CN115304363B - Heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating material consists of powder and liquid with the proportion of 1:1-2.5, and the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of kaolin, 3-10 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-55 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-10 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3-10 parts of titanium oxide, 2-6 parts of glass powder, 2-6 parts of boron oxide, 0.2-1 part of sodium chloride and 5-15 parts of carbon powder; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of sodium silicate with the Baume degree of 21.9-41.2, 5-10 parts of 10-30% polyvinyl alcohol solution and 10-20 parts of 50-70% aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution. The preparation method comprises the step of uniformly mixing the liquid material and the powder material according to the proportion to obtain the target coating material. The cement and the glass powder are introduced into the raw materials of the coating material, so that the high temperature resistance of the coating and the oxidation resistance of the steel matrix are greatly improved while the cost is reduced, and the coating material can play a good role in protecting without being too thick during spraying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coating materials, and particularly relates to a heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heat-resistant steel is a steel material that works at high temperature, and the type of steel material used varies depending on the temperature used and the stress to which it is subjected, and depending on the environment. As mentioned above, high temperature is a relative concept, for example, the earliest materials used in boilers and furnaces were low carbon steel, and the temperatures were typically around 200℃and pressures were only 8 atmospheres, i.e., developed boiler steels such as 20G, and temperatures were not above 450℃and operating pressures were not above 60 atmospheres. With the continuous increase of the use temperature of various power devices, the rapid increase of the working pressure, the use temperature of modern heat-resistant steel is up to 700 ℃, and the use environment becomes more complex and severe. It can be seen that the heat-resistant steel has a service temperature ranging from 200 to 800 ℃, a working pressure ranging from tens of atmospheres to hundreds of atmospheres, and a working environment ranging from a pure oxidizing gas to a vulcanizing atmosphere, a mixed gas, a dissolved salt and other more complex environments.
The heat-resistant steel is not only used as a special material for aviation, sophisticated technology and military technical departments, but also used for various departments of national economy.
When the steel is heated, the product (CO) of iron and oxygen or iron and fuel combustion 2 、H 2 O-vapor, etc.) to form an oxide layer, known as scale. The surface of the heated blank is distributed into three layers; the innermost layer is composed of FeO with fine particles and accounts for 40% of the total thickness of the oxide layer; the middle layer is made of coarse particles of Fe 3 O 4 The composition accounts for about 50% of the thickness; the outermost layer is made of Fe 2 O 3 The composition is about 10%. The expansion coefficients of the iron scale and the steel are inconsistent, so the iron scale is loose and easy to fall off, and meanwhile, the melting point (1300-1350 ℃) of the iron scale is low, so that when the steel is heated at high temperature, the falling or melting of the iron scale exposes the surface of metal, and the oxidation is continuously accelerated.
The production of scale, in addition to causing a substantial loss of steel, causes a number of adverse consequences, mainly: the scale roughens the surface of the heat resistant steel. (2) The oxide scale removal requires additional auxiliary procedures and equipment; (3) The oxide skin has higher hardness, so that the consumption of deformation energy is increased during forging, the abrasion of a forging die can be accelerated, and the service life is shortened; (4) The oxide scale has chemical corrosion on refractory bricks, so that the furnace bottom of the heating furnace is damaged prematurely.
Most of coating materials used for high-temperature oxidation resistance of heat-resistant steel in the market come from foreign formulas, and high patent cost is required to be paid to a technical owner when the coating materials are used in China due to technical blockade and patent protection; however, the domestic coating is not perfect in this aspect, the developed product can only be used in laboratory environment, and cannot be applied in actual production on a large scale, or the raw materials used in the coating formula are expensive, so that the cost is high. The price of the coating used above 1200 ℃ is more daunting.
It is therefore extremely important to develop an efficient and low cost oxidation resistant protective coating material for heat resistant steels.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the invention is to provide a heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material, and the second object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material.
The first object of the invention is realized in that the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material consists of powder and liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the liquid is as follows: 1:1-2.5, wherein the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of kaolin, 3-10 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-55 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-10 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3-10 parts of titanium oxide, 2-6 parts of glass powder, 2-6 parts of boron oxide, 0.2-1 part of sodium chloride and 5-15 parts of carbon powder;
the second object of the invention is realized by the preparation method of the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material, which comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the liquid material proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating and stirring the sodium water glass on a mechanical stirrer for 10-30min, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 20-50 min in sequence, keeping the temperature unchanged, and continuously stirring the mixture for 30-60min to obtain a liquid material;
2) Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder according to the powder proportion, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, grinding in a ball mill to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain powder;
3) And uniformly mixing the liquid material and the powder material according to the proportion to obtain the target coating material.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the composite solution of sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution is used as an adhesive, and can uniformly adhere powder on the surface of heat-resistant steel, CO 2 As a coagulant for sodium water glass, sodium water glass and CO in air when the solution is sprayed on heat-resistant steel at normal temperature 2 A reaction occurs, and a film fixing coating is firstly generated on the surface of the coating to prevent the coating from accumulating in a certain part due to excessive fluidity. Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is often used as a binding agent of refractory materials, and after the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is added, the high-temperature resistance of the coating can be obviously improved.
The cement is calcium aluminate cement, the refractoriness is up to 1650 ℃, the cement is suitable for being used as a refractory material in a high-temperature environment, the melting point of boron oxide is about 450 ℃, a sealing layer can be formed after the boron oxide is melted, and the oxidation atmosphere can be prevented from entering the coating to perform oxidation reaction with heat-resistant steel at a low temperature. The glass powder can be softened into liquid state to wrap heat-resistant steel at about 1000 ℃, so that the antioxidation effect of the heat-resistant steel is further improved. Calcium carbonate reacts at high temperature to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, wherein the calcium oxide serves as a framework in the coating and is used for supporting the coating to enable the coating to have connection strength, and the carbon dioxide can enter air and does not affect the coating.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the raw materials used in the coating material formula are common substances in the market, the purchasing way is wide, the cost is low, and the high-efficiency, green and pollution-free effects are achieved.
2. The invention has the advantages that cement and glass powder are introduced into the raw materials of the coating material, the high temperature resistance of the coating and the oxidation resistance of the steel matrix are greatly improved while the cost is reduced, the coating and the heat-resistant steel have good binding force when being sprayed on the heat-resistant steel pipe, the coating can still be tightly adhered to the surface of the heat-resistant steel after being subjected to heat treatment at 1100-1300 ℃ for 2-5 hours, the steel matrix is adhered to the upper pull head of the fatigue testing machine by high-strength adhesive, the coating is adhered to the lower pull head of the fatigue testing machine, and the sample can bear 300N tensile stress on the fatigue testing machine. Therefore, the coating has a good protection effect on the steel matrix and is worthy of popularization and application.
3. When the coating material powder and the liquid are split-packed, the powder and the liquid are mixed according to the proportion and then added with a certain amount of water to adjust the viscosity, the operation is simple, the mixing is uniform, the amount of paint is needed, the amount of paint is prepared, and the waste caused by the unused paint is avoided. Most of coating materials on the market are sold by mixing solution and powder, and the coating materials have a disadvantage that powder in the coating materials is easy to deposit at the bottom in the storage process, so that the concentration of slurry is uneven, and when the coating materials are sprayed on heat-resistant steel, the protective effect of the coating materials is reduced due to different concentrations of each spraying.
4. The coating material of the invention does not need to be too thick when being sprayed, and can play a good role in protection. The Chinese patent application (CN 201811584896.7) is a metal material high-temperature coating protective agent and application thereof, and adopts quartz powder, aluminum oxide, sodium metasilicate, sodium tetraborate, a graphite electrode and water as raw materials to prepare a metal high-temperature protective coating which is used as a coating paint for heating metal at 1160 ℃. Coating a coating protective agent on the surface of metal, heating to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 80 ℃/h, and heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 180 ℃/h; then heating to 1000 ℃ at a rapid rate, and preserving heat for 2 hours, so that a layer of compact glassy protective film can be formed on the surface of the steel; finally, the subsequent processing is carried out at the high temperature of 900-1160 ℃. The thickness of the coating in the application is 1mm, and the spraying thickness of the coating is 0.5-0.7mm, so that the spraying thickness and the time cost are greatly reduced. In addition, when the steel is sprayed in the application, the steel is required to be heated to 70 ℃, and the coating is dried by the residual temperature of the steel, but the coating can be dried on the surface of the steel substrate only by spraying the coating on the surface of the steel substrate for about 10 minutes without heating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the surface topography of a ferritic steel sample of example 1 after heat treatment to 1200 ℃;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the surface topography of a coated steel sample of example 1 after spraying the coating prepared in example 1 and further heat treatment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the surface topography of a spray coated sample after heat treatment in example 1 after removal of a portion of the coating on the surface;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the surface topography of the austenitic steel pipe of example 2 after heat treatment after spray coating;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the surface topography of an example 2 austenitic steel pipe after heat treatment of an uncoated coating;
FIG. 6 is a SEM energy spectrum of an austenitic steel pipe of example 2 after being heat treated after being spray coated;
fig. 7 is an SEM energy spectrum of an unsprayed coating of the austenitic steel pipe of example 2 after heat treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but is not limited in any way to any changes or modifications made based on the teachings of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material, which consists of powder and liquid, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the liquid is as follows: 1:1-2.5, wherein the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of kaolin, 3-10 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-55 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-10 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3-10 parts of titanium oxide, 2-6 parts of glass powder, 2-6 parts of boron oxide, 0.2-1 part of sodium chloride and 5-15 parts of carbon powder;
the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of sodium silicate with the Baume degree of 21.9-41.2, 5-10 parts of 10-30% polyvinyl alcohol solution and 10-20 parts of 50-70% aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution.
The grain size of the aluminum oxide is 10-20The particle size of the silicon dioxide is 2-15->。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material, which is realized according to the following steps:
1) Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the liquid material proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating and stirring for 10-30min on a mechanical stirrer, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 20-50 min in sequence, and continuing stirring for 30-60min to obtain a liquid material;
2) Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder according to the powder proportion, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, grinding in a ball mill to obtain slurry, and drying to obtain powder;
3) And uniformly mixing the liquid material and the powder material according to the proportion to obtain the target coating material.
In the step 1, the heating temperature of the sodium silicate is 30-80 ℃, and the stirring speed is 200-850r/min.
In the step 2, the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-1000r/min, and the ball milling time is 50-600min; the drying temperature of the slurry is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 24-36h.
In the step 3, the mixing method comprises the following steps: gradually adding powder into the liquid material, and stirring with an electric stirring rod at a stirring speed of 500-1000r/min for 10-30min.
In the process of stirring the powder material and the liquid material, a proper amount of water can be added for viscosity adjustment, so that the obtained coating material is in a uniform viscous flowing state.
Example 1
An oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel comprises powder and liquid; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of sodium water glass with the Baume degree of 21.9, 5 parts of 10% concentration polyvinyl alcohol and 10 parts of 50% concentration aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution; the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 part of Guanyin soil, 3 parts of cement, 12 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of grain size50 parts of silica having a particle size of 10>15 parts of aluminum oxide, 8 parts of silicon carbide, 12 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconium dioxide, 8 parts of titanium oxide, 3 parts of glass powder, 3 parts of boron oxide, 0.5 part of sodium chloride, 9 parts of carbon powder and 40 parts of water.
Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating the sodium water glass to 30 ℃ on a mechanical stirrer, stirring for 10min, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 20min in sequence, keeping the temperature unchanged, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain a liquid material, wherein the speed of the stirrer is 200r/min.
Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder, putting into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, grinding in a ball mill at the rotating speed of 300r/min and the ball milling time of 50min to obtain slurry, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain powder.
Placing a beaker containing 1.5 parts of liquid material on a magnetic stirrer, starting the stirrer and adjusting the rotating speed to 500r/min, then gradually adding 1 part of powder material, continuously stirring, and fully and uniformly mixing the powder material in the solution to obtain the required coating.
Example 2
An oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel comprises powder and liquid; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 130 parts of sodium water glass with the Baume degree of 30.9, 8 parts of 20% concentration polyvinyl alcohol and 15 parts of 60% concentration aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution; the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of cement, 6 parts of calcium carbonate, 55 parts of silicon dioxide with the particle size of 2 mu m, 10 parts of aluminum oxide with the particle size of 15 mu m, 5 parts of silicon carbide, 7 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of zirconium dioxide, 4 parts of titanium oxide, 5 parts of glass powder, 4 parts of boron oxide, 0.2 part of sodium chloride, 10 parts of carbon powder and 50 parts of water.
Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating the beaker to 60 ℃ on a mechanical stirrer, stirring for 20min, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 35 min in sequence, and continuously stirring for 45min to obtain a liquid material, wherein the speed of the stirrer is 500r/min.
Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, grinding the mixture in a ball mill to obtain slurry under the condition that the rotating speed is 650r/min and the ball milling time is 400min, and drying the slurry in an oven at 75 ℃ for 30 hours to obtain powder;
placing a beaker containing 2 parts of liquid material on a magnetic stirrer, starting the stirrer and adjusting the rotating speed to 750r/min, then gradually adding 1 part of powder material, continuously stirring, and fully and uniformly mixing the powder material in the solution to obtain the required coating.
Example 3
An oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel comprises powder and liquid; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of sodium water glass with the Baume degree of 41.2, 10 parts of 30% concentration polyvinyl alcohol and 20 parts of 70% concentration aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution; the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:5 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of cement, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 55 parts of silicon dioxide with the particle size of 15 mu m and 20 parts of particle size20 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 parts of silicon carbide, 15 parts of magnesium oxide, 10 parts of zirconium dioxide, 10 parts of titanium oxide, 6 parts of glass powder, 6 parts of boron oxide, 1 part of sodium chloride, 15 parts of carbon powder and 400 parts of water.
Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating the beaker to 80 ℃ on a mechanical stirrer, stirring for 30min, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 50min in sequence, and continuously stirring for 60min to obtain a liquid material, wherein the speed of the stirrer is 850r/min.
Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, grinding the mixture in a ball mill to obtain slurry under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000r/min and the ball milling time is 600min, and drying the slurry in an oven at 80 ℃ for 36 hours to obtain powder;
placing a beaker containing 2.5 parts of liquid material on a magnetic stirrer, starting the stirrer and adjusting the rotating speed to 1000r/min, then gradually adding 1 part of powder material, continuously stirring, and fully and uniformly mixing the powder material in the solution to obtain the required coating.
Test example 1
Derusting the surface of ferritic steel with the size of 20-10 mm, removing greasy dirt and dust on the surface of the ferritic steel by using absolute ethyl alcohol, purging by using an air gun, and further cleaning and airing the surface of the steel. The coating material prepared in example 1 was sprayed on the surface of ferritic steel with a spray can having a spray thickness of 0.5mm. Naturally drying in air, adding into a heating furnace, heating from room temperature to 1160 deg.C, holding for 4 hr, taking out ferrite steel, and cooling to room temperature.
The same ferritic steel without sprayed coating material was treated in the same way.
Analysis of results: as can be seen from fig. 1, the surface of the ferritic steel is covered with a large amount of scale, which is lost for the ferritic steel. The thickness of the single-sided oxide scale is 0.82mm. Oxidation loss rate:
as can be seen from fig. 2, the coating forms a dense film that adheres tightly to the surface of the ferritic steel. Blocking the contact of the oxidizing atmosphere with the surface of the steel substrate.
FIG. 3 is a surface topography of the surface of FIG. 2 after removal of a portion of the coating, and as can be seen in FIG. 3, the surface of the steel substrate is seen with only a small portion of the scale.
The thickness of the oxide scale on one side was measured to be 0.1mm. Oxidation loss rate:
comparison of sprayed and uncoated ferritic steel heat treatments in example 1, the oxidation loss in the ferritic steel heat treatment after spraying the coating was only 2%, whereas the oxidation loss after heat treatment of the uncoated ferritic steel was as high as 16.4%.
The ferritic steel surface of the spray coated coupon showed little oxide layer compared to the spray coated coupon. Comparing fig. 1 and fig. 3, it is illustrated that the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant coating material prepared in example 1 achieves a good protection effect when subjected to high-temperature heat treatment.
Test example 2
Removing rust on the surface of the martensitic heat-resistant steel with the size of 20 mm to 10mm, removing greasy dirt and dust on the surface of the martensitic heat-resistant steel by using absolute ethyl alcohol, purging by using an air gun, and further cleaning and airing the surface of the steel. Spraying the coating prepared in the example 2 on the surface of martensitic heat-resistant steel by using a spray can, wherein the spraying thickness is 0.6mm, naturally drying in air, adding the coating into a heating furnace, heating for 8 hours to 1300 ℃, preserving heat for 5 hours from room temperature, taking out the martensitic heat-resistant steel, and cooling to the room temperature.
The same austenitic steel, which was not sprayed, was treated in the same manner.
Analysis of results: the oxide layer thickness of the uncoated austenitic steel was measured to be 6.162mm. Oxidation loss rate:
the oxide scale thickness of the austenitic steel sprayed with the coating is 0.75 mm, and the oxidation loss rate is measured:
after the heat treatment of the samples of the sprayed coating, the oxidation loss rate was only 7.5% by comparison of the two data. Compared with the sample with the sprayed coating, the martensitic heat-resistant steel surface of the sample with the sprayed coating has little oxide layer. The heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant coating of the embodiment achieves good protection effect when the martensitic steel is subjected to high-temperature heat treatment.
Test example 3
In this test example, an austenitic steel pipe having an outer diameter d=32 mm, an inner diameter d=27 mm, and a wall thickness of 5mm was used as a test object. Firstly, the surface of the austenitic steel is subjected to sand blasting treatment, and then the surface of the austenitic steel pipe is cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol. The coating material of example 2 was then applied to the steel bar with a brush at a rotational speed of 150r/min and a spray thickness of 0.7mm to ensure uniform slurry application and uniform coating thickness after air drying. The austenitic steel pipe is added into a heating furnace, the austenitic steel pipe is heated to 700 ℃ from room temperature for 6 hours under the aerobic environment, then heated to 1200 ℃ for 6 hours, then cooled to room temperature along with the furnace, and the steps are repeatedly heated for 5 times.
The same austenitic steel pipe without sprayed coating material was treated in the same manner.
Analysis of results: after the above treatment, the non-sprayed part of the austenitic steel pipe is directly contacted with air to form oxide scale, so that the austenitic steel pipe is lost, as shown in fig. 5. Spraying part of the austenitic steel pipe to form a ceramic coating, wherein no oxide layer appears on the surface of the ceramic coating, the coating is tightly adhered to the surface of the coating, and compared with the steel after the heat treatment of the non-sprayed coating in FIG. 5, the sprayed sample surface is reduced by a lot of oxide scales, as shown in FIG. 4; the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant coating of the embodiment achieves good protection effect when a high-temperature process is carried out.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the energy spectrum under SEM of the coating and steel substrate of fig. 4 in cross section.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the energy spectrum under SEM of the scale and steel matrix of fig. 5 in cross section.
As can be seen from comparing fig. 6 and 7, the austenitic steel has greatly reduced the generation of oxide scale (black part in fig. 7) during heat treatment under the protection of the coating.
The oxide layer thickness of the uncoated austenitic steel was measured to be 2.392mm. Oxidation loss rate:
the oxide scale thickness of the austenitic steel sprayed with the coating was measured to be 0.275mm, and the oxidation loss rate:
the oxidation loss rate of the sprayed coating samples after heat treatment was only 3.5% compared to the non-sprayed coating, indicating that the coating prepared in example 3 largely protects austenitic steel.
Claims (6)
1. The heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material is characterized by comprising powder and liquid according to a weight ratio of 1:1-2.5; wherein the powder consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of kaolin, 3-10 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-55 parts of silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-10 parts of silicon carbide, 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide, 3-10 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3-10 parts of titanium oxide, 2-6 parts of glass powder, 2-6 parts of boron oxide, 0.2-1 part of sodium chloride and 5-15 parts of carbon powder, wherein the cement is calcium aluminate cement; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of sodium water glass with the Baume degree of 21.9-41.2, 5-10 parts of 10-30% polyvinyl alcohol solution and 10-20 parts of 50-70% aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing sodium water glass, polyvinyl alcohol solution and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the liquid material proportion, placing the sodium water glass in a beaker, heating and stirring the sodium water glass on a mechanical stirrer for 10-30min, then adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution into the sodium water glass at intervals of 20-50 min in sequence, keeping the temperature unchanged, and continuously stirring the mixture for 30-60min to obtain a liquid material;
2) Mixing kaolin, cement, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, glass powder, boron oxide, sodium chloride and carbon powder according to the powder proportion, putting the mixture into a ball milling tank, adding absolute ethyl alcohol as a grinding aid, ball milling the mixture in a ball mill at the rotating speed of 300-1000r/min for 50-600min to obtain slurry, and drying the slurry to obtain powder;
3) And uniformly mixing the liquid material and the powder material according to the proportion to obtain the heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material.
2. The heat resistant steel oxidation resistant protective coating material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum oxide has a particle size of 10-20 μm and the silica has a particle size of 2-15 μm.
3. The oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the sodium water glass in the step 1) is 30-80 ℃ and the stirring speed is 200-850r/min.
4. The oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the slurry in step 2) is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 24-36h.
5. The heat-resistant steel oxidation-resistant protective coating material according to claim 1, wherein the uniformly mixing method in step 3) is as follows: gradually adding powder into the liquid material, and stirring by adopting an electric stirring rod at the stirring speed of 500-1000r/min.
6. The oxidation-resistant protective coating material for heat-resistant steel according to claim 5, wherein a proper amount of water is added during the stirring of the powder material and the liquid material to adjust the viscosity so that the obtained coating material is in a uniform viscous flow state.
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