e., weight, to the outsole. Furthermore, these thicknesses allow the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element to function as an "integral starting frame" for the wearer, which enables improved starting of sprinting, i.e. allows better stepping out without causing instability due to the wearer being lifted excessively off the ground. Still further, these thicknesses have proven to be sufficient to provide the "rocking effect" described above without impeding the sense of sphericity.

In some embodiments, a first cushioning element may overlap two first cleats and/or a second cushioning element may overlap two second cleats. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element overlaps exactly (exact) two first cleats and/or the second cushioning element overlaps exactly two second cleats. In some preferred embodiments, at least one sole aperture as described above extends at least partially between two first cleats or between two second cleats. This arrangement of the at least one sole aperture may be advantageous because the two cleats per cushioning element have been demonstrated to provide sufficient traction so that the cushioning element may function as an integral starting frame for the wearer, which enables improved starting of sprint.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element may be disposed on a foot-side portion of the outsole and the second cushioning element may be disposed on a foot-side portion of the outsole, wherein a minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element is in the range of 3mm to 50mm, including subranges. For example, in some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element may be within the following range: 3mm to 45mm, 3mm to 40mm, 3mm to 30mm, 3mm to 25mm, 3mm to 15mm, 5mm to 50mm, 10mm to 50mm, 15mm to 50mm, 25mm to 50mm, 30mm to 50mm, or 40mm to 50mm. In some preferred embodiments, the minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element is in the range of 5mm to 40 mm. In some preferred embodiments, the minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element is in the range of 10mm to 30 mm. In some preferred embodiments, the minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element is in the range of 15mm to 25 mm. By the arrangement of the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element, the lateral side and the medial side of the wearer's foot may be supported separately, which may increase stability. Furthermore, by said minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element, deformation of one cushioning element may be avoided affecting the other cushioning element. This has been found to even further increase the stability provided by the outsole, particularly during rapid running (e.g., sprint).

As used above, the term "minimum distance" is the minimum distance between two cushioning elements, measured from the respective innermost points of the inner edges of the cushioning elements, e.g., from the innermost point of the foot-lateral edge of the foot-medial cushioning element to the innermost point of the foot-medial edge of the foot-lateral cushioning element.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be arranged at least partially in the midfoot portion, wherein preferably the first sole section and the second sole section overlap in the midfoot portion, wherein further preferably the first sole section and the second sole section overlap in the toe portion. With this arrangement, a bulge may be formed in the midfoot portion (e.g., on the ground-facing surface of the outsole), which allows for better kick-out. Thus, the ridge may act as an "integral starting frame" for the wearer. Thus, the outsole may allow for improved sprint initiation.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may comprise a foam material. Foam materials have proven to be beneficial because they allow a compromise between damping (i.e., comfort) and resilience (i.e., energy recovery). The foam material may include polyamides, polyether block amides, expanded polyether block amides, thermoplastic polyurethanes, expanded thermoplastic polyurethanes, ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), and/or thermoplastic copolyesters. In addition, the foam may be manufactured by a specific process to obtain advantageous properties. Illustratively, the use of granular foam has proven advantageous in the sporting goods industry, as exemplarily described in US2014/366405A1 and US2018/035755 A1. Whereby the densified polymer particles foam to form expanded foam beads. The beads are then bonded together at their surfaces by the application of heat that at least partially melts the surfaces of the particles. For example, steam box forming and/or radio frequency fusion may be applied. Other specific process adjustments may also be advantageous. For example, the gaseous blowing agent in the autoclave/extrusion/injection molding process may be replaced by a blowing agent in a supercritical state. In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may include a body (e.g., a foam body or a 3D printing body) and a cover layer or coating disposed on the body to protect the body from dust and/or damage.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may comprise a 3D printing component, such as a 3D printing grid structure. 3D printed components have proven advantageous because they can create anisotropic material behavior so that the characteristics of the outsole can be specifically tailored to the orientation. Furthermore, the 3D printed grid structure allows visual inspection due to the grid structure, so that material failure in the cushioning element can be more easily identified.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may comprise a material having strain rate dependent material behavior. This allows the cushioning element/elements to be adapted to the typical load pattern of certain movements. For example, it may be desirable to have a soft cushioning element when walking, i.e., at low load speeds and low strain rates, and a hard cushioning element/elements when sprinting begins, i.e., at high load speeds and high strain rates.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., a foot-medial cushioning element) may include a higher compressibility than the second cushioning element (e.g., a foot-lateral cushioning element). In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., a foot-medial cushioning element) may include a first compressibility characterized by a first height change when a force is applied thereto in a vertical direction. The first height variation is defined as the difference between the height of the first cushioning element (i.e., the distance between the top and bottom surfaces) in an uncompressed (assembled) state and the height of the first cushioning element in a compressed state under a defined force. In some embodiments, the second cushioning element (e.g., the foot-lateral cushioning element) may accordingly include a second compressibility characterized by a second height change when the same defined force is applied to the second cushioning element in a vertical direction. The second height variation is defined as the difference between the height of the second cushioning element in an uncompressed (assembled) state (i.e., the distance between the top and bottom surfaces) and the height of the second cushioning element in a compressed state under a defined force. In such an embodiment, the second height variation is less than the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 95% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 80% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 60% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 30% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 10% of the first height variation.

In some embodiments, the second cushioning element (e.g., a foot-lateral cushioning element) may include a higher compressibility than the first cushioning element (e.g., a foot-medial cushioning element). In some embodiments, the second cushioning element (e.g., a foot-lateral cushioning element) may include a first compressibility characterized by a first change in height when a force is applied thereto in a vertical direction. The first height variation is defined as the difference between the height of the second cushioning element (i.e., the distance between the top and bottom surfaces) in an uncompressed (assembled) state and the height of the second cushioning element in a compressed state under a defined force. In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., the medial foot cushioning element) may correspondingly include a second compressibility characterized by a second height change when the same defined force is applied to the first cushioning element in a vertical direction. The second height variation is defined as the difference between the height of the first cushioning element in an uncompressed (assembled) state (i.e., the distance between the top and bottom surfaces) and the height of the first cushioning element in a compressed state under a defined force. In such an embodiment, the second height variation is less than the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 95% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 80% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 60% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 30% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 10% of the first height variation.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., the foot-medial cushioning element) may be made of a first material, the second cushioning element (e.g., the foot-lateral cushioning element) may be made of a second material, and the first material includes a higher compressibility than the second material. In these embodiments, the first cushioning element may be more easily deformed under compressive forces. By being more easily deformable, the compressibility of the first cushioning element may assist the wearer during certain kick-out motions. For example, the higher compressibility of the first cushioning element may be used as an "integral starting frame" for the wearer that is capable of increasing acceleration during sprint starting, increasing acceleration during abrupt changes in direction (i.e., plunging), or both. For example, where the medial foot cushioning element includes a higher compressibility, the medial foot of the wearer may be lower (closer to the ground) relative to the lateral foot when the sole is under compressive load, thereby creating a starting frame in the lateral (transverse) direction.

In some embodiments, the second cushioning element (e.g., the foot-lateral cushioning element) may be made of a first material, the first cushioning element (e.g., the foot-medial cushioning element) may be made of a second material, and the first material includes a higher compressibility than the second material. In these embodiments, the second cushion element may deform more easily under compressive loading. By being more easily deformable, the compressibility of the second cushioning element may assist the wearer during certain kick-out motions.

In some embodiments, the first material and the second material may be different material types. For example, the first material and the second material may be different polymer foam types, such as polyamide foam and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) foam. In some embodiments, the first material and the second material may be the same material with different levels of porosity. For example, the first material may be an EVA foam having a first porosity and the second material may be the same EVA foam having a second porosity less than the first porosity. In some embodiments, the first material and the second material may be different 3D printed mesh structures having different compressibility.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element is made of a first material having a first compressibility characterized by a first change in height when a force is applied to the first material in a vertical direction, the second cushioning element is made of a second material having a second compressibility characterized by a second change in height when the same force is applied to the second material in a vertical direction, and the second change in height is less than the first change in height. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 95% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 80% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 60% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 30% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 10% of the first height variation.

In some embodiments, the second cushioning element is made of a first material having a first compressibility characterized by a first change in height when a force is applied to the first material in a vertical direction, the first cushioning element is made of a second material having a second compressibility characterized by a second change in height when the same force is applied to the second material in a vertical direction, and the second change in height is less than the first change in height. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 95% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 80% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 60% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 30% of the first height variation. In some embodiments, the second height variation is less than or equal to 10% of the first height variation.

In some embodiments, the first and second cushioning elements may include equal first and second undeformed heights (i.e., the distance between the top and bottom surfaces of the elements). In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., the foot-side cushioning element) may include a first undeformed height and the second cushioning element (e.g., the foot-side cushioning element) may include a second undeformed height that is less than the first undeformed height. In some embodiments, the first cushioning element (e.g., the foot-side cushioning element) may include a first undeformed height and the second cushioning element (e.g., the foot-side cushioning element) may include a second undeformed height that is greater than the first undeformed height.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element is made of a first material having a first compressibility, the second cushioning element is made of a second material having a second compressibility, and the first compressibility is at least 20% greater or at least 20% less than the second compressibility. In some embodiments, the first cushioning element is made of a first material having a first compressibility, the second cushioning element is made of a second material having a second compressibility, and the first compressibility is at least 50% greater or at least 50% less than the second compressibility.

In some embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may extend along 10% to 80% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may extend along 15% to 70% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may extend along 20% to 60% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may extend along 25% to 50% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may extend along 30% to 40% of the length of the outsole. These lengths have proven to be beneficial because they substantially improve cushioning and/or increase stiffness without adding too much material, i.e., weight, to the outsole. Furthermore, these lengths allow the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element to be used as an "integral starting frame" for the wearer, which is capable of improving the starting of sprint, i.e. allowing better stirrup.

In some embodiments, the distance between the last point of the outsole and the last point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 30% and 60% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the distance between the last point of the outsole and the last point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 35% and 55% of the length of the outsole. In some preferred embodiments, the distance between the last point of the outsole and the last point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be between 40% and 50% of the length of the outsole. In particular, the distance may be measured between the last point of the outsole and the point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element closest to the last point of the outsole. With this arrangement, a bulge, i.e. "integral starting frame", can be formed in a portion of the outsole, which allows for better pedaling out. Thus, the ridge may act as an "integral starting frame" for the wearer. Thus, the outsole may allow for improved sprint starting.

In some embodiments, the first sole section may branch into at least two branches in a direction toward the toe portion of the outsole. In such an embodiment, each of the two branches may at least partially overlap the second sole section. In some embodiments, the first branch may include at least one first stud and may at least partially house the first cushioning element. In some embodiments, the second branch may include at least one second stud and may at least partially house a second cushioning element. Optionally, the first branch extends along a midfoot portion of the outsole and the second branch extends along a midfoot portion of the outsole. By the branches, the outer side and the inner side of the wearer's foot can be supported individually, which can increase stability. Furthermore, by means of the branches, it is possible to avoid that deformations of one buffer element significantly affect the other buffer element. This has been found to increase the stability provided by the outsole, particularly during rapid running (e.g., sprint).

It will be described below that the first branch may comprise at least one first hole as described above and/or the second branch may comprise at least one second hole as described above. In this regard, it should be appreciated that the holes may have the characteristics of the holes as described above. Furthermore, it will be appreciated that these holes may provide the advantages of the holes described above.

For example, in some embodiments, the first branch may include at least one first aperture. In such embodiments, the at least one first aperture may include a lateral foot aperture directed toward a lateral foot portion of the outsole such that the first cushioning element is exposed toward the second branch. The lateral foot side hole may be configured as at least one side hole described above and provide corresponding advantages. In addition, by exposing the first cushioning element toward the second branch through the lateral side hole directed toward the lateral foot portion of the outsole, the first cushioning element can be protected from side impact.

As another example, in some embodiments, the second branch may include at least one second hole. In such an embodiment, the at least one second aperture may include a medial foot aperture directed toward a medial foot portion of the outsole such that the second cushioning element is exposed toward the first branch. The medial side hole may be configured as at least one side hole as described above and provide corresponding advantages. By exposing the second cushioning element toward the first branch, the second cushioning element may be protected from side impact by a lateral hole directed toward a medial foot portion of the outsole.

In some embodiments, the first branch may comprise at least one first hole, wherein the at least one first hole comprises a first bottom hole such that the first cushioning element is exposed towards a surface on which the outsole will rest during normal use. The first bottom hole may be configured as at least one bottom hole as described above and provide corresponding advantages.

In some embodiments, the second branch may comprise at least one second hole, wherein the at least one second hole comprises a second bottom hole such that the second cushioning element is exposed towards a surface on which the outsole will rest during normal use. The second bottom hole may be configured as at least one bottom hole as described above and provide corresponding advantages.

In some embodiments, the first branch may include at least one first hole, wherein the at least one first hole includes a medial foot side hole such that the first cushioning element is exposed outward from the outsole on the medial foot side. The medial side hole may be configured as at least one side hole as described above and provide corresponding advantages. Still further, the medial foot side aperture may allow the first cushioning element to be visually inspected so that potential material degradation in the first cushioning element may be more easily identified. Furthermore, such a hole may be particularly advantageous together with the above-mentioned hole that the first branch may comprise. For example, if the first branch includes a lateral foot hole directed toward a lateral foot portion of the outsole such that the first cushioning element is exposed toward the second branch, the lateral foot hole may be used to obtain improved balance.

In some embodiments, the second branch may include at least one second hole, wherein the at least one second hole includes a lateral foot hole such that the second cushioning element is exposed outward from the outsole in a lateral foot direction. The lateral foot side hole may be configured as at least one side hole described above and provide corresponding advantages. Still further, the lateral foot hole may allow the second cushioning element to be visually inspected, such that potential material degradation in the second cushioning element may be more easily identified. Furthermore, such a hole may be particularly advantageous together with the above-mentioned hole that the second branch may comprise. For example, if the second branch includes a lateral foot hole directed toward a medial foot portion of the outsole such that the second cushioning element is exposed toward the first branch, the lateral foot hole may be used to obtain improved balance.

In some embodiments, the first branch may bridge the first cushioning element in a longitudinal direction of the outsole, and may be attached to the second sole section at least before and after bridging the first cushioning element. Thereby increasing the stability of the outsole. Furthermore, since loads (e.g., due to bending of the outsole) may be transferred directly between the first sole section and the second sole section, shear forces acting on the first cushioning element may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the second branch may bridge the second cushioning element in a longitudinal direction of the outsole, and may be attached to the second sole section at least before and after bridging the second cushioning element. Thereby increasing the stability of the outsole. Furthermore, since loads (e.g., due to bending of the outsole) may be transferred directly between the first sole section and the second sole section, shear forces acting on the second cushioning element may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first branch may be attached to the second sole section at least partially along a length of the first cushioning element. In particular, in some embodiments, the first branch may be attached to the second sole section on a foot lateral side of the first cushioning element at least partially along a length of the first cushioning element. Thereby, the stability of the outsole may be further increased. Furthermore, since loads (e.g., due to bending of the outsole) may be transferred more directly between the first sole section and the second sole section, shear forces acting on the first cushioning element may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the second branch may be attached to the second sole section at least partially along the length of the second cushioning element. In particular, in some embodiments, the second branch may be attached to the second sole section on a foot medial side of the second cushioning element at least partially along a length of the second cushioning element. Thereby, the stability of the outsole may be further increased. Furthermore, since loads (e.g., due to bending of the outsole) may be transferred more directly between the first sole section and the second sole section, shear forces acting on the second cushioning element may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first branch may terminate in a spike attached to the first sole section. Thus, in such embodiments, the first branch of the first sole section may be attached to the second sole section by the studs. The fixation of the first sole section to the second sole section may thereby be improved. In some embodiments, the second branch may terminate in a spike attached to the first sole section. Thus, in such embodiments, the second leg of the first sole section may be attached to the second sole section by the studs. The fixation of the first sole section to the second sole section may thereby be improved. It will be appreciated that the branches may terminate in the same spike or in different spikes.

In some embodiments, the cross-section of the first branch and/or the second branch may decrease after bridging the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element, as seen from the heel portion of the outsole. Thus, abrupt changes in stiffness, which may have a negative impact on comfort and/or functionality, may be prevented. Instead, a continuous reduction in stiffness is achieved.

In some embodiments, at least one reinforcing element may overlap the first sole section and/or the second sole section. In some embodiments, at least one reinforcing element may also overlap the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element. In some embodiments, the at least one reinforcing element may be configured to be positioned between the foot of the wearer and the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element. Thus, support for the foot of the wearer may be provided without increasing the thickness of the first sole section and/or the second sole section. In some embodiments, the at least one reinforcing element may comprise a fiber-reinforced composite material, such as a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer, a glass fiber-reinforced polymer, and/or an aramid fiber-reinforced polymer. In some embodiments, the at least one reinforcing element may comprise or even consist essentially of polyamide. In some embodiments, the at least one reinforcing element may comprise a rod, finger, and/or plate.

In some embodiments, the first sole section and/or the second sole section do not extend along the entire length of the outsole. This may allow for targeted engineering of the characteristics of the outsole along its length. For example, a first sole section, which may be more rigid than a second sole section, may extend from a heel portion to a midfoot portion. Thus, the second sole section may extend from the toe portion to the midfoot portion where the second sole section overlaps the first sole section. Thus, on the one hand, toe bending may be enhanced, which is advantageous in sprinting, while more toe bending is advantageous in sprinting, and on the other hand stability is enhanced in heel parts.

Still further, by the first sole section and/or the second sole section not extending along the entire length of the outsole, the material used may be reduced and thus the weight of the outsole may be reduced.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also relate to a shoe including an upper and an outsole as described above. It will be appreciated that the advantages described above with respect to the outsole apply to footwear as well.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for manufacturing an outsole, in particular an outsole as described above. It should be appreciated that the features and corresponding advantages described above with respect to the outsole may also be applied to the method described for manufacturing the outsole. The method comprises the following steps:

(a) Manufacturing a first sole section;

(b) Placing a first placeholder on a foot-medial portion of the first sole section and a second placeholder on a foot-lateral portion of the first sole section;

(c) Injection molding the second sole section such that the first sole section and the second sole section are at least partially connected, and such that the first and second placeholders are each at least partially between the first sole section and the second sole section;

(d) Removing the first and second placeholders, and

(e) A first cushioning element and a second cushioning element are disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein a position of the first cushioning element corresponds at least in part to a position where the first placeholder was placed, and wherein a position of the second cushioning element corresponds at least in part to a position where the second placeholder was placed.

The method may allow for increased productivity. For example, increased productivity may be achieved by avoiding the need for a foaming step. As another example, because the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be preformed elements, these elements may be quickly arranged, which may reduce production time.

In some embodiments, the manufacturing of the first sole section in step (a) may include injection molding, 3D printing, and/or compression molding.

In some embodiments, between step (a) and step (c), the method may include the further step of placing the first sole section in a mold for injection molding in step (c). In such embodiments, if the first sole section is manufactured by injection molding and/or compression molding, the first sole section may remain in the corresponding mold for subsequent steps. Therefore, the efficiency of the method can be improved.

In some embodiments, the placeholders used during injection molding of the second sole section may be used to keep a space (e.g., a cavity) open in which the cushioning element is to be disposed. Furthermore, the placeholder may ensure that the second sole section comprises a fixed portion and at least one movable portion, the fixed portion being two-dimensionally connected to the first sole section, as described below. In some embodiments, the placeholder is a metal element. In some embodiments, the placeholders may be 3D printed. In some embodiments, the placeholders may comprise a grid and/or cell structure. In some embodiments, the first placeholder corresponds substantially in shape to the first cushioning element. Similarly, in some embodiments, the second placeholder may substantially correspond in shape to the second cushioning element. Thus, the cushioning element may be easily arranged in the outsole.

As described above with respect to the outsole, the first branch of the first sole section may at least partially house the first cushioning element. Furthermore, the second branch of the first sole section may at least partially accommodate a second cushioning element. Thus, in some embodiments, a first placeholder may be used to provide a cavity in a first branch, and a second placeholder may be used to provide a cavity in a second branch.

It should be understood that the method steps are preferably performed in the order given above. Particularly because of the efficiency that can be improved thereby.

After step (c), the second sole section may include a securing portion that is two-dimensionally connected to the first sole section. Furthermore, at least after step (c), the second sole section may comprise at least one movable part which is movable relative to the first sole section such that a distance between the at least one movable part and the first sole section may be varied, wherein the at least one movable part at least partially overlaps the first and/or the second placeholder.

The at least one movable portion may include a first movable portion overlapping the first placeholder and a second movable portion overlapping the second placeholder. It should be appreciated that the first movable portion may overlap the first branch of the first sole section and the second movable portion may overlap the second branch of the first sole section.

In some embodiments, removing the first and second footprints and/or disposing the first and second cushioning elements between the first and second sole sections may include changing a distance between the at least one movable portion and the first sole section. Thus, the placeholder can be removed more easily. Furthermore, it may be convenient to arrange the cushioning element in the outsole. Furthermore, due to the mobility of the parts, cushioning elements having different heights may be used. This may allow the outsole to be more easily customized.

In some embodiments, the fixation portion may be disposed in at least a toe portion of the outsole, a midfoot portion of the outsole, or both. Thereby, sufficient rigidity, i.e., stability, can be provided to the outsole.

The first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be adhered to the first sole section. Furthermore, at least one movable part of the second sole section may be adhered to the first sole section, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element. Thus, at least one movable part of the second sole section may be fixed and the cushioning element may be fixed. The adhesion may be carried out by means of an adhesive, optionally together with a primer. Furthermore, the adhesion may additionally or alternatively be performed by welding, such as laser welding, plasma welding, IR welding, and/or other means. In some embodiments, the adhering may additionally or alternatively be performed by compression molding.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an outsole for a shoe (e.g., a soccer shoe), including a last board. In such embodiments, the sole may include a first sole section, a second sole section, a first cushioning element, and a second cushioning element. It should be understood that these elements may be configured as described above. Furthermore, the corresponding advantages may be correspondingly applicable to an outsole according to another aspect.

In such embodiments, the outsole includes a first sole section that includes at least two cleats and is disposed at least in a midfoot portion of the outsole. In addition, the outsole includes a second sole section, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap. Furthermore, the outsole comprises a first cushioning element arranged between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the first cushioning element overlaps with at least one first stud of the first sole section. Furthermore, the outsole comprises a second cushioning element arranged between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the second cushioning element overlaps with at least one second stud of the first sole section.

In some embodiments, the second sole section may be a last board, and in particular a forefoot last board. Thus, the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element may be disposed between the first sole section and the last board. Thus, the last board may be covered by the first sole section. In some embodiments, the last board may be completely covered by the first sole section. In some embodiments, the last board may include pins (pins) to interact with the dimples of the cleats of the first sole section. In some embodiments, the last board may further include a slight recess for at least partially receiving the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element. In addition to the last board, a strobel last may be provided on the heel portion of the sole, i.e., the hindfoot.

The described figures each show at least one outsole 1 according to some embodiments. Reference numerals of corresponding features are consistently used. Therefore, all the features already described are not described again.

Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary outsole 1 for a shoe 50, i.e. a soccer shoe. The outsole 1 comprises a first sole section 2 comprising a plurality of cleats 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b. The first sole section extends from the toe portion 20 of the outsole 1 to the heel portion 30 of the outsole 1. Furthermore, the outsole 1 comprises a second sole section 3, which second sole section 3 comprises three studs and extends from the toe portion 20 of the outsole 1 in a direction towards the midfoot portion of the outsole 1. The first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 partially overlap. Thus, the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 do not extend along the entire length of the outsole 1. The outsole 1 furthermore comprises a first cushioning element 4 arranged between the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3. The first cushioning element 4 overlaps with two first studs 6a, 6b of the first sole section 2. Still further, the outsole 1 comprises a second cushioning element 5 arranged between the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3. The second cushioning element 5 overlaps with the two second studs 7a, 7b of the first sole section 2. The first 6a, 6b and the second 7a, 7b studs are attached to the first sole section 2. The first cushioning element 4 is arranged on a foot-medial portion of the outsole 1 and the second cushioning element 5 is arranged on a foot-lateral portion of the outsole 1.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the first sole section 2 comprises four holes 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, which at least partially overlap the first cushioning element 4 or the second cushioning element 5.

In particular, the four holes 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b comprise two bottom holes 8b, 9b. Thus, the first bottom hole 8b is adapted to expose the first cushioning element 4 towards a surface on which the outsole 1 will rest during normal use. The first sole hole 8b extends at least partially between the two first studs 6a, 6 b. The second bottom hole 9b is adapted to expose the second cushioning element 5 towards a surface on which the outsole 1 will rest during normal use. The second sole hole 9b extends at least partially between the two second studs 7a, 7 b.

More particularly, the four holes 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b comprise two lateral holes 8a, 9a adapted to expose the first cushioning element 4 in the medial foot direction of the outsole 1 and the second cushioning element 5 in the lateral foot direction of the outsole 1. The two lateral holes 8a, 9a do not have a closed contour in the first sole section. Instead, they are each a cut-out (cut-out) in the first sole section, which is defined by the second sole section, so that a respective hole 8a, 9a is formed.

Fig. 5 shows a detail of a first exemplary outsole according to some embodiments in a bottom view, wherein the modification is that the first sole section 2 comprises two further holes 8c, 9c, which further holes 8c, 9c at least partially overlap with the first cushioning element 4 or the second cushioning element 5. The modification shown in fig. 5 is illustrated in particular by fig. 16 to 19.

Generally, with respect to the description of the figures, the holes at least partially overlapping the first cushioning element 4 are referred to as first holes 8a, 8b, 8c. The holes at least partially overlapping the second cushioning element 5 are referred to as second holes 9a, 9b, 9c.

As can be seen in particular in fig. 2, the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5, as seen from the heel portion 30 of the outsole 1, also indicated by the arrow 100, do not extend beyond the area of the outsole 1 configured to support the metatarsal fat pad. Thus, seen from the heel portion 30, 100, the first sole section 2 extends beyond an area of the outsole 1 configured to support the metatarsal fat pad in a direction towards the toe portion 20, which area has a reduced cross-section—a cross-section in an area overlapping the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 relative to the first sole section 2.

As can be seen in particular from fig. 3, the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 are arranged at least partially in the midfoot portion 25. Thereby, the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 overlap in the midfoot portion 25. Furthermore, the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 also overlap in the toe portion 20.

The first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 comprise a foam material, which may have strain rate dependent material properties. Both cushioning elements 4, 5 extend along about 25% of the length of outsole 1. Moreover, the distance between the last point of the outsole 1 and each of the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 is about 50% to 55% of the length of the outsole 1.

All the exemplary outsoles according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 19 comprise a first sole section 2, which first sole section 2 extends from a heel portion 30 and branches into at least two branches 10, 15 in a direction towards a toe portion 20 of the outsole 1. Thereby, each of the two branches 10, 15 at least partially overlaps the second sole section 3.

Illustratively, in the embodiment of fig. 1 to 4, the first branch 10 comprises two first studs 6a, 6b and accommodates, at least in part, the first cushioning element 4. Furthermore, the second branch 15 comprises two second studs 7a, 7b and accommodates, at least partially, the second cushioning element 5. The first branch 10 extends along a medial foot portion of the outsole 1 and the second branch 15 extends along a lateral foot portion of the outsole 1. Furthermore, the first branch 10 comprises two first holes 8a, 8b and the second branch 15 comprises two second holes 9a, 9b. Possible arrangements of the holes on the branches of the first sole section 2 are described in more detail below with respect to fig. 16 to 19.

As can be further seen from the embodiments of fig. 1 to 4, the first branch 10 bridges the first cushioning element 4 in the longitudinal direction of the outsole 1 and is attached to the second sole section 3 at least after bridging the first cushioning element 4. Furthermore, the second branch 15 bridges the second cushioning element 5 in the longitudinal direction of the outsole 1 and is attached to the second sole section 3 at least after bridging the second cushioning element 5. Thus, the first branch 10 ends in a spike 40 attached to the first sole section 2, and the second branch 15 ends in a spike 45 attached to the first sole section 2. The cross-section of the first branch 10, seen from the heel portion 30 of the outsole 1, decreases after bridging the first cushioning element 4. Furthermore, the cross-section of the second branch 15, seen from the heel portion 30 of the outsole 1, decreases after bridging the second cushioning element 5.

Fig. 6 and 7 illustrate an exemplary shoe 50 according to some embodiments, which includes a second exemplary outsole 1. Shoe 50 also includes an upper 55. The second exemplary outsole 1 is basically configured as a first exemplary outsole such as shown in fig. 1. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. However, the outsole depicted in fig. 6 and 7 does not include bottom holes 8b, 9b as the first exemplary outsole. Furthermore, the first sole section 2 has a frame-like structure. Still further, the first branch 10 includes a lateral foot hole 8c directed toward a lateral foot portion of the outsole 1, such that the first cushioning element 4 is exposed toward the second branch 15. Furthermore, the first branch 10 comprises a lateral foot hole 8a, such that the first cushioning element 4 is exposed outwardly from the outsole 1 on the medial foot side. Thus, the second branch 15 comprises a medial foot side hole 9c (hidden) directed towards the medial foot portion of the outsole 1, such that the second cushioning element 5 is exposed towards the first branch 10. In addition, the second branch 15 includes a lateral foot hole 9a so that the second cushion member 5 is exposed from the outsole 1 in a lateral foot direction.

Fig. 8 and 9 show a second exemplary outsole according to fig. 6 and 7, wherein the branches 10, 15 do not comprise side holes 8c, 9c facing each other.

As can further be seen from the embodiment of the outsole 1 in fig. 6 to 9, the first branch 10 bridges the first cushioning element 4 in the longitudinal direction of the outsole 1 and is attached to the second sole section 3 at least before and after the bridging of the first cushioning element 4. Furthermore, the second branch 15 bridges the second cushioning element 5 in the longitudinal direction of the outsole 1 and is attached to the second sole section 3 at least before and after bridging the second cushioning element 5. Thus, both the first branch 10 and the second branch 15 terminate after bridging the respective cushioning element, without extending into the toe area 20. Furthermore, the second sole section 3 shown in fig. 6 to 9 comprises two additional studs in the forefoot region, compared to the embodiment shown in the previous figures. In the previously depicted embodiment, these two studs in the forefoot region are provided on the first sole section 2 and are provided with reference numerals 40, 45.

Fig. 10 and 11 illustrate another exemplary shoe 50 that includes a third exemplary outsole 1 according to some embodiments. The third exemplary outsole 1 is basically configured as the exemplary outsole described above. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. However, as shown in fig. 10, the outsole 1 differs from the previous ones in that the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 overlap only in a small portion. First, the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 are arranged directly between the upper 55 and the first sole section 2. Furthermore, the first cushioning element 4 overlaps only one first stud 6a, and the second cushioning element 5 overlaps only one second stud 7 a.

Fig. 12 and 13 illustrate a fourth example outsole 1 according to some embodiments. The fourth exemplary outsole 1 is basically configured as the exemplary outsole described above. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. Furthermore, the fourth exemplary outsole 1 comprises reinforcing elements 60 overlapping the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3. Thereby, one of the reinforcement elements 60 overlaps the first cushioning element 4, wherein the other of the reinforcement elements 60 overlaps the second cushioning element 5. The depicted reinforcing elements 60 may include hollow material rods, i.e., tubes, and/or all-material rods.

Fig. 14 and 15 show a fifth exemplary outsole 1, which essentially corresponds to the outsole shown in fig. 8 and 9. However, the fifth exemplary outsole 1 differs from the foregoing exemplary outsoles in that the first cushioning element 4 and the second cushioning element 5 (hidden) comprise 3D printing components, i.e., a 3D printing grid structure.

Fig. 16-19 illustrate a sixth example outsole 1 according to some embodiments. The sixth exemplary outsole 1 is basically configured as the exemplary outsole according to fig. 1 to 5 as described above. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. However, the arrangement of the holes will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 16 to 19.

The first branch 10 of the first sole section 2 comprises three first holes 8a, 8b, 8c. Thus, the three first apertures 8a, 8b, 8c comprise lateral foot apertures 8c directed towards the lateral foot portion of the outsole 1, such that the first cushioning element 4 is exposed towards the second branch 15. Furthermore, the three first apertures 8a, 8b, 8c comprise a first bottom aperture 8b, such that the first cushioning element 4 is exposed towards a surface on which the outsole 1 will rest during normal use. Furthermore, the three first apertures 8a, 8b, 8c comprise a lateral foot-side aperture 8a, such that the first cushioning element 4 is exposed outwardly from the outsole 1 on the medial foot side.

Furthermore, the second branch 15 comprises three second holes 9a, 9b, 9c. Thereby, the three second apertures 9a, 9b, 9c comprise a lateral medial aperture 9c directed towards the medial foot portion of the outsole 1, such that the second cushioning element 5 is exposed towards the first branch 10. Furthermore, the three second apertures 9a, 9b, 9c comprise a second bottom aperture 9b, such that the second cushioning element 5 is exposed towards the surface on which the outsole 1 will be placed during normal use. Furthermore, the three second holes 9a, 9b, 9c comprise lateral foot holes 9a, such that the second cushioning element 5 is exposed outwardly from the outsole 1 in the lateral foot direction.

Still further, as exemplarily depicted in fig. 18, the second sole section 3 comprises a cut-out 70. These incisions 70 may be used to locally reduce the stiffness of the outsole 1. In the fifth exemplary outsole, the cutout 70 is disposed between the first branch 10 and the second branch 15. However, as depicted in fig. 9, this is not required.

Fig. 20-24 illustrate a seventh exemplary outsole 1 according to some embodiments. The seventh exemplary outsole 1 is basically configured as the exemplary outsole described above. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. However, the second sole section 3 comprises a fixed portion 80c which is connected to the first sole section 2 in two dimensions. Furthermore, the second sole section 3 comprises at least one movable part 80a, 80b, which movable part 80a, 80b is movable relative to the first sole section 2, such that the distance between the at least one movable part 80a, 80b and the first sole section 2 can be varied.

As shown in fig. 20, 21 and 23, at least one movable portion 80a, 80b includes a first movable portion 80a overlapping the first cushioning element, and a second movable portion 80b overlapping the second cushioning element. The fixing portion 80c is disposed on the toe portion 20 of the outsole 1 and the midfoot portion 25 of the outsole 1. Each of the movable portions 80a, 80b and the fixed portion 80c is substantially tongue-shaped. In addition, the portions 80a, 80b, 80c are directed towards the heel portion 30 of the outsole 1. Furthermore, each of the movable portions 80a, 80b overlaps with a branch 10, 15 of the first sole section 2. The movable portions 80a, 80b are integrally formed with the fixed portion 80c. To complete the manufacture of the outsole 1, the movable portions 80a, 80b may be adhered to the first sole section 2, the first cushioning element 4 and/or the second cushioning element 5.

Fig. 25 shows a schematic view of an exemplary method 1000 for manufacturing the outsole 1. The method 1000 is particularly useful for manufacturing an outsole as described above. Thus, the outsole 1 of fig. 20-24 specifically illustrates aspects of the method 1000 according to some embodiments. The method 1000 comprises the steps of:

a) Manufacturing 1010 a first sole section 2;

b) Placing 1020 a first placeholder onto a foot-medial portion of the first sole section 2 and a second placeholder onto a foot-lateral portion of the first sole section 2;

c) Injection molding 1030 the second sole section 3 such that the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3 are at least partially connected and such that the first and second placeholders are each at least partially located between the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3;

d) Removing 1040 the first and second placeholders, and

e) Between the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3, a first cushioning element 4 and a second cushioning element 5 are arranged 1050, wherein the position of the first cushioning element 4 corresponds at least in part to the position where the first placeholder was placed, and wherein the position of the second cushioning element 5 corresponds at least in part to the position where the second placeholder was placed.

In fig. 24, step d) of removing 1040 the first and second placeholders has been performed. However, step e) has not yet been performed since the first cushioning element 4 and the second process element 5 are not arranged between the first sole section 2 and the second sole section 3.

As shown in fig. 20 and 21, the step e) has been performed. However, at least one movable portion 80a, 80b of the second sole section 3 has not yet adhered to the first sole section 2, the first cushioning element 4 and/or the second cushioning element 5.

Fig. 26 illustrates an outsole 500 according to some embodiments. The outsole 500 is used for a shoe, i.e., a soccer shoe. The outsole 500 includes a first sole section 2, the first sole section 2 including a plurality of cleats 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b. The first sole section 2 extends from the toe portion 20 of the outsole 500 to the heel portion 30 of the outsole 500. In addition, outsole 500 includes a second sole segment (which is concealed). The first sole section 2 and the (concealed) second sole section partially overlap. In addition, the outsole 500 comprises a first cushioning element 4 arranged between the first sole section 2 and the concealed second sole section. The first cushioning element 4 overlaps with two first studs 6a, 6b of the first sole section 2. Still further, the outsole 500 comprises a second cushioning element 5 arranged between the first sole section 2 and the concealed second sole section. The second cushioning element 5 overlaps with the two second studs 7a, 7b of the first sole section 2. The first 6a, 6b and the second 7a, 7b studs are attached to the first sole section 2. The first cushioning element 4 is arranged on a foot-medial portion of the outsole 1 and the second cushioning element 5 is arranged on a foot-lateral portion of the outsole 1.

As can be further seen, the first sole section 2 comprises two holes 8b, 9b, which at least partially overlap with the first cushioning element 4 or the second cushioning element 5. In particular, the two holes 8b, 9b are two bottom holes 8b, 9b. Thus, the first bottom hole 8b is adapted to expose the first cushioning element 4 towards a surface upon which the outsole 500 will rest during normal use. The first sole hole 8b extends at least partially between the two first studs 6a, 6 b. The second bottom hole 9b is adapted to expose the second cushioning element 5 towards a surface on which the outsole 500 will rest during normal use. The second sole hole 9b extends at least partially between the two second studs 7a, 7 b.

Outsole 500 may be configured as the exemplary outsole described above. This is particularly appreciated where reference numerals are used equally. Accordingly, all the features already described above are not described again. Illustratively, it should be understood that the outsole 500 may include any of the apertures 8a, 8b, 8c, 9a, 9b, 9c as described above. Further exemplary, the buffer elements 4, 5 may be configured as described above.

Fig. 27-28 illustrate an eighth exemplary outsole 101 according to another embodiment. The eighth example outsole 101 may be manufactured according to another method. In some cases, this further method may be referred to as the thirty-sixth embodiment (XXXVI). Although the method of manufacturing (XXXVI) of the outsole 101 in fig. 27-28 may be different from the previous embodiments described elsewhere herein, the outsole 101 may be configured similar to the outsoles described elsewhere herein. In particular, the outsole 101 may include and combine various features described in this disclosure. The reference numerals of the outsole 1 of the other embodiments described herein are increased by 100 (e.g., the outsole 1 of the other embodiments described herein is referred to as outsole 101 in fig. 27-28).

The outsole 101 includes a first sole section 102 and a second sole section 103, similar to that described herein. The second sole section 103 may be disposed in the toe portion 120 of the outsole 101. The outsole 101 may be integrally formed. For example, the outsole 101 may be provided as an integral sole unit. The outsole 101 has a first cushioning element 104 and/or a second cushioning element 105, which may be disposed substantially within the outsole 101. The outsole 101 may include a first cavity 104a and/or a first cavity 105a for receiving the first cushioning element 104 and/or the second cushioning element 105. The first cavity 104a may have an opening 104b for accessing the first cavity 104 a. The second opening 105a may also have an opening 105b for accessing said second cavity 105a. The opening 104b and/or the opening 105b may be provided on an upper side of the outsole 101, e.g., the side facing the insole of the shoe. As can be seen in the figures, the openings 104b and/or 105b are substantially smaller compared to the largest surface of the respective cavity 104a, 104b, which helps to accommodate the first cushioning element 104 and the second cushioning element 105, respectively. This is also advantageous from a manufacturing point of view, as will be described in further detail below.

As noted above, the outsole 101 may include various features of the outsole described elsewhere in this disclosure. For example, the first cavity 104a and/or the second cavity 105a may have holes 8a, 8b, 8c, 9a, 9b, 9c, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

The method (XXXVI) for manufacturing the outsole 101 may include one or more method steps described herein in the context of other embodiments. Alternatively or additionally, the method (XXXVI) for manufacturing the outsole 101 may particularly comprise the steps of:

a) Manufacturing an integrally formed outsole 101, wherein the outsole 101 comprises a first cavity 104a and/or a second cavity 105a, each cavity having an opening 104b, 105b for accessing said cavity 104a, 105 a;

b) Placing the outsole 101 in a mold, preferably a casting mold, optionally wherein the mold comprises any of the features as described elsewhere herein with respect to the mold, optionally wherein the mold is opened prior to placing the outsole 101 into the mold;

c) Applying a cushioning material (e.g., a foam material) into the first cavity 104a and/or the second cavity 105a, wherein the cushioning material may be any suitable cushioning material, preferably polyurethane, wherein applying the cushioning material preferably comprises pouring and/or injection, most preferably pouring;

d) At least partially closing the mold such that the cushioning material and outsole 101 are at least partially joined (adhered, glued, etc.) within first cavity 104a and/or second cavity 105a to form first cushioning element 104 and/or second cushioning element 105;

An advantage of this method (XXXVI) is that outsole 101 may be integrally formed and may be easily attached to upper 55, as described elsewhere herein. In particular, such a method (XXXVI) may not require the manufacture of separate sole sections and/or movable parts. Furthermore, the cushioning elements 104, 105 may be directly attached (adhered, glued, etc.) to the outsole 101. Thus, the method (XXXVI) is rather simple, straightforward, and requires a small number of individual steps. In particular, since fewer manual steps are required, the quality of the outsole 101 may be improved. It is well known that manual steps may be prone to error. Thus, the complexity is reduced and method (XXXVI) is more cost effective. Furthermore, since an adhesive may not be required, sustainability is improved. This may further result in a weight reduction of the outsole 101. Another advantage of method (XXXVI) is that it allows for providing various geometries of the outsole 101 and/or portions of the outsole 101. This is possible because the cavities 104a, 105a may be filled with a cushioning material in a liquid state.

In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the outsole may be manufactured according to another method. In some cases, this further method may be referred to as the thirty-seventh embodiment (XXXVII). The method for manufacturing an outsole (XXXVII) may include one or more of the method steps described herein in the context of other embodiments. Alternatively or additionally, the method for manufacturing an outsole (XXXVII) may particularly comprise the steps of:

a) Placing one or more cushioning elements 4, 5, 104, 105 in a mold; the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 may be provided as described elsewhere herein.

b) The first sole section 2, 102 and/or the second sole section 3, 103 are injection molded onto the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 placed in the mold. It should be appreciated that the injection molding may include applying a suitable material (e.g., a polymer, etc., as described elsewhere herein) to form the first sole section 2, 102 and/or the second sole section 3, 103 on the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105.

b1 The injection moulding (b) may be performed in a single injection step such that the first sole section 2, 102 and/or the second sole section 3, 103 is substantially directly connected (adhered, glued, etc.) to the one or more cushioning elements 4, 5, 104, 105.

b2 Alternatively, the first sole section 2, 102 may be injected onto the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 in a first injection step. Subsequently, in a second injection step, the second sole section 3, 103 may be injected over the first sole section 2, 102 and/or over the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105.

c) Optionally, the buffer element 4, 5, 104, 105 may comprise a protective layer, such that during the single injection step (b 1) and/or the first and second injection step (b 2) any influence of environmental influences and/or during handling/during application of the manufacturing method (XXXVII) may be reduced and/or substantially reduced. In one example, the protective layer may be injected onto the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 in a single injection step (b 1) and/or in an intermediate step before the first and second injection step (b 2). Alternatively, the protective layer may be attached to the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 with one or more adhesives. Preferably, the protective layer may be attached to the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 or injected onto the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105 at a lower pressure and/or temperature than the pressure and/or temperature during injection molding in step (b), step (b 1) and/or step (b 2).

As an alternative to steps a) and b), method (XXXVII) comprises:

d) The first sole section 2, 102 is injection molded in a first injection step, preferably into a mold. It should be appreciated that the injection molding may include applying a suitable material (e.g., a polymer as described elsewhere herein, etc.) to the first sole section 2, 102.

e) One or more cushioning elements 4, 5, 104, 105 are injection molded in a second injection step such that the one or more cushioning elements 4, 5, 104, 105 are substantially directly connected (adhered, glued, etc.) to the first sole section 2, 102.

f) Optionally, one or more protective layers are injected for the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105. This may be substantially similar to step c) of method (XXXVII) above. Similar advantages apply here as well.

g) In a third injection step, the second sole section 3, 103 is injection-molded onto the first sole section 2, 102 and/or the cushioning element 4, 5, 104, 105.

This method (XXXVII) helps to reduce the manual assembly steps of the outsole. Therefore, time and effort required for manufacturing can be reduced. In turn, method (XXXVII) is more cost-effective. In particular, the method allows an automatic injection molding step to be performed, which can be monitored and controlled very easily.

The outsole manufactured according to method (XXXVII) may be configured similar to outsole 1, 101, 500 described elsewhere herein. However, in some cases, the structure of the outsole manufactured according to method (XXXVII) may be different from the outsoles 1, 101, 500 described elsewhere herein. This may be because the protective layer may become visible, which may provide guidance during manufacturing. This may allow the outsole made according to method (XXXVII) to be distinguished from outsoles made according to other methods.

While various embodiments have been described herein, they have been presented by way of example and not limitation. Based on the teachings and guidance presented herein, it should be apparent that adaptations and modifications are intended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It will therefore be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The elements of the embodiments presented herein are not necessarily mutually exclusive, but are interchangeable to meet various circumstances as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail herein with reference to the embodiments as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to indicate identical or functionally similar elements. References to "one/an" embodiment, "some embodiments," and "in some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.

These examples are illustrative of the present disclosure and are not limiting. Other suitable modifications and adaptations of the various conditions and parameters normally encountered in the art, which are obvious to those skilled in the art, are also within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. The breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

Further embodiment

The following examples are further consistent with the present disclosure.

1. An outsole for a shoe, the outsole comprising:

a first sole section including at least one cleat and disposed at least in a midfoot portion of the outsole;

a second sole section, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap;

a first cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the first cushioning element overlaps at least one stud of the first sole section; and

a second cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section.

2. The outsole of embodiment 1, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section are integrally formed.

3. The outsole of embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the second sole section comprises a fixed portion and at least one movable portion.

4. The outsole of embodiment 3, wherein the fixed portion and the at least one movable portion are integrally formed.

5. The outsole of embodiment 3 or 4, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section are integrally formed, and wherein the fixed portion is integrally connected to the first sole section, and the at least one movable portion is adhered to the first sole section.

6. The outsole of embodiments 3-5, wherein the at least one movable portion overlaps at least one of the first cushioning element or the second cushioning element.

7. The outsole of embodiments 3-6, wherein the at least one movable portion is adhered to at least one of the first cushioning element or the second cushioning element.

8. The outsole of embodiments 3-7, wherein the second sole section includes a plurality of the movable portions.

9. The outsole of embodiment 8, wherein a first one of the movable portions overlaps the first cushioning element and a second one of the movable portions overlaps the second cushioning element.

10. The outsole of embodiment 8 or 9, wherein a first one of the movable portions is adhered to the first cushioning element and a second one of the movable portions is adhered to the second cushioning element.

11. The outsole of embodiments 3-10, wherein the first sole section branches into at least two branches in a direction toward a toe portion of the outsole, wherein a first one of the movable portions overlaps a first one of the branches, and wherein a second one of the movable portions overlaps a second one of the branches.

12. The outsole of embodiment 11, wherein the first branch includes at least one stud and the second branch includes at least one stud.

13. The outsole of embodiments 1-12, wherein the second cushioning element overlaps at least one stud of the first sole section.

14. The outsole of embodiments 1-13, wherein the first sole section and/or the second sole section comprises at least one aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element or the second cushioning element.

15. The outsole of embodiment 14, wherein the at least one aperture comprises at least one bottom aperture adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element towards a surface upon which the outsole will rest during normal use.

16. The outsole of embodiment 14 or 15, wherein the at least one hole comprises at least one side hole adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element in a lateral foot direction of the outsole or a medial foot direction of the outsole.

17. The outsole of embodiments 1-16, wherein the first cushioning element comprises a first compressibility characterized by a first change in height when a force is applied to the first cushioning element in a vertical direction, the second cushioning element comprises a second compressibility characterized by a second change in height when a force is applied to the second cushioning element in a vertical direction, and the second change in height is less than the first change in height.

18. A shoe comprising an upper and an outsole according to embodiments 1-17.

19. A method for manufacturing the outsole of embodiments 1-17, the method comprising:

manufacturing a first sole section;

placing a first placeholder on a foot-medial portion of the first sole section and a second placeholder on a foot-lateral portion of the first sole section;

injection molding a second sole section such that the first sole section and the second sole section are at least partially connected, and such that the first and second footprints are each at least partially between the first sole section and the second sole section;

removing the first and second placeholders, and

the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element are disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein a position of the first cushioning element corresponds at least in part to a position at which the first placeholder is placed, and wherein a position of the second cushioning element corresponds at least in part to a position at which the second placeholder is placed.

20. The method of embodiment 19, wherein at least after injection molding the second sole section, the second sole section comprises:

A fixed portion two-dimensionally connected to the first sole section; and

at least one movable portion movable relative to the first sole segment such that a distance between the at least one movable portion and the first sole segment may vary, wherein the at least one movable portion at least partially overlaps the first and/or second footprints.

Claims

1. An outsole for a shoe, the outsole comprising:

a second sole section comprising at least one stud and arranged at least at a toe portion of the outsole, wherein the first sole section and the second sole section partially overlap;

a first cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the first cushioning element overlaps at least one first stud of a first sole section or a second sole section; and

a second cushioning element disposed between the first sole section and the second sole section, wherein the second cushioning element overlaps at least one second stud of the first sole section or the second sole section.

2. The outsole of claim 1, wherein the first sole section and/or the second sole section comprises at least one aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element or the second cushioning element.

3. The outsole of claim 2, wherein the at least one aperture comprises at least one bottom aperture adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element towards a surface upon which the outsole will rest during normal use.

4. An outsole as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the at least one aperture comprises at least one side aperture adapted to expose the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element in a lateral foot direction of the outsole or a medial foot direction of the outsole.

5. The outsole of any one of claims 2-4, wherein the at least one aperture comprises at least one first aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element.

6. The outsole of any one of claims 2-5, wherein the at least one aperture includes at least one second aperture that at least partially overlaps the second cushioning element.

7. The outsole of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the first sole section extends beyond a region of the outsole, as viewed from a heel portion of the outsole, the region configured to support a metatarsal fat pad in a direction toward a toe portion, the region having a reduced cross-section relative to a cross-section in a region of the first sole section that overlaps the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element;

optionally, wherein at least one first stud and at least one second stud are attached to the first sole section.

8. The outsole of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first cushioning element is disposed on a midfoot portion of the outsole and the second cushioning element is disposed on a midfoot portion of the outsole, wherein a minimum distance between the first cushioning element and the second cushioning element is in a range of 3mm to 20 mm.

9. The outsole of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element is at least partially disposed at the midfoot portion, wherein preferably the first sole section and the second sole section overlap at the midfoot portion of the outsole.

10. The outsole of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element comprises a foam material.

11. The outsole of any one of claims 1-10, wherein a distance between a last point of the outsole and a last point of the first cushioning element and/or the second cushioning element is between 30% and 60% of a length of the outsole.

12. The outsole of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the first sole section branches into at least two branches in a direction toward a toe portion of the outsole,

wherein each of the two branches at least partially overlaps the second sole section,

wherein the first branch comprises at least one first spike and at least partially accommodates said first cushioning element,

wherein the second branch comprises at least one second stud and at least partially accommodates said second cushioning element,

wherein the first branch extends along a midfoot portion of the outsole and the second branch extends along a midfoot portion of the outsole.

13. The outsole of claim 12, wherein the at least one aperture comprises at least one first aperture that at least partially overlaps the first cushioning element, wherein the first branch comprises the at least one first aperture, and wherein the at least one first aperture comprises a lateral foot aperture that is directed toward a lateral foot portion of the outsole such that the first cushioning element is exposed toward the second branch.

14. An outsole as claimed in claim 12 or 13, wherein the cross-section of the first and/or second branches, as seen from the heel portion of the outsole, decreases after bridging the first and/or second cushioning elements.

15. The outsole of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the first sole section and/or the second sole section does not extend along the entire length of the outsole.

16. A shoe comprising an upper and an outsole according to any one of claims 1-15.