CN115248373B - Relay adhesion detection method and device - Google Patents
Relay adhesion detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115248373B CN115248373B CN202110462206.6A CN202110462206A CN115248373B CN 115248373 B CN115248373 B CN 115248373B CN 202110462206 A CN202110462206 A CN 202110462206A CN 115248373 B CN115248373 B CN 115248373B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a relay adhesion detection method and device, and belongs to the field of circuit detection. According to the relay adhesion determination method, the current signals of the relay control end before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of circuit detection, in particular to a relay adhesion detection method and device.
Background
In a power automobile, a relay is usually arranged on a bus of a power battery, so that the opening and closing of a high-voltage loop are controlled through the relay. The voltage platform of the power battery used for the power automobile is higher, if the power battery is not well processed, electric shock accidents can be possibly caused, so that the state of the relay is required to be accurately and reliably detected, and the situation that high voltage is leaked to a rear-stage high-voltage connector is avoided, and further personal safety is endangered.
In the related art, a scheme of high-voltage sampling is adopted, voltages at two ends of a high-voltage contact of a relay are collected, and when the pressure difference at two ends of the high-voltage contact is lower than a certain limit value, the relay is judged to be adhered. However, this solution requires the use of a high withstand voltage device such as a photomos, so that the detection circuit is large in size, high in detection cost, and long in detection period.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a relay adhesion detection method and apparatus, which solve the problems of large relay adhesion detection circuit size, high detection cost, and long detection period.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a relay adhesion detection method, including:
generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of the relay so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of closing or opening;
acquiring current signals of relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to an operating state;
if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay adhesion is determined.
Optionally, the method further comprises: if the change of the current signal has abrupt change, the relay is determined to be not adhered.
In the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
Optionally, the change in the current signal without abrupt change comprises:
when the working state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is smaller than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
Optionally, the change in the current signal is not abrupt further comprises:
when the working state of the relay is switched from off to on, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, the starting time of any period is the previous sampling time, the ending time is the adjacent next sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the change rate of the current signal in any time period is smaller than or equal to zero, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
In the embodiment of the application, the change of the current signal is determined to be free from mutation through the current magnitude at adjacent sampling moments or through the change rate of the current signal, the judgment mode is simple and feasible, and the relay adhesion detection efficiency can be improved.
Optionally, when the control signal is to switch the working state of the relay from open to closed, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, determining that the relay cannot be normally closed;
when the control signal is used for switching the working state of the relay from closed to open, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of normally opening.
In the embodiment of the application, the specific situation of adhesion can be determined based on the control signal, and the pertinence is high.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a relay adhesion detection apparatus, the apparatus including:
the control module is used for generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of the relay, and switching on or switching off the relay according to the relay control signal so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of on or off;
the current detection module is used for collecting current signals of the control ends of the relay before and after the relay is switched to the working state and sending the collected current signals to the control module;
the control module is also used for determining relay adhesion when the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
Optionally, the control module is further configured to determine that the relay is not stuck when there is a sudden change in the current signal.
Optionally, the control module is specifically configured to, when it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt:
when the working state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is smaller than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
Optionally, the control module is further specifically configured to, when it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt:
when the working state of the relay is switched from off to on, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, the starting time of any period is the previous sampling time, the ending time is the adjacent next sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the change rate of the current signal in any time period is smaller than or equal to zero, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
Optionally, the control module is specifically configured to, when determining relay adhesion:
when the control signal is used for switching the working state of the relay from off to on, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, determining that the relay cannot be normally closed;
When the control signal is used for switching the working state of the relay from closed to open, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of normally opening.
Optionally, the current detection module is connected with the control module, the current detection module and the control module are also connected with the relay control end, and the relay control end is also connected with the constant voltage source through the control module.
Optionally, the control module includes:
the high-side control unit is respectively connected with the constant voltage source and the relay control end;
and the low-side control unit is connected with the relay control end.
Optionally, the current detection module is disposed on the constant voltage source or the high-side control unit.
Optionally, the high-side control unit is connected with the constant voltage source and the current detection module respectively, and the low-side control unit is connected with the control end of the relay;
the current detection module is also connected with the relay control end.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a battery management system including the relay adhesion detection apparatus of the second aspect.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an electrical device comprising a battery for providing electrical energy, the electrical device detecting whether a relay is stuck by the method of the first aspect described above.
According to a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the relay adhesion detection method of the first aspect described above.
In the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification, so that the technical means of the embodiments of the present application can be more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application will be presented in order to make the foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more understandable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a relay according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a relay adhesion detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another relay adhesion detection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a current waveform diagram of a relay in power-on according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a graph of a current signal at a control terminal of a relay according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first relay adhesion detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second relay adhesion detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third relay adhesion detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth relay adhesion detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
01: iron core, 02: coil, 03: armature, 04: spring, 05: normally open contact, 06: a normally closed contact; 601: control module, 602: current detection module, 603: relay control terminal, 604: constant voltage source, 605: relay load side, 606: high-voltage circuit, 601a: high side control unit, 601b: a low side control unit.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Before explaining the relay adhesion detection method provided in the embodiment of the present application in detail, the relay and the application scenario related to the embodiment of the present application are described.
The relay is an electronic control device, and is an electronic control device with step change of output quantity when the input quantity (electric and magnetic) reaches a certain value. It includes control system (input loop) and controlled system (output loop), and is an "automatic switch" which uses smaller current to control larger current, and is usually applied in automatic control circuit, and plays roles of automatic regulation, safety protection, switching circuit, etc. in the circuit. In general, a relay provided on a pre-charge circuit in a high-voltage system of a battery is called a pre-charge relay, a relay provided near a positive end of the battery is called a main positive relay, and a relay provided near a negative end of the battery is called a main negative relay.
Taking an electromagnetic relay as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the relay generally consists of an iron core 01, a coil 02, an armature 03, a spring 04, and the like. The coil 02 end of the relay is referred to as the relay drive or relay control end 603 and the high voltage contact end of the relay is referred to as the relay load end 605. The working principle of the relay is as follows: when a certain voltage is applied to both ends of the coil 02, a certain driving current flows through the coil 02, and the coil 02 and the iron core 01 are equivalent to an electromagnet, so that an electromagnetic effect is generated. The armature 03 is attracted to the iron core 01 against the pulling force of the spring 04 under the action of electromagnetic force attraction, so that the movable contact of the armature 03 is driven to be attracted to the static contact (normally open contact 05), and the purpose of conducting in a circuit is achieved. That is, once the contacts are in contact, the relay is turned on and the load circuit to which the relay load terminal 605 is connected will be turned on. When the coil 02 is powered off, the electromagnetic attraction force is eliminated, and the armature 03 returns to the original position under the reaction force of the spring 04, so that the movable contact of the armature 03 is attracted with the original static contact (normally closed contact 06), and the aim of cutting off in a circuit is fulfilled. When the relay is opened, the load circuit to which the relay load terminal 605 is connected is cut off, and the relay cannot be conducted to operate.
When the relay is out of order, the automatic regulation, safety protection, switching circuit and the like can be realized in the circuit, but when the relay is out of order, the relay cannot play the role. Relay adhesion is one type of relay failure. Relay sticking often includes both improper closing and improper opening. When the relay is electrified, if the movable contact of the armature 03 and the normally closed contact 06 are melted and welded together, so that the relay cannot be normally closed, the relay is considered to have adhesion fault. When the relay is powered down, if the movable contact of the armature 03 and the normally open contact 05 are melted and welded together, so that the relay cannot be normally disconnected, the relay is considered to have adhesion failure.
The relay adhesion detection method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be explained in detail below. Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a relay adhesion detection method according to an embodiment of the present application, and the method may be applied to a relay adhesion detection device. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 201: and generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of the relay so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of closing or opening.
The working state of the relay comprises closing and opening, and if the current working state of the relay is closing, a relay control signal generated according to the current working state of the relay is a signal for controlling the relay to be opened, and the working state of the relay is switched from closing to opening. In contrast, if the current operating state of the relay is open, the relay control signal generated from the current operating state of the relay is a signal to control the relay to close, and the operating state of the relay will be switched from open to closed.
Step 202: and acquiring current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state.
In this embodiment of the application, relay adhesion detection device can include current detection module, as long as current detection module is electrified, can gather the current signal of relay control end in real time and store. Because only the current signal of the relay control end can change when the working state of the relay is switched, and the relay adhesion can be determined only based on the change condition of the current signal, in order to improve the efficiency of determining the relay adhesion and lighten the data processing pressure, the relay adhesion can be determined based on the change condition of the current signal only after the relay is switched.
The current signal includes a current and a sampling time. The start time of the sampling time of the portion of the current signal may be a first time before the relay switches the operation state, and the end time may be a second time after the relay switches the operation state. The first time may be any time before the relay switches to the working state, and the second time may be any time after the relay switches to the working state. Preferably, the second time may be a time when the current signal of the relay control terminal reaches a plateau after the relay switches the operation state. No matter which time the first time and the second time are, the embodiment of the application is not limited as long as the current signal can reflect the complete change condition of the current of the control end of the relay before and after the relay switches the working state.
Step 203: if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay adhesion is determined.
When the coil is energized or de-energized, the current in the coil will change, as will the resulting electromagnetic field. If the relay is not adhered, the armature is attracted to the iron core under the action of electromagnetic force attraction or returns to the original position under the reaction force of the spring, that is, the armature is displaced to a certain extent under normal conditions. In the process of the armature shifting, the armature can cut the magnetic induction wire generated by the coil, thereby adversely affecting the current in the coil and generating reverse current in the coil, and the current signal in the coil can change reversely. If the relay is adhered, the armature is not attracted to the iron core under the action of electromagnetic force attraction or returns to the original position under the reaction force of the spring, that is, when the relay is adhered, the armature is not displaced, so that the current in the coil is not affected in reverse, the reverse current is not generated in the coil, and the current signal in the coil is not changed in reverse. Therefore, relay adhesion can be determined based on the change condition of the current signal of the relay control end, and relay adhesion can be determined when the change of the current signal of the relay control end is not abrupt. The presence or absence of abrupt changes in the current signal at the relay control terminal will be described in detail in the following examples.
In the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit containing the high-voltage module is not required to be arranged to collect voltages of two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another relay adhesion detection method according to an embodiment of the present application, and the method may be applied to a relay adhesion detection apparatus. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps.
Step 301: and generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of the relay so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of closing or opening.
The relay adhesion detection device can acquire the current working state of the relay when the relay is required to be closed by receiving a power-on instruction or when the relay is required to be opened by receiving a power-off instruction, and generate a relay control signal based on the current working state of the relay so as to enable the relay to switch the working state. For a description of the switching of the working state of the relay, refer to step 201, which is not repeated herein.
Step 302: and acquiring current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state.
For the description of step 302, please refer to step 202, and the description thereof is omitted.
After the current signals of the relay control terminals before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained in the step 302, relay adhesion can be determined in the following steps 303 and 304 according to the change condition of the current signals.
Step 303: and judging whether the change of the current signal has mutation or not.
It should be noted that, in the power-up process, the current change suddenly changes, which means that the current suddenly decreases in the growth process, and begins to increase after decreasing to a certain extent. In some embodiments, during the power-on process, if the armature is displaced to a certain extent, the current of the control end of the relay is affected in a reverse direction, so that the current change rule of the control end of the relay is gradually increased from zero to a certain extent, then the current change rule is in a descending trend, and after the current change rule is reduced to a certain extent, the current change starts to rise until the current change is stable and unchanged, and then the change of the current signal is considered to have abrupt change. In short, if the current at the control terminal of the relay has a tendency of increasing-decreasing-increasing-stabilizing at the time of power-up, the change of the current signal is considered to have abrupt change. Fig. 4 shows several current waveforms when the relay is powered on, the horizontal axis of the waveform is a time axis, the vertical axis represents the current magnitude, as shown in fig. 4 (a), the current gradually increases from zero until the current is stable and unchanged, and then the change of the current signal shown in the graph has no abrupt change. As shown in fig. 4 (b) and fig. 4 (c), the current tends to increase-decrease-increase-plateau, and the change in the current signal shown in these two figures is abrupt.
During power-up, no abrupt change in current refers to the tendency of the current to drop off abruptly during the course of an increase. In some embodiments, if the armature is not displaced during power-up, the current of the relay control terminal is not affected in a reverse direction, the current change rule of the relay control terminal is gradually increased from zero until the current is stable and unchanged, and then the change of the current signal is considered to be not abrupt. In short, if the current at the control end of the relay is in an increasing-stabilizing trend during power-on, the change of the current signal is considered to be free from abrupt change.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application can determine that the change of the current signal has no abrupt change when the power is on at least in the following two ways.
The first way is: if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, determining that the change of the current signal has no abrupt change.
In specific implementation, the current at the previous sampling time may be subtracted from the current at the next sampling time in any adjacent sampling time to obtain a plurality of current differences. If the plurality of current differences is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt.
For example, in the obtained current signals of the relay control terminals before and after the relay switches the working state, the current at the first sampling time is assumed to be 1A (ampere), the current at the second sampling time is assumed to be 2A, the current at the third sampling time is assumed to be 2.5A, the current at the fourth sampling time is assumed to be 2.8A, and the current at the fifth sampling time is assumed to be 3A. The current at the second sampling time is subtracted from the current at the first sampling time to obtain a first current difference of 1A, the current at the third sampling time is subtracted from the current at the second sampling time to obtain a second current difference of 0.5A, the current at the fourth sampling time is subtracted from the current at the third sampling time to obtain a third current difference of 0.3A, and the current at the fifth sampling time is subtracted from the current at the fourth sampling time to obtain a fourth current difference of 0.2A. Since the four current differences are all greater than zero, it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal.
The second way is: if the rate of change of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal. The starting time of any period is the previous sampling time, and the ending time is the adjacent next sampling time.
In specific implementation, the current of the previous sampling time is subtracted from the current of the next sampling time in any adjacent sampling time, and then the current is divided by the time difference between the two sampling times, so as to obtain a plurality of current signal change rates. If the plurality of current signal rates of change are each greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal.
Continuing the above example, assuming that the start time of the first period is the first sampling time, the end time is the second sampling time, the start time of the second period is the second sampling time, the end time is the third sampling time, the start time of the third period is the third sampling time, the end time is the fourth sampling time, the start time of the fourth period is the fourth sampling time, the end time is the fifth sampling time, and the time differences between the adjacent sampling times are all 1S, the rate of change of the current signal in the first period is 1A/S, the rate of change in the second period is 0.5A/S, the rate of change in the third period is 0.3A/S, and the rate of change in the fourth period is 0.2A/S. Since the rate of change of the current signal in each of these four periods is greater than zero, it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal.
In the power-down process, the current change has a tendency that the current of the abrupt change finger suddenly rises in the falling process, and the current begins to fall after rising to a certain degree. In some embodiments, during the power-down process, if the armature moves to a certain extent, the current of the relay control terminal is influenced reversely, so that the current change rule of the relay control terminal gradually decreases from high current to a certain extent, then the current change rule is in an ascending trend, and starts to decrease after the current change rule is increased to a certain extent, until the current change rule is zero, and then the change of the current signal is considered to have abrupt change. In short, if the current at the relay control terminal tends to decrease-increase-decrease-plateau when power is down, the change in the current signal is considered to have an abrupt change.
During power down, no abrupt change in current refers to the tendency of the current to rise suddenly during the course of the drop. In some embodiments, if the armature is not displaced during the power-down process, the current of the control end of the relay is not affected in a reverse direction, the current change rule of the control end of the relay is that the current is reduced until the current is reduced to zero and is stable and unchanged, and then the change of the current signal is considered to be free from abrupt change. In short, if the current at the relay control terminal is in a decreasing-stabilizing trend when power is down, the change of the current signal is considered to be free from abrupt change.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application can determine that the change of the current signal has no abrupt change when power is turned off at least in the following two ways.
The first way is: if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is less than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous time, determining that the change of the current signal has no abrupt change.
In specific implementation, the current at the previous sampling time may be subtracted from the current at the next sampling time in any adjacent sampling time to obtain a plurality of current differences. If the plurality of current differences is less than or equal to zero, it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt.
For example, in the obtained current signals of the relay control terminals before and after the relay switches the working state, the current at the first sampling time is assumed to be 3A, the current at the second sampling time is assumed to be 2.8A, the current at the third sampling time is assumed to be 2.5A, the current at the fourth sampling time is assumed to be 2A, and the current at the fifth sampling time is assumed to be 1A. Subtracting the current at the first sampling time from the current at the second sampling time to obtain a first current difference of-0.2A, subtracting the current at the second sampling time from the current at the third sampling time to obtain a second current difference of-0.3A, subtracting the current at the third sampling time from the current at the fourth sampling time to obtain a third current difference of-0.5A, and subtracting the current at the fourth sampling time from the current at the fifth sampling time to obtain a fourth current difference of-1A. Since the four current differences are all smaller than zero, it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt.
The second way is: if the rate of change of the current signal in any period is less than or equal to zero, then it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal.
In specific implementation, the current of the previous sampling time is subtracted from the current of the next sampling time in any adjacent sampling time, and then the current is divided by the time difference between the two sampling times, so as to obtain a plurality of current signal change rates. If the plurality of current signal rates of change are each less than or equal to zero, it is determined that the change in the current signal is not abrupt.
Continuing the above example, assuming that the start time of the first period is the first sampling time, the end time is the second sampling time, the start time of the second period is the second sampling time, the end time is the third sampling time, the start time of the third period is the third sampling time, the end time is the fourth sampling time, the start time of the fourth period is the fourth sampling time, the end time is the fifth sampling time, and the time differences between the adjacent sampling times are all 1S, the rate of change of the current signal in the first period is-0.2A/S, the rate of change in the second period is-0.3A/S, the rate of change in the third period is-0.5A/S, and the rate of change in the fourth period is-1A/S. Since the rate of change of the current signal in each of these four periods is less than zero, it is determined that there is no abrupt change in the current signal.
Step 304: if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay adhesion is determined.
Based on the description of step 203, if there is no abrupt change in the current signal, it can be determined that the relay has stuck to fault.
Further, the embodiment of the application not only can determine the adhesion of the relay according to the change condition of the current signal, but also can determine which kind of adhesion is specific based on the control signal. For example, when the control signal is such that the operating state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the change in the current signal is not abrupt, it is determined that the relay cannot be normally closed. When the control signal is used for switching the working state of the relay from closed to open, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of normally opening.
In the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
In the above embodiment, if the change of the current signal at the control end of the relay is not abrupt before and after the relay is switched to the operating state, the relay adhesion is determined. In other embodiments, based on the description of step 203, the armature would normally undergo a certain displacement when the coil is energized or de-energized. In the process of the displacement of the armature, the armature can cut the magnetic induction wire generated by the coil, thereby adversely affecting the current in the coil, generating reverse current in the coil, and generating reverse change of the current signal in the coil. Therefore, when the change of the current signal of the control end of the relay has abrupt change, the relay can be determined not to be adhered.
Further, in the relays of different types, the armature stroke (i.e., the distance that the armature moves from contacting the normally-closed contact to contacting the normally-open contact or from contacting the normally-open contact to contacting the normally-closed contact) is different, and when the current signal at the control end of the relay changes suddenly before and after the relay switches the working state, the range of the sudden change amplitude is also different. That is, the relay type number has a correspondence relationship with the abrupt amplitude range of the current signal. Therefore, after the fact that the change of the current signal of the relay control end is suddenly changed is determined, the sudden change amplitude of the current signal can be obtained, and whether judgment of relay non-adhesion is correct or not is verified according to the sudden change amplitude of the current signal.
In one possible implementation manner, the relay adhesion detection device may draw a change curve of the current along with the sampling time according to the current signal; acquiring an absolute value of a current difference between a first current mutation point and a second current mutation point on a change curve; based on the absolute value of the current difference and the corresponding relation between the relay type number and the abrupt amplitude range of the current signal, the relay is verified to be not adhered.
Fig. 5 shows a graph of a current signal at the control terminal of the relay, wherein fig. 5 (a) corresponds to a graph of a current signal at the time of power-up, and fig. 5 (b) corresponds to a graph of a current signal at the time of power-down. And the upper curves in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are curves in which the current varies with the sampling time, and the abscissa of each point on the curves is the sampling time and the ordinate is the current. The lower curves in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are current change rate curves, and the abscissa of each point on the curves is the sampling timing and the ordinate is the current change rate. The current abrupt change point refers to a point at which the current changes from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend or from a decreasing trend to an increasing trend. During power-up, the first current abrupt change point may be a point at which the current changes from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend (e.g., point a in the upper curve of fig. 5 (a)), and the second current abrupt change point may be a point at which the current changes from a decreasing trend to an increasing trend (e.g., point B in the upper curve of fig. 5 (a)). During power-down, the first current abrupt change point may be a point at which the current changes from a decreasing trend to an increasing trend (e.g., point a in the upper curve of fig. 5 (B)), and the second current abrupt change point may be a point at which the current changes from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend (e.g., point B in the upper curve of fig. 5 (B)).
When the current abrupt change point is determined, the relay adhesion detection device can obtain a current change rate curve according to the drawn current change curve along with the sampling time, and then determine a first zero point and a second zero point on the current change rate curve. And determining a point corresponding to a first zero point on the change curve of the current along with the sampling time as a first current abrupt change point, and determining a point corresponding to a second zero point on the change curve of the current along with the sampling time as a second current abrupt change point.
It should be noted that, during the power-up process, the first zero point on the current change rate curve may be a point at which the current change rate changes from positive to negative, that is, a point at which the current changes from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend (e.g., point C in the lower curve of fig. 5 (a)), and the second zero point may be a point at which the current change rate changes from negative to positive, that is, a point at which the current changes from a decreasing trend to an increasing trend (e.g., point D in the lower curve of fig. 5 (a)). During power-down, the first zero point on the current change rate curve is a point at which the current change rate changes from negative to positive, i.e., a point at which the current changes from a decreasing trend to an increasing trend (e.g., point C in the lower curve of fig. 5 (b)), and the second zero point is a point at which the current change rate changes from positive to negative, i.e., a point at which the current changes from an increasing trend to a decreasing trend (e.g., point D in the lower curve of fig. 5 (b)). The sampling time corresponding to the first zero point is the same as the sampling time corresponding to the first abrupt change point, and the sampling time corresponding to the second zero point is the same as the sampling time corresponding to the second abrupt change point. Therefore, a point on the current variation curve with the sampling time, which has the same sampling time as the first zero point, may be determined as the first current abrupt point, and a point on the current variation curve with the sampling time, which has the same sampling time as the second zero point, may be determined as the second current abrupt point.
When the relay is verified to be not stuck based on the absolute value of the current difference and the corresponding relation between the relay type number and the abrupt amplitude of the current signal, the absolute value of the current difference can be determined to be the abrupt amplitude. And searching a mutation amplitude range of the current signal corresponding to the relay type number in the corresponding relation according to the relay type number to obtain a target mutation amplitude range of the current signal of the relay. If the mutation amplitude is within the target mutation amplitude range, the relay is determined to be not adhered. If the mutation amplitude is not within the target mutation amplitude range, the relay is considered to be non-stuck, and erroneous judgment can exist. For example, the abrupt amplitude range of the current signal corresponding to a certain type of relay may be 1.5±0.2mm (millimeters).
It is worth to say that, according to the embodiment of the application, the relay is verified to be not adhered according to the mutation amplitude of the current signal, and the problem of high misjudgment rate of the relay being not adhered due to the fact that the relay is determined to be not adhered only when the change of the current signal is suddenly changed can be solved.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a relay adhesion detection device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, the device includes a control module 601 and a current detection module 602. The current detection module 602 is connected with the control module 601, the current detection module 602 and the control module 601 are also connected with the relay control end 603, the relay control end 603 is also connected with the constant voltage source 604 through the control module 601, the relay load end 605 is connected with the high-voltage loop 606, and the high-voltage loop 606 is usually a high-voltage bus circuit in the electric automobile. The constant voltage source 604 is a direct current power supply with voltage kept unchanged and current changed along with load change, in the detection device, the constant voltage source 604 is a driving power supply of a relay, when the coil of the relay is electrified through the constant voltage source 604, if the relay is not adhered, a load end 605 of the relay is closed, so that a high-voltage loop 606 connected with the load end is closed and conducted. As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the control module 601 includes a high-side control unit 601a and a low-side control unit 601b. The high-side control unit 601a is a switch control unit that is responsible for the relay coil load and is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the low-side control unit 601b is a switch control unit that is responsible for the relay coil load and is connected to the power supply reference ground.
In a first possible configuration, as shown in fig. 7, the current detection module 602 is disposed at the constant voltage source 604.
In a second possible configuration, as shown in fig. 8, the current detection module 602 is provided in the high-side control unit 601a.
In the above two structures, the current detection module 602 is integrated in the constant voltage source 604 or the high side control unit 601a, and the high side control unit 601a is connected to the constant voltage source 604 and the relay control terminal 603, respectively. The low side control unit 601b is connected to the relay control terminal 603. The relay control terminal 603 is connected to a constant voltage source 604 through a high side control unit 601a.
In a third possible configuration, as shown in fig. 9, the current detection module 602 is provided separately. In this configuration, the high-side control unit 601a is connected to the constant voltage source 604 and the current detection module 602, respectively, and the low-side control unit 601b is connected to the relay control terminal 603. The current detection module 602 is also connected to a relay control terminal 603.
In the above three structures, the high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b generate relay control signals according to the current operating state of the relay, and turn on or off according to the relay control signals, so that the relay switches the operating state. The current detection module 602 collects current signals of the relay control end 603 before and after the relay is switched to an operating state, and sends the collected current signals to the high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b. The high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b also determine relay adhesion according to the change condition of the current signal. In the first configuration, the current detection module 602 is disposed in the constant voltage source 604, and the constant voltage source 604 has a current detection function, so that the current signal of the relay control terminal 603 before and after the relay is switched to the operating state is collected by the constant voltage source 604, and the collected current signal is sent to the high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b. In the second structure, the current detection module 602 is disposed in the high-side control unit 601a, and the high-side control unit 601a has a function of current detection, so that the high-side control unit 601a collects current signals of the relay control terminals 603 before and after switching the working state of the relay, and sends the collected current signals to the high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b. In the third structure, current signals of the relay control terminals 603 before and after the relay is switched in operation state are collected by the separately provided current detection module 602, and the collected current signals are sent to the high-side control unit 601a and the low-side control unit 601b.
It should be noted that the relay adhesion detection apparatus of the three structures shown in fig. 7 to 9 can be used to detect adhesion of any relay apparatus. If the relay adhesion condition of the high-voltage system relay is to be detected, a relay adhesion detection device can be connected to each relay control end 603, and the relay adhesion detection devices connected to the three relay control ends 603 can be of the same structure or different structures.
In some embodiments, when determining that the relay is stuck according to the change situation of the current signal, the control module 601 first determines whether the change of the current signal has a mutation, and if the change of the current signal has no mutation, determines that the relay is stuck.
In a first possible manner, when the control module 601 determines that the change of the current signal is not abrupt, if the current at the next sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time when the working state of the relay is switched from open to closed, or if the current at the next sampling time in the current signal is less than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time when the working state of the relay is switched from closed to open, the change of the current signal is determined to be not abrupt.
In a second possible manner, when the operating state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the rate of change of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, the start time of any period is the previous sampling time, the end time is the next sampling time, or when the operating state of the relay is switched from closed to open, if the rate of change of the current signal in any period is less than or equal to zero, it is determined that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
Further, the control module 601 not only can determine the relay adhesion according to the change condition of the current signal, but also can determine which case adhesion is specific based on the content of the control signal. For example, when the control signal is such that the operating state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the change in the current signal is not abrupt, it is determined that the relay cannot be normally closed. When the control signal is used for switching the working state of the relay from closed to open, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of normally opening.
In some embodiments, the relay adhesion detection apparatus may further include an MCU (Microprogrammed Control unit, micro control processor). The MCU can control the functions of control, analysis and diagnosis, is connected with the control module 601, and can send relay control signals to the control module 601 through the MCU. In the relay adhesion detection apparatus of the first structure, the MCU is further connected to a constant voltage source 604 having a current detection function, and the constant voltage source 604 may send the collected current signal of the relay control terminal 603 to the MCU. In the relay adhesion detection apparatus of the second structure, the MCU is further connected to a high-side control unit 601a having a current detection function, and the high-side control unit 601a may send the collected current signal of the relay control terminal 603 to the MCU. In the relay adhesion detection device with the third structure, the MCU is further connected with a separately provided current detection module 602, and the current detection module 602 may send the collected current signal of the relay control end 603 to the MCU. After receiving the current signal of the relay control terminal 603, the MCU can determine relay adhesion according to the change condition of the current signal.
In the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in the apparatus of the above embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
It should be understood that the division of the units in the above apparatus is merely a division of a logic function, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity or may be physically separated when actually implemented. And the units in the device can be all realized in the form of software calls through the processing element; or can be realized in hardware; it is also possible that part of the units are implemented in the form of software, which is called by the processing element, and part of the units are implemented in the form of hardware. For example, each unit may be a processing element that is set up separately, may be implemented as integrated in a certain chip of the apparatus, or may be stored in a memory in the form of a program, and the functions of the unit may be called and executed by a certain processing element of the apparatus. Furthermore, all or part of these units may be integrated together or may be implemented independently. The processing element here may be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method or each unit above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processing element or in the form of software called by the processing element.
The embodiment of the application also provides a battery management system, which comprises the relay adhesion detection device provided by the embodiment shown in the figures 6 to 9.
The embodiment of the application also provides an electric device, which comprises a battery, wherein the battery is used for providing electric energy, and the electric device detects whether the relay is stuck or not through the relay sticking detection method provided by the embodiment shown in the figures 2 to 5.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program or instructions are stored, which when executed by a processor, implement the relay adhesion detection method provided in the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 5.
The computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic circuitry, semiconductor memory devices, read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio Frequency (RF) links, and the like.
To sum up, in the embodiment of the application, the current signals of the relay control end before and after the relay is switched to the working state are obtained, and the relay adhesion is determined according to the change condition of the current signals. Therefore, the adhesion condition of the relay can be judged only by collecting current signals of the relay control ends before and after the relay is switched to the working state, and the high-voltage sampling circuit is not required to collect voltages of the two ends of the high-voltage contact of the relay, so that the detection device is small in size, low in detection cost and short in detection period.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
In addition, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description of the applications herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the drawings are intended to cover, but not exclude, other matters. The word "a" or "an" does not exclude the presence of a plurality.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The term "and/or" is herein merely an association relationship describing an associated object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
Furthermore, the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application or in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order, and may be used to expressly or implicitly include one or more such features.
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" means two or more (including two).
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the terms "connected" or "coupled" of a mechanical structure may refer to a physical connection, e.g., the physical connection may be a fixed connection, e.g., by a fastener, such as a screw, bolt, or other fastener; the physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit or snap-fit connection; the physical connection may also be an integral connection, such as a welded, glued or integrally formed connection. "connected" or "connected" of circuit structures may refer to physical connection, electrical connection or signal connection, for example, direct connection, i.e. physical connection, or indirect connection through at least one element in the middle, so long as circuit communication is achieved, or internal communication between two elements; signal connection may refer to signal connection through a medium such as radio waves, in addition to signal connection through a circuit. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Claims (13)
1. A relay adhesion detection method, the method comprising:
generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of a relay so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of closing or opening;
acquiring current signals of the relay control end before and after the relay is switched to a working state;
if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, determining that the relay is stuck;
if the change of the current signal has mutation, determining that the relay is not adhered, acquiring the mutation amplitude of the current signal, and determining a target mutation amplitude range corresponding to the type of the relay; the abrupt change comprises a trend of suddenly decreasing current in the increasing process when the power is on, and increasing the current after decreasing, or a trend of suddenly increasing current in the decreasing process when the power is off, and decreasing the current after increasing; the abrupt amplitude is the absolute value of the current difference between the first current abrupt point and the second current abrupt point on the curve of the current signal changing along with the sampling time; the first current abrupt change point is a point corresponding to a first zero point on a current change rate curve of the current change rate along with the sampling time; the second current abrupt change point is a point corresponding to a second zero point on the current change rate curve;
If the mutation amplitude is in the target mutation amplitude range, determining that the relay is not adhered is correct;
if the mutation amplitude is not in the target mutation amplitude range, determining that misjudgment exists in the judgment of the relay non-adhesion.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the absence of abrupt changes in the current signal comprises:
when the working state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is smaller than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the absence of abrupt change in the current signal further comprises:
when the working state of the relay is switched from off to on, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, the starting time of any period is the previous sampling time, the ending time is the adjacent next sampling time, or,
When the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is smaller than or equal to zero, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
when the control signal is used for enabling the working state of the relay to be switched from off to on, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, determining that the relay cannot be normally closed;
when the control signal is used for enabling the working state of the relay to be switched from on to off, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of being normally opened.
5. A relay adhesion detection apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the control module comprises a high-side control unit and a low-side control unit, and is used for generating a relay control signal according to the current working state of the relay, and switching on or switching off the relay according to the relay control signal so as to enable the relay to switch the working state, wherein the current working state is one of on or off;
the high-side control unit is connected with the constant voltage source and the relay control end respectively, and the low-side control unit is connected with the relay control end;
The current detection module is arranged in the constant voltage source and is used for collecting current signals of the relay control end before and after the relay is switched to a working state and sending the collected current signals to the high-side control unit and the low-side control unit;
the high-side control unit and the low-side control unit are also used for determining that the relay is adhered when the change of the current signal is not abrupt; when the change of the current signal has mutation, determining that the relay is not adhered, acquiring the mutation amplitude of the current signal, and determining a target mutation amplitude range corresponding to the type of the relay; if the mutation amplitude is in the target mutation amplitude range, determining that the relay is not adhered is correct; if the mutation amplitude is not in the target mutation amplitude range, determining that misjudgment exists in the judgment of the relay non-adhesion;
the abrupt change comprises a trend of suddenly decreasing current in the increasing process when the power is on, and increasing the current after decreasing, or a trend of suddenly increasing current in the decreasing process when the power is off, and decreasing the current after increasing; the abrupt amplitude is the absolute value of the current difference between the first current abrupt point and the second current abrupt point on the curve of the current signal changing along with the sampling time; the first current abrupt change point is a point corresponding to a first zero point on a current change rate curve of the current change rate along with the sampling time; and the second current abrupt change point is a point corresponding to a second zero point on the current change rate curve.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control module is configured to, upon determining that the change in the current signal is not abrupt:
when the working state of the relay is switched from open to closed, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is greater than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the current at the later sampling time in the current signal is smaller than or equal to the current at the adjacent previous sampling time, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control module is further specifically configured to, upon determining that the change in the current signal is not abrupt:
when the working state of the relay is switched from off to on, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is greater than or equal to zero, the starting time of any period is the previous sampling time, the ending time is the adjacent next sampling time, or,
when the working state of the relay is switched from on to off, if the change rate of the current signal in any period is smaller than or equal to zero, determining that the change of the current signal is not abrupt.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control module is configured to, when determining that the relay is stuck:
when the control signal is used for enabling the working state of the relay to be switched from off to on, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, determining that the relay cannot be normally closed;
when the control signal is used for enabling the working state of the relay to be switched from on to off, if the change of the current signal is not abrupt, the relay is determined to be incapable of being normally opened.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the current detection module is coupled to the control module, the current detection module and the control module are further coupled to the relay control terminal, and the relay control terminal is further coupled to a constant voltage source via the control module.
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the high-side control unit is connected with the constant voltage source and the current detection module, respectively, and the low-side control unit is connected with the relay control terminal;
the current detection module is also connected with the relay control end.
11. A battery management system comprising the relay adhesion detection apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 10.
12. An electrical device comprising a battery for providing electrical energy, the electrical device detecting whether a relay is stuck by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
13. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the relay adhesion detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN103308852A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-18 | 上海复亚微电子有限公司 | Full-isolation relay contact action detecting circuit |
| CN203720299U (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-07-16 | 浙江万向亿能动力电池有限公司 | Relay coil driving diagnosis device |
| CN104155603A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-11-19 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | Contact detection device and method of high-voltage relay for electric vehicle |
| JP2018095022A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-06-21 | ボッシュ株式会社 | Relay diagnostic apparatus and relay diagnostic method |
| CN109490764A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-03-19 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | A kind of detection circuit, vehicle, detection device and detection method |
| JP2020156247A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | 株式会社デンソー | Control device for on-vehicle power supply system |
| CN112216558A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-01-12 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Relay drive circuit and electrical system |
| CN111880088A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-03 | 上海英恒电子有限公司 | Relay bilateral control and diagnosis circuit and method and battery management system |
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