CN115178741B - Preparation method of porous composite pipe - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous composite pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115178741B CN115178741B CN202210689882.1A CN202210689882A CN115178741B CN 115178741 B CN115178741 B CN 115178741B CN 202210689882 A CN202210689882 A CN 202210689882A CN 115178741 B CN115178741 B CN 115178741B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 cemented carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/093—Compacting only using vibrations or friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous composite pipe, which comprises the following steps: 1) Selecting metal powder with the granularity range of 0.1-100 mu m; 2) The forming mode is any one of the following two modes: a. filling the metal powder into a metal tube 1 and forming the metal powder to obtain a combined porous composite tube; b. forming the metal powder to obtain a powder metallurgy porous member, and then filling the powder metallurgy porous member into a metal pipe 1 to obtain a combined porous composite pipe; 3) And (3) placing the combined porous metal tube into a thick-wall constraint tube 2, and sintering in an anti-oxidation environment to obtain the porous composite tube. The invention is suitable for forming the composite pipe by adopting the finer metal powder and the metal pipe, has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenient use, high reliability and the like, and is suitable for the fields of filtration, heat pipes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a porous composite pipe.
Background
The porous composite tube is generally prepared by combining a metal tube and a powder porous member, and has wide application in the aspects of heat pipes, filtration and the like. The powder metallurgy porous component mainly has tubular, sheet, rod-like, blind hole pipe and other shapes, and can be arranged on the inner wall and one end of the metal pipe. The preparation method of the porous composite pipe mainly comprises the processes of hot filling, metal pipe deformation, sintering and the like.
The hot-filling process is to fill the powder metallurgy porous component into the metal pipe by heating the metal pipe, and tightly fit the metal pipe and the powder metallurgy porous component after cooling. The powder metallurgy porous component can be frozen and put into a metal pipe, and the metal pipe and the powder metallurgy porous component are tightly attached after the room temperature is restored. The powder metallurgy porous member may be tubular, sheet-like, rod-like, blind-hole tube in shape. However, this method has problems such as extremely high processing accuracy, insufficient adhesion between the powder metallurgy porous member and the metal pipe, and low bonding strength.
The metal tube deformation process is to put the powder metallurgy porous component into the metal tube, and then deform the metal tube to be attached to the powder metallurgy porous component. The powder metallurgy porous member material can be tubular, sheet-like, rod-like or blind hole pipe. This method requires a high strength and high dimensional accuracy of the powder metallurgy porous member, and has problems such as insufficient adhesion between the powder metallurgy porous member and the metal pipe, and low bonding strength.
The sintering process is that the powder metallurgy porous component is expanded and contacted with the metal pipe in the sintering process, so that the powder metallurgy porous component is integrated with the metal pipe, and the sintering process specifically comprises the steps of placing a core rod inside the powder metallurgy porous component for sintering (comprising metal, ceramic, organic matters and the like), adhering powder on the inner wall of the pipe, centrifugally coating the inside of the pipe, sintering and expanding (such as adding aluminum powder into Ti powder) and the like. The sintering method for placing the core rod inside the powder metallurgy porous component is to fill powder between the core rod and the metal pipe and sinter the powder together to prepare the porous composite pipe, and the method is suitable for the powder metallurgy porous composite pipe with coarser powder of more than or equal to 50 mu m and thinner powder metallurgy layer of less than or equal to 3mm, and has the problems of difficult extraction of the core rod, short service life and the like, and cannot prepare the powder metallurgy rod or the blind hole pipe. The method for sticking powder on the inner wall of a pipe is to coat a layer of polyvinyl alcohol solution in a metal pipe, then pour copper powder into the pipe and pour out the copper powder, so that the wall of the pipe is hung with a layer of copper powder for sintering to prepare the porous composite pipe. The centrifugal coating method in tube is to prepare film powder into slurry, cover the outer wall of supporting tube with plastic, seal one section, put the prepared slurry into porous metal supporting tube from the other end and seal, then fix it in centrifugal barrel, start centrifugal classifying sedimentation machine, deposit a film on the inner wall of porous tube, dry and sinter to prepare the final product film tube. The preparation method has the defects of complex preparation process, high cost, difficulty in preparing the powder metallurgy porous material with smaller inner diameter and larger thickness of the inner wall of the pipe, and the like, and can not prepare the powder metallurgy rod or the blind hole pipe. The sintering expansion method is to change the components by adding other metal powder so as to lead the powder metallurgy porous material to form contact with the metal tube in the sintering process, thus preparing the porous composite tube. However, after sintering by the method, the powder metallurgy porous material has larger shrinkage, cracks appear in the interior or between the powder metallurgy porous material and the metal pipe, so that the pore diameter is larger, and the powder metallurgy porous material is only suitable for a metal powder system expanding in the sintering process and has larger limitation.
Because the shrinkage is larger in the fine powder sintering process, for the porous metal pipe with the powder metallurgy porous material being a rod-shaped or blind hole pipe, the adoption of the sintering process leads to the formation of gaps between the powder metallurgy porous material and the metal pipe, even direct separation, and the porous composite pipe with the powder metallurgy rod-shaped or blind hole pipe inside cannot be prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the requirements on the performance of the internal powder metallurgy porous material, the invention provides a preparation method of a porous composite pipe with simple process, convenient use and high reliability. The prepared porous composite pipe has the advantages of high porosity, small maximum pore diameter, high permeability, high interface bonding strength between the internal powder metallurgy porous material and the metal pipe 1, and the like. The method is suitable for preparing the porous composite pipe by adopting the finer powder and the metal pipe, and the porous composite pipe can be applied to the fields of filtration, heat pipes and the like.
The preparation method of the porous composite pipe comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting metal powder with the granularity range of 0.1-100 mu m;
2) The forming mode is any one of the following two modes:
a. Filling the metal powder into a metal tube 1 and forming the metal powder to obtain a combined porous composite tube;
b. Forming the metal powder to obtain a powder metallurgy porous member, and then filling the powder metallurgy porous member into a metal pipe 1 to obtain a combined porous composite pipe;
3) And (3) placing the combined porous metal tube into a thick-wall constraint tube 2, and sintering in an anti-oxidation environment to obtain the porous composite tube.
In the sintering process, the powder metallurgy porous component is contracted inwards, the metal tube 1 is limited by the thick-wall constraint tube 2, the outward expansion is changed into the inward expansion, the inner wall of the metal tube 1 is contacted with the powder metallurgy porous component to form metallurgical bonding, the interface bonding strength of the powder porous material and the inner wall of the metal tube is improved, and the porous composite tube is manufactured after cooling.
Preferably, the sintering temperature may be 30% to 70% of the melting point of the metal powder, and the temperature range is selected to ensure that the material has a high porosity and strength.
Preferably, the sintering time may be 1 to 480min, preferably 20 to 100min.
Preferably, the anti-oxidation environment may be a vacuum, a reducing atmosphere, or an inert protective atmosphere. The reducing atmosphere can be one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas. The inert protective atmosphere can be one of nitrogen, argon and helium.
Preferably, the particle size of the metal powder ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm, preferably from 0.1 to 38 μm.
Preferably, in step a, the forming comprises tap forming or press forming. In some embodiments, step a comprises: and filling the metal powder into a metal tube 1, and compacting and forming to obtain the combined porous composite tube. In other embodiments, step a comprises: the metal powder is filled into a metal tube 1 and is pressed to form the combined porous composite tube.
Preferably, in step b, the forming comprises compression molding.
Preferably, in step b, after the forming, sintering is optionally performed, wherein the sintering temperature is 30% -70% of the melting point of the metal powder, and the sintering time is 1-480 min.
In some embodiments, step b comprises: the metal powder is molded to prepare a powder metallurgy porous component, and then the powder metallurgy porous component is filled into a metal pipe 1 to prepare a combined porous composite pipe. In other embodiments, step b comprises: and (3) carrying out die pressing and forming on the metal powder, then sintering to obtain a powder metallurgy porous component, and then loading the powder metallurgy porous component into a metal pipe 1 to obtain the combined porous composite pipe.
Preferably, in the step a, the press forming method includes: and placing a lower punch at the bottom of the metal tube 1 in a vertical state, filling the metal powder into the metal tube 1, placing an upper punch at the top of the metal tube 1, and pressing downwards to form.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1-3, the powder metallurgy porous member is a powder metallurgy porous rod 3, a powder metallurgy through-hole pipe 4, or a powder metallurgy blind-hole pipe 5. There are various positional relationships of the end portions of the powder metallurgy porous member with the end portions of the metal tube 1 including, but not limited to, flush, convex, and concave, and the various positional relationships of the two end portions of the powder metallurgy porous member may be freely combined.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the metal powder is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, iron any one of iron alloy, zinc alloy, lead alloy, tin alloy, cobalt, and cobalt alloy.
Preferably, in step b, the size of the powder metallurgy porous member is 0.01 to 0.10mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube 1, for example 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm or 0.10mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube 1.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the metal tube 1 may be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, iron any one of iron alloy, zinc alloy, lead alloy, tin alloy, cobalt and cobalt alloy.
Preferably, the metal tube 1 may be a single-layer or double-layer metal tube. Preferably, the double-layer metal pipe includes an inner-layer metal pipe and an outer-layer metal pipe. Preferably, the expansion coefficient of the outer metal tube is smaller than that of the inner metal tube.
Preferably, the material of the thick-wall restraining tube 2 may be one of graphite, cemented carbide, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, kovar alloy, and the like. Preferably, the inner diameter of the thick-walled restraining tube 2 is-0.10 to 0.10mm larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 1, for example -0.10mm、-0.09mm、-0.08mm、-0.07mm、-0.06mm、-0.05mm、-0.04mm、 -0.03mm、-0.02mm、-0.01mm、0mm、0.01mm、0.02mm、0.03mm、0.04mm、0.05mm、0.06mm、0.07mm、0.08mm、0.09mm or 0.10mm larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 1.
When the inner diameter of the thick-walled confining tube 2 is-0.10 to 0.02mm larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 1, the metal tube 1 may be frozen in liquid nitrogen, liquid argon or dry ice, or the thick-walled confining tube 2 may be heated, and then the metal tube 1 may be put into the thick-walled confining tube 2. When the inner diameter of the thick-walled constraint tube 2 is 0.02 to 0.10mm larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube 1, the metal tube 1 may be fitted into the thick-walled constraint tube 2.
The invention also provides a porous composite tube obtained by the preparation method, which comprises: a metal tube 1; and a powder metallurgy porous member disposed inside the metal tube 1.
Preferably, the powder metallurgy porous member has a maximum pore size of 0.1 to 15 μm, preferably 0.5 to 12 μm; the permeability is 1×10 -18～1×10-11m2, preferably 4.5×10 -16～2×10-11m2.
Preferably, the interfacial bonding strength of the powder metallurgy porous member and the metal tube 1 is more than or equal to 5MPa, preferably 5-15MPa.
Preferably, the porosity of the powder metallurgy porous member is 25 to 75%, preferably 35% to 50%.
Preferably, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member is not less than 2.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the metal tube 1 is 0.5 to 2mm.
Preferably, the ratio of the diameter to the wall thickness of the metal tube 1 is not less than 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention provides a preparation method of a porous composite pipe with simple process, convenient use and high reliability. The prepared porous composite pipe has the advantages of high porosity, small maximum pore diameter, high permeability, high interface bonding strength between the internal powder metallurgy porous material and the metal pipe 1, and the like. The method is suitable for preparing the porous composite pipe by adopting the finer powder and the metal pipe, and the porous composite pipe can be applied to the fields of filtration, heat pipes and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a porous composite tube fitted into a thick-walled containment tube 2, and is composed of a metal tube 1, a powder metallurgy porous rod 3, the thick-walled containment tube 2, and the like.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a powder metallurgy porous through hole pipe composite pipe, which is composed of a metal pipe 1, a powder metallurgy through hole pipe 4 and other components.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a powder metallurgy porous blind hole pipe composite pipe, which is composed of a metal pipe 1, a powder metallurgy blind hole pipe 5 and other components.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a powder metallurgy porous composite pipe and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the drawings related to the present invention are shown.
Comparative example 1
Using nickel carbonyl powder with the Fisher particle size of 2.2 mu m, adopting cold isostatic pressing, maintaining the pressure at 85MPa for 5 minutes to prepare a rod with the density of 4.5g/cm 3, carrying out vacuum sintering at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, and then processing into the nickel carbonyl rod with the density of 5.4g/cm 3 Is prepared from clean 6061 aluminium alloy tubeThe powder metallurgy porous rod is placed in the middle of the aluminum alloy pipe.
And sintering the combined aluminum alloy pipe (namely, the combined porous composite pipe) for 1 hour at 600 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, and sintering and shrinking the cooled carbonyl nickel powder to form a porous material, wherein a gap exists between the carbonyl nickel powder and the 6061 aluminum alloy pipe.
Example 1
This example 1 differs from comparative example 1 only in that: a graphite tube was used as the thick-wall confining tube 2.
Putting the combined aluminum alloy tube into a graphite tubeAnd sintering for 1 hour at 600 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, and forming a whole by the powder metallurgy porous rod and the aluminum alloy pipe after cooling to obtain the porous composite pipe. Outer diameter/>, of aluminum alloy pipe(Because the graphite tube has a constraint function on the aluminum alloy tube in the sintering process, the diameter of the aluminum alloy tube after sintering can be reduced), and the aluminum alloy tube can be easily taken out from the graphite tube.
The porous composite tube was subjected to a porous performance test, the maximum pore diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member in the porous composite tube was 0.5 μm, the permeability was 4.5X10 -16m2, the porosity was about 38%, and the interfacial shear strength was 10MPa.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the 6061 aluminum alloy tube is replaced by a 316L stainless steel tube with nickel plated inner hole, and the size of the tube is thatThe thick-wall constraint tube 2 adopts a hard alloy tube, and the size of the hard alloy tube is/>
Sintering at 600deg.C for 1 hr under vacuum degree of about 2×10 -2 Pa, cooling, and integrating the powder metallurgy porous rod with stainless steel tube to obtain porous composite tube with outer diameter of stainless steel tube(Because the hard alloy pipe has a restraining effect on the stainless steel pipe in the sintering process, the diameter of the stainless steel pipe can be reduced after sintering), and the stainless steel pipe can be easily taken out from the hard alloy pipe.
The porous composite tube was subjected to a porous performance test, the maximum pore diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member in the porous composite tube was 0.7 μm, the permeability was 8.2X10 -16m2, the porosity was about 39.2%, and the interfacial shear strength was 11MPa.
Example 3
This embodiment 3 differs from embodiment 2 only in that: will beIs a powder metallurgy porous rod with a/>Is formed by a plurality of holes. The sintered stainless steel tube can be easily taken out from the hard alloy tube.
The porous composite tube was subjected to a porous performance test, the maximum pore diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member in the porous composite tube was 0.72 μm, the permeability was 9.5X10 -16m2, the porosity was about 39.8%, and the interfacial shear strength was 10MPa.
Comparative example 2
Adopting aluminum alloy powder with the powder particle diameter less than or equal to 75 mu m, and filling the aluminum alloy powder into the aluminum alloy powderIn the clean 6061 aluminum alloy tube, the mixed powder in the aluminum alloy tube was gently flattened with a force of 0.2 KN. And sintering the combined aluminum alloy pipe in a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere at 600 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooling, and sintering and shrinking aluminum alloy powder into a porous material, wherein a gap exists between the aluminum alloy powder and the aluminum alloy pipe.
Example 4
This example 4 differs from comparative example 2 only in that: a graphite tube is adopted as a thick-wall constraint tube 2, and the combined aluminum alloy tube is put into the graphite tubeIn the method, high-purity nitrogen sintering is adopted, sintering is carried out for 60 minutes at 600 ℃, and after cooling, the powder metallurgy porous rod and the aluminum alloy tube are integrated to obtain a porous composite tube, and the outer diameter/> -of the aluminum alloy tube is obtained(Because the graphite tube has a restraining effect on the aluminum alloy tube during sintering, the diameter of the aluminum alloy tube after sintering can be reduced) and the aluminum alloy tube can be easily taken out from the graphite tube.
The porous composite tube was subjected to a porous performance test, the maximum pore diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member in the porous composite tube was 12 μm, the permeability was 2×10 -11m2, the porosity was about 46%, and the interfacial removal shear strength was 6MPa.
Example 5
Charging reduced copper powder with the powder granularity less than or equal to 30 mu m intoIn the clean copper pipe, the/> is pressed by adopting a sectional pressing modeWith one/>, in the middleThe pressed density of the powder metallurgy porous tube of the blind holes of (a) is about 4.2g/cm 3. Putting the combined copper pipe into a graphite pipe(Namely, the thick-wall constraint tube 2) is sintered for 30 minutes at 800 ℃ in hydrogen atmosphere, and the powder metallurgy porous tube and the copper tube are integrated after cooling to obtain a porous composite tube, wherein the external diameter/>(The diameter of the copper pipe can be reduced after sintering because the graphite pipe has a constraint function on the copper pipe in the sintering process), and the copper pipe can be easily taken out of the graphite pipe.
The porous composite tube was subjected to a porous performance test, the maximum pore diameter of the powder metallurgy porous member in the porous composite tube was 2.5 μm, the permeability was 3×10 -12m2, the porosity was about 50%, and the interfacial removal shear strength was 12MPa.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the porous composite pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Selecting metal powder with the granularity range of 0.1-100 mu m;
2) The forming mode is any one of the following two modes:
a. Filling the metal powder into a metal tube (1) and shaping the metal powder to prepare a combined porous composite tube;
b. forming the metal powder to obtain a powder metallurgy porous member, and then filling the powder metallurgy porous member into a metal pipe (1) to obtain a combined porous composite pipe;
3) And (3) placing the combined porous metal tube into a thick-wall constraint tube (2), and sintering in an anti-oxidation environment to obtain the porous composite tube.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein,
In step a, the forming comprises compaction forming or press forming;
In step b, the forming comprises compression molding;
in the step b, after the forming, sintering is carried out, wherein the sintering temperature is 30% -70% of the melting point of the metal powder, and the sintering time is 1-480 min.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 30% to 70% of the melting point of the metal powder; the sintering time is 1-480 min; the oxidation-preventing environment is vacuum, reducing atmosphere or inert protective atmosphere.
4. A process according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein, the metal powder is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, iron any one of iron alloy, zinc alloy, lead alloy, tin alloy, cobalt, and cobalt alloy.
5. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that in step b the size of the powder metallurgical porous component is 0.01-0.10 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the metal tube (1).
6. A process according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein, the metal tube (1) is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, iron any one of iron alloy, zinc alloy, lead alloy, tin alloy, cobalt and cobalt alloy.
7. A process according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein,
The metal tube (1) is a single-layer or double-layer metal tube; the double-layer metal tube comprises an inner-layer metal tube and an outer-layer metal tube, and the expansion coefficient of the outer-layer metal tube is smaller than that of the inner-layer metal tube;
The thick-wall constraint tube (2) is made of one of graphite, hard alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy and kovar alloy; the inner diameter of the thick-wall constraint tube (2) is-0.10 mm larger than the outer diameter of the metal tube (1).
8. A method of manufacturing according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the powder metallurgical porous component is a powder metallurgical porous rod (3), a powder metallurgical through-hole tube (4) or a powder metallurgical blind-hole tube (5).
9. A porous composite tube obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The porous composite tube of claim 9, wherein the powder metallurgy porous member has a maximum pore size of 0.1 to 15 μm and a permeability of 1 x 10 -18～1×10-10m2;
The interface bonding strength of the powder metallurgy porous component and the metal pipe (1) is more than or equal to 5MPa;
the porosity of the powder metallurgy porous component is 25-75%, and the ratio of the height to the diameter of the powder metallurgy porous component is more than or equal to 2;
The wall thickness of the metal pipe (1) is 0.1-5 mm, and the ratio of the diameter of the metal pipe (1) to the wall thickness is more than or equal to 10.
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