CN116288924A - Preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material and composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material and composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116288924A CN116288924A CN202310129607.9A CN202310129607A CN116288924A CN 116288924 A CN116288924 A CN 116288924A CN 202310129607 A CN202310129607 A CN 202310129607A CN 116288924 A CN116288924 A CN 116288924A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon fiber
- fiber reinforced
- reinforced thermoplastic
- thermoplastic resin
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and discloses a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material and a preparation method of the composite material. The chopped carbon fibers and the thermoplastic resin-based fibers are uniformly mixed by a preparation method of blending fibers through a suspension, the uniformly mixed slurry is filtered to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, a plurality of layers of thin carbon fiber felt are stacked, dried and needled to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt. And combining the obtained carbon fiber thick felt material with non-woven fabrics, and preparing the composite felt material with a three-dimensional structure by different layering modes. The composite material has the advantages of uniform fiber distribution, static electricity removal, good tensile property, bending property and impact toughness, good interface compatibility after modification, low water absorption and low conductivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material and a preparation method of the composite material.
Background
The fiber modified reinforced composite material is a novel material with light weight and high strength, and has good corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties. The manufacture of fiber composites has in recent years provided a harder, lighter alternative to traditional metal components. In the automotive industry, carbon fiber reinforced plastics are increasingly being used.
Currently, fiber reinforced composites suffer from defects such as maldistribution in the reinforcing fiber-made resin matrix, which greatly affects the performance of the material. The traditional fiber reinforced resin material has the defects of complex process and high price. Taking a traditional carbon fiber reinforced resin as an example, the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) Forming a carbon fiber felt; 2) Impregnating resin into prepreg; 3) And (5) hot-press molding the prepreg. The excessive price limits the great number of applications of fiber-reinforced resin materials.
At present, the fiber reinforced composite material mainly has the defects of uneven distribution of fiber reinforced fibers and resin, interface combination between the reinforced fibers and the resin and the like, which greatly influences the performance of the composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material and a preparation method of a composite material, wherein the composite material has good tensile property, bending property, impact property, antistatic property and interface compatibility, and reinforcing fibers and a resin matrix are uniformly distributed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
1) Adding chopped carbon fibers and thermoplastic resin-based fibers into a suspension, uniformly mixing, filtering the solution from the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, stacking a plurality of layers of thin carbon fiber felt, drying, and needling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt.
2) And combining the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material with non-woven fabrics, and obtaining the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material with the three-dimensional structure through combination.
3) Spreading a release sheet on the membrane before mould pressing: preheating a molding press to a required temperature, and then performing molding for 0.5-10min; the heating temperature is 110-400 ℃.
4) And cooling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material with the three-dimensional structure.
The resin fiber is one or more of nylon fiber, polyether-ether-ketone fiber, polypropylene fiber, polylactic acid fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;
the carbon fiber is one of PAN-based carbon fiber, asphalt-based carbon fiber, rayon carbon fiber and recycled carbon fiber;
the suspension has a density in the range of 1.1-1.5 g ⁄ ㎤, preferably 1.3 g ⁄ ㎤;
the release sheet is thickened tinfoil;
the suspension liquid contains a modifier, nano particles and a nonionic surfactant;
the modifier in the suspension is one or a combination of a plurality of KH550, KH560 and KH 570;
the nano particles in the suspension are one or a combination of a plurality of carbon nano tubes, nano silicon dioxide and graphene oxide;
the nonionic surface modifier in the suspension is one or more of Triton X-100, polyethylene glycol and Triton;
the fineness of the resin fiber is 0.1-0.7dex, and the length is 30-80mm;
the length of the reinforcing fiber is 30-80mm;
the thickness of the fiber reinforced resin composite material is 1-10mm;
the drying temperature is 120 ℃ and the drying time is 5min.
The technical scheme of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing chopped carbon fibers and thermoplastic resin-based fibers through a suspension in a preparation method of blending fibers, filtering the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, laminating a plurality of thin carbon fiber felts, drying, and needling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt. And combining the obtained carbon fiber thick felt material with non-woven fabrics, and preparing the composite felt material with a three-dimensional structure by different layering modes. Compared with the traditional preparation method of the carbon fiber reinforced resin, the preparation method of the carbon fiber reinforced resin has the advantages of simple process, low cost, uniform fiber distribution in the obtained composite material, capability of removing static electricity, good tensile property, bending property and impact toughness, good interface compatibility after modification, low water absorption and low conductivity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and reagent materials and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The embodiment adopts polypropylene fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber as synthetic fiber, and the specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
taking 50% of carbon fiber, 45% of polypropylene fiber and 5% of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber;
preparing a suspension: ethanol and deionized water 95:5 mass ratio, KH560 was dissolved in the mixed solvent at a concentration of 3%, 0.2% carbon nanotube particles were added and 0.125% Triton X-100 and 1.25% polyethylene glycol were added.
Adding chopped carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers into the suspension, uniformly mixing, filtering the solution by the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, superposing 7 layers of thin carbon fiber felt, and carrying out needling at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 5min to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt.
And combining the carbon fiber thick felt material with non-woven fabrics, wherein the non-woven fabrics are surface-layer carbon fiber thick felt materials and core layers, so as to obtain the carbon fiber composite material with the three-dimensional structure.
Coating a release agent on the membrane: preheating a molding press to a required temperature, and then performing mold pressing for 5min; the heating temperature was 200 ℃.
And cooling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composite felt material.
Example 2
Taking 50% of carbon fiber, 45% of polylactic acid and 5% of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber;
preparing a suspension: ethanol and deionized water 95:5 mass ratio, KH560 was dissolved in the mixed solvent at a concentration of 3%, 0.2% carbon nanotube particles were added and 0.125% Triton X-100 and 1.25% polyethylene glycol were added.
Adding chopped carbon fibers, polylactic acid fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers into the suspension, uniformly mixing, filtering the solution by the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, superposing 4 layers of thin carbon fiber felt, drying for 5min, and needling at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt.
And combining the carbon fiber thick felt material with the non-woven fabric, paving the carbon fiber thick felt material on the non-woven fabric, paving a layer of carbon fiber thick felt material, and paving a layer of non-woven fabric to obtain the carbon fiber composite material with the five-layer three-dimensional structure.
Coating a release agent on the membrane: preheating a molding press to a required temperature, and then performing mold pressing for 5min; the heating temperature was 200 ℃.
And cooling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composite felt material.
Example 3
Taking 50% of carbon fiber, 45% of nylon 66 and 5% of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber;
preparing a suspension: ethanol and deionized water 95:5 mass ratio, KH560 was dissolved in the mixed solvent at a concentration of 3%, 0.2% carbon nanotube particles were added and 0.125% Triton X-100 and 1.25% polyethylene glycol were added.
Adding chopped carbon fibers, nylon 66 fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers into the suspension, uniformly mixing, filtering the solution by the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, superposing 3 layers of thin carbon fiber felt, drying for 5min, and needling at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt.
The carbon fiber thick felt is combined with the non-woven fabric, the carbon fiber thick felt is paved on the non-woven fabric and then a layer of non-woven fabric is paved, and seven layers are paved in the sequence of the carbon fiber felt and the non-woven fabric, so that the carbon fiber composite material with the seven-layer three-dimensional structure is obtained.
Coating a release agent on the membrane: preheating a molding press to a required temperature, and then performing mold pressing for 5min; the heating temperature was 275 ℃.
And cooling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced nylon 66 composite felt material.
TABLE 1 Performance test data for carbon fiber reinforced resin composites prepared in examples 1-3
| Examples | Thickness (mm) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Flexural Strength (MPa) | Impact Strength (KJ/m) 2 ） |
| 1 | 3 | 175 | 195 | 89 |
| 2 | 3 | 188 | 163 | 82 |
| 3 | 3 | 203 | 189 | 99 |
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of: adding chopped carbon fibers and thermoplastic resin-based fibers into a suspension, uniformly mixing, filtering the solution from the uniformly mixed slurry to obtain a layer of thin carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based felt, stacking a plurality of layers of thin carbon fiber felt, drying, and needling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt.
2. The method for preparing the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the suspension liquid contains a modifier, nano particles and a nonionic surfactant;
the modifier is one or a combination of a plurality of KH550, KH560 and KH 570;
the nano particles are one or a combination of a plurality of carbon nano tubes, nano silicon dioxide and graphene oxide;
the nonionic surface modifier is one or more of Triton X-100, polyethylene glycol and Triton.
3. The method for preparing the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying temperature is 120 ℃ and the drying time is 5min.
4. The method for preparing the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the density of the suspension is 1.1-1.5 m ⁄ ㎤.
5. The method for preparing the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the resin fiber is one or more of nylon fiber, polyether-ether-ketone fiber, polypropylene fiber, polylactic acid fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene;
the carbon fiber is one of PAN-based carbon fiber, asphalt-based carbon fiber, rayon carbon fiber and recycled carbon fiber.
6. The method for preparing the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fineness of the resin fiber is 0.1-0.7dex, and the length is 30-80mm; the length of the reinforcing fiber is 30-80mm.
7. The preparation method of the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material with the three-dimensional structure is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) Combining the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin-based thick felt material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-6 with non-woven fabrics to obtain a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material with a three-dimensional structure;
2) Spreading a release sheet on the membrane before mould pressing, preheating a mould press to a required temperature, and then carrying out mould pressing for 0.5-10min; the heating temperature is 110-400 ℃;
3) And cooling to obtain the carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material with the three-dimensional structure.
8. The method for preparing the three-dimensional structure carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the fiber reinforced resin composite material is 1-10mm.
9. The method for preparing the three-dimensional structure carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the outermost layer is non-woven fabric.
10. Use of the three-dimensional carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9 in aviation and automobile industries, characterized in that it is applied to parts with toughness more important than strength and rigidity.
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