CN116929438B - Performance test method and device for sensor - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a performance test method and device of a sensor, belonging to the technical field of sensors, wherein the method comprises the following steps: reading a preset electrode characteristic index and a technical characteristic index of the sensor; the target sensor is sequentially detected for electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise and electrode extremely poor stability, and the results are weighted to obtain an electrode performance index. Simultaneously, the static characteristic index and the dynamic characteristic index of the sensor are tested under different environmental conditions, and the static performance index and the dynamic performance index are respectively obtained. And finally, calculating three indexes by using an entropy weight method, and comprehensively evaluating to obtain a comprehensive performance index, wherein the comprehensive performance index accurately reflects the overall performance level of the sensor under different working conditions. The application solves the technical problem that the performance of the sensor cannot be comprehensively and accurately evaluated in the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of reliably and accurately evaluating the performance of the sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a performance test method and device of a sensor.
Background
Sensors are important elements in modern detection and control systems, whose performance directly affects the performance of the overall system. Therefore, accurate and comprehensive testing and evaluation of the performance of the sensor are a precondition for ensuring normal and stable operation of the system. The existing sensor performance test method is incomplete in test coverage, the overall performance of the sensor is difficult to evaluate accurately, and the dynamic response performance of the sensor in different working environments cannot be tested effectively, so that the existing test method cannot evaluate different types of sensors comprehensively and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a performance test method and device for a sensor, and aims to solve the technical problem that the performance of the sensor cannot be comprehensively and accurately evaluated in the prior art.
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for testing performance of a sensor.
In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for testing performance of a sensor is provided, the method comprising: reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index comprises an electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode extremely poor stability; sequentially detecting the electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, and respectively obtaining the target electrode type, target reversibility level, target electrochemical performance level, target self-noise level and target extremely poor stability; weighting calculation is carried out on the type of the target electrode, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability, and the target electrode performance index is determined; reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index; under a first environmental condition, testing a preset technical characteristic index of a target sensor to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter; preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain target static performance indexes; under a second environmental condition, testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter; comparing and analyzing the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through a sensing signal comparison module to obtain a target dynamic performance index; and calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by using an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a performance testing apparatus for a sensor, the apparatus comprising: an electrode characteristic index unit for reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index includes an electrode type, an electrode reversibility, an electrode electrochemical performance, an electrode self-noise level, and an electrode extremely poor stability; the target index acquisition unit is used for sequentially detecting the electrode type, the electrode reversibility, the electrode electrochemical performance, the electrode self-noise level and the electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, and respectively obtaining the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability; the target performance index unit is used for carrying out weighted calculation on the type of the target electrode, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target range stability, and determining the target electrode performance index; the technical characteristic index unit is used for reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index; the technical index information unit is used for testing the preset technical characteristic index of the target sensor under the first environment condition to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter; the static performance index unit is used for preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain a target static performance index; the dynamic index testing unit is used for testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor under the second environmental condition to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter; the dynamic performance index unit is used for carrying out comparison analysis on the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module to obtain a target dynamic performance index; the comprehensive performance index unit is used for calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by utilizing an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor.
One or more technical schemes provided by the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the method comprises the steps of firstly reading the preset electrode characteristic index and the technical characteristic index of a sensor; then, sequentially detecting the electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise and electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, and weighting the results to obtain an electrode performance index; simultaneously, testing the static characteristic index and the dynamic characteristic index of the sensor under different environmental conditions, and respectively obtaining a static performance index and a dynamic performance index; finally, the three indexes are weighted and calculated by utilizing an entropy weight method, and the technical scheme of comprehensively evaluating the target dynamic comprehensive performance indexes is obtained, so that the technical problem that the performance of the sensor cannot be comprehensively and accurately evaluated in the prior art is solved, and the technical effect of reliably and accurately evaluating the performance of the sensor is achieved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present application in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible flow chart of a performance test method of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a possible target self-noise level obtained in a performance test method of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a possible process for obtaining a target dynamic performance index in a performance test method of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a performance testing apparatus of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: an electrode characteristic index unit 11, a target performance index unit 13, a technical characteristic index unit 14, a technical index information unit 15, a static performance index unit 16, a dynamic index test unit 17, a dynamic performance index unit 18 and a comprehensive performance index unit 19.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme provided by the application has the following overall thought:
the embodiment of the application provides a performance test method and device of a sensor. The comprehensive performance evaluation result is finally obtained by detecting more comprehensive and accurate performance indexes, repeating the test under different environmental conditions and evaluating by adopting a weighting algorithm, and the accurate and comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the sensor is realized.
Firstly, the characteristic index of a preset electrode is read, and the basic performance characteristics and stability of the sensor are accurately judged by testing the type of the electrode, the reversibility of the electrode, the electrochemical performance of the electrode, the self-noise of the electrode and the extremely poor stability of the electrode. Then, the static characteristic index and the dynamic characteristic index of the sensor are detected. Wherein, the repeated test of dynamic characteristic index can overcome the influence that environmental change brought, judges the dynamic response performance of sensor more accurately. And finally, calculating the test result of the index by adopting an entropy weight method, and comprehensively evaluating to obtain the target comprehensive performance index.
Having described the basic principles of the present application, various non-limiting embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a performance testing method of a sensor, including:
step S100: reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index comprises an electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode extremely poor stability;
specifically, in order to facilitate testing and evaluation of electrode performance of the target sensor, individual electrode characteristic indicators including electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level, electrode tip stability are predetermined. Wherein, the electrode type refers to the material and structure type of the electrode, such as a metal electrode, a carbon-based electrode, a polymer electrode and the like; electrode reversibility refers to the reversibility degree of an electrode in an electrochemical reaction, and reflects the consistency of current response of the electrode in forward and reverse polarization; the electrochemical performance of an electrode refers to the activity and stability of the electrode to promote an electrochemical reaction; the self-noise of the electrode refers to intrinsic noise generated by the electrode under the condition of not being interfered by external signals, and the intrinsic stability of the electrode is reflected; the electrode extremely poor stability refers to the change condition of extremely poor potential of an electrode in a certain time range, and reflects the long-term stability of the electrode. By reading the preset value of the electrode characteristic index, a foundation is laid for detecting the electrode characteristic index of the target sensor and evaluating the electrode performance.
Step S200: sequentially detecting the electrode type, the electrode reversibility, the electrode electrochemical performance, the electrode self-noise level and the electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, and respectively obtaining the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability;
specifically, each electrode characteristic index of the target sensor is detected, and a corresponding target parameter value is obtained. By examining the material and structure of the target sensor electrode, the electrode type thereof, such as a metal electrode or a carbon-based electrode, is determined. And then, testing forward and reverse polarization curves of the target electrode by adopting a cyclic voltammetry, and calculating the coverage overlap ratio of the target electrode, so as to judge the reversibility level of the target electrode, wherein the higher the reversibility level is, the better the reversibility of the electrode is. And thirdly, testing the target electrode by adopting alternating current impedance, analyzing an impedance frequency response curve and fitting parameters of the target electrode, and determining the electrochemical performance grade of the target electrode, wherein the higher the grade is, the better the electric activity and stability of the electrode are. In addition, the self-noise generated by the target electrode is tested, the ratio of the self-noise to the input signal is calculated, the target self-noise level is judged, and the lower the target self-noise level is, the higher the signal stability of the electrode is. And finally, continuously testing the extremely poor potential of the target electrode within a certain time, analyzing the change rule of the extremely poor potential, and determining the extremely poor stability of the target, wherein the higher the extremely poor stability of the target is, the better the long-term stability of the electrode is. By detecting the electrode characteristic index of the target sensor, the performance characteristic of the target electrode can be comprehensively evaluated, and a basis is provided for obtaining the electrode performance index.
Step S300: performing weighted calculation on the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability to determine a target electrode performance index;
specifically, after each performance parameter of the target sensor electrode is acquired, the parameters are weighted and calculated to determine the target electrode performance index. First, the weight coefficient thereof is set according to the importance of the electrode type, the reversibility level, the electrochemical performance level, the self-noise level, and the extremely poor stability. Then, each parameter value is multiplied by its weight coefficient to obtain a weighted parameter value. And finally, summing the obtained weighted parameter values, dividing the weighted parameter values by the sum of the weighted coefficients to obtain a target electrode performance index, and quantitatively representing the comprehensive performance level of the target electrode, wherein the larger the value of the index is, the higher the comprehensive performance of the target electrode is. In addition, the target electrode performance index provides a reference basis for determining the comprehensive performance index of the sensor.
Step S400: reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index;
Specifically, to evaluate the technical index of the target sensor, a predetermined technical characteristic index is read, the technical characteristic index including a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index. The static characteristic index refers to performance parameters of the sensor in a stable state, such as accuracy, sensitivity, resolution, linearity, drift and the like of the sensor, and the parameters reflect the performance of signal detection and output when the sensor is stationary; the dynamic characteristic index refers to the dynamic response performance of the sensor to the input signal, such as frequency response, step response and the like, and the parameters reflect the tracking and response speed of the sensor to the signal change.
According to different types of sensors, important static characteristic indexes and dynamic characteristic indexes of the sensors are selected as evaluation standards of target sensors, wherein the preset technical characteristic indexes are determined according to sensor design parameters or product indexes provided by production enterprises, the sensor design parameters or the product indexes are divided into ideal indexes and application indexes according to test conditions, the ideal indexes are used for judging the upper limit of the performance of the sensors, and the application indexes are used for judging the actual use performance. Through the preset technical characteristic indexes, the technical performance of the sensor can be evaluated, and the working performance of the sensor under different environmental conditions can be evaluated, so that a comprehensive basis is provided for determining the comprehensive performance index of the sensor.
Step S500: under a first environmental condition, testing the preset technical characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter;
specifically, in order to test the technical performance of the target sensor in the actual working environment, a predetermined technical characteristic index is tested under the first environmental condition, and target technical index information is obtained. The first environmental condition is an actual application environment of the target sensor.
First, key parameters in the actual application environment of the target sensor, such as temperature, humidity, chemical species and concentration, etc., are collected, and constant environmental parameters are set to construct a stable first environmental condition. Then, a technical characteristic index test device such as a precision temperature and humidity box, a chemical gas generator, a signal generator, an analyzer and the like is selected to generate and analyze the analog signals to test the technical index of the sensor. Then, in the state that the first environmental condition is stable, signals with known magnitude are respectively input to the target sensor by using test equipment, output signals of the signals are detected, key indexes such as precision, sensitivity, resolution and the like are calculated, and target static index parameters are obtained. Meanwhile, under the first environment condition, a signal generator is used for inputting a dynamically changing signal, such as a step signal or a sine signal, to the target sensor, the change of the output signal of the sensor is detected, a frequency response curve and a step response curve are drawn, and the dynamic response parameters are analyzed to obtain a first target dynamic index parameter. Finally, the target static index parameter and the first target dynamic index parameter of the first environmental condition are recorded as target technical index information, and data support is provided for determining the performance index.
Step S600: preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain target static performance indexes;
specifically, in order to evaluate the static technical performance of the target sensor, preprocessing and weighting calculation are performed on the target static index parameter, and the target static performance index is determined. Firstly, preprocessing, such as standardization or normalization, is carried out on target static index parameters, such as precision values, sensitivity values and the like, so that parameters of different orders can be compared. Then, according to the importance of each static index parameter, the weight coefficient, such as accuracy and sensitivity, is set to have a larger influence on the sensor performance, and the weight coefficient is set to have a larger value. The parameters such as linearity, drift and the like are set with smaller weight coefficients. And multiplying each preprocessed static index parameter value by a weight coefficient thereof to obtain a weighted parameter value. And finally, adding the weighted parameter values, and dividing the added parameter values by the sum of the weight coefficients to obtain the target static performance index. The index may quantitatively characterize a static state of technology of the target sensor under the first environmental condition, the greater the target static performance index, which is indicative of the higher the static state of technology of the target sensor.
Step S700: under a second environmental condition, testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter;
specifically, in order to comprehensively evaluate the dynamic technical performance of the target sensor, the dynamic characteristic index is tested under the second environmental condition, so as to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter. Firstly, a standardized environmental condition is selected as a second environmental condition, such as a constant temperature and humidity laboratory environment, and the environmental condition can eliminate the influence of external environmental changes on a test result, so that the test on the dynamic response performance of the target sensor is more accurate. Then, under the second environmental condition, a signal generator and other devices are adopted to input a dynamically-changing signal, such as a step signal, a sine sweep signal and the like, to the target sensor. While detecting and recording changes in the output signal of the target sensor using data acquisition and analysis equipment. And then, according to the input and output signals, drawing a frequency response curve, a step response curve and the like of the target sensor, analyzing dynamic response parameters such as response time, overshoot and stabilization time and the like of the target sensor to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter, and providing an important basis for determining the dynamic performance index and the comprehensive performance index in the next step.
Step S800: comparing and analyzing the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through a sensing signal comparison module to obtain a target dynamic performance index;
specifically, in order to evaluate the dynamic technical performance of the target sensor, the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter are compared and analyzed, and the target dynamic performance index is determined. Firstly, a sensing signal comparison module is adopted to obtain target dynamic response curves, such as frequency response curves, under a first environment condition and a second environment condition. Response parameters at the same frequency point, such as response amplitude at the same frequency, are then extracted from the two curves. And secondly, calculating a difference value between the response parameter under the first environmental condition and the response parameter under the second environmental condition to obtain parameter deviation, wherein the parameter deviation reflects the change of the dynamic response performance of the target sensor under the two environmental conditions. And then carrying out weighted summation on each parameter deviation to obtain a parameter deviation sum. And then, normalizing the sum of the parameter deviation according to a preset standard to obtain a target dynamic performance index. If the target dynamic performance index is smaller, the dynamic response performance of the target sensor under the first environmental condition and the second environmental condition is not changed greatly, and the target sensor has better environmental adaptability. If the index is large, it is indicated that the environmental conditions have a large influence on the dynamic technical performance of the target sensor. By comparing and analyzing the dynamic response parameters under two environmental conditions, the dynamic technical performance and the environmental adaptability of the target sensor are effectively evaluated, so that the influence of environmental factors on the performance of the target sensor is more accurately judged.
Step S900: and calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by using an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor.
Specifically, in order to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive performance of the target sensor, the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index are calculated by using an entropy weight method, and the target comprehensive performance index is determined.
Firstly, an evaluation index system is determined, wherein the evaluation index system comprises a target electrode performance index, a target static performance index and a target dynamic performance index, the three indexes are obtained through testing, and the electrode performance, the static technical performance and the dynamic technical performance of the target sensor are comprehensively reflected. Then, the information amount of each index is analyzed, and the weight thereof is determined, wherein the larger the information amount is, the larger the weight coefficient is. For example, the electrode performance index contains information of electrode type, reversibility, electrochemical performance and the like, the weight coefficient is set to be larger, the information amount of the static performance index and the dynamic performance index is smaller, and the weight coefficient is slightly smaller. And then dividing the index value by the full scale value to obtain a normalized value, so that indexes with different magnitudes can be weighted. And multiplying the normalized value of each index by a corresponding weight coefficient to obtain weighted indexes, and adding the weighted indexes to obtain an index weighted sum. And finally, dividing the index weighted sum by the sum of the weight coefficients to obtain the target comprehensive performance index. And judging the comprehensive performance of the target sensor according to the magnitude of the target comprehensive performance index. The larger the index, the higher the overall performance.
The weight distribution is dynamically determined according to the information quantity of the index through the entropy weight method, so that the evaluation result is more accurate, an important basis is provided for performance authentication of the target sensor, and the technical effect of reliably and accurately evaluating the performance of the sensor is achieved.
Further, the embodiment of the application further comprises:
step S210: acquiring an electrode material structure of a target electrode of the target sensor, and identifying the target electrode type of the electrode material structure;
step S220: the electrochemical workstation performs voltage loading analysis on the target electrode based on a preset target voltage threshold value to obtain the target reversibility level;
step S230: the alternating current impedance data of the target electrode is obtained through the electrochemical workstation test, and fitting analysis is carried out on the alternating current impedance data to obtain the target electrochemical performance grade;
step S240: obtaining self-noise data of the target electrode through the electrochemical workstation test, and analyzing to obtain the target self-noise level;
step S250: and acquiring the range potential data of the target electrode in a preset time range, and analyzing the range potential data to obtain the target range stability.
Specifically, various characteristic indexes of the target sensor electrode are detected, including electrode type, reversibility, electrochemical performance, self-noise and extremely poor stability, corresponding target parameters are obtained, and a basis is provided for determining the electrode performance index.
Firstly, checking the material and structure of a target electrode, and identifying the electrode type of the target electrode, for example, in a solid silver/silver chloride electrode, wherein a wet electrode with a reference liquid is in a sleeve or tubular structure, a 3.33% silver chloride saturated solution is contained as the reference liquid, and the electrode material is silver; the surface of the exposed electrode without the reference liquid in all solid state is directly coated or modified with a silver chloride solid film, and the exposed electrode does not contain the reference liquid in liquid state, and belongs to all solid state and exposed structures. Then, using an electrochemical workstation, testing the voltage-current response of the target electrode based on a predetermined target voltage threshold, drawing a polarization curve thereof, calculating the coverage overlap ratio of the forward and reverse polarization curves, and judging the target reversibility level according to a predetermined standard.
Then, connecting an electrochemical workstation and a three-electrode system, wherein a working electrode and a reference electrode are target electrodes, and a counter electrode is a platinum electrode; and selecting a proper frequency range, amplitude and stepping, and using an impedance testing module of the electrochemical workstation to perform alternating current impedance scanning on the target electrode to obtain frequency response data, such as selecting a frequency range of 0.1 Hz-10 kHz and an amplitude of 0.01V for scanning. And then, introducing the alternating current impedance data obtained by the test into professional software such as Zsimwin and the like for fitting analysis, and selecting an equivalent circuit matched with the test electrode and the electrolyte, such as a random circuit or an Ershler-random circuit and the like. Then, parameters of each circuit element, such as electrolyte resistance Rs, polarization resistance Rct, electric double layer capacitance Cdl and the like, are obtained through fitting calculation, and the electrochemical performance of the target electrode is represented. And then, comparing the circuit element parameters with preset standards to determine the electrochemical performance grade of the target electrode. Such as: rs <50 ohm, rct <500 ohm, cdl >20 microfarads, electrochemical performance level "good"; 50 ohm < Rs <100 ohm, 500 ohm < Rct <1000 ohm, 10 microfarads < Cdl <20 microfarads, electrochemical performance class "general"; rs >100 ohm, rct >1000 ohm, cdl <10 microfarads, and the electrochemical performance level is "poor".
And then, testing the self-noise generated by the target electrode, calculating the ratio of the self-noise in a specific frequency band, and judging the target self-noise level according to a preset standard so as to effectively characterize the noise characteristic and the signal stability of the electrode. And finally, obtaining the range potential of the target electrode within a certain time range, analyzing the change condition of the target electrode, and judging the target range stability.
Further, the embodiment of the application further comprises:
step S221: obtaining a target electrode polarization curve of the target electrode, wherein the target electrode polarization curve comprises a target forward polarization curve and a target reverse polarization curve;
step S222: obtaining a target coverage overlap ratio of the target forward polarization curve and the target reverse polarization curve;
step S223: matching the reversibility level of the target coverage overlap ratio in a predetermined coverage overlap ratio-reversibility level list, and taking the reversibility level as the target reversibility level.
Specifically, the level of reversibility of the target electrode is determined using its polarization curve. First, the target electrode was tested using cyclic voltammetry to obtain its forward and reverse polarization curve data. The forward polarization curve reflects the current response of the electrode under forward potential scanning, the reverse polarization curve reflects the current response of the electrode under reverse potential scanning, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode under oxidation and reduction states is characterized. Then, the overlapping areas of the linear sections of the two curves are selected on the polarization curve, and the potential change of the areas has small influence on the current response, so that the reversibility of the electrode can be reflected. Then, the slopes under the forward and reverse polarization curves in the selected region are calculated respectively, and the larger the slope is, the higher the electrochemical activity of the electrode in the potential range is, and the better the reversibility is. And then, taking the ratio of the slopes of the forward and reverse polarization curves in the selected area as the target coverage overlap ratio. And finally, searching a reversibility level matched with the target coverage overlapping ratio in a pre-established coverage overlapping ratio-reversibility level list. The list is compiled according to the purpose of the study and the type of electrode. The searching result is used as a target reversibility level and is used for judging the reversibility state of the target electrode.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application further includes:
step S241: reading a predetermined frequency threshold of the target sensor;
step S242: screening the self-noise data based on the preset frequency threshold value to obtain first self-noise data;
step S243: calculating the ratio of the first data quantity of the first self-noise data to the data quantity of the self-noise data, and recording the ratio as a first ratio;
step S244: and marking the target self-noise level as a first level if the first ratio meets a first preset ratio threshold, and marking the target self-noise level as a second level if the first ratio meets a second preset ratio threshold.
Specifically, first, a predetermined frequency threshold value of the target sensor is read, for example, 0.1 to 10Hz. The threshold is used to screen noise data to obtain first self-noise data in a specific frequency band. Then, a portion within the frequency range is extracted from the self-noise data based on a predetermined frequency threshold value as first self-noise data reflecting self-noise generated by the target electrode within the selected frequency range to effectively characterize its low-frequency self-noise characteristics.
Then, a ratio of the first self-noise data amount to the total self-noise data amount is calculated as a first ratio. The smaller the first ratio, the lower the target electrode low frequency self-noise level. Finally, the target self-noise level is marked as a first level when the first ratio meets a predetermined first ratio threshold. When the first ratio meets the second ratio threshold, the target self-noise level is marked as a second level. Wherein the first predetermined ratio threshold is less than the second predetermined ratio threshold.
Further, the embodiment of the application further comprises:
step S410: the static characteristic index comprises drift, repeatability, accuracy, sensitivity, resolution and linearity, and the dynamic characteristic index comprises frequency response and step response.
Specifically, in order to determine the technical characteristics of the target sensor, a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index are preferable as evaluation criteria. Static characteristic indicators include drift, repeatability, accuracy, sensitivity, resolution, linearity. The drift refers to the variation of the output signal of the sensor in a certain time, and reflects the long-term stability of the sensor; repeatability refers to the consistency of repeated measurement results under the same measurement condition, and reflects the stability of the sensor; accuracy refers to the deviation of the measurement result of the sensor from the true value, and reflects the measurement accuracy of the sensor; sensitivity is the response sensitivity of the output signal to small changes in the input signal, reflecting the detection sensitivity of the sensor; resolution refers to the minimum detectable amount change of the sensor, reflecting the fineness of the sensor; linearity refers to whether the output signal corresponds linearly to the input signal variation, reflecting the measurement range of the sensor. The dynamic characteristic index includes a frequency response and a step response. The frequency response refers to the response of an output signal to input signals with different frequencies, and reflects the dynamic performance and response speed of the sensor; the step response refers to the response of the output signal to the input signal transient, reflecting the dynamic response characteristics of the sensor. The performance characteristics of the target sensor can be comprehensively represented by the static characteristic indexes and the dynamic characteristic indexes.
Further, the embodiment of the application further comprises:
step S510: acquiring a target application environment of the target sensor, and taking the target application environment as the first environmental condition;
the target application environment comprises application environment temperature, application environment humidity, application environment pH value and application environment electromagnetic field.
Specifically, first, the actual installation position of the target sensor is determined, providing a basis for environmental testing. Then, the key parameters of the target application environment are tested by using devices such as a hygrothermograph, a PH meter, an electromagnetic induction meter and the like. And then, the acquired environmental parameter data are arranged and analyzed to judge whether the environmental parameter data accord with the environmental adaptation range of the target sensor. If it is out of range, a new installation location needs to be selected or safeguards taken. And finally, taking the environmental test result as a first environmental condition, wherein the first environmental condition comprises application environment temperature, application environment humidity, application environment pH value and application environment electromagnetic field.
Wherein, the application environment temperature and humidity refer to the temperature and humidity level in the actual working environment of the target sensor. High temperature and high humidity can accelerate drift and aging of the sensor, and low temperature and low humidity can affect the sensitivity of the sensor. The pH value of the application environment refers to the pH value in the working environment of the target sensor, and the corrosion and deterioration of the electrode and electrolyte are accelerated by the acidic or alkaline environment, so that the stability of the sensor is affected. The application environment electromagnetic field refers to the electromagnetic interference degree in the actual working environment of the target sensor. The stronger electromagnetic field can interfere with the signal detection and processing of the sensor, resulting in larger errors.
By collecting the target application environment condition as the first environment condition for technical index test, the technical level of the target sensor can be evaluated, the actual performance and the environmental adaptability of the target sensor in a specific working environment can be evaluated, and the evaluation result is maximally close to the practical effect of the product.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present application further includes:
step S810: acquiring a first dynamic parameter time sequence of the first target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a first curve;
step S820: acquiring a second dynamic parameter time sequence of the second target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a second curve;
step S830: sequentially extracting a first dynamic parameter under the first time in the first curve and a second dynamic parameter under the first time in the second curve;
step S840: and adding to obtain a parameter deviation sum of the first dynamic parameter and the second dynamic parameter, and normalizing the parameter deviation sum to obtain the target dynamic performance index.
Specifically, the target dynamic performance index is determined by comparing and analyzing the dynamic parameters under the first environmental condition and the second environmental condition.
Firstly, a sensing signal comparison module is used for extracting dynamic response parameter time sequences of the target sensor under the first environmental condition, such as amplitude time sequences on a frequency response curve, from test data, and generating a first dynamic parameter curve by the time sequence parameters to reflect the dynamic response characteristics of the target sensor under the first environmental condition. Then, the dynamic response parameter time sequence under the second environment condition is also extracted from the test data, and a second dynamic parameter curve is generated, wherein the curve reflects the dynamic response characteristic of the target sensor under the second environment condition.
And then, the same time point is selected on the first dynamic parameter curve and the second dynamic parameter curve, and the dynamic parameter values at the time point on the two curves, such as response amplitude values at the same frequency, are read to respectively represent the dynamic response parameters of the target sensor under two environmental conditions. Finally, the difference between the two parameter values is calculated as the parameter deviation. And summing the parameter deviations at a plurality of time points to obtain a parameter deviation sum. And then normalizing the sum of the parameter deviations to obtain a target dynamic performance index. The smaller the index, the smaller the dynamic response change of the target sensor under both environmental conditions, the better the environmental adaptation.
By extracting dynamic parameter time sequences under two environmental conditions, generating corresponding curves, reading parameters at the same time point and carrying out difference value calculation, the influence of the environmental conditions on the dynamic response of the target sensor can be accurately judged, the environmental adaptability is evaluated, and a more comprehensive and accurate reference is provided for the performance test evaluation of the sensor.
In summary, the performance test method of the sensor provided by the embodiment of the application has the following technical effects:
reading a preset electrode characteristic index, wherein the preset electrode characteristic index comprises an electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode range stability, and is used for judging basic electrode characteristics and performance characteristics of the sensor; sequentially detecting the electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, respectively obtaining the target electrode type, target reversibility level, target electrochemical performance level, target self-noise level and target extremely poor stability, and providing an information basis for evaluating the performance of the sensor electrode; weighting calculation is carried out on the type of the target electrode, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability, the performance index of the target electrode is determined, and support is provided for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the sensor electrode; reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index, and a basis is provided for judging the technical index and the performance parameter of the sensor; under a first environment condition, testing a preset technical characteristic index of a target sensor to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter and is used for judging the technical performance of the sensor under the environment; preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain target static performance indexes, and providing support for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the sensor electrode; under a second environmental condition, testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter, wherein the second target dynamic index parameter is used for judging the dynamic response performance of the sensor under a changing environment; the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter are subjected to comparison analysis through the sensing signal comparison module, so that a target dynamic performance index is obtained, and support is provided for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the sensor electrode; and calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by utilizing an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor, so that the technical effect of reliably and accurately evaluating the performance of the sensor in different working environments is achieved.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept as the performance test method of the sensor in the foregoing embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a performance test apparatus of a sensor, including:
an electrode characteristic index unit 11 for reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index includes an electrode type, an electrode reversibility, an electrode electrochemical performance, an electrode self-noise level, an electrode extremely poor stability;
a target index obtaining unit 12, configured to sequentially detect the electrode type, the electrode reversibility, the electrode electrochemical performance, the electrode self-noise level, and the electrode range stability of the target sensor, and obtain a target electrode type, a target reversibility level, a target electrochemical performance level, a target self-noise level, and a target range stability, respectively;
a target performance index unit 13, configured to perform weighted calculation on the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level, and the target range stability, and determine a target electrode performance index;
a technical characteristic index unit 14 for reading a predetermined technical characteristic index, wherein the predetermined technical characteristic index includes a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index;
A technical index information unit 15, configured to test the predetermined technical characteristic index of the target sensor under a first environmental condition to obtain target technical index information, where the target technical index information includes a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter;
a static performance index unit 16, configured to pre-process and weight the target static index parameter to obtain a target static performance index;
a dynamic index testing unit 17, configured to test the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor under a second environmental condition to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter;
the dynamic performance index unit 18 is configured to perform a comparison analysis on the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through a sensing signal comparison module, so as to obtain a target dynamic performance index;
and the comprehensive performance index unit 19 is configured to calculate the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by using an entropy weight method, so as to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, where the target comprehensive performance index is used to characterize the comprehensive performance of the target sensor.
Further, the target index obtaining unit 12 includes the following execution steps:
acquiring an electrode material structure of a target electrode of the target sensor, and identifying the target electrode type of the electrode material structure;
the electrochemical workstation performs voltage loading analysis on the target electrode based on a preset target voltage threshold value to obtain the target reversibility level;
the alternating current impedance data of the target electrode is obtained through the electrochemical workstation test, and fitting analysis is carried out on the alternating current impedance data to obtain the target electrochemical performance grade;
obtaining self-noise data of the target electrode through the electrochemical workstation test, and analyzing to obtain the target self-noise level;
and acquiring the range potential data of the target electrode in a preset time range, and analyzing the range potential data to obtain the target range stability.
Further, the target index obtaining unit 12 further includes the following execution steps:
obtaining a target electrode polarization curve of the target electrode, wherein the target electrode polarization curve comprises a target forward polarization curve and a target reverse polarization curve;
obtaining a target coverage overlap ratio of the target forward polarization curve and the target reverse polarization curve;
Matching the reversibility level of the target coverage overlap ratio in a predetermined coverage overlap ratio-reversibility level list, and taking the reversibility level as the target reversibility level.
Further, the target index obtaining unit 12 further includes the following execution steps:
reading a predetermined frequency threshold of the target sensor;
screening the self-noise data based on the preset frequency threshold value to obtain first self-noise data;
calculating the ratio of the first data quantity of the first self-noise data to the data quantity of the self-noise data, and recording the ratio as a first ratio;
and marking the target self-noise level as a first level if the first ratio meets a first preset ratio threshold, and marking the target self-noise level as a second level if the first ratio meets a second preset ratio threshold.
Further, the technical characteristics index unit 14 includes the following:
the static characteristic index comprises drift, repeatability, accuracy, sensitivity, resolution and linearity, and the dynamic characteristic index comprises frequency response and step response.
Further, the technical index information unit 15 includes the following execution steps:
acquiring a target application environment of the target sensor, and taking the target application environment as the first environmental condition;
The target application environment comprises application environment temperature, application environment humidity, application environment pH value and application environment electromagnetic field.
Further, the dynamic performance index unit 18 includes the following steps:
acquiring a first dynamic parameter time sequence of the first target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a first curve;
acquiring a second dynamic parameter time sequence of the second target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a second curve;
sequentially extracting a first dynamic parameter under the first time in the first curve and a second dynamic parameter under the first time in the second curve;
and adding to obtain a parameter deviation sum of the first dynamic parameter and the second dynamic parameter, and normalizing the parameter deviation sum to obtain the target dynamic performance index.
Any of the steps of the methods described above may be stored as computer instructions or programs in a non-limiting computer memory and may be called by a non-limiting computer processor to identify any method for implementing an embodiment of the present application, without unnecessary limitations.
Further, the first or second element may not only represent a sequential relationship, but may also represent a particular concept, and/or may be selected individually or in whole among a plurality of elements. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is intended to include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the application or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The performance test method of the sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index comprises an electrode type, electrode reversibility, electrode electrochemical performance, electrode self-noise level and electrode extremely poor stability;
sequentially detecting the electrode type, the electrode reversibility, the electrode electrochemical performance, the electrode self-noise level and the electrode extremely poor stability of the target sensor, and respectively obtaining the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability;
performing weighted calculation on the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target extremely poor stability to determine a target electrode performance index;
Reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index;
under a first environmental condition, testing the preset technical characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter;
preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain target static performance indexes;
under a second environmental condition, testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter;
comparing and analyzing the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through a sensing signal comparison module to obtain a target dynamic performance index;
calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by utilizing an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor;
the comparing and analyzing the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter by the sensing signal comparing module to obtain a target dynamic performance index comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a first dynamic parameter time sequence of the first target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a first curve;
acquiring a second dynamic parameter time sequence of the second target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module, and generating a second curve;
sequentially extracting a first dynamic parameter under the first time in the first curve and a second dynamic parameter under the first time in the second curve;
and adding to obtain a parameter deviation sum of the first dynamic parameter and the second dynamic parameter, and normalizing the parameter deviation sum to obtain the target dynamic performance index.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the separately deriving a target electrode type, a target level of reversibility, a target electrochemical performance level, a target self-noise level, a target poor stability, comprises:
acquiring an electrode material structure of a target electrode of the target sensor, and identifying the target electrode type of the electrode material structure;
the electrochemical workstation performs voltage loading analysis on the target electrode based on a preset target voltage threshold value to obtain the target reversibility level;
The alternating current impedance data of the target electrode is obtained through the electrochemical workstation test, and fitting analysis is carried out on the alternating current impedance data to obtain the target electrochemical performance grade;
obtaining self-noise data of the target electrode through the electrochemical workstation test, and analyzing to obtain the target self-noise level;
and acquiring the range potential data of the target electrode in a preset time range, and analyzing the range potential data to obtain the target range stability.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the electrochemical workstation performs a voltage loading analysis on the target electrode based on a predetermined target voltage threshold to obtain the target reversibility level, comprising:
obtaining a target electrode polarization curve of the target electrode, wherein the target electrode polarization curve comprises a target forward polarization curve and a target reverse polarization curve;
obtaining a target coverage overlap ratio of the target forward polarization curve and the target reverse polarization curve;
matching the reversibility level of the target coverage overlap ratio in a predetermined coverage overlap ratio-reversibility level list, and taking the reversibility level as the target reversibility level.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining self-noise data for the target electrode by the electrochemical workstation test and analyzing the target self-noise level comprises:
reading a predetermined frequency threshold of the target sensor;
screening the self-noise data based on the preset frequency threshold value to obtain first self-noise data;
calculating the ratio of the first data quantity of the first self-noise data to the data quantity of the self-noise data, and recording the ratio as a first ratio;
and marking the target self-noise level as a first level if the first ratio meets a first preset ratio threshold, and marking the target self-noise level as a second level if the first ratio meets a second preset ratio threshold.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the static characteristic index comprises drift, repeatability, accuracy, sensitivity, resolution, linearity, and the dynamic characteristic index comprises frequency response and step response.
6. The method according to claim 5, comprising:
acquiring a target application environment of the target sensor, and taking the target application environment as the first environmental condition;
The target application environment comprises application environment temperature, application environment humidity, application environment pH value and application environment electromagnetic field.
7. A performance testing apparatus for a sensor, for performing the performance testing method of a sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the apparatus comprising:
an electrode characteristic index unit for reading a predetermined electrode characteristic index, wherein the predetermined electrode characteristic index includes an electrode type, an electrode reversibility, an electrode electrochemical performance, an electrode self-noise level, and an electrode range stability;
the target index acquisition unit is used for sequentially detecting the electrode type, the electrode reversibility, the electrode electrochemical performance, the electrode self-noise level and the electrode range stability of the target sensor, and respectively obtaining a target electrode type, a target reversibility level, a target electrochemical performance level, a target self-noise level and a target range stability;
the target performance index unit is used for carrying out weighted calculation on the target electrode type, the target reversibility level, the target electrochemical performance level, the target self-noise level and the target range stability to determine a target electrode performance index;
The technical characteristic index unit is used for reading a preset technical characteristic index, wherein the preset technical characteristic index comprises a static characteristic index and a dynamic characteristic index;
the technical index information unit is used for testing the preset technical characteristic index of the target sensor under the first environment condition to obtain target technical index information, wherein the target technical index information comprises a target static index parameter and a first target dynamic index parameter;
the static performance index unit is used for preprocessing and weighting the target static index parameters to obtain a target static performance index;
the dynamic index testing unit is used for testing the dynamic characteristic index of the target sensor under a second environment condition to obtain a second target dynamic index parameter;
the dynamic performance index unit is used for carrying out comparison analysis on the first target dynamic index parameter and the second target dynamic index parameter through the sensing signal comparison module to obtain a target dynamic performance index;
And the comprehensive performance index unit is used for calculating the target electrode performance index, the target static performance index and the target dynamic performance index by utilizing an entropy weight method to obtain a target comprehensive performance index, wherein the target comprehensive performance index is used for representing the comprehensive performance of the target sensor.
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| CN108697383A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-10-23 | 美敦力泌力美公司 | The unspecific calibration method of sensor and system |
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