CN116035934A - 基于刺孢青霉酸的组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种水包油乳液形式的组合物,其包含至少1%的油相并包含水相,其特征在于,其包含:相对于组合物的总重量,0.1重量%至15重量%的刺孢青霉酸,至少一种碱,所述碱选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺,其量适合形成至少刺孢青霉酸的单盐,相对于组合物的总重量,少于3重量%的二醇和/或多元醇,至少一种UV屏蔽剂和/或添加剂,所述添加剂选自挥发性芳香物质如精油和香味物质、填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
Description
本申请是PCT申请PCT/EP2016/082590进入中国国家阶段的申请日为2016年12月23日、申请号为201680082462.X且名称为“基于刺孢青霉酸的组合物”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及可用于美容工业的成膜组合物领域;更具体地,本发明涉及具有成膜性能的乳液。
能够形成稳定均匀膜的组合物的生产是许多领域中,更具体地,在美容工业中,例如作为乳膏、除臭剂、睫毛膏、指甲油、护理产品和/或化妆产品应用,的经常性技术问题。
具体地说,凭借这种成膜性能,许多美容产品在其性能方面将得到改善,无论是在组分的分散性上、感觉上还是在组合物施用的载体和外部介质之间的阻隔效果上。
通常,为了获得这种类型的组合物,主要使用常规的成膜聚合物;另外,当要获得乳液时,优选使用通常衍生自石油的具有成膜性能的合成表面活性剂分子。
然而,大多数用于各种工业的具有成膜性能的基于石油的合成表面活性剂分子对环境有害。
此外,合成表面活性剂无疑是良好的乳化剂,但是大多数会导致形成对湿度敏感且略微粘着的膜。
因此,仍然需要对环境友好的成膜乳化体系。
此外,人体皮肤和头皮是保护身体免受环境侵害的第一道屏障。每天,它们都受到外部攻击因素的影响,这些因素导致许多皮肤问题,例如皮肤加速老化、皮肤病、皮肤不适或油腻等。
特别是,由于大气污染,即空气中污染物的量,对皮肤的负面影响,其正在引起消费者越来越多的关注。在空气中存在的各种类型的污染物中,灰尘或细颗粒,例如直径小于10μm(PM10),优选小于2.5μm(PM2.5)的颗粒,碳粉,和气体例如CO、SO2或NOx,已引起消费者的关注,特别是在过去几年中。
存在于空气中的细颗粒倾向于粘附到皮肤上。它们沉积在皮肤上,并且即使在清洁后仍保持沉积。这种沉积不是消费者所希望的,因为认为皮肤毛孔可能被堵塞,从而导致皮肤问题。大气污染也是皮肤老化(特别是与污染物颗粒、UV辐射、烟草等产生的氧化应激有关)、皮肤脱水或皮脂溢出增加问题的原因(Lefebvre等人,2015,InternationalJournal of Cosmetic science,37:329-338)。
现有技术没有公开任何用于防止或减少细颗粒在皮肤和头皮上沉积的解决方案。
因此,非常需要制备对细颗粒具有抗沉积作用的组合物。更特别地,需要一种组合物,其在施用于角蛋白物质,特别是皮肤或头皮之后,除了具有其它性能例如保湿性能或改善柔软性之外,还具有有益的抗沉积性能。这种组合物的优点还在于能够在相对长的时间内具有上述效果,例如6至8小时。
美容组合物通常包含挥发性组分,例如护理或化妆组合物的水相中的挥发性溶剂、化妆组合物中的挥发性油、或者对于某些应用而言的精油。
但是,它们的挥发性可能会带来一定数量的问题。
具体地说,当所需效果与化合物的挥发性无关时,通常希望减少这种挥发性,以免于将过量挥发性物质引入包含其的产品中,特别是美容和/或皮肤病学组合物中。
更特别地,对于精油而言,它们通常是有气味的但并不总是具有芳香性:具体地说,它们并不总是产生令附近的人感到愉快的气味。它们用于各种食品、除臭品和美容产品中。根据植物的来源,它们的复杂组成提供特定的生物学性能,例如抗衰老、抗菌、除臭等性能。
然而,这些基于植物的活性剂的成分基本上是疏水的,并且或多或少是挥发性的,这通常使它们难于配制。
因此,在这种情况下,希望减少有气味的挥发性物质的挥发性。这将有利地可以,首先,使得所述挥发性物质在其施用部位保存更大的量,并因此提高其功效,其次,降低含有其的组合物的成本价格。
本发明的作者已经表明,这些问题可以通过使用特定的刺孢青霉酸(spiculisporic acid)盐来解决。
刺孢青霉酸是一种衍生自微生物的乳化生物表面活性剂,其对环境无毒。
因此,这种生物表面活性剂似乎目前是具有成膜性能的基于石油的合成表面活性剂分子的有利替代品,因为后者通常对环境有害。
此外,合成表面活性剂无疑是良好的乳化剂,但是大多数会导致形成对湿度敏感且略微粘着的膜。
因此,本发明涉及一种水包油乳液形式的组合物,特别是美容组合物,其包含油相、水相,其特征在于,其包含:
相对于组合物的总重量,0.1重量%至15重量%,优选0.5重量%至10重量%,更优选0.7重量%至8重量%的刺孢青霉酸,
至少一种碱,所述碱选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺,其量能够形成至少刺孢青霉酸的单盐,
相对于组合物的总重量,所述组合物包含少于3重量%,优选少于1重量%的二醇和/或多元醇,优选地,所述组合物不含二醇和/或多元醇。
更具体地,本发明涉及一种水包油乳液形式的组合物,特别是美容组合物,其包含至少1%的油相并包含水相,其特征在于,其包含:
相对于组合物的总重量,0.1重量%至15重量%,优选0.5重量%至10重量%,更优选1重量%至8重量%的刺孢青霉酸,
至少一种碱,所述碱选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺,其量能够形成至少刺孢青霉酸的单盐,
相对于组合物的总重量,少于3重量%,优选少于1重量%的二醇和/或多元醇,优选地,不含二醇和/或多元醇,
至少一种UV屏蔽剂和/或一种添加剂,所述添加剂选自有气味的挥发性物质(例如精油和香味物质)、填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂(dermo-decontracting agent)、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
根据本发明的组合物能够在角蛋白物质上形成稳定、均匀且耐受的膜。因此,本发明的组合物针对细颗粒具有增强的抗沉积性能,特别是通过在角蛋白物质上形成抗粘附膜,使得可以防止污染物化合物沉积在所述角蛋白物质上。
所用的组分尤其具有形成脂肪相膜的性能,使得可以稳定可以描述为“脂肪膜”的膜。
在一个具体实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物还包含0.0001%至30%的至少一种有气味的挥发性物质,所述有气味的挥发性物质选自精油和香味物质,优选精油。
根据本发明的组合物有利地可以降低有气味的挥发性物质,特别是精油的挥发性,同时减少其损害。
因此,根据本发明的组合物可以限制或甚至防止所述有气味的挥发性物质的蒸发。
因此,本发明的目的是提供用于对角蛋白物质进行护理和/或化妆的组合物,其对粉尘和细颗粒具有改善的抵抗性能,也就是说具有抵抗细颗粒在角蛋白物质上沉积的作用。
因此,在本发明的上下文中,使用刺孢青霉酸也可以省去添加另外的成膜聚合物。实际上,能够配制包含有限数量成分的组合物总是有利的。
此外,该生物表面活性剂的乳化性能至少与合成表面活性剂的相同;因此,根据本发明的O/W乳液特别稳定且均匀,如下文实施例中所示。
由于其乳化能力,以及由于所述组合物干燥后获得的膜的稳定性、持久性和耐湿性,根据本发明的组合物构成了包含合成表面活性剂的现有技术组合物的有利替代物。
根据本发明的组合物也特别是环境友好的。
根据本发明的组合物还具有以下优点:能够通过整合适当成分来配制用于非常多样的美容应用,例如除臭剂,睫毛膏,指甲油,护理和/或化妆产品,例如乳膏、粉底或护发产品,特别是含有有气味的挥发性物质的产品,例如香料或优选地,精油。
所获得的组合物,特别是护理和/或化妆产品,也产生在感官性能,特别是在愉悦感方面具有优势的膜。
通过施用护理和/或化妆组合物而获得的膜经历快速破裂,但是该膜在涂布时仍然起到拖拽作用(drag)。这种在施用时起到拖拽作用的性能使消费者施用较长时间的所述组合物,并且对皮肤施加更大的压力,从而使活性剂更好地渗透。拖曳的消失也可以构成完整成功应用的标志。
根据第二方面,本发明的目的在于根据本发明的组合物用作用于角蛋白物质,特别是皮肤或头发的清洁、化妆、护理和/或卫生的产品,特别是作为用于角蛋白物质的清洁产品的用途。
根据第三方面,本发明的目的在于非治疗性美容、化妆、护理、卫生和/或清洁方法,其包括将根据本发明的组合物施用于所述角蛋白物质的步骤。
更特别地,根据本发明的组合物是用于保护角蛋白物质,更特别是皮肤免受大气污染物影响的组合物。
因此,本发明的目的还在于根据本发明的组合物用于保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物的影响的用途,所述大气污染化合物特别选自炭黑、碳氧化物、氮氧化物、硫氧化物、基于烃的化合物、挥发性有机化合物、重金属、PM2.5和PM10细颗粒及其混合物。
更具体地,所述用途涉及保护角蛋白物质免受由大气污染化合物引起的病症的影响,所述病症选自皮肤油腻、皮肤脱水、脱屑病变、角鲨烯减少、维生素E减少、色素沉着和乳酸增加。
本发明还涉及用于保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物影响的非治疗性美容方法,所述大气污染化合物特别选自炭黑、碳氧化物、氮氧化物、硫氧化物、基于烃的化合物、挥发性有机化合物、重金属、PM2.5和PM10细颗粒及其混合物,所述方法包括将根据本发明的组合物施用于所述角蛋白物质的步骤。
更具体地,所述方法涉及保护角蛋白物质免受由大气污染化合物引起的病症的影响,所述病症选自皮肤油腻、皮肤脱水、脱屑病变、角鲨烯减少、维生素E减少、色素沉着和乳酸增加。
本发明还涉及刺孢青霉酸在组合物,特别是美容组合物中,以用选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱部分或完全中和的形式作为用于在角蛋白物质的表面上,特别是在皮肤或头发上形成膜的成膜剂的用途;更具体地,这种用途使得所形成的膜保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物的影响,或者使得所形成的膜促进组合物中包含的至少一种活性剂均匀分布在角蛋白物质上,所述活性剂优选为UV屏蔽剂和/或添加剂,所述UV屏蔽剂优选是亲脂性的,所述添加剂选自填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
本发明还涉及用选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱部分或完全中和的形式的刺孢青霉酸,用于防止和/或限制和/或避免美容组合物中含有的有气味的挥发性物质的蒸发的用途。
最后,本发明还涉及选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱的单盐形式的刺孢青霉酸,用于防止和/或限制和/或避免美容组合物中含有的有气味的挥发性物质蒸发的用途。
本发明的其它变体、优点和性质将在以下说明书和实施例中得到证实。
刺孢青霉酸
根据本发明的乳液形式的组合物包含刺孢青霉酸,也称为4,5-二羧基-4-十五内酯,具有下式:
已知刺孢青霉酸,在本文其余部分也称为“Sp酸”,在室温下,在水和脂肪物质中不溶,但它可溶于乙醇。
此外,已知刺孢青霉酸在室温下可通过成盐而溶解。
更准确地说,Sp酸可以形成单盐、二盐或三盐。
单盐对应于与Sp酸的C4位置的碳原子键合的羧基中和的产物;
二盐对应于与Sp酸的C4和C5位置的碳原子键合的羧基中和的产物;
三盐对应于与Sp酸的C4和C5位置的碳原子键合的羧基的中和,和打开形式的内酯官能团的成盐的产物。
在根据本发明的乳液中,刺孢青霉酸可以是单盐、二盐或三盐或具有不同成盐程度的几种盐的混合物的形式。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,刺孢青霉酸是单盐形式。
如上所述,相对于组合物的总重量,刺孢青霉酸的量的范围为0.1重量%至15重量%,优选0.5重量%至10重量%,更优选0.7重量%至8重量%。
特别地,相对于组合物的总重量,刺孢青霉酸的量为0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10重量%。
碱
本发明的乳液包含至少一种选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱,所述碱的存在量能够形成至少刺孢青霉酸的单盐。
所用的碱是中和碱,即,它能够使刺孢青霉酸被中和形成所述酸的盐。
因此,碱的用量能够形成单盐、二盐、三盐或具有不同成盐程度的刺孢青霉酸的几种盐的混合物。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方案,选择碱的量以形成刺孢青霉酸的单盐。
在本发明的上下文中,碱选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺。
更特别地,碱可选自以下碱性氨基酸:精氨酸,赖氨酸,鸟氨酸,瓜氨酸和组氨酸。氨基酸优选为精氨酸。
碱也可选自以下链烷醇胺:单-乙醇胺、二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺,异丙醇胺和2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇,及其混合物。优选地,链烷醇胺是三乙醇胺。
有利地,相对于组合物的总重量,碱的量的范围为0.1重量%至20重量%,优选0.5重量%至15重量%,更优选0.6重量%至10重量%。
生理上可接受的介质
除了前面指出的化合物外,本发明的组合物包含生理学上可接受的介质。
术语“生理学上可接受的介质”旨在表示特别适用于将本发明的组合物施用于皮肤和/或嘴唇的介质,例如水或美容组合物中常用的油或有机溶剂。
生理学上可接受的介质(可接受的耐受性、毒理学和感觉)通常与组合物所施用的载体的性质适应,还与组合物所调整的形式适应。
油相
根据本发明的组合物可包含油相,也称为脂肪相。
如实施例中所示,相对于组合物的总重量,组合物可含有多达70重量%,优选多达60重量%的脂肪相。甚至包含大量脂肪相的组合物可以产生稳定、均匀且耐受的膜。
根据本发明的组合物的脂肪相包含组合物中存在的所有脂溶性或脂分散性化合物,特别是在室温(25℃)和大气压下呈液态的脂肪物质或油(形成油相)。
存在于根据本发明的组合物中的油可以是硅油或基于烃的油。
术语“硅油”是指含有至少一个硅原子,特别是含有Si-O基团的油。
可以提及的硅油的实例包括挥发性硅油,例如环聚二甲基硅氧烷(INCI名称:环聚二甲基硅氧烷(cyclomethicone)),例如环戊硅氧烷,环己硅氧烷,八甲基环四硅氧烷,十甲基环五硅氧烷,十二甲基环六硅氧烷;线性硅氧烷,如七甲基己基三硅氧烷,七甲基辛基三硅氧烷,六甲基二硅氧烷,八甲基三硅氧烷,十甲基四硅氧烷或十二甲基五硅氧烷;非挥发性硅油,如聚甲基硅氧烷(PDMS),和苯基聚甲基硅氧烷,如苯基三甲基聚硅氧烷(phenyltrimethicone),苯基二甲基聚硅氧烷,苯基三甲基硅氧基二苯基硅氧烷,二苯基二甲基聚硅氧烷,二苯基甲基二苯基三硅氧烷,2-苯基乙基三甲基硅氧基硅酸酯(2-phenylethyltrimethyl siloxysilicate)和聚甲基苯基硅氧烷;用脂肪酸、脂肪醇或聚氧化烯改性的聚硅氧烷,及其混合物。
术语“挥发性”是指在室温和大气压下在不到一小时内与皮肤接触时可蒸发的化合物。挥发性油是挥发性美容油,其在室温下是液体,特别是在室温和大气压下蒸气压非零,特别是蒸气压的范围为0.13Pa至40000Pa(10-3至300mmHg),优选为1.3Pa至13000Pa(0.01至100mmHg),优选为1.3Pa至1300Pa(0.01至10mmHg)。
术语“基于烃的油”是指基本上由碳原子和氢原子以及可能的氧和氮原子形成或甚至由其组成的油,并且不含硅或氟原子;它可以含有酯、醚、胺或酰胺基团。
作为可以用于本发明组合物的油,可以提及,例如:
-植物来源的基于烃的油,例如角鲨烷,包含4至30个碳原子的脂肪酸的液体甘油三酯,例如庚酸或辛酸甘油三酯,或者例如,荷荷巴油,巴西棕榈油,向日葵油,橄榄油,椰子油,巴西坚果油,马鲁拉油,玉米油,大豆油,骨髓油,葡萄籽油,亚麻籽油,芝麻籽油,榛子油,杏仁油,澳洲坚果油,阿拉拉油,香菜(coriander)油,蓖麻油,鳄梨油,辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯,例如由Stéarineries Dubois公司销售的那些或由Dynamit Nobel公司以名称Miglyol
810、812和818销售的那些,和乳木果油;
-合成酯和醚,特别是脂肪酸,例如式R1COOR2和R1OR2的油,其中R1代表含有8至29个碳原子的脂肪酸或脂肪醇残基,且R2代表含有3至30个碳原子的支链或非支链基于烃的链,例如Purcellin油,2-辛基十二烷基硬脂酸酯,2-辛基十二烷基芥酸酯或异硬脂基异硬脂酸酯;羟基化的酯,例如乳酸异硬脂酯,羟基硬脂酸辛酯,羟基硬脂酸辛基十二烷基酯,苹果酸二异硬脂基酯或柠檬酸三异十六烷基酯;脂肪醇庚酸酯、辛酸酯或癸酸酯;多元醇酯,例如丙二醇二辛酸酯,新戊二醇二庚酸酯和二乙二醇二异壬酸酯;和季戊四醇酯,例如季戊四醇四异硬脂酸酯;
-矿物或合成来源的挥发性或非挥发性、直链或支链烃,及其衍生物,例如包含8至18个碳原子的支链烷烃,例如C8-C18异烷烃(也称为异链烷烃(isoparaffin)),例如异十二烷,异癸烷,异十六烷,例如由Exxon Chemical公司以商品名Isopar销售的异链烷烃或由Presperse公司以商品名Permethyl销售的油,由Ineos公司销售的异十六烷和异十二烷;以及液体凡士林和氢化聚异丁烯如油;包含7至17个碳原子的挥发性直链烷烃,例如十一烷和十三烷;
-含有8至26个碳原子的在室温下为液体的脂肪醇,例如辛基十二烷醇,2-丁基辛醇,2-己基癸醇,2-十一烷基十五烷醇或油醇;以及
-其混合物。
特别可以提及的是以下油:
-衍生自至少一种脂肪酸与至少一种醇的反应的酯,所述脂肪酸含有至少6个碳原子,优选6至26个碳原子,更好是6至20个碳原子,甚至更好是6至16个碳原子,所述醇含有1至17个碳原子,更好是3至15个碳原子;特别可以提及的是肉豆蔻酸异丙酯,棕榈酸异丙酯,癸酸/辛酸2-乙基己酯(或癸酯/辛酸辛基酯),棕榈酸2-乙基己酯,新戊酸异硬脂酯,异壬酸异壬酯,月桂酸己酯,含有12或13个碳原子的脂肪醇的乳酸酯,和碳酸二辛酯,例如由Cognis公司以名称Cetiol CC销售的产品,
-含有6至20个碳原子的脂肪酸醚,例如二辛基醚(Cognis的Cetiol OE),
-含有6至12个碳原子的的甘油醚,例如甘油的2-乙基己基醚(INCI名称:
乙基己基甘油(ethylhexyl glycerol)),例如Schulke&Mayr GmbH公司的SensivaSC50,
-辛基十二烷醇,
-烷烃,例如在Cognis专利申请WO2007/068371或WO2008/155059中描述的那些(至少一个碳不同的不同烷烃的混合物)。这些烷烃是从脂肪醇获得的,脂肪醇本身是从椰子仁油或棕榈油获得的。
作为适用于本发明的直链烷烃的实例,可以提及正庚烷(C7),正辛烷(C8),正壬烷(C9),正癸烷(C10),正十一烷(C11),正十二烷(C12),正十三烷(C13)和正十四烷(C14),及其混合物。根据一个具体实施方案,挥发性直链烷烃选自正壬烷,正十一烷,正十二烷,正十三烷和正十四烷,及其混合物。
根据一个优选的实施方案,可提及的是Cognis公司的专利申请WO2008/155059的实施例1和2中获得的正十一烷(C11)和正十三烷(C13)的混合物;
-通过不饱和脂肪酸的二聚体和/或三聚体与二醇的缩合获得的聚酯,例如由Biosynthis以名称Visosoplast销售的二亚油酸和二醇的聚酯,特别是INCI名称为二亚油酸/丙二醇共聚物的聚合物;以及
-其混合物。
优选地,所述油选自如上所述的植物油。
相对于组合物的总重量,本发明组合物中脂肪相的量为至少1重量%,优选至少5重量%,范围可以为1重量%至70重量%,优选5重量%至70重量%,优选5重量%至60重量%。
在涂布到角蛋白物质上并干燥后,根据本发明的组合物有利地形成膜,优选亲水膜,其具有高润湿性(因此具有高能表面),即它对水具有强亲和力。
对于本发明的目的,术语“润湿性”是指表面被给定材料,特别是水润湿的能力。通常,当液体与固体表面接触时(在这种情况下,形成膜),在固体表面上形成液体的接触角。当润湿完美时,接触角变为零。在这种情况下,粘附能量是最大的。润湿性通过本领域技术人员熟知的方法评估,主要包括测量在涂布组合物并干燥后所形成的膜表面上的一滴水的接触角。该接触角,通常称为α角,对应于膜表面与液滴在表面/水/空气界面处的切线之间存在的角度。该角度可以在0°和180°之间。
如果角度为零,则为完全润湿,即液体在表面上被完全铺展,因此在载体和液体之间存在强烈的相互作用。如果角度是180°,则为零润湿,即液体形成小滴(bead)。液体和载体之间只有一个接触点,最重要的是没有亲和力。
对于中间角度,则是部分润湿。因此,认为当该接触角大于45°时,材料具有低能表面。相反,当该接触角小于45°时,则该材料具有高能表面。通常,低能材料具有疏水性。出于本发明的目的,术语“疏水性表面”是指表面的特征在于水滴的接触角大于或等于45°并且通常大于70°。就其本身而言,术语“亲水性”用于表示这样的表面:其特征在于水滴的接触角小于45°,优选小于或等于30°。
用于评价由根据本发明的组合物形成的膜的润湿的方案是现有技术中公知的。用于评估润湿的方案尤其可以如下。
在15℃和50℃之间(优选19和25℃之间)的温度,10%和70%之间,优选50%和60%之间的湿度,以及标准大气压条件下,将根据本发明的组合物施用于载体的表面,所述载体的表面优选是平的,所述载体优选是角蛋白物质或任意其它合适的载体。可以使用膜涂布器有利地将组合物沉积在载体表面上。
在15℃和50℃之间(优选19和25℃之间)的温度,10%和70%之间,优选50%和60%之间的湿度,以及标准大气压条件下,进行干燥。
然后在将一滴水滴在膜表面上0.1秒后测量接触角。
润湿尤其可以通过接触角张力测量法测量,例如使用由Fibro(瑞典)公司销售的张力计DAT 1100,或使用用于测量接触角的标准机器,例如由IT Concept公司销售的SDT-200机器,以静态模式使用,或使用由Krüss公司销售的MSA表面分析仪。
在一个优选的实施方案中,用根据本发明的组合物在干燥后形成的膜的特征在于它是亲水的,并且水滴的接触角小于或等于45°,优选小于或等于40°,优选小于或等于35°,更优选小于或等于30°,优选小于或等于25°。
在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不包括除了由如上所述的刺孢青霉酸和碱形成的成膜剂或体系之外的任意成膜剂或体系。特别地,根据本发明的组合物包含小于5重量%,优选小于3重量%,优选小于2重量%,优选小于1重量%,优选小于0.5重量%,更优选不包含除了由如上所述的刺孢青霉酸和碱形成的成膜剂或体系之外的任意成膜剂或体系。术语“其它成膜剂或体系”优选是指能够单独或组合形成膜的化合物,特别是果胶、果胶和二价离子的组合,例如碳酸钙,或成膜聚合物。在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不同时包含果胶和二价离子,例如钙盐,更具体地是碳酸钙。在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不含果胶。在另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不含成膜聚合物。
有气味的挥发性物质
根据本发明的组合物有利地包含至少一种有气味的挥发性物质。
出于本发明的目的,术语“挥发性物质”是指能够在室温和大气压下在不到一小时内与皮肤接触时蒸发的任何化合物。挥发性物质是挥发性美容化合物,其在室温下是液体,特别是在室温和大气压下蒸气压非零,特别是蒸气压的范围为0.13Pa至40000Pa(10-3至300mmHg),优选为1.3Pa至13000Pa(0.01至100mmHg),更优选为1.3Pa至1300Pa(0.01至10mmHg)。
有利地,所述挥发性物质是亲脂性的,因此存在于乳液的脂肪相中。基本上预期的有气味的挥发性物质是精油和香味物质,即除精油之外的香味物质。
精油
精油与植物油的不同之处在于它们不能通过皂化分解成甘油和脂肪酸皂。此外,它们是挥发性的。
根据国际标准ISO 9235中给出的并由欧洲药典委员会采用的定义,精油是通常具有复杂组成的产品,从植物学定义的植物原料获得,通过蒸汽夹带(steam entrainment),或通过干馏,或通过使用液体或气体溶剂的萃取,或通过适当的机械方法不经加热(冷榨)而获得。精油通常通过物理方法与水相分离,该方法不会导致组合物的任何显著变化。这些精油也可以通过合成制备。
根据本发明使用的精油可以从源自整株植物或所述植物的任意部分(例如叶子,茎,花,花瓣,种子,果实,芽,根,植物分枝和/或整株植物)的任意植物材料获得。
根据本发明使用的精油可以根据上述技术制备,并且优选根据蒸汽夹带的标准技术获得。
在根据本发明可以使用的精油中,可以提及的是从属于以下植物科的植物获得的那些:
松科(Abietaceae或Pinaceae):松柏类植物;石蒜科(Amaryllidaceae);漆树科(Anacardaceae);番荔枝科(Anonaceae):依兰(ylang ylang);伞形科(Apiaceae)(例如伞形科(Umbelliferae)):莳萝(dill)、白芷(angelica)、香菜、海茴香、胡萝卜、荷兰芹(parsley);天南星科(Araceae);马兜铃科(Aristolochiaceae);菊科(Asteraceae):蓍草(yarrow)、艾草(artemisia)、洋甘菊、蜡菊(helichrysum);桦木科(Betulaceae);十字花科(Brassicaceae);橄榄科(Burseraceae):乳香(frankincense);石竹科(Caryophyllaceae);白樟科(Canellaceae);苏木科(Caesalpiniaceae):古拜巴脂(Copaifera)(古巴香脂(copaibabalsam));藜科(Chenopodaceae);半日花科(Cistaceae):岩蔷薇(rock rose);莎草科(Cyperaceae);龙脑香科(Dipterocarpaceae);杜鹃花科(Ericaceae):白珠树属(gaultheria)(冬绿);大戟科(Euphorbiaceae);豆科(Fabaceae);牻牛儿苗科(Geraniaceae):天竺葵(geranium);藤黄科(Guttiferae);金缕梅科(Hamamelidaceae);莲叶桐科(Hernandiaceae);金丝桃科(Hypericaceae):圣约翰草(St-John’s wort);鸢尾科(Iridaceae);胡桃科(Juglandaceae);唇形科(Lamiaceae):百里香、牛至、长叶薄荷、香薄荷、罗勒、马郁兰(marjoram)、薄荷(mint)、广藿香(patchouli)、薰衣草、鼠尾草(sage)、猫薄荷(catnip)、迷迭香、牛膝草(hyssop)、香蜂草(balm)、迷迭香;樟科(Lauraceae):罗纹莎叶(ravensara)、月桂(sweet bay)、紫檀(rosewood)、肉桂、木姜子(litsea);百合科(Liliaceae):大蒜;木兰科(Magnoliaceae):木兰(magnolia);锦葵科(Malvaceae);楝科(Meliaceae);杯轴花科(Monimiaceae);桑科(Moraceae):大麻、蛇麻草(hop);杨梅科(Myricaceae);肉豆蔻科(Mysristicacae):肉豆蔻;桃金娘科(Myrtaceae):桉树、茶树、白油树(paperbark tree)、玉树、巴豪(backhousia)、丁香、桃金娘;木犀科(Oleaceae);胡椒科(Piperaceae):胡椒;海桐花科(Pittosporaceae);禾木科(Poaceae):香茅草(citronella grass)、柠檬草(lemongrass)、香根草(vetiver);蓼科(Polygonaceae);毛茛科(Renunculaceae);蔷薇科(Rosaceae):玫瑰;茜草科(Rubiaceae);芸香科:全部的柑桔植物;杨柳科(Salicaceae);檀香科(Santalaceae):檀木;虎耳草科(Saxifragaceae);五味子科(Schisandraceae);安息香科(Styracaceae):安息香(benzoin);瑞香科(Thymelaeaceae):沉香木(agarwood);椴树科(Tilliaceae);败酱科(Valerianaceae):缬草(valerian)、甘松(spikenard);马鞭草科(Verbenaceae):马樱丹属(lantana)、马鞭草属(verbena);堇菜科(Violaceae);姜科(Zingiberaceae):高良姜(galangal)、黄姜(turmeric)、豆蔻(cardamom)、姜(ginger);蒺藜科(Zygophyllaceae)。
还可提及的是从花(百合、薰衣草、玫瑰、茉莉、依兰、苦橙花(neroli))、从茎和叶(广藿香、天竺葵、苦橙叶(petitgrain))、从果实(香菜、茴香籽、小茴香、杜松)、从果皮(香柠檬、柠檬、橙)、从根(白芷、芹菜、豆蔻、鸢尾、白菖蒲、姜)、从木头(松木、檀木、愈创木(gaiac wood)、玫瑰雪松木(rose of cedar)、樟木)、从草和禾本科(gramineae)(龙蒿(tarragon)、迷迭香、罗勒、柠檬草、鼠尾草、百里香)、从针叶和树枝(云杉、冷杉、松树、矮松)以及从树脂和香膏(白松香、榄香脂、安息香、没药、乳香,苦树脂(opopanax))提取的精油。
优选用于本发明组合物的精油选自天竺葵精油,香茅草精油,雪松精油,甜橙精油,绿牛至(green oregano)精油,柠檬草精油,柠檬猫薄荷(lemon catnip)精油,迷迭香精油,山香(mountain savory)精油,串叶松香草(laserwort)(伞形科植物种子或叶子)精油,马郁兰精油,柴胡精油(菊科),蓍草精油,百里香精油,柠檬香蜂草(lemon balm)精油,柠檬精油,桉树特别是辐射松或蓝桉精油,绿柑橘或红柑橘精油,丁香精油,肉桂精油,或其混合物。优选地,其选自天竺葵精油、甜橙精油和绿牛至精油。
相对于组合物的总重量,精油的量的范围为0.0001重量%至20重量%,优选0.001重量%至10重量%,优选地0.01重量%至5重量%。
天竺葵(geranium)精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,本发明的组合物包含天竺葵精油。
天竺葵是属于天竺葵科的草本植物。
天竺葵精油主要在两个品种中获得,即Pelargonium roseum asperum CVBourbon和Pelargonium roseum asperum CV North Africa(埃及)。
他们的INCI名称相同,即香叶天竺葵(Pelargonium graveolens)。因此,它也被称为天竺葵(pelargonium)精油。在本文中,术语“天竺葵(geranium)精油”和“天竺葵(pelargonium)精油”的使用没有任何区别。
天竺葵精油基本上由三种单萜醇的组合组成,即香茅醇(citronellol)(18%至32%)、香叶醇(geraniol)(8%至20%)和芳樟醇(linalool)(1.8%至11%),以及相应的萜烯酯。
天竺葵精油是通过使用天竺葵叶和茎进行蒸汽夹带的常规蒸馏而制备的。
蒸汽夹带相当于在蒸汽的存在下,微溶于水的物质的蒸发。将原料放置在蒸馏釜中与沸水或蒸汽接触。蒸汽夹带精油蒸气,其在冷凝器中冷凝并作为液相回收于佛罗伦萨花瓶(Florentine vase)(或精华瓶)中,在其中精油通过沉降与水分离。在进行了精油分离后,蒸汽夹带后留下的水性馏分被称为“芳香水”或“纯露”或“蒸馏花水”。
香茅草(citronella grass)精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物含有香茅草精油。
香茅草是一种源自印度和东南亚的长的草,高度可达1.50m。它由狭窄的披针形叶子组成,其花序梗类似于分枝。它的香味与柠檬相似,该植物的名字由此而来。这种植物来自热带,源自印度和斯里兰卡,也生长在非洲、南美洲、中美洲和马达加斯加。其精油是通过蒸馏切碎的叶子而获得的,叶子每年收获数次。
该蒸馏在不加水或蒸汽的情况下,在封闭室中进行,该封闭室被设计成使得液体在底部回收。
甜橙精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物含有甜橙精油。
橙是属于芸香科(Rutaceae)的橙树(Citrus sinensis)的果实。甜橙精油优选通过榨(压榨和刮擦)橙皮而获得。甜橙精油的INCI名称为:Citrus Aurantium Dulcis PeelOil。
可提及的甜橙精油是由Elixens公司销售的产品Citrus Aurantium Dulcis PeelOil。
该生产方法通常在室温下通过机械方法仅应用于柑橘类水果(Citrus spp.)。该方法的原理如下:将橙皮撕成碎片,并通过物理方法回收已破碎的分泌囊的内容物。标准方法包括在水流下在水果的整个表面上施加研磨作用。除去固体废物后,通过离心将精油与水相分离。大多数工业装置允许同时或相继回收果汁和精油。
绿牛至精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含绿牛至精油。
绿牛至,Origanum heracleoticum L.的精油,是从花卉地上部分提取的,主要由酚:香芹酚、百里酚和单萜:对甲基异丙基苯和γ-萜品烯组成。
这种精油推荐用于治疗头皮屑。它具有抗感染作用,具有广泛的作用:非常强的抗菌、抗病毒、抗真菌和抗寄生虫作用。它提供了一般的滋补作用,并且还具有免疫刺激性质,以及食欲刺激和消化性质。
雪松精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含雪松精油。
雪松是松科(Pinaceae)的针叶树(Cedrus)。雪松精油优选通过蒸汽夹带获得,该方法如前所述。雪松精油的INCI名称为:Cedrus Atlantica Wood Oil。
柠檬猫薄荷精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含柠檬猫薄荷(Nepetacataria L.citriodora BECK)精油。适用于本发明的这种精油可以通过花头的蒸汽蒸馏提取而获得。特别地,柠檬猫薄荷精油主要包含单萜醇、单萜烯和萜烯的混合物。
迷迭香精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,本发明的组合物包含迷迭香精油。
适用于本发明的迷迭香(Rosmarinum officinalis Chemotype Cineole或Rosmarinum officinalis‘pyramidalis')精油可通过叶子的蒸汽蒸馏提取而获得。
北非迷迭香精油主要包含萜烯氧化物、单萜烯、单萜、单萜烯、倍半萜、萜烯酯的混合物,以及痕量的马鞭草酮、萜品油烯、γ-松油烯、芳樟醇和对异丙基甲苯。
山香精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,本发明的组合物包含山香精油。
适用于本发明的山香(Satureja montana L.,Satureja montana L.sspmontana)精油可以通过蒸汽蒸馏提取植物和花来获得。山香精油主要包含酚、单萜、倍半萜、萜氧化物和单萜烯醇的混合物。
百里香精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,本发明的组合物包含百里香精油。
适用于本发明的百里香精油(Thymus vulgaris CT百里酚)可通过蒸汽蒸馏植物的花头而获得。特别地,百里香精油主要包含酚类(百里酚和香芹酚)和醇类(萜品烯和冰片)。
柠檬香蜂草精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含柠檬香蜂草精油。
适用于本发明的柠檬香蜂草(Melissa officinalis L.)精油可通过蒸汽蒸馏提取地上部分而获得。地上部分优选于6月至9月收获。特别地,柠檬香蜂草精油主要包含醛、倍半萜、单萜、萜烯酯、醇和非挥发性化合物的混合物。
丁香精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含丁香精油。
适用于本发明的丁香(Eugenia caryophyllus或E.aromatica Syzygiumaromaticum)精油可通过蒸汽蒸馏提取丁香(花芽)来获得。特别地,丁香精油主要包含苯酚、倍半萜烯和酯的混合物。
肉桂精油
根据本发明的一个实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含肉桂精油。
适用于本发明的肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia)精油可以通过树皮的蒸汽蒸馏而获得。特别地,肉桂精油主要包含芳香醛、肉桂醛、以及酚如胡椒酚和异丁香酚。
柠檬精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含柠檬精油。
柠檬(Citrus limonum L.)精油优选通过榨(压榨和刮擦)柠檬皮而获得。
桉树精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,根据本发明的组合物包含桉树,优选辐射松(radiata)或蓝桉的精油。
适用于本发明的桉树(Eucalyptus radiata LABILL)精油可以通过树叶的蒸汽蒸馏而获得。
绿柑橘或红柑橘精油
根据一个优选的实施方案,本发明的组合物包含绿柑橘或红柑橘精油。
绿柑橘(Citrus reticulata blanco)精油优选通过榨(压榨和刮擦)柑橘皮而获得。
香味物质
有气味的挥发性物质也可以选自除精油之外的香味物质或香料。
香料是尤其含有S.Arctander,Perfume and Flavor Chemicals(Montclair,N.J.,1969)中、S.Arctander,Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin(Elizabeth,N.J.,1960)中和Flavor and Fragrance Materials–1991,AlluredPublishing Co.,Wheaton,III中描述的原料的组合物。
它们也可能是天然产品,纯粹物(absolute),类树脂,树脂,凝结物(concrete)和/或合成产物(萜烯或倍半萜烯烃,醇,酚,醛,酮,醚,酸,酯,腈或过氧化物,它们可以是饱和的或不饱和的,是脂族或环状的)。
香味物质的实例尤其是:香叶醇,乙酸香叶酯,法尼醇(farnesol),冰片,乙酸冰片酯,芳樟醇,乙酸芳樟酯,丙酸芳樟酯,丁酸芳樟酯,四氢芳樟醇,香茅醇,乙酸香茅酯,甲酸香茅酯,丙酸香茅酯,二氢月桂烯醇,乙酸二氢月桂烯酯,四氢月桂烯醇,松油醇,乙酸松油酯,诺卜醇(nopol),乙酸诺卜酯,橙花醇(nerol),乙酸橙花酯,2-苯基乙醇,乙酸2-苯乙酯,苯甲醇,乙酸苄酯,水杨酸苄酯,乙酸苏合香酯(styrallyl acetate),苯甲酸苄酯,水杨酸戊酯,二甲基苄基甲醇,乙酸三氯甲基苯乙烯酯,乙酸对叔丁基环己酯,乙酸异壬酯,乙酸香根酯(vetiveryl acetate),香根醇(vetiverol),α-己基肉桂醛,2-甲基-3-(对叔丁基苯基)丙醛,2-甲基-3-(对异丙基苯基)丙醛,3-(对叔丁基苯基)丙醛,2,4-二甲基环己-3-烯基甲醛,乙酸三环癸烯酯,丙酸三环癸烯酯,4-(4-羟基-4-甲基戊基)-3-环己烯甲醛(4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde),4-(4-甲基-3-戊烯基)-3-环己烯甲醛(cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde),4-乙酰氧基-3-戊基四氢吡喃,3-羧基甲基-2-戊基环戊烷,2-正-4-庚基环戊酮,3-甲基-2-戊基-2-环戊烯酮,薄荷酮,香芹酮,万寿菊酮(tagetone),香叶基丙酮(geranylacetone),正癸醛,正十二烷醛,9-癸-1-醇,异丁酸苯氧基乙酯,苯乙醛二甲基缩醛,苯乙醛二乙缩醛,柠檬腈(geranonitrile),香茅腈(citronellonitrile),乙酸柏木酯(cedryl acetate),3-异琥珀环己醇,甲基柏木醚(cedryl methyl ether),异长叶烷酮(isolongifolanone),茴香腈(aubepinonitrile),茴香醛(aubepine),胡椒醛,香豆素,丁香酚,香草醛,二苯醚,柠檬醛,香茅醛,羟基香茅醛,二氢大马酮(damascone),紫罗兰酮(ionone),甲基紫罗兰酮,异甲基紫罗兰酮,茄酮(solanone),鸢尾酮(irone),顺-3-己烯醇及其酯,茚满麝香(musk-indan),萘满麝香(musk-tetralin),异色满麝香(musk-isochroman),大环酮,大环酮麝香(musk-macrolactone),脂族麝香(aliphatic musk),巴西酸亚乙酯(ethylene brassylate)和玫瑰香精,及其混合物。
依照本发明的一个优选实施方案,使用了不同的香味物质的混合物,其共同产生使使用者愉悦的香气。
优选地,可以选择芳香物质以使其产生以下种类的香气(头香、中香和后香):柑橘香,芳香,花香,辣香,木香,美食香(gourmand),西普香(chypre),馥香,革质香,麝香。
相对于组合物的总重量,芳香物质的量通常为至少0.01重量%,优选不超过30重量%,特别是0.1重量%至10重量%,优选0.3重量%至10重量%,尤其是0.1%至5%或0.3%至5%。
水相
相对于组合物的总重量,水的总含量可以为30重量%至90重量%,优选40重量%至85重量%。
优选地,相对于组合物的总重量,根据本发明的组合物包含至少30重量%的水,优选至少40重量%,优选至少50重量%。
除水之外,根据本发明的组合物可包含至少一种水溶性溶剂。
水相构成组合物的连续相。
术语“具有水性连续相的组合物”是指组合物在25℃下测量的电导率大于或等于23μS/cm(微西门子/cm),电导率例如使用来自Mettler Toledo的MPC227电导计和Inlab730电导率测量池来测量。将测量池浸入组合物中,以除去可能在池的两个电极之间形成的气泡。当电导率值稳定时,获得电导率读数。至少三次连续测量确定平均值。
本发明组合物中使用的水可以是脱矿质纯水,但也可以是矿泉水和/或泉水和/或海水,即组合物的水可以部分或完全由选自矿泉水、泉水、海水及其混合物的水组成。通常,矿泉水适合消耗,但泉水并非总是如此。除其他外,这些水中的每一种都含有溶解的矿物质和/或微量元素。已知这些水根据它们所含的特定微量元素和矿物质而用于特定的治疗目的,例如皮肤的保湿和脱敏或某些皮肤病的治疗。术语“矿泉水”和“泉水”不仅表示天然矿泉水或泉水,还表示富含额外的矿物成分和/或微量元素的天然矿泉水或泉水,以及水性矿物溶液和/或由纯净水(脱矿质水或蒸馏水)制备的含痕量元素的溶液。根据本发明使用的天然泉水或矿泉水可以选自,例如Vittel水,Vichy basin水,Uriage水,Roche Posay水,Bourboule水,Enghien-les-Bains水,Saint Gervais-les-Bains水,Néris-les-Bains水,Allevar-les-Bains水,Digne水,Maizières水,Neyrac-les-Bains水,Lons-le-Saunier水,Eaux Bonnes水,Rochefort水,Saint Christau水,Fumades水,Tercis-les-bains水和Avene水。
本发明组合物中使用的水也可以是从植物中制备的水,例如当从整株植物或其一部分获得时的“植物水”,或当所述水从花获得的“花水”。从植物(或任意植物学定义的植物原料),特别是整株植物和/或植物的一部分获得的这种水也称为“纯露”。
术语“纯露”是指通过蒸汽夹带从植物原料获得的水性馏分。蒸汽夹带相当于在蒸汽的存在下,微溶于水的物质的蒸发。根据本发明的纯露可以是从整株植物和/或该植物的一部分获得的水性蒸馏物,在蒸气夹带之后,在进行了精油分离后,留下该水性蒸馏物。原料可以放置在蒸馏釜中与沸水或蒸汽接触。蒸汽夹带精油蒸气,其在冷凝器中冷凝并作为液相回收于佛罗伦萨花瓶(Florentine vase)(或精华瓶)中,在其中精油通过沉降与水分离。因此,“纯露”是在蒸气夹带之后,在进行了精油分离后,留下的水性蒸馏物。根据本发明的纯露也可称为“芳香水”。
纯露可以从整株植物获得,优选植物,灌木或花,或从选自以下的该植物的一部分获得:可以处于各种干燥状态(干燥、枯萎、新鲜形式)的花,叶,茎,种子,果实,根,花瓣和芽,及其混合物。
特别地,在本发明的背景中,纯露是植物和/或植物的一部分的纯露,所述植物选自蔷薇科,优选蔷薇属(Rosa),菊科,优选矢车菊属(Centaurea)和/或果香菊属(Chamaemelum),唇形科,优选薰衣草属(Lavandula),芸香科,优选柑橘属(Citrus),唇形科,优选蜜蜂花属(Melissa)和/或薄荷属(Mentha),马鞭草科,优选橙香木属(Aloysia),及其混合物。
更特别地,在本发明的背景中,纯露是植物和/或植物的一部分的纯露,所述植物选自大马士革玫瑰(Rosa damascena),矢车菊(Centaurea cyanus),洋甘菊(Anthemisnobilis)或罗马洋甘菊(Chamaemelum nobile),狭叶薰衣草(Lavandula angustifolia),苦柑(Citrus aurantium amara),柠檬香蜂草(Melissa officinalis),胡椒薄荷(Menthapiperrita)和柠檬马鞭草(Lippia citriodora),及其混合物。
在本发明中,术语“水溶性溶剂”表示在室温下为液体且水可混溶(在25℃和大气压下与水的混溶性大于50%)的化合物。
可用于本发明组合物中的水溶性溶剂也可以是挥发性的。
在根据本发明的组合物中可以使用的水溶性溶剂中,可以特别提及的是含有1至5个碳原子的低级一元醇,如乙醇和异丙醇。
在本发明中,术语“多元醇”是指含有2至8个碳原子的二醇,如乙二醇,丙二醇,1,3-丁二醇和二丙二醇,C3和C4酮和C2-C4醛,或多元醇,例如甘油。
如已经提到的,相对于组合物的总重量,根据本发明的组合物包含小于3重量%,优选小于1重量%的二醇或多元醇。有利地,根据本发明的组合物不含二醇和/或多元醇。
有利地,二醇/刺孢青霉酸或多元醇/刺孢青霉酸比例小于1,优选小于0.2。
相对于组合物的总重量,组合物中水相(水和任选的水混溶性溶剂)的含量可以为0.1重量%至99.9重量%,优选40重量%至95重量%。
增稠剂
根据本发明的组合物可包含至少一种亲水性胶凝剂作为增稠剂。
优选地,亲水性胶凝剂是聚合物,并且它们优选地是天然的或天然来源的。
出于本发明的目的,术语“天然来源”旨在表示通过对天然聚合胶凝剂进行改性而获得的聚合胶凝剂。
这些胶凝剂可以是颗粒状或非颗粒状的。
更具体地说,这些胶凝剂属于多糖类。
有利地,多糖可以选自角叉菜胶,特别是κ-角叉菜胶,结冷胶,琼脂,黄原胶,基于藻酸盐的化合物特别是海藻酸钠,硬葡聚糖胶(scleroglucan gum),瓜尔胶,菊粉(inulin)和普鲁兰多糖(pullulan),及其混合物。
优选地,亲水性胶凝剂是黄原胶。
根据预期的应用,根据本发明的组合物还可以包含一种或多种在组合物尤其是护理和/或化妆组合物中常用的填充剂,着色物质尤其是颜料,具有金属光泽的珍珠母和颗粒。
本发明的一个优点是它允许这些填料、珍珠母和颜料在组合物中均匀分散。
不用说,本领域技术人员将选择这些添加剂以使它们与组合物的其它组分相容。
填料
除了颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母和颗粒,根据本发明的组合物还可以包含一种或多种在组合物尤其是护理和/或化妆组合物中常用的填充剂。
这些填料是任意形式的无色或白色固体颗粒,其形式为在组合物的介质中不溶且分散在组合物介质中。
这些矿物或有机的、天然或合成性质的填料使含有它们的组合物柔软,使所得化妆具有哑光效果和均匀性。此外,这些填充剂有利地使得可以对抗各种攻击因素,例如皮脂或汗液。
作为这些填充剂的说明,可以提及滑石,云母,二氧化硅,高岭土,聚-β-丙氨酸粉末和聚乙烯粉末,四氟乙烯聚合物的粉末月桂酰赖氨酸,淀粉,氮化硼,中空聚合物微球,例如聚偏二氯乙烯/丙烯腈的中空聚合物微球,例如(NobelIndustrie),丙烯酸共聚物微球,硅树脂微珠(例如Toshiba的),聚有机硅氧烷弹性体颗粒,沉淀的碳酸钙,碳酸镁,碳酸氢镁,羟基磷灰石,硫酸钡,聚氨酯粉末,复合填料,中空二氧化硅微球和玻璃或陶瓷微胶囊。也可以使用中空球形部分形式的颗粒,如专利申请JP-2003 128 788和JP-2000 191 789中所述的。
特别地,相对于组合物的总重量,根据本发明的组合物中这种填料的存在量可以为0.01重量%至25重量%,特别是0.1重量%至20重量%,特别是1重量%至10重量%。
珍珠母
根据本发明的组合物还可包含至少一种珍珠母。
术语“珍珠母”应理解为意指任意形状的彩虹色或非彩虹色颗粒,尤其是由某些软体动物在其壳中产生的或者合成的,其经光学干涉具有颜色效果。
相对于所述组合物的总重量,根据本发明的组合物可包含0重量%至15重量%的珍珠母。
珍珠母可选自珠光颜料,例如涂有氧化铁的钛云母,涂有氯氧化铋的钛云母,涂有氧化铬的钛云母,涂有有机染料的钛云母,以及基于氯氧化铋的珠光颜料。它们也可以是云母颗粒,在其表面上叠置至少两个连续层的金属氧化物和/或有机着色物质。
还可提及的珍珠母的实例包括覆盖有氧化钛、氧化铁、天然颜料或氯氧化铋的天然云母。
在市场上可获得的珍珠母中,可以提及的是由Engelhard公司销售的珍珠母Timica、Flamenco和Duochrome(基于云母),由Merck公司销售的Timiron珍珠母,由Eckart公司销售的基于Prestige云母的珍珠母,以及由Sun Chemical公司销售的基于Sunshin合成云母的珍珠母。
珍珠母可以更特别地具有黄、粉红、红、青铜、橙、棕、金和/或铜颜色或色调。
有利地,根据本发明的珍珠母是用二氧化钛或氧化铁以及氯氧化铋覆盖的云母。
颜料
如前所述,组合物也可含有颜料。
这些颜料可以是矿物颜料,特别是如前所定义的。
这些颜料也可以是有机颜料。
术语“有机颜料”是指任何满足Ullmann's Encyclopedia在有机颜料章节中定义的颜料。有机颜料可特别选自亚硝基,硝基,偶氮,氧杂蒽(xanthene),喹啉,蒽醌,酞菁,金属络合物类,异吲哚啉酮,异吲哚啉,喹吖啶酮,芘酮,苝(perylene),二酮吡咯并吡咯(diketopyrrolopyrrole),硫代靛蓝(thioindigo),二恶嗪,三苯甲烷和喹酞酮化合物。
有机颜料可以选自,例如,胭脂红,炭黑,苯胺黑,黑色素,偶氮黄,喹吖啶酮,酞菁蓝,高粱红,在颜色指数(Color Index)中被汇编在编号CI 42090、69800、69825、73000、74100和74160下的蓝色颜料,在颜色指数中被汇编在编号CI 11680、11710、15985、19140、20040、21100、21108、47000和47005下的黄色颜料,在颜色指数中被汇编在编号CI 61565、61570和74260下的绿色颜料,在颜色指数中被汇编在编号CI 11725、15510、45370和71105下的橙色颜料,在颜色指数中被汇编在编号CI 12085、12120、12370、12420、12490、14700、15525、15580、15620、15630、15800、15850、15865、15880、17200、26100、45380、45410、58000、73360、73915和75470下的红色颜料,以及如专利FR 2 679 771中所述的通过吲哚或酚醛衍生物的氧化聚合而获得的颜料。
这些颜料也可以是如专利EP 1 184 426中所述的复合颜料的形式。这些复合颜料尤其可以由包含矿物核和至少一种粘合剂的颗粒组成,所述颗粒至少部分涂有有机颜料,所述粘合剂用于将有机颜料固定到核上。
颜料也可以是色淀(lake)。术语“色淀”是指吸附在不溶性颗粒上的不溶性染料,由此获得的组件在使用过程中保持不溶。
其上吸附有染料的矿物基质是例如氧化铝、二氧化硅、硼硅酸钙钠或硼硅酸钙铝和铝。
在有机染料中,可以提及的是胭脂红。还可以提及的是已知具有以下名称的产品:D&C Red 21(CI 45 380),D&C Orange 5(CI 45 370),D&C Red 27(CI 45 410),D&COrange 10(CI 45 425),D&C Red 3(CI 45 430),D&C Red 4(CI 15 510),D&C Red 33(CI17 200),D&C Yellow 5(CI 19 140),D&C Yellow 6(CI 15 985),D&C Green(CI 61 570),D&C Yellow 10(CI 77 002),D&C Green 3(CI 42 053),D&C Blue 1(CI 42 090)。
可提及的色淀的一个实例是已知名称为D&C Red 7(CI 15 850:1)的产品。
在优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物还包含至少一种UV屏蔽剂和/或一种添加剂,所述添加剂选自填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
有利地,根据本发明的组合物可包含至少一种UV屏蔽剂。
UV屏蔽剂
该屏蔽剂选自UV-A屏蔽剂和/或UV-B屏蔽剂。
甚至更特别地,所述UV屏蔽剂选自水溶性有机UV屏蔽剂、脂溶性有机屏蔽剂及其混合物,更特别是脂溶性有机UV屏蔽剂。
通过UV屏蔽剂的非限制性说明,可以提及的是邻氨基苯甲酸盐,特别是邻氨基苯甲酸薄荷酯;二苯甲酮,特别是二苯甲酮-1,二苯甲酮-3,二苯甲酮5,二苯甲酮-6,二苯甲酮-8,二苯甲酮-9,二苯甲酮-12,和优选的二苯甲酮-2(氧苯酮),或二苯甲酮-4(可从BASF获得的Uvinul);亚苄基樟脑(benzylidenecamphor),特别是3-亚苄基樟脑,亚苄基樟脑磺酸(benzylidenecamphorsulfonic acid),樟脑苯甲烃铵甲基硫酸盐(camphorbenzalkonium methosulfate),聚丙烯酰胺基甲基亚苄基樟脑(polyacrylamidomethylbenzylidenecamphor),对苯二甲酰二樟脑磺酸(terephthalylidenedicamphorsulfonicacid),和优选的4-甲基亚苄基樟脑(4-methylbenzylidenecamphor)(可从Merck获得的Eusolex);苯并咪唑,特别是苯并咪唑盐(benzimidazilate)(可从Haarmann&Reimer获得的Neo Heliopan),或苯基苯并咪唑磺酸(可从Merck获得的Eusolex);苯并三唑,特别是甲酚曲唑三硅氧烷(drometrizole trisiloxane),或亚甲基双苯并三唑基四甲基丁基苯酚(methylenebisbenzotriazolyltetramethylbutylphenol)(可从Ciba获得的Tinosorb);肉桂酸酯,特别是西诺沙酯(cinoxate),DEA甲氧基肉桂酸酯(methoxycinnamate),二异丙基肉桂酸甲酯,甘油乙基己酸二甲氧基肉桂酸酯(glycerylethylhexanoate dimethoxycinnamate),异丙基甲氧基肉桂酸酯,异戊基肉桂酸酯,优选Etocrylene(可从BASF获得的Uvinul),甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯(可从Hoffman LaRoche获得的Parsol)或奥克立林(Octocrylene)(可从BASF获得的Uvinul);二苯甲酰甲烷,特别是丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷咪唑啉,特别是乙基己基二甲氧基亚苄基二氧代咪唑啉(ethylhexyl dimethoxybenzylidene dioxoimidazoline);PABA,特别乙基二羟丙基PABA,乙基己基二甲基PABA,甘油基PABA,PABA,PEG-25PABA,和优选的二乙基己基丁酰胺三嗪酮(diethylhexylbutamidotriazone)(可从3V Sigma获得的Uvasorb),乙基己基三嗪酮(可从BASF获得的Uvinul),或乙基PABA(苯佐卡因);水杨酸盐,特别是水杨酸二丙二醇酯,水杨酸乙基己酯,胡莫柳酯(homosalate)或水杨酸TEA;三嗪,特别是茴香三嗪(可从Ciba获得的Tinosorb);甲酚曲唑三硅氧烷,氧化锌,二氧化钛,涂层或未涂层的锌、铁、锆或氧化铈。
在一个优选的实施方案中,在包含防晒剂的根据本发明的组合物中刺孢青霉酸的存在导致与不含有刺孢青霉酸的等同组合物相比,SPF令人惊讶地增加。
另外的分散剂
有利地,根据本发明的组合物还可以包含另外的分散剂。
这种分散剂可以是表面活性剂、低聚物、聚合物或其几种的混合物。
当根据本发明的组合物包含另外的表面活性剂时,相对于组合物的总重量,所述表面活性剂的含量优选小于5重量%,优选小于3重量%,优选小于2重量%,优选小于1重量%,优选小于0.5重量%。在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不含任何另外的表面活性剂。
在另一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的组合物不包含任何基于硫酸盐和/或基于磺酸盐的表面活性剂,例如专利申请WO 2015/067785中所述的那些。
根据一个具体实施方案,根据本发明的分散剂是表面活性剂。
活性剂
根据一个具体实施方案,根据本发明的组合物还可包含至少一种另外的活性剂,所述另外的活性剂选自保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂,除臭剂和芳香剂及其混合物。
根据本发明的组合物中另外的活性剂的含量相对于包含它们的组合物的总重量可以为0.001重量%至30重量%,优选0.01重量%至20重量%,更优选0.1重量%至15重量%。
抗皱剂或抗老化剂
作为可用于本发明的代表性抗皱剂或抗衰老剂,可以更具体地提及的是腺苷、视黄醇及其衍生物、抗坏血酸及其衍生物例如抗坏血酸磷酸镁和抗坏血酸葡萄糖苷;生育酚及其衍生物,如生育酚乙酸酯;烟酸及其前体,如烟酰胺;泛醌;谷胱甘肽及其前体,如L-2-氧代噻唑烷-4-羧酸;C-糖苷化合物及其衍生物,尤其如下所述;植物提取物,尤其是海茴香和橄榄叶的提取物,以及植物蛋白及其水解产物,如大米或大豆蛋白水解物;或者乌头叶菜豆(Vigna aconitifolia)种子的提取物,例如由Cognis公司以编号Vitoptine LS9529和Vit-a-Like LS9737销售的那些;藻类提取物,特别是海带提取物;细菌提取物;皂甙元(sapogenin),例如薯蓣皂甙元(diosgenin)和含有它们的薯蓣属(Dioscorea)植物,特别是野生山药的提取物;α-羟基酸;β-羟基酸如水杨酸和5-正辛酰基水杨酸;寡肽和假二肽及其酰基衍生物,特别是{2-[乙酰基-(3-三氟甲基苯基)氨基]-3-甲基丁酰基氨基}乙酸和由Sederma公司以商品名Matrixyl500和Matrixyl 3000销售的脂肽;番茄红素(lycopene);锰盐和镁盐,特别是葡萄糖酸盐(gluconate);及其混合物。
润湿剂或保湿剂
可特别提及的润湿剂或保湿剂包括芦荟提取物、尿素及其衍生物,特别是由National Starch销售的单糖如甘露糖,透明质酸,AHA,BHA,丙烯酸均聚物,如来自NOF Corporation的β-葡聚糖特别是Mibelle-AG-Biochemistry的羧甲基β-葡聚糖钠;聚氧丁烯聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯甘油,例如NOFCorporation的Wilbride雀巢公司销售的麝香玫瑰油;由Engelhard Lyon公司以名称Sphères de Comblement Marines销售的胶原蛋白和海洋硫酸软骨素球(Atelocollagen);透明质酸球,例如由Engelhard Lyon公司销售的那些。
另外的脱皮剂
可提及的脱皮剂包括β-羟基酸,特别是水杨酸及其除了5-正辛酰基水杨酸之外的衍生物;尿素;乙醇酸,柠檬酸,乳酸,酒石酸,苹果酸或扁桃酸;4-(2-羟乙基)哌嗪-1-丙磺酸(HEPES);蝴蝶槐(Saphora japonica)的提取物;蜂蜜;N-乙酰氨基葡糖;甲基甘氨酸二乙酸钠,α-羟基酸(AHA)和β-羟基酸(BHA),及其混合物。
抗氧化剂
可更具体地提及的抗氧化剂包括生育酚及其酯,特别是生育酚乙酸酯;EDTA,抗坏血酸及其衍生物,特别是抗坏血酸磷酸镁和抗坏血酸葡萄糖苷;螯合剂,如BHT,BHA和N,N'-双(3,4,5-三甲氧基苄基)乙二胺及其盐,及其混合物。
皮肤舒缓剂或皮肤松弛剂
最特别提到的皮肤舒缓剂或皮肤松弛剂包括葡萄糖酸锰、野山药、海茴香、甘氨酸和阿尔维林(alverine)。
用于刺激皮肤和/或表皮大分子的合成和/或用于防止其降解的活性剂
作为用于刺激皮肤和/或表皮大分子的合成和/或用于防止其降解的活性剂,可以提及的是:从植物提取的肽,例如由BASF Beauty Care Solutions公司以商品名销售的大豆水解产物,由BASF BCS公司以商品名销售的麦芽提取物;水稻肽如Silab的或者水稻肽提取物如Pentapharm DSM,甲基硅烷醇甘露糖醛酸盐如由Exsymol销售的欧洲越桔(Vacciniummyrtillus)的提取物,例如专利申请FR-A-2 814 950中描述的产品;由Silab公司以商品名销售的羽扇豆提取物,及其混合物,和马鞭草酸盐。
脱色剂
作为脱色剂,可以提及的是神经酰胺,维生素C及其衍生物,特别是维生素CG、CP和3-O乙基维生素C,α和β熊果苷,阿魏酸,曲酸(kojic acid),间苯二酚及其衍生物,D-泛酸磺酸钙,硫辛酸,鞣花酸,维生素B3,苯乙基间苯二酚如Symrise公司的Symwhite由Gattefossé销售的猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)汁,和牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa)根的提取物,例如由Ichimaru Pharcos公司以名称Botanpi Liquid销售的产品,红糖(甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum))提取物,例如由Taiyo Kagaku公司以名称Molasses Liquid销售的糖蜜提取物,以及十一烯酸和十一碳烯酰基苯丙氨酸的混合物,例如SEPPIC的Sepiwhite
除臭剂
作为根据本发明的除臭剂,可以提及的是作用于腋臭微生物的精油、抑菌剂或杀菌剂,如2,4,4'-三氯-2'-羟基二苯醚2,4-二氯-2'-羟基二苯醚,3',4',5'-三氯水杨酰苯胺,1-(3',4'-二氯苯基)-3-(4'-氯苯基)脲或3,7,11-三甲基十二烷基-2,5,10-三烯醇
根据本发明的除臭剂也可选自季铵盐如十六烷基三甲基铵盐,十六烷基吡啶盐,DPTA(1,3-二氨基丙烷四乙酸),1,2-癸二醇(Symrise公司的Symclariol),甘油衍生物,例如辛酸/癸酸甘油酯(Abitec的Capmul MCM),辛酸或癸酸甘油酯(Dermosoft GMCY和Dermosoft GMC,分别来自Straetmans),聚甘油-2癸酸酯(Straetmans的Dermosoft DGMC),和双胍衍生物,例如聚六亚甲基双胍盐,氯己定及其盐,和4-苯基-4,4-二甲基-2-丁醇(Symrise的Symdeo MPP)。
作为除臭剂,还可以提及的是锌盐,例如水杨酸锌,葡萄糖酸锌,吡酮酸锌(zincpidolate);硫酸锌,氯化锌,乳酸锌,苯酚磺酸锌,或水杨酸及其衍生物如5-正辛酰水杨酸。
此外,根据本发明的除臭剂可选自气味吸收剂,如蓖麻油酸锌,碳酸氢钠;金属或非金属沸石,和环糊精。
它们也可以是螯合剂,例如AkzoNobel的Dissolvine GL-47-S,EDTA;DPTA。
它也可以是酶抑制剂,例如柠檬酸三乙酯。
在不相容或为了使其稳定的情况下,可以将上述一些试剂掺入到小球,特别是离子或非离子囊,和/或颗粒(胶囊和/或球体)中。
不言而喻,可存在于根据本发明的组合物中的除臭剂必须不损害先前所述的组合物的有利性质。
根据本发明的组合物可以是面部和/或身体护理或化妆产品的形式,并且可以调节成,例如,罐中的乳膏的形式或小管中或泵动瓶中的液体的形式。
对于本领域技术人员而言,调节根据本发明的组合物中存在的添加剂的性质和量,使得其所需的美容性质不会因此受到影响,是常规操作。
根据另一个实施方案,本发明的组合物可以优选地为化妆基础组合物的形式。
根据另一个实施方案,本发明的组合物可以优选地为粉底形式。
这些组合物尤其是根据本领域技术人员的一般知识制备的。
在整个说明书(包括权利要求)中,除非另有说明,否则表述“包括”应当被理解为与“包括至少一个”同义。
除非另有说明,否则表述“在...和...之间”和“范围从...至...”应理解为包括界限值。
通过下面给出的实施例更详细地说明本发明。除非另有说明,否则所示的量表示为重量百分比。
实施例
在下表中,以活性物质的重量相对于组合物的总重量的百分比给出了每种化合物的量。
实施例1:
组合物的制备
根据以下方案在Rayneri混合器中制备组合物:
-在制备烧杯中称量水,
-在机械搅拌下加入刺孢青霉酸;由于它是水不溶性的,它保持粉末形式,
-在机械搅拌下加入碱,尤其是精氨酸,粉末混合物逐渐溶解,搅拌5分钟后溶液变成完全半透明,
-在连续搅拌下加入油和UV屏蔽剂,继续搅拌,根据介质的粘度在700-1000rpm下保持搅拌10分钟,
-加入防腐剂,加入水达到目标浓度。
膜的制备
用膜涂布器制备膜,膜涂布器是机械臂的形式,它以受控的速度扫过平面。
通过具有精确切口厚度的测试件来控制膜的厚度。然后将膜露天放置以便干燥并观察干燥时的表现。干燥时的表现反映了表面活性剂在干燥时结构化脂肪相的方式以及所得膜对环境水分的耐受性。
系列1——包含刺孢青霉酸的单精氨酸盐的乳液
表1
结果
根据本发明的实施例
实施例1含有5重量%的刺孢青霉酸单精氨酸盐,在干燥后,形成稳定均匀的膜。在露天和室温下储存两周后,膜保持稳定。具体地,没有观察到乳液的聚结,也没有观察到任何相分离。所获得的膜是干燥的并且在其可以被拿起(handle)的意义上是“刚性的(rigid)”。
实施例2包含1重量%的刺孢青霉酸的单精氨酸盐,在干燥后,形成稳定均匀的膜。在露天和室温下储存两周后,膜是稳定的。具体地,没有观察到乳液的聚结,也没有观察到任何相分离。
对比实施例
实施例A包含5重量%的刺孢青霉酸的单精氨酸盐和5重量%的甘油,在干燥后,形成含有孔的非均匀膜。膜稳定性差。膜迅速变得油腻且发粘并且不能被拿起。
一小时后,观察到乳液的明显相分离。
用5重量%丙二醇代替5重量%甘油时观察到相同的结果。
实施例B的乳液不含刺孢青霉酸,含1重量%的黄原胶,其不稳定;制备后迅速观察到相分离。而且,该乳液不能产生稳定均匀的膜。该实施例表明单独的黄原胶不能获得具有成膜性能的组合物。
实施例C的乳液含有5重量%的刺孢青霉酸单钾盐,在制备后稳定,但是在10小时后,乳液出现晶体。干燥后得到的膜迅速显示出相分离。
系列2——包含刺孢青霉酸的精氨酸盐的乳液——脂肪相的变化
表2
结果
使用极性不同的油制备乳液:从极性最低(角鲨烷)到极性最高(橄榄油)。在所有情况下,均获得了稳定的乳液,得到高质量的膜。
系列3——包含刺孢青霉酸的精氨酸盐的乳液——脂肪相的量的变化
表3
结果
所得到的所有O/W乳液,即使脂肪相含量高,也是稳定的,可得到质量好的膜;这些膜均匀、具有良好的持久性,并具有干燥、不油腻的感觉。
系列4——包含成膜聚合物或合成表面活性剂的乳液
表4
结果
在对比例D的组合物中,使用SLG(合成的表面活性剂)和黄原胶来稳定所形成的乳液并能够制备膜。如此获得的膜很好地涂布,但在干燥后不稳定,因为观察到了聚结。
在比较例E和F的每种组合物中,使用了成膜聚合物;这些聚合物不能制备稳定的乳液,所得膜是不均匀的。所测试的聚合物不能使脂肪膜稳定。
系列4——用根据本发明的刺孢青霉酸乳液形成的膜的表征
在干燥包含刺孢青霉酸的本发明乳液后形成膜,用表面分析仪,通过用一滴水测量接触角对膜进行表征。
用MSA表面分析仪(Krüss)进行角度测量。将制剂施加到SkinFX载体(基于硅氧烷的载体,直径80mm,用聚氨酯膜覆盖)上并使其干燥20分钟。然后将一滴水放在膜表面上并用相机观察。
测量接触角并报告在表格中。
通过改变刺孢青霉酸浓度、油的极性、油混合物的性质和油含量来评估各种乳液。测试的乳液列于下表中。
所得结果表明,无论油相的性质、其浓度或刺孢青霉酸浓度如何,所形成的膜与水滴的接触角都不会发生显著变化(在单独的SkinFX皮肤,即未用本发明的膜覆盖的皮肤上测量的角度,为123.26CA(M)[°]±2.42。用乳液G至K中的每一种形成的膜均具有亲水性。这种亲水膜的形成对于在各种美容应用中实施具有极大的意义,例如抗污染、保湿、化妆或护发。
实施例2:包含精油的组合物
组合物的制备
如以上实施例1中所述制备以下组合物。
膜的制备和实验评估方法
实验评估方法是薄膜蒸发试验。
方案如下:使用机械臂形式的膜涂布器将乳液施加到疏水性过滤器,所述机械臂以受控的速度扫过平坦的表面,形成厚度控制在50微米的薄膜。然后使膜在受控的空气流(Sorbonne)下蒸发。在不同时间取样以通过使用溶剂的提取方法和通过UV-可见光谱检测来测定膜上残留的精油量。鉴于绿牛至精油组成的复杂性,仅测定了主要成分香芹酚(约50%)。
当用刺孢青霉酸制备所形成的膜时,干燥3小时后,剩余的绿牛至精油的量大两倍。
结果表明,与椰油酰葡萄糖苷(非离子表面活性剂)或丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸C10-30烷基酯交联聚合物Pemulen TR1相比,干燥3小时后,刺孢青霉酸使绿牛至精油的剩余量增加了2倍。
Claims (20)
1.一种水包油乳液形式的组合物,特别是美容组合物,其包含至少1%的油相并包含水相,其特征在于,其包含:
相对于组合物的总重量,0.1重量%至15重量%,优选0.5重量%至10重量%,更优选1重量%至8重量%的刺孢青霉酸,
至少一种碱,所述碱选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺,其量能够形成至少刺孢青霉酸的单盐,
相对于组合物的总重量,少于3重量%,优选少于1重量%的二醇和/或多元醇,优选地,不含二醇和/或多元醇,
至少一种UV屏蔽剂和/或一种添加剂,所述添加剂选自有气味的挥发性物质如精油和香味物质、填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
2.前一权利要求所述的组合物,其中碱是选自精氨酸、赖氨酸、鸟氨酸、瓜氨酸和组氨酸的氨基酸,优选精氨酸。
3.前一权利要求所述的组合物,其中碱是选自单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙醇胺和2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇的链烷醇胺,优选三乙醇胺。
4.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物,其中相对于组合物的总重量,碱的量的范围为从0.1重量%至20重量%,优选从0.5重量%至15重量%,更优选从0.6重量%至10重量%。
5.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物,其中选择碱的量以形成刺孢青霉酸的单盐。
6.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物,其中相对于组合物的总重量,脂肪相的量为至少5重量%,优选范围为从1重量%至70重量%,优选从5重量%至70重量%,更优选从5重量%至60重量%。
7.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物,其特征在于其包含至少一种亲水性胶凝剂作为增稠剂。
8.前一权利要求所述的组合物,其中亲水性胶凝剂是黄原胶。
9.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物,其特征在于其包含0.0001%至30%的至少一种有气味的挥发性物质,所述有气味的挥发性物质选自精油和香味物质。
10.前一权利要求所述的组合物,其中所述UV屏蔽剂是亲脂性的。
11.前述权利要求之一所述的组合物作为用于角蛋白物质尤其是皮肤或头发的清洁、化妆、护理和/或卫生的产品的用途。
12.权利要求1至10之一所述的组合物用于保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物的影响的用途,所述大气污染化合物尤其选自炭黑、碳氧化物、氮氧化物、硫氧化物、基于烃的化合物、挥发性有机化合物、重金属、PM2.5和PM10细颗粒及其混合物。
13.前一权利要求所述的用途,其用于保护角蛋白物质免受由大气污染化合物引起的病症的影响,所述病症选自皮肤油腻、皮肤脱水、脱屑病变、角鲨烯减少、维生素E减少、色素沉着和乳酸增加。
14.非治疗性美容、化妆、护理、卫生和/或清洁方法,其包括将将权利要求1至10之一所述的组合物施用于所述角蛋白物质的步骤。
15.用于保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物影响的非治疗性美容方法,所述大气污染化合物特别选自炭黑、碳氧化物、氮氧化物、硫氧化物、基于烃的化合物、挥发性有机化合物、重金属、PM2.5和PM10细颗粒及其混合物,所述方法包括将权利要求1至10之一所述的组合物施用于所述角蛋白物质的步骤。
16.前一权利要求所述的方法,其用于保护角蛋白物质免受由大气污染化合物引起的病症的影响,所述病症选自皮肤油腻、皮肤脱水、脱屑病变、角鲨烯减少、维生素E减少、色素沉着和乳酸增加。
17.刺孢青霉酸在组合物、特别是美容组合物中,以用选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱部分或完全中和的形式作为用于在角蛋白物质的表面上、特别是在皮肤或头发上形成膜的成膜剂的用途。
18.权利要求17所述的用途,其中所形成的膜保护角蛋白物质免受大气污染化合物的影响。
19.权利要求17所述的用途,其中所形成的膜促进组合物中包含的至少一种活性剂均匀分布在角蛋白物质上,所述活性剂优选为UV屏蔽剂和/或添加剂,所述UV屏蔽剂优选是亲脂性的,所述添加剂选自填料、着色物质如颜料、具有金属光泽的珍珠母或颗粒、保湿剂、抗皱剂或抗老化剂、脱皮剂、抗氧化剂、用于刺激真皮和/或表皮大分子合成的活性剂、皮肤舒缓剂、脱色剂和除臭剂及其混合物。
20.用选自氨基酸和链烷醇胺的碱部分或完全中和的形式的刺孢青霉酸用于防止和/或限制和/或避免美容组合物中含有的有气味的挥发性物质蒸发的用途。
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