CN115043736B - 一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法 Download PDF

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CN115043736B
CN115043736B CN202210813936.0A CN202210813936A CN115043736B CN 115043736 B CN115043736 B CN 115043736B CN 202210813936 A CN202210813936 A CN 202210813936A CN 115043736 B CN115043736 B CN 115043736B
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张士磊
姜远锐
祝文静
胡延维
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯反应,得到含氮及保护基化合物;(2)将含氮及保护基化合物与硫磺反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;(3)将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后,分别与苯乙炔、吲哚、硫磺、硫代乙酰胺、降冰片烯、硫化钾、丙烯酸乙酯、4‑氯苯硼酸反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;(4)将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后,进行碘分子内成环反应,得到含氮芳基化合物。本发明以无金属催化的反应制备含氮及保护基化合物,经过进一步反应得到产物,具有高收率、反应条件简单的优点。

Description

一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术,具体涉及一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法。
背景技术
C-N键是有机化学和药物合成领域最常见的化学键类型之一,C-N键的形成在有机合成化学中特别重要,在许多具有生物活性的天然产品、医药制剂、农用化学品和高分子材料中,含氮的结构基团几乎无处不在(Webb M E, Marquet A, Mendel R R, et al.Elucidating biosynthetic pathways for vitamins and cofactors[J]. Natural product reports, 2007, 24(5), 988–1008;Kim J, Movassaghi M. Biogeneticallyinspired syntheses of alkaloid natural products[J]. Chemical Society reviews,2009, 38(11), 3035–3050;Afanasyev O I, Kuchuk E, Usanov D L, et al. ReductiveAmination in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2019, 119(23), 11857–11911)。有机化学中的交叉偶联反应指的是,在有关金属催化剂或其他配体的存在下,使两个片段结合在一起的反应。其中,钯催化的交叉偶联反应在有机合成及相关领域中具有极其重要的地位。目前,可以使用各种商业化的钯催化剂和含磷配体并在温和的环境条件下进行多种广泛使用的钯催化交叉偶联反应。其中,钯催化C-N键的形成具有非常重要的意义,为有机分子中引入胺基开辟了新的途径。在经过对C-N偶联反应一系列的文献调研后,发现在金属催化领域经过近百年的发展已经有非常多的研究成果。但是一些常用的金属催化剂,尤其是以钯为代表的的贵金属的价格水涨船高,极大的提高了工业生产以及科研成本。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法。关键的反应含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯反应无需金属催化剂,邻二碘苯有市售,价格便宜、化学性质稳定;反应条件温和,既不需要低温也不需要高温,所用试剂廉价易得,是非常实用的C-N偶联芳基化的新方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯反应,得到含氮及保护基化合物;
(2)将含氮及保护基化合物与硫磺反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(3)将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后,分别与苯乙炔、吲哚、硫磺、硫代乙酰胺、降冰片烯、硫化钾、丙烯酸乙酯、4-氯苯硼酸反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(4)将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后,进行碘分子内成环反应,得到含氮芳基化合物。
本发明中,含氮羰基化合物(1ba1, 1ca1、1cf)的化学式如下:
含氮及保护基化合物的化学式如下:
或者
本发明中,在氢化钠、四氢呋喃存在下,将含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯室温反应4~15小时,得到含氮及保护基化合物;邻二碘苯、含氮羰基化合物、氢化钠的摩尔比为(2~3)∶1∶(2~3);优选为2.5∶1∶2.5。
本发明中,用三氟乙酸将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护,即将Boc保护基脱除。
本发明的反应无需金属催化剂便可以很方便的得到邻碘芳基化产物,进一步衍生出了各种各样有价值的化合物。首先用三氟乙酸将Boc保护基脱除,得到邻碘胺化物(7a-7c);将其与炔、苯硼酸、吲哚等进行偶联,用丙烯酸乙酯可与其发生烷基化反应,用单质硫进行硫代,制备各种各样2位取代的胺化物;利用邻碘胺化物进行了多种环化反应,制备了如: 咔唑类、苯并噻唑硫酮类、吲哚啉类、苯并噻唑类以及吩噻嗪类等数种在药物分子合成过程中需要的重要类型的化合物。由此可见,本发明邻碘产物在医药相关合成领域也具有非常高的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为含氮及保护基化合物结构及制备示意图。
图2为含氮及保护基化合物脱保护示意图。
图3为含氮及保护基化合物以及含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后的反应示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及的原料可市购,也可自行制备;具体实验方法以及测试方法为常规技术。
底物合成。将苯甲胺、对甲基苯胺或者2-溴苯胺(10 mmol, 1.0 equiv)溶解在乙醇(20 mL, 0.5 M)溶液中,加入(Boc)2O (12 mmol, 1.2 equiv),在回流反应5h,反应完成后,将溶剂减压除去,用乙酸乙酯与石油醚对混合物进行打浆,得到纯产品(1ba1, 1ca1、1cf)。
实施例
由1ba1、1ca1、1cf制备得到3ba1、3ca1、3cf,参见图1:将氢化钠 (60% in oil, 60mg, 1.5 mmol, 2.5 equiv) 称量至反应瓶中,常规磁力搅拌下加入溶解在THF (2.0 mL)溶液中的化合物1 (127 mg, 0.6 mmol, 1 equiv),室温下搅拌2 min;然后加入溶解在THF(0.4 mL) 溶液中的化合物2a (496 mg, 196 µL, 1.5 mmol, 2.5 equiv),40℃反应;再将反应液加入水(5.0 mL)中,用乙酸乙酯(3 x 3.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到产物3,反应时间见图1。
参见图2,将产物3溶于DCM (0.36 M)中。在室温下加入三氟乙酸 (2.0 equiv),在室温下搅拌4 h。待反应完成后,在反应混合物中加入6 mol/L的氢氧化钠水溶液调节pH7.5,随后用DCM进行萃取。有机层用盐水洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,溶剂在减压下被蒸馏除去。快速柱层析纯化,得到纯产品7a-7c。参见图3,7a-7c以及未脱保护的3ca1可经过进一步反应,得到含氮芳基化合物,具体各反应如下。
氮气保护下,将邻碘芳胺化合物7a (61.8 mg, 0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv)和4-氯苯硼酸8a (40 mg, 0.24 mmol, 1.2 equiv)用THF/H2O (4.8 mL/1.6 mL)的混合溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入K2CO3 (60 mg, 0.4 mmol, 2.0 equiv), Pd(PPh3)4 (24mg, 0.02 mmol, 10 mol%),反应混合物在60 °C下搅拌24 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9a (54.6 mg),产率93%。
将邻碘芳胺化合物7a (93 mg, 0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv)和丙烯酸乙酯8b (150mg, 1.5 mmol, 5.0 equiv)用无水MeCN (1.2 mL, 0.25 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入InCl3 (7 mg, 0.03 mmol, 0.1 equiv), NaBH4 (14 mg, 0.36 mmol, 1.2equiv),反应混合物在室温下搅拌5 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9b (35.7 mg),产率42%。
在氮气保护下,将邻碘芳胺化合物7a (61.8 mg, 0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv)用无水甲苯(1.0 mL, 0.2 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入Pd(OAc)2 (11 mg, 0.05mmol, 25 mol%), DBU (182.6 mg, 1.2 mmol, 6.0 equiv),反应混合物在100 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9c (33 mg),产率91%。
在氮气保护下,将邻碘芳胺化合物7a (93 mg, 0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv)用DMSO(2.0 mL, 0.15 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入K2S (132.3 mg, 1.2 mmol,4.0 equiv),在氮气保护下反应混合物在140 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,再用水(2 x 5.0 mL)反萃洗去DMSO,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9d (57.9 mg),产率75%。
将邻碘芳胺化合物7a (93 mg, 0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv)和降冰片烯8c (28.5 mg,0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv)用无水DMF (2.5 mL, 0.12 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入Pd(OAc)2 (2.7 mg, 0.012 mmol, 4 mol%), K2CO3 (99.5 mg, 0.72 mmol, 2.4equiv),在氮气保护下反应混合物在105 °C下搅拌24 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,再用水(2 x 5.0 mL)反萃洗去DMF,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9e (71.9 mg),产率87%。
将硫代乙酰胺8d (225 mg, 3.0 mmol, 3.0 equiv),CuI (19 mg, 0.1 mmol, 10mol%), Cs2CO3 (978 mg, 3.0 mmol, 3.0 equiv)称取于经过烘箱干燥的10 mL两口反应瓶中。在氮气保护下,将溶解于DMSO/H2O (0.5 mL/0.25 mL)混合溶液的邻碘芳胺化合物7b(374 mg, 1.0 mmol, 1.0 equiv)加入反应瓶中,反应混合物在120 °C下搅拌20 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,再用水(2 x 5.0 mL)反萃洗去DMSO,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9f (159.4 mg),产率80%。
将邻碘芳胺化合物7c (123.7 mg, 0.4 mmol, 1.0 equiv)和硫磺8e (51.2 mg,1.6 mmol, 4.0 equiv)用DMSO (3.0 mL, 0.13 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入Cu(OAc)2·H2O (16 mg, 0.08 mmol, 20 mol%), Na2CO3 (85 mg, 0.8 mmol, 2.0equiv),在氮气保护下,反应混合物在130 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,再用水(2 x 5.0 mL)反萃洗去DMSO,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9g (77.7 mg),产率92%。
将吲哚8f (23.5 mg, 0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv) 和邻碘芳胺化合物7c (86.5 mg,0.28 mmol, 1.4 equiv)用DMF (0.5 mL, 0.4 M)溶液溶解于反应瓶中。随后,加入CuI (12mg, 0.06 mmol, 30 mol%), Cs2CO3 (130 mg, 0.4 mmol, 2.0 equiv), DMEDA (25 mg,0.28 mmol, 1.4 equiv),在氮气保护下,反应混合物在120 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,再用水(2 x 5.0 mL)反萃洗去DMF,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9h (41.8 mg),产率70%。
将邻碘芳胺化合物7c (62 mg, 0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv)和苯乙炔8g (22.8 μL,0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv)用甲苯(3.0 mL, 0.067 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入PdCl2(PPh3)2 (7 mg, 0.01 mmol, 5 mol%), CuI (1.9 mg, 0.01 mmol, 5 mol%),Et3N (0.8 mL),在氮气保护下,反应混合物在60 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9i (51.6 mg),产率91%。
将邻碘芳胺化合物3ca1 (409 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0 equiv)和硫磺8e (16 mg,0.5 mmol, 1.0 equiv)用1,4二氧六环(1.5 mL, 0.33 M)溶液溶解于10 mL两口反应瓶中。随后,加入Cu(OAc)2 (20 mg, 0.1 mmol, 20 mol%), KF (58.1 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0equiv), Et3N (0.3 mL),在氮气保护下,反应混合物在110 °C下搅拌12 h。将反应液用硅藻土过滤后加入乙酸乙酯(5.0 mL)稀释,加入水(10 mL),用乙酸乙酯(3 x 5.0 mL)萃取,合并有机层,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,蒸干,快速柱层析纯化,得到纯化合物9j (60 mg),产率38%。
Tertyield 88%.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.87 (minor)/ 7.84 (major) (brd, J = 7.6 Hz 1H), 7.34–7.12 (br m, 6 H), 6.99–6.71 (br m, 2 H), 5.27(major)/5.16 (minor) (br d, J = 14.8 Hz), 4.14 (minor)/4.10 (major) (br d, J= 14.8 Hz), 1.55 (minor)/1.37 (major) (br s, 9 H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ154.37, 154.24 (minor), 144.25 (minor), 144.19, 139.84 (minor), 139.43,138.07 (minor), 137.80, 130.67 (minor), 130.31, 129.14, 129.05 (minor),128.70, 128.59, 128.41, 127.46, 100.33, 81.16 (minor), 80.43, 54.08 (minor),52.72, 28.57 (minor), 28.34. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 432.0 [M+Na]+.
Tert-butyl (2-iodophenyl)(p-tolyl)carbamate (3ca1):yield 91%.1H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.26(d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.07 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 6.98(t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 9H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ152.84, 145.16, 139.80, 139.26, 134.71, 130.09, 129.27, 129.12, 128.65,124.98, 100.68, 81.30, 77.42, 77.10, 76.78, 28.29, 20.92. LR-MS (ESI): m/z432.0 [M+Na]+.
Tert-butyl (2-bromophenyl)(2-iodophenyl)carbamate (3cf):yield 98%.1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H),7.51 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.30 – 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.11(t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 1.48 (s, 9H). 13C NMR (101 MHz,CDCl3) δ 151.79 / 151.77, 145.55 / 145.41, 142.21 / 141.98, 140.05 / 139.79,133.70 / 133.35, 129.80, 129.45 / 129.34, 129.15, 128.75, 128.62 / 128.53,128.45 / 128.40, 123.43 / 123.22, 99.98 / 99.84, 81.70 / 81.65, 28.26. LR-MS(ESI): m/z 495.9 [M+Na]+.
4'-Chloro-N-(p-tolyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-amine (9a):1H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3) δ 7.30 (s, 4H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15 – 7.08 (m, 2H), 6.98(d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.88 – 6.82 (m, 3H), 5.33 (s, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H). 13C NMR(101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 141.01, 140.45, 137.62, 133.47, 131.24, 130.80, 130.75,129.97, 129.68, 129.16, 128.67, 120.66, 119.29, 116.85, 20.74. LR-MS (ESI):m/z 294.0 [M+H]+.
Ethyl 3-(2-(p-tolylamino)phenyl)propanoate (9b):1H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3) δ 7.95 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (td, J = 7.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.19(dd, J = 7.9, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (ddd, J = 9.5, 6.6, 2.5 Hz, 3H), 6.49 – 6.43(m, 2H), 4.11 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.98 – 3.88 (m, 2H), 2.74 – 2.68 (m, 2H),2.24 (s, 3H), 1.23 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 171.98,148.56, 145.20, 140.60, 130.80, 129.92, 129.75, 128.30, 127.40, 114.03,102.28, 60.66, 47.54, 32.80, 20.38, 14.23. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 284.1 [M+H]+.
3-Methyl-9H-carbazole (9c):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.03 (dd, J =7.8, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.42 – 7.34 (m,2H), 7.30 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.24 – 7.17 (m, 2H), 2.52 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (101MHz, CDCl3) δ 139.90, 137.80, 128.82, 127.25, 125.72, 123.60, 123.31, 120.33,120.31, 119.29, 110.63, 110.32, 21.51. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 182.0 [M+H]+.
3-(P-tolyl)benzo[d]thiazole-2(3H)-thione (9d):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3)δ 7.46 (dd, J = 7.3, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 8.2Hz, 2H), 7.19 (pd, J = 7.5, 3.8 Hz, 2H), 6.82 – 6.75 (m, 1H), 2.44 (s, 3H).13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 169.88, 139.45, 138.50, 132.21, 130.74, 127.70,126.32, 123.55, 122.58, 119.23, 111.92, 77.42, 77.10, 76.78, 21.36. LR-MS(ESI): m/z 258.0 [M+H]+.
9-(P-tolyl)-2,3,4,4a,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-1,4-methanocarbazole (9e):1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.21 – 7.16 (m, 2H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.06(d, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.64(t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 3.28 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 2.44(d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 2.33 (s, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1.58 – 1.48 (m, 3H), 1.37(t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 1.28 – 1.18 (m, 1H), 1.09 (dd, J = 10.3, 1.4 Hz, 1H). 13CNMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 149.37, 141.17, 133.37, 131.26, 129.75, 127.25,124.88, 120.09, 118.01, 107.67, 77.42, 77.10, 76.78, 71.32, 50.48, 43.51,41.12, 32.38, 28.63, 25.28, 20.84. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 276.1 [M+H]+.
10H-phenothiazine (9f):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 6.97 (dd, J = 6.9,4.6 Hz, 4H), 6.81 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 5.80 (s,1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 141.72, 127.41, 126.90, 122.68, 118.35,114.51. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 200.0 [M+H]+.
2-Phenylbenzo[d]thiazole (9g):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.09 (dt, J =5.7, 3.5 Hz, 3H), 7.88 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.51 – 7.44 (m, 4H), 7.37 (dd, J= 11.2, 4.0 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 168.12, 154.20, 135.12,133.67, 131.01, 129.07, 127.61, 126.36, 125.24, 123.29, 121.67. LR-MS (ESI):m/z 212.0 [M+H]+.
N-benzyl-2-(1H-indol-1-yl)aniline (9h):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.72– 7.66 (m, 1H), 7.30 – 7.25 (m, 3H), 7.24 – 7.14 (m, 8H), 6.77 (ddd, J =14.6, 7.9, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 6.70 (d, J = 3.1 Hz, 1H), 4.30 (s, 2H), 4.08 (s, 1H).13C NMR (101 MHz , CDCl 3 ) δ 144.48, 139.04, 136.72, 132.58, 129.50, 128.83, 128.66, 128.61, 127.20, 126.98, 124.71, 122.33, 121.02, 1 20.30, 117.03, 111.88, 110.89, 103.47, 47.58. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 299.1 [M+H]+.
N-benzyl-2-(phenylethynyl)aniline (9i):1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.48(dd, J = 11.4, 7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.42 – 7.22 (m, 9H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H),6.65 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 5.14 (s, 1H), 4.43 (s,2H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 148.76, 139.18, 132.18, 131.47, 130.06,128.73, 128.42, 128.23, 127.25, 127.08, 123.32, 116.69, 110.01, 107.61,95.33, 86.08, 47.74. LR-MS (ESI): m/z 284.1 [M+H]+.
Tert-butyl (2-mercaptophenyl)(p-tolyl)carbamate (9j):1H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl3) δ 7.54 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.19 – 7.11 (m, 5H), 7.05 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,2H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 9H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 141.01, 140.45,137.62, 133.47, 131.24, 130.80, 130.75, 129.97, 129.68, 129.16, 128.67,120.66, 119.29, 116.85, 20.74. 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 153.43, 153.13(minor), 140.46 (minor), 140.41, 139.42, 136.11, 135.94 (minor), 135.07(minor), 135.00, 129.33, 129.26 (minor), 129.19, 129.07 (minor), 128.02,127.76, 127.46, 125.47, 125.16 (minor), 81.49, 81.17 (minor), 28.27, 27.95(minor), 20.96, 20.67 (minor). LR-MS (ESI): m/z 316.1 [M+H]+.
金属催化C-N偶联领域虽发展的很好,但是其自身具有的缺点也不容忽视。近年来,一些无过渡金属催化的 C-N 偶联胺化反应也有一定的发展,与传统的金属催化相比优势并不明显。但相比于金属偶联胺化,本发明的方法却有巨大的优势,反应体系不需要金属催化剂,生产成本更低,对环境更加友好,实验方法更为简便,能得到邻碘芳基化产物,而用传统的金属偶联难免会产生过度偶联的副产物,本发明的方法是对C-N偶联领域相关方法的重要补充,是有重大意义的。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯反应,得到含氮及保护基化合物;
含氮羰基化合物的化学式如下:
所述含氮及保护基化合物的化学式如下:
或者
(2)将含氮及保护基化合物脱保护后,得到7a、7b或者7c;所述7a、7b、7c的化学式如下:
(3)将7a进行碘分子内成环反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;碘分子内成环反应在甲苯中、Pd(OAc)2和DBU存在下进行;
(4)将7a和K2S在DMSO中反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(5)将7a和降冰片烯在DMF中、Pd(OAc)2和K2CO3存在下进行反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(6)将7b和硫代乙酰胺在DMSO/H2O混合物中、CuI和Cs2CO3存在下进行反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(7)将7c和硫磺反应,得到含氮芳基化合物;
(8)将7c和苯乙炔在甲苯中、PdCl2(PPh3)2、CuI和Et3N存在下进行反应,得到含氮芳基化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述利用含氮及保护基化合物制备含氮芳基化合物的方法,其特征在于,在氢化钠、四氢呋喃存在下,将含氮羰基化合物与邻二碘苯室温反应4~15小时,得到含氮及保护基化合物;邻二碘苯、含氮羰基化合物、氢化钠的摩尔比为(2~3)∶1∶(2~3)。
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