CN116445531A - 盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用 - Google Patents
盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116445531A CN116445531A CN202211063048.8A CN202211063048A CN116445531A CN 116445531 A CN116445531 A CN 116445531A CN 202211063048 A CN202211063048 A CN 202211063048A CN 116445531 A CN116445531 A CN 116445531A
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- coniothyrium minitans
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Abstract
本发明属于微生物基因工程领域,具体涉及盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用。盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中超量表达可显著提高盾壳霉寄生核盘菌的能力,有助于改造出高效的盾壳霉工程菌株。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物基因工程领域,具体涉及盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用。
背景技术
核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)是一种世界性分布的重要植物病原真菌,其寄主十分广泛,可以成功侵染75科450多种植物。由核盘菌引起的油菜菌核病在我国油菜种植区域普遍发生,常年株发病率为10%~30%,严重年份达80%以上,致使油菜减产10%~70%,国家油菜产业技术体系调查我国仅长江流域油菜菌核病所造成的损失每年超过20亿元。在农作物病害防治策略中,应用抗病品种是病害防治最为安全环保、高效的措施,但目前生产上没有菌核病抗病种质资源可以利用。当前化学农药防治为油菜菌核病的主流防治措施,然而长期使用化学农药会导致抗药菌株的产生和环境污染等潜在风险。为此,发展环境友好型的有益微生物防治措施是目前解决油菜菌核病危害的理想途径,不仅符合“减肥减药”的国家政策、更符合绿色发展与生态文明建设的国家战略需求。
盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)是油菜菌核病病原-核盘菌的重寄生真菌,可以专一寄生并破坏核盘菌的菌丝和菌核,在菌核病的生物防治中有广阔的应用前景。产孢和重寄生能力与盾壳霉的生防潜力密切相关,挖掘盾壳霉产孢和重寄生相关基因利于改造获得生防潜力更大的盾壳霉工程菌株。
HMGR,即3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶,催化合成甲羟戊酸(Methylvalerate,MVA),是类异戊二烯生物合成途径的关键调控点。类异戊二烯在自然界中分布广泛、是天然物质中种类繁多的一类化合物,主要与细胞的生理调节功能有关,如:赤霉素、脱落酸和细胞分裂素参与细胞分化;类胡萝卜素、叶绿素等与光合作用有关;辅酶Q与呼吸作用有关,而甾醇则与细胞膜结构的稳定有关。在酿酒酵母中,HMGR可影响酵母孢子萌发和生长。在丝状真菌中,目前尚不明确HMGR能否调控丝状真菌生长、产孢和重寄生等重要生长发育过程。
本发明利用酿酒酵母编码HMGR的基因序列,在盾壳霉Cm2004(保藏编号为:CGMCCN0.3852)基因组中比对获得盾壳霉编码HMGR的基因CmHMG1。为了明确基因CmHMG1在盾壳霉生长发育尤其是产孢和重寄生过程中的作用,本发明通过基因敲除、互作和超量表达技术解析了基因CmHMG1的功能,明确CmHMG1影响盾壳霉生长、产孢和重寄生过程,超量表达CmHMG1可增强盾壳霉重寄生能力,提供盾壳霉生防效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用,所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的核苷酸序列如下所示。
atgggcgccccaacccagcgcgtgaaagaggatcgctccatcctcggtcaaattccacgcatccaagcactcaagagcgaccatgagaaagtcaatatcgagaattttgtcggctatgcgaaagttccactcggacttgcgggccctctgaggatccgagggtccgaaaacaccgacggcgcgttcgtcactcctctagcgacggtagagccgacactggttgcgagctgctctcgcggaagcaaagcgctggatcgatgcggcggggtccacttcaaggtgctaggtgaagctatgtctcgggcacccgtcttcgcattcgccgacaccgcccacgctgttgccttcgcagagctccttcccagtctccacggccggttcgcacaagaggccgagagcacaagtcgccacgcacgtctccaaaagctgacaccacacatcatcggatcaaacgtccacgtccacttcagctactcttgtggggatgccgccggccagaacatggtgaccatcgctacccagcgggcctgtgagtggctcatggaatctagcaaagcacaagagctgcgcatccgcgacatcatcatcgaaggccagatggcgtcggacaagaagccttcgtggggtaacgtcaaagagcttcgtggtgtgcaagtagtcgtctgggcgaggctgtatgataccgtctgcaaagaagttctcgggtgtacgacggaacggctattcaaggtgattacgctgaaagagggtggcatccacaacgggcagttcggttgcaaaatcaacgcggctaacatcatagctgccatgttcatcagctgcggccaggacgcggcaagcgtggcagaggggtgttggagccatctgacgcctgagtatgactggacgacgaaggagctgaggctgaccatgttctttccttcgcttcccgtcgcagtggtaggaggaggaacgttttacgagactcagcaggagtatcttcggcttctcagatgtgacgcatcgggcgggaagaggcgtctcgccgggctcatcggagcgttttctctcgctctagacgttagcactagcgccgccattgccaacaatactttcgcgcagagccatgccaacctagcaagaggaaaagaacaggcccgaggtcctgtctcactcaaggagaagctatga
进一步的,所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因编码的氨基酸序列如下:
MGAPTQRVKEDRSILGQIPRIQALKSDHEKVNIENFVGYAKVPLGLAGPLRIRGSENTDGAFVTPLATVEPTLVASCSRGSKALDRCGGVHFKVLGEAMSRAPVFAFADTAHAVAFAELLPSLHGRFAQEAESTSRHARLQKLTPHIIGSNVHVHFSYSCGDAAGQNMVTIATQRACEWLMESSKAQELRIRDIIIEGQMASDKKPSWGNVKELRGVQVVVWARLYDTVCKEVLGCTTERLFKVITLKEGGIHNGQFGCKINAANIIAAMFISCGQDAASVAEGCWSHLTPEYDWTTKELRLTMFFPSLPVAVVGGGTFYETQQEYLRLLRCDASGGKRRLAGLIGAFSLALDVSTSAAIANNTFAQSHANLARGKEQARGPVSLKEKL
进一步的,所述盾壳霉包括盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)Cm2004,所述盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)Cm2004的保藏编号为CGMCC NO.3852。
进一步的,所述生防能力包括:盾壳霉生长能力、盾壳酶产孢能力和盾壳酶重寄生能力中的一种或多种。
进一步的,所述盾壳酶重寄生能力为盾壳酶重寄生核盘菌能力。
进一步的,所述应用的方法包括:在所述盾壳霉中超量表达所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因。
进一步的,在所述盾壳霉中超量表达所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的方法具体为:将所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因与含有Ptrp C启动子的载体连接构成超表达载体,利用农杆菌介导的转化体系将所述超表达载体导入所述盾壳霉。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的基因CmHMG1超量表达可显著提高盾壳霉寄生核盘菌的能力,有助于改造出高效的盾壳霉工程菌株。
附图说明
图1为CmHMG1蛋白保守结构域分析;
图2为CmHMG1敲除与互补转化子RT-PCR验证;
图3为盾壳霉敲除与互补转化子菌落形态;
图4为盾壳霉寄生核盘菌菌核的能力检测;
图5为CmHMG1超量表达转化子的RT-PCR验证(A)、菌落形态(B)、生长速度(C)和产孢量(D);
图6为盾壳霉各转化子寄生核盘菌的能力。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步详细描述本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。
本发明涉及的试剂、培养基如下:
马铃薯葡萄糖培养基(Potato dextrose broth,PDB):
去皮马铃薯滤汁液 200g
葡萄糖 20g
补ddH2O至1000ml。添加琼脂20g即为PDA。121℃湿热灭菌30min。
Luria-Bertani(LB)培养基:
蛋白胨(Tryptone) 10g
酵母粉(Yeast extract) 5g
氯化钠(NaCl) 5g
补ddH2O至1000ml,用NaOH调pH至7.0。添加琼脂20g即为固体LB。
农杆菌诱导培养基(Induction Medium,IM):
补ddH2O至1000ml,用H3PO4或NaOH调节pH至6.0。
农杆菌共培养培养基(CO-IM):
补ddH2O至1000ml,用H3PO4或NaOH调节pH至6.0。
K-Buffer:
K2HPO4 200g
KH2PO4 145g
补ddH2O至1000ml,调节pH至4.9。
M-N Buffer:
MgSO4·7H2O 30g
NaCl 15g
补ddH2O至1000ml。
再生培养基(regeneration medium,RM):0.7M蔗糖,0.5g/L酵母粉,20g/L琼脂。
原生质体制备溶液(protoplast buffer):
蜗牛酶(Snailase) 0.01g
裂解酶(Lysing Enzymes) 0.1g
0.8M MgSO4 10ml
震荡促进溶解,用0.22μm的滤膜过滤除菌。
原生质体悬浮缓冲液STC:1M山梨醇,50mM Tris·HCl(pH 8.0),50mM CaCl2。
60%PEG溶液:称取60g PEG4000溶解100ml于ddH2O中。
KTC溶液(KCl-Tris-CaCl2 solution):1.8M KCl,150mM Tris·HCl(pH 8.0),150mM CaCl2,用去离子水配制,121℃高温蒸汽灭菌15min或者经0.22μm的滤膜过滤除菌。
原生质体转化缓冲液(transformation buffer,TB):将60%的PEG溶液与KTC溶液按2:1(v:v)混合,现配现用。
0.2M乙酰丁香酮(AS):乙酰丁香酮0.392g加入二甲亚飒(DMSO)溶解,然后定容到10ml,分装于无菌1.5ml离心管中,于-20℃长期保存。
氨苄青霉素(Ampicillin,Amp):50mg/ml溶液,于-20℃保存。
潮霉素B(Hygromycin B,HYG):50mg/ml溶液,于4℃保存。
头孢霉素(Cefalexin,Cef):10mg/ml溶液,于-20℃保存。
卡那霉素(Kanamycin,Kana):100mg/ml溶液,于-20℃保存。
链霉素(Streptomycin,Str):100mg/ml溶液,于-20℃保存。
利福平(Rifampicin,Rif):无水甲醇配制成10mg/ml溶液,-20℃保存。
实施例1盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的获得
在NCBI网站(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)下载酿酒酵母HMGR蛋白序列(GenBank Acc.No.GHM90903),在盾壳霉Cm2004基因组中进行比对搜索,获得盾壳霉中HMGR同源蛋白(SEQ ID NO:2)和其编码基因CmHMG1(SEQ ID NO:1)。CmHMG1基因序列包括一个1170bp的开放阅读框,不含内含子,推定编码一个389aa的蛋白,其蛋白的蛋白的保守区域如图1。
实施例2盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的功能研究
基因敲除:采用分割标记法对CmHMG1进行敲除,分别扩增基因CmHMG1的上下游序列,并与潮霉素基因序列的3’末端和5’末端进行融合。将获得的这两个融合片段通过PEG介导转化Cm2004的原生质体,筛选在含有50μg/ml潮霉素B的PDA平板上可以生长的转化子,并进行RT-PCR验证。如图2,获得RT-PCR验证表明,转化子ΔCmHMG1-1和ΔCmHMG1-2均为敲除转化子。敲除转化子菌落白色、生长缓慢、产孢量和寄生核盘菌能力明显下降(图3,图4、图6,表1)。
基因互补:扩增基因CmHMG1的全长序列,连入载体neop3300的对应酶切位点从而形成互补载体pCHmgr。采用农杆菌介导的转化体系转化敲除转化子ΔCmHmgr-1,筛选在含有30μg/ml新霉素的PDA平板上可以生长的转化子,并进行RT-PCR验证。如图2,获得RT-PCR验证表明,转化子CmHMG1-C3和CmHHMG1-C8均为基因互补转化子。互补转化子菌落颜色较深,生长较快,并形成大量成熟的分生孢子器和分生孢子、寄生核盘菌的能力得到了恢复(图3,图4、图6,表1)。
表1盾壳霉的生长和产孢能力表
实施例3盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的超量表达对盾壳霉生物学特性的影响
将CmHMG1基因连接于带Ptrp C启动子的pCETNS-4载体构建成超表达载体,利用农杆菌介导的转化体系将超表达载体导入盾壳霉Cm2004。提取RNA后进行RT-PCR检测CmHMG1的表达水平,结果表明筛选的4个转化子是CmHMG1超表达转化子(图5)。
A:超表达转化子的生长与产孢量测定
将Cm2004与超表达转化子活化后,打取菌落边缘幼嫩的菌饼接种于PDA平板的中央,20℃培养10d后观察菌落形态,测量菌落直径,计算生长速度。培养15d后洗下菌落上的分生孢子,在显微镜下数分生孢子数。结果表明,超量表达CmHMG1不影响盾壳霉的生长和产孢(图5).
B:寄生核盘菌的能力测定
将盾壳霉菌株与核盘菌菌株1980分别接种于PDA平板两侧,间隔6cm,对峙培养20d后,将6cm间隔区均分为4个等距区域,在每个区域挑取5个菌丝,移植于PDA平板培养7-10d,观察培养出的菌落是盾壳霉还是核盘菌,或盾壳霉与核盘菌的混合生长菌落,以此判断盾壳霉寄生核盘菌的能力。研究结果表明,敲除CMHMG1导致盾壳霉寄生能力减弱,而超表达基因该基因可增强盾壳霉寄生核盘菌的能力(图6)。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式,不应看作是对其他实施例的排除,而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境,并能够在本文所述构想范围内,通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围,则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.盾壳霉CmHMG1基因在盾壳霉中增强生防能力的应用,其特征在于,所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述盾壳霉包括盾壳霉(Coniothyriumminitans)Cm2004,所述盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)Cm2004的保藏编号为CGMCCNO.3852。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述生防能力包括:盾壳霉生长能力、盾壳酶产孢能力和盾壳酶重寄生能力中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述盾壳酶重寄生能力为盾壳酶重寄生核盘菌能力。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述应用的方法包括:在所述盾壳霉中超量表达所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,在所述盾壳霉中超量表达所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因的方法具体为:将所述盾壳霉CmHMG1基因与含有Ptrp C启动子的载体连接构成超表达载体,利用农杆菌介导的转化体系将所述超表达载体导入所述盾壳霉。
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