CN116965332B - Breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating functions - Google Patents
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 85
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- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
- A01H1/102—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine involving modified carbohydrate or sugar alcohol metabolism, e.g. starch biosynthesis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/10—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits
- A01H1/101—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine
- A01H1/107—Processes for modifying non-agronomic quality output traits, e.g. for industrial processing; Value added, non-agronomic traits involving biosynthetic or metabolic pathways, i.e. metabolic engineering, e.g. nicotine or caffeine involving pigment biosynthesis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method of potatoes with both appreciation and eating, which comprises the following steps: carrying out hybridization by taking Zhejiang University anti-potato powder as a female parent and taking Zibao Li as a male parent to obtain a solid seed; seedling raising in a seedling greenhouse, selecting plants with flowers and many solanaceous fruits, selecting potato blocks with purple skin and purple meat for planting, selecting plants with leaves and stems in a seedling stage which are light purple for continuous planting, selecting plants with flowers and many solanaceous fruits, and selecting plants with purple skin and purple meat for planting, wherein the potato blocks are selected for uniform homozygous and stable planting; selecting and reserving high anthocyanin clone plants for planting; selecting a clone plant with a longer ornamental period for planting; selecting and reserving a clone plant with low amylose for planting; and selecting a high-yield clone plant with remained potato blocks, planting and identifying the clone plant in a stage, and breeding the clone plant to obtain the potato with both appreciation and eating. The invention not only can obtain potatoes with both appreciation and eating, but also obviously reduces breeding groups, has the technical advantages of labor saving and cost saving, and realizes the advantages of better and more efficient breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of potato breeding, in particular to a breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating functions.
Background
The potatoes are generally self-incompatible, the varieties of flowering and fruiting of the plants are few, grafting cultivation is reported on the potatoes and tomatoes, the potatoes grow on the upper part and the potatoes grow on the lower part, a double harvest is realized, but the actual large-scale application is not seen, the existing potato plants with flowering capacity have early flowering period, short ornamental period and defects in ornamental aspect; the existing potato plants with low amylose content have the characteristic of flowering rarely, or the ornamental period is too short, so that the ornamental effect cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the invention provides a breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating functions, and the method is a novel potato variety with the function of viewing and eating functions, longer viewing time, lower amylose content and double harvest on the ground and underground, and is suitable for developing agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating functions. The agricultural potato obtained by the method has the advantages of flowering and solanaceous fruit on the ground, and forming purple Pi Zi meat potato blocks on the ground, one plant is double-harvested, the obtained variety has longer ornamental time and lower amylose content, and compared with the parent, the agricultural potato has better taste and both appreciation and eating, and is suitable for developing agriculture.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
A breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating effects comprises the following steps:
(1) Hybridizing Zhejiang University anti-potato powder serving as a female parent and Zibao Li serving as a male parent to obtain F 1 generation seed;
(2) F 1, seedling raising in a greenhouse, selecting plants with flowers left and many fruits left during flowering and fruiting, continuing planting, and selecting potato blocks with purple skin and purple meat and homozygous whole plants after harvesting the potato blocks to obtain S 1 generation;
(3) Planting the plants of the generation S 1, keeping the leaves and stems in the seedling stage to be light purple, continuing planting, after flowering and fruiting, selecting the plants with flowers and more fruits, and after harvesting the plants, selecting the plants with purple skin and uniform homozygously stable potato blocks to obtain the seed potato of the generation S 2;
(4) Planting the S 2 generation, and measuring the clone plants with high anthocyanin to obtain S 3 generation seed potato;
(5) Planting the generation S 3, and selecting a clone plant with a longer ornamental period to obtain the generation S 4 seed potato;
(6) Planting the generation S 4, and selecting and reserving a clone plant with low amylose content to obtain the generation S 5 seed potato;
(7) Planting the generation S 5, and selecting a clone plant with high yield of remained potato blocks to obtain the generation S 6 seed potato;
(8) And planting the S 6 generations in stages, selecting plants with more flowers, more fruits of solanaceae, high anthocyanin and high yield, and breeding to obtain the potato with both appreciation and eating.
Wherein, zhejiang University is a new potato functional variety with high resistant starch content, light red skin, yellow flesh, purple pollen and solanaceous fruit bred at Zhejiang university, and the new plant variety right protection (application number: 20221000976) is applied to the agricultural rural department, and the new plant variety right protection notice is detailed in 2022, 7-month and 1-day.
Purple Baoli is a new variety of color potato introduced from Canada in China. For detailed information on violin, see: ma Zhirong purple-black potato variety, ZIBAoli, 2011, 13; the purple skin purple meat and flower have white basic results, are rich in anthocyanin, have fine, fragrant and glutinous superior quality, and integrate nutrition, health care and ornamental.
Further, in the steps (2) to (3), the number of flowers is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, and the number of on-ground solanaceous fruits is more than or equal to 10 plants/plant is used as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving flowers and fruiting multiple plants.
Further, in the step (4), anthocyanin is not less than 3.0mg/g as an evaluation standard for selecting and retaining high anthocyanin clone plants.
In the step (5), the time of the initial flowering period is 5 days or more later than that of the parent initial flowering period simultaneously, and the evaluation standard of the clone plants with longer ornamental period is selected.
The initial flowering period refers to the time of first flowering of the plant, the period from the time of harvesting to the time of maturation of the potato plant is an ornamental period, the rapid aging of the plant in the mature stage of the result after the end of the flowering period obviously affects the ornamental effect, and the delay of the initial flowering period does not shorten the flowering period time, but can make the ornamental period of the potato plant longer.
Further, in the step (6), the amylose content is obviously lower than Zhejiang University anti-potato and purple-borer or is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the evaluation standard of selecting and reserving the clone plants with low amylose content is used.
Further, in the step (7), the yield of underground potato blocks is more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu, which is used as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving high-yield clone plants of potato blocks.
Further, in the step (8), the S 6 generation is planted in stages, namely, the planting is carried out once every 6-8 days, and the total planting is carried out for 2-4 times.
Further, in the step (8), the evaluation criteria of more flowering, more fruiting, high anthocyanin and high yield are selected in the mode that the flowering number is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, the number of the solanaceae is more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant, the anthocyanin is more than or equal to 3.0mg/g, and the potato block yield is more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The agricultural potato bred by the invention takes Zhejiang University anti-powder potato as a female parent and purple-Baoli as a male parent, the bred potato has the characteristics of white flower-bearing solanaceous fruit of overground plants and potato blocks of purple-red skin purple meat of underground plants, is rich in anthocyanin and zinc, has better fresh food quality than parents, and the bred variety has long ornamental period, is suitable for ornamental, has low amylose content, has better taste than the parents, can take into account multiple purposes, and is suitable for developing agriculture.
(2) The parent Zhejiang University with more flowers is selected as the female parent, so that the hybrid F 1 is obtained by hybridization; and the color of the leaves and the stems of the parent Zibao is related to that of the purple Pi Zi meat, so that the breeding population is quickly reduced, the breeding is obviously improved, and the method has the characteristic of high efficiency.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The breeding method provided in the following examples is a breeding method of agricultural type potatoes based on purple sweet potato and Zhejiang University anti-potato powder.
The Zhejiang University anti-powder potato line is a new potato functional characteristic variety with high resistant starch content, light red skin, yellow flesh and more rare flowering and fruiting, which is bred at Zhejiang university, has been applied for the protection of new plant variety rights (application number: 20221000976) to the agricultural rural department, and can be purchased from atomic nucleus agricultural science institute at Zhejiang university, with a detailed notice of the protection of new plant variety rights at 7 months 1 of 2022.
Purple Baoli is a new variety of color potato introduced from Canada in China. Detailed information of violacein, join: ma Zhirong purple-black potato variety, purple-Baoli, 2011, 13 from rural encyclopedia. The product has the basic results of purple skin and purple meat, white bloom and flowers, is rich in anthocyanin, has fine, smooth, fragrant and glutinous superior quality, integrates nutrition, health care and ornamental, and can be conveniently obtained from online purchase.
Example 1
Research on flowering and fruiting characteristics and purple She Zipi and purple meat association of potatoes
The positive and negative cross tests are respectively carried out by taking 2 potato varieties Zhejiang University of the invention as the materials, and the results show that:
(1) The Zhejiang University anti-powder potato with good self-compatibility, more flowering, more fruiting and light red skin and yellow flesh is used as a female parent, and the fruiting of the eggplant is more, so that F 1 seeds are very easy to obtain; and the seeds are hardly grown on solanaceous fruits and F 1 seeds are obtained by taking the purple peel, purple flesh and purple Baoli as female parent. Therefore, zhejiang University anti-potato is very necessary to be selected as a female parent in the process of preparing a breeding plan;
(2) Whether the potato variety Zibao is used as a male parent or a female parent, the tracking observation of F 1 and offspring shows that the leaves and stems of the potato variety Zibao also can early show light purple leaves if the potato variety Zibao is purple Pi Zi meat, and the leaves and stems have extremely obvious correlation, so the purple leaves and stems can be used as early selection standards of the purple skin purple meat.
TABLE 1 Zhejiang University research on the flowering and fruiting characteristics of Kaolin and Zibao and purple She Zipi purple meat
Example 2
A breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating effects comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Hybridizing Zhejiang University anti-potato powder serving as a female parent and Zibao Li serving as a male parent to obtain F 1 generation seed;
(2) F 1, seedling raising in a greenhouse, selecting plants with flowers left and many fruits left during flowering and fruiting, continuing planting, and selecting potato blocks with purple skin and purple meat and homozygous whole plants after harvesting the potato blocks to obtain S 1 generation;
The flowering number is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, and the number of the on-ground solanaceous fruits is more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant is used as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving the flowering and fruiting multiple plants of the solanaceous fruits;
(3) Planting the plants of the generation S 1, keeping the leaves and stems in the seedling stage to be light purple, continuing planting, after flowering and fruiting, selecting the plants with flowers and more fruits, and after harvesting the plants, selecting the plants with purple skin and uniform homozygously stable potato blocks to obtain the seed potato of the generation S 2;
The flowering number is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, and the number of the on-ground solanaceous fruits is more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant is used as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving the flowering and fruiting multiple plants of the solanaceous fruits;
(4) Planting the S 2 generation, and measuring the clone plants with high anthocyanin to obtain S 3 generation seed potato;
the anthocyanin is more than or equal to 3.0mg/g as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving high anthocyanin clone plants;
(5) Planting the generation S 3, and selecting a clone plant with a longer ornamental period to obtain the generation S 4 seed potato;
Taking the time of the initial flowering period and more than 5 days later than the parent initial flowering period as a clone plant evaluation standard with longer ornamental period;
(6) Planting the generation S 4, and selecting and reserving a clone plant with low amylose content to obtain the generation S 5 seed potato;
the amylose is obviously lower than Zhejiang University to resist against potato and purple Baoli, or the content of the amylose is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the amylose is used as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving clone plants with low content of the amylose;
(7) Planting the generation S 5, and selecting a clone plant with high yield of remained potato blocks to obtain the generation S 6 seed potato;
Taking the underground potato blocks with the yield of more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu as an evaluation standard of selecting and reserving high-yield clone plants of potato blocks;
(8) Planting S 6 generations in stages, selecting plants with more flowers, more fruits of solanaceae, high anthocyanin and high yield and stable viewing and eating properties, and breeding to obtain agricultural potatoes, wherein the initially named as' agricultural potato;
The S 6 generation is planted in a stage mode that sowing is carried out once every 7 days, and sowing is carried out 3 times in total; the evaluation criteria of more flowering, more fruiting, high anthocyanin and high yield are selected by using the flowering number of more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, the solanaceous fruit number of more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant, anthocyanin of more than or equal to 3.0mg/g and potato block yield of more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu.
The comparison of anthocyanin, zinc and amylose contents of various varieties is shown in Table 2, and the measurement methods of various indexes in Table 2 are as follows: anthocyanin see: GB/T22244-2008; zinc see: GB/T5009.14-2003; amylose is found in GBT 15683; amylose is found in: yang Huanchun et al comparison of methods for measuring amylose content of potato tubers chinese potato, 2015, 06.
Table 2 Zhejiang University comparison of various Properties and indices of anti-powder potato, purple sweet potato and agricultural invasive potato
Note that: * Representing very significant differences at levels 0.05 and 0.01 compared to Zhejiang University anti-potato
The anthocyanin content of the 'agricultural invasive potato' bred by the invention is 3.49mg/g, which is obviously higher than that of two parents; the zinc content of the bred 'nong-invasive potato' is 28.9 percent, which is obviously higher than that of two parents; the parent 'Zhejiang University anti-potato' and 'Zibao' have amylose content of 31.5% and 27.9%, respectively, and the taste is dry and general; the bred 'nong-invasive potato' has the amylose content of 20.9%, softer and glutinous mouthfeel and better taste quality, and is suitable for fresh eating of vegetables.
The agricultural potato bred by the method has the advantages that the leaves and stems are light purple in appearance, most of the colors are blue purple, purple black color can appear on the individual column heads, the underground fruit is obtained, the purple red potato peel and purple potato pulp are obtained, the plants are provided with very good ornamental characteristics on the ground and underground, the time from sowing to flowering is longer, and the time is better than that of two parents, so that the agricultural potato is more suitable for developing agriculture.
Claims (2)
1. A breeding method for potatoes with both appreciation and eating functions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Hybridizing Zhejiang University anti-potato powder serving as a female parent and Zibao Li serving as a male parent to obtain F 1 generation seed;
(2) F 1, seedling raising in a greenhouse, selecting plants with flowers left and many fruits left during flowering and fruiting, continuing planting, and selecting potato blocks with purple skin and purple meat and homozygous whole plants after harvesting the potato blocks to obtain S 1 generation;
In the step (2), the evaluation standard of selecting and reserving flowers and fruiting multiple solanaceous plants is that the flowering number is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant and the number of on-ground solanaceous fruits is more than or equal to 10 plants/plant;
(3) Planting the plants of the generation S 1, keeping the leaves and stems in the seedling stage to be light purple, continuing planting, after flowering and fruiting, selecting the plants with flowers and more fruits, and after harvesting the plants, selecting the plants with purple skin and uniform homozygously stable potato blocks to obtain the seed potato of the generation S 2;
in the step, the evaluation standard of selecting and reserving flowers and fruiting multiple plants of solanaceous fruits is that the flowering number is more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant and the number of on-ground solanaceous fruits is more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant;
(4) Planting the S 2 generation, and measuring the clone plants with high anthocyanin to obtain S 3 generation seed potato;
in the step (4), anthocyanin is not less than 3.0mg/g as an evaluation standard for selecting and reserving high anthocyanin clone plants;
(5) Planting the generation S 3, and selecting a clone plant with a longer ornamental period to obtain the generation S 4 seed potato;
in the step (5), the time of the initial flowering period is simultaneously more than 5 days later than that of the parent initial flowering period to be used as a clone plant evaluation standard with longer selected ornamental period;
(6) Planting the generation S 4, and selecting and reserving a clone plant with low amylose content to obtain the generation S 5 seed potato;
in the step (6), the amylose is obviously lower than Zhejiang University anti-potato and purple Baoli or the content of the amylose is less than or equal to 20 percent, and the evaluation standard of selecting and reserving the clone plants with low content of the amylose is used;
(7) Planting the generation S 5, and selecting a clone plant with high yield of remained potato blocks to obtain the generation S 6 seed potato;
In the step (7), the yield of underground potato blocks is more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu as an evaluation standard of selecting and reserving high-yield clone plants of potato blocks;
(8) Planting S 6 generations in stages, selecting plants with more flowers, more fruits of solanaceae, high anthocyanin and high yield, and breeding to obtain potatoes with both appreciation and eating;
In the step (8), the evaluation criteria of more flowering, more solanaceous fruits, high anthocyanin and high yield are selected by using the flowering number of more than or equal to 25 flowers/plant, the solanaceous fruits number of more than or equal to 10 flowers/plant, the anthocyanin of more than or equal to 3.0mg/g and the potato block yield of more than or equal to 2500 jin/mu.
2. The method for selectively breeding potatoes for both appreciation and eating according to claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the step of planting the S 6 generations in stages is performed once every 6 to 8 days, and the total time of sowing is 2 to 4 times.
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| WO2011053135A2 (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-05 | Agventure B.V. | Hybrid seed potato breeding |
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